Kembesa: Difference between revisions
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| rowclass2 = mergedrow | label2 = {{wp|Tigrinya language|Degamic}}: | | rowclass2 = mergedrow | label2 = {{wp|Tigrinya language|Degamic}}: | ||
| data2 = ሃፀያዊ ግዘአት ከምበሳ</br>''Haṣeyawi Gezeʼat Kembesa'' | | data2 = ሃፀያዊ ግዘአት ከምበሳ</br>''Haṣeyawi Gezeʼat Kembesa'' | ||
| rowclass3 = mergedrow | label3 = {{wp|Oromo language| | | rowclass3 = mergedrow | label3 = {{wp|Oromo language|Masaric}}: | ||
| data3 = ሞኦቱምሟ ሞኦቱምሞኦቷ Kአምበሷ<br>''Mootummaa Mootummootaa Kembesaa'' | | data3 = ሞኦቱምሟ ሞኦቱምሞኦቷ Kአምበሷ<br>''Mootummaa Mootummootaa Kembesaa'' | ||
| rowclass4 = mergedrow | label4 = {{wp|Somali language|Janubic}}: | | rowclass4 = mergedrow | label4 = {{wp|Somali language|Janubic}}: | ||
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|largest_settlement = | |largest_settlement = | ||
|official_languages = {{wpl|Amharic|Meharic}} | |official_languages = {{wpl|Amharic|Meharic}} | ||
|national_languages = {{wpl|Tigrinya|Degamic}}</br>{{wpl|Oromo language| | |national_languages = {{wpl|Tigrinya|Degamic}}</br>{{wpl|Oromo language|Masaric}}</br>{{wpl|Somali language|Janubic}} | ||
|regional_languages = {{wpl|Arabic|Gharbaic}}</br>{{wpl|Bantu languages|M'bweni}} | |regional_languages = {{wpl|Arabic|Gharbaic}}</br>{{wp|Ossetian language|Dardaloni}}</br>{{wpl|Bantu languages|M'bweni}} | ||
|ethnic_groups = <!--List/breakdown of ethnic groups within the country/territory--> | |ethnic_groups = <!--List/breakdown of ethnic groups within the country/territory--> | ||
|ethnic_groups_year = <!--Year of ethnic groups data (if provided)--> | |ethnic_groups_year = <!--Year of ethnic groups data (if provided)--> | ||
| Line 57: | Line 57: | ||
|leader_title1 = Emperor | |leader_title1 = Emperor | ||
|leader_name1 = Makonnen Yemata | |leader_name1 = Makonnen Yemata | ||
|leader_title2 = | |leader_title2 = Chancellor | ||
|leader_name2 = Tesfaldet Woldemesfin<sup>†</sup> | |leader_name2 = Tesfaldet Woldemesfin<sup>†</sup> | ||
|leader_title3 = | |leader_title3 = | ||
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|sovereignty_type = <!--Brief description of country/territory's status ("Independence [from...]", "Autonomous province [of...]", etc)--> | |sovereignty_type = <!--Brief description of country/territory's status ("Independence [from...]", "Autonomous province [of...]", etc)--> | ||
|sovereignty_note = | |sovereignty_note = | ||
|established_event1 = | |established_event1 = {{nowrap|Yematid Kingdom of Meharia}} | ||
|established_date1 = | |established_date1 = June 28, 1858 | ||
|established_event2 = | |established_event2 = Empire of Kembesa | ||
|established_date2 = | |established_date2 = September 19, 1930 | ||
|established_event3 = | |established_event3 = Constitutional monarchy | ||
|established_date3 = | |established_date3 = October 23, 1936 | ||
|established_event4 = | |established_event4 = | ||
|established_date4 = | |established_date4 = | ||
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}} | }} | ||
The '''Empire of Kembesa''' is a nation in East Scipia. It is bordered to the northeast by [[Fahran]], the northwest by [[Charnea]], and the southwest by [[M'biruna]]. The imperial capital of Kembesa is the city of Azwa, which is also the capital of the Kingdom of Meharia. | |||
Kembesa is ostensibly a confederation of four nations ruled by the Yematid dynasty including the core Kingdom of Meharia, the Principality of Degama, the Duchy of Masara, and the Kingdom of Janubia. The term “Kembesa” has historically been associated with the region south of Fahran, beyond the borders of the Zahra Desert and before M'biruna. The name "Kembesa" roughly translates to “Land of the Lions” in the ancient She’dje language of the region. | |||
The modern state of Kembesa was founded in 1930 after over 70 years of military expansion. The Kembesan constitution was introduced in 1936 following significant clamour for reform and liberalization. Each constituent nation has maintained a degree of local autonomy under the constitution, though the imperial government maintains supreme authority over the subnational and district governments. | |||
Economically, most of Kembesa has successfully industrialized despite continued wealth inequality. One of the greatest issues is power as the early-20th century power grid is both aging and inadequate to sustain the demand of the population which has increased rapidly over the past hundred years. Geographically, Kembesa has a varied topography with hills and desert in the north, river basins in the east, and rainforests in the far south. | |||
==History== | |||
The earliest material evidence of human habitation in Kembesa dates to approximately 2700 BCE. The first central state of the region was the Kingdom of Ke'sem, founded in the mid-10th century BCE. Through much of antiquity, however, the region was unstable, with a number of competing tribal confederations vying for control over the region. By the mid first millennium BCE, the rival kingdoms of Melewa and Yebwi exercised significant control over the region. | |||
Kembesa is perhaps best known as the birthplace of Mesfin, the warrior-king and founder of the Azdarin faith. Born sometime in the mid-10th century CE, Mesfin was the adopted son of a regional Mehari chief who was guided by the seeress Amsalech an appointed as the chosen of Gedayo. Mesfin became the leader of an army of freed slaves and conquered the kingdoms of Kembesa to found a new theocratic state. Mesfin died in 985 CE and his empire dissolved. However, Gharib followers of Mesfin to the north of Kembesa carried on in his name and founded the Almurid Caliphate in 993 CE. The Caliphate expanded across Scipia and continued to occupy Kembesa until the Ihemodian conquests of the 14th century. Ihemod ultimately died on campaign in Kembesa, but the Caliphate was never reunifed and the region of Kembesa was divided between a number of kingdoms again, though the Azdarin faith remained strong in the region. | |||
The Yematid dynasty came to power in the Kingdom of Meharia in 1858, beginning a war of expansion that resulted in the conquests of Degama in 1864 and Qullo in 1879. The Kingdom of Janubia was conquered by Meharia during the chaos of the Hanaki War in 1930, following which King Mengesha III Yemata proclaimed the Empire of Kembesa. Clamour for reform lead swiftly to liberalization and national reorganization with the introduction of a constitution in 1936. | |||
==Geography and climate== | |||
Kembesa has four approximate geographic regions. These are the eastern reaches of the Zahra desert in the country's northwest; the Mesewi Mountains, a series of low mountains, including the important holy site of [[Nutum Inyaru]]; and the eastern coast region which includes the Kumanaan Archipelago, the largest island of which is Bariga Island. | |||
[[File:Kembesa Köppen Map.png|240px|thumb|right| | |||
{{legend|#FF0000|{{wp|Desert_climate#Hot_desert_climates|BWh - hot desert}}}} | |||
{{legend|#FF9596|{{wp|Desert_climate#Cold_desert_climates|BWk - cold desert}}}} | |||
{{legend|#F5A500|{{wp|Semi-arid_climate#Hot_semi-arid_climates|BSh - hot semi-arid}}}} | |||
{{legend|#FED95E|{{wp|Semi-arid_climate#Cold_semi-arid_climates|BSk - cold semi-arid}}}} | |||
{{legend|#0000FF|{{wp|Tropical rainforest climate|Af - tropical rainforest}}}} | |||
{{legend|#0078FF|{{wp|Tropical monsoon climate|Am - tropical monsoon}}}} | |||
{{legend|#46AAFA|{{wp|Tropical savanna climate|Aw - tropical savanna}}}} | |||
{{legend|#63C764|{{wp|Oceanic_climate#Subtropical_highland_variety_(Cfb,_Cwb)|Cwb - subtropical highland}}}} | |||
]] | |||
In terms of climate, Kembesa experiences a range of climates between the hot arid desert in the northwest and the more temperate Periclean climate type in the east. The Zahra desert has very elevated temperatures and little average precipitation over the course of a year. While less extreme than the bulk of the desert to the west, it is not uncommon for the desert to see under 10 mm of precipitation over the course of a year. The Mesewi Mountains and the eastern coast are broadly characterized as semi-arid to savannah, experiencing elevated temperatures and a dry and wet seasonal cycle. Shrublands and small patches of woodlands are common, particularly around rivers that run through these regions. | |||
<gallery widths="222"> | |||
File:BayudaDesert.jpg|Sparse vegetation in the Zahra | |||
File:TESFA trek (5498477203).jpg|Dry season in the Mesewi Mountains | |||
File:Awash near Asaita.jpg|Wet season shrublands on the Janubi Coast | |||
File:Blue Nile Falls-03, by CT Snow.jpg|Kira River waterfall in the Maya Rift Valley | |||
</gallery> | |||
==Government and politics== | |||
===Heads of power=== | |||
The Kembesan government is a federal constitutional monarchy. In 1936, the new constitution introduced a bicameral parliament and limited separation of powers between the executive, judiciary, and legislature. The constitution also introduced divisions of power between the federal/imperial and subnational levels, though the imperial government maintains significant residual power. | |||
====Federal government==== | |||
The Emperor of Kembesa is a monarch who exercises significant executive powers, largely via the power to issue decrees. As part of this function, the monarch appoints ministers to oversee different portfolios of the imperial government. The monarch is also required to give assent to any new laws for them to be enacted. In addition to temporal authority, the monarch has significant influence over the Azdarin faith in the country. | |||
The upper house of parliament is the Noble Assembly. The Noble Assembly is composed of noble representatives from each of the four constituent nations who act primarily in a consultative role and have limited authority to pass legislation. The Noble Assembly is also responsible for confirming federal court appointments and can oversee commissions and inquiries. While the Noble Assembly has the power to refer legislation from the Popular Assembly for judicial review, it has no power to reject its legislation. There are 35 nobles from Meharia, 15 nobles from Masara, 11 nobles from Janubia, 10 nobles from Degama, and 12 Azdarin clerics appointed by the Emperor for a total of 83 seats. | |||
The lower house of parliament is the Popular Assembly. The Popular Assembly is the main deliberative assembly at the federal level in Kembesa. It has the main power to draft and pass laws. In addition, the chancellor is conventionally appointed from the leading party of the Popular Assembly and is recognized as the leader of the legislature, ostensibly with a customary consultative role for the monarch. The Popular Assembly is made up of 82 representatives from Meharia, 24 representatives from Degama, 20 representatives from Janubia, and 11 representatives from Masara for a total of 137 representatives. Kembesa has universal suffrage, though individuals must own property to stand for election. Federal elections occur every five years with no term limits and use a {{wp|first-past-the-post}} system. | |||
====Subnational governments==== | |||
The monarchical governments of the four subnational governments each maintain unique structures over their respective subnations. The main subnational powers include local infrastructure, education, and the administration and composition of local courts. | |||
In the case of Meharia, the Yematid dynasty controls both the imperial and local governments. In practice, the Crown Prince customarily exercises the role of the monarch in Meharia, which has a unicameral assembly for local legislation. In Janubia, the king appoints a governor, known as a ''wasiir'' to manage each of the 11 districts, with no subnational legislature. The Duchy of Masara has largely devolved its powers to the municipal level. In the Principality of Degama, the prince has an essentially ceremonial role with most authority devolved to the bicameral Parliament of Degama which elects a prime minister. | |||
===Law=== | |||
===Administrative subdivisions=== | |||
===Military=== | |||
==Economy== | |||
===Industry=== | |||
===Resources=== | |||
===Transportation=== | |||
==Demographics== | |||
===Language=== | |||
===Religion=== | |||
===Healthcare and education=== | |||
==Art and culture== | |||
===Cuisine=== | |||
===Sports and leisure=== | |||
[[Category:Ajax]] | [[Category:Ajax]] | ||
Latest revision as of 22:43, 12 June 2024
 | This article is incomplete because it is pending further input from participants, or it is a work-in-progress by one author. Please comment on this article's talk page to share your input, comments and questions. Note: To contribute to this article, you may need to seek help from the author(s) of this page. |
Empire of Kembesa | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
Anthem: March Forward, Kembesa! | |
 Map of Kembesa | |
| Capital | Azwa |
| Official languages | Meharic |
| Recognised national languages | Degamic Masaric Janubic |
| Recognised regional languages | Gharbaic Dardaloni M'bweni |
| Demonym(s) | Kembesan |
| Government | Federal constitutional monarchy |
• Emperor | Makonnen Yemata |
• Chancellor | Tesfaldet Woldemesfin† |
| Legislature | Federal Parliament |
| Noble Assembly | |
| Popular Assembly | |
| Establishment | |
• Yematid Kingdom of Meharia | June 28, 1858 |
• Empire of Kembesa | September 19, 1930 |
• Constitutional monarchy | October 23, 1936 |
| Area | |
• Total | 665,216 km2 (256,841 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 0.62 |
| Population | |
• 2024 census | 35,084,331 |
• Density | 52.74/km2 (136.6/sq mi) |
| GDP (nominal) | estimate |
• Total | $655 billion (2024) |
• Per capita | $18,672.02 |
| Gini (2018) |  61.9very high |
| HDI (2018) |  0.76high |
| Currency | Werik ( |
| Calling code | +530 |
The Empire of Kembesa is a nation in East Scipia. It is bordered to the northeast by Fahran, the northwest by Charnea, and the southwest by M'biruna. The imperial capital of Kembesa is the city of Azwa, which is also the capital of the Kingdom of Meharia.
Kembesa is ostensibly a confederation of four nations ruled by the Yematid dynasty including the core Kingdom of Meharia, the Principality of Degama, the Duchy of Masara, and the Kingdom of Janubia. The term “Kembesa” has historically been associated with the region south of Fahran, beyond the borders of the Zahra Desert and before M'biruna. The name "Kembesa" roughly translates to “Land of the Lions” in the ancient She’dje language of the region.
The modern state of Kembesa was founded in 1930 after over 70 years of military expansion. The Kembesan constitution was introduced in 1936 following significant clamour for reform and liberalization. Each constituent nation has maintained a degree of local autonomy under the constitution, though the imperial government maintains supreme authority over the subnational and district governments.
Economically, most of Kembesa has successfully industrialized despite continued wealth inequality. One of the greatest issues is power as the early-20th century power grid is both aging and inadequate to sustain the demand of the population which has increased rapidly over the past hundred years. Geographically, Kembesa has a varied topography with hills and desert in the north, river basins in the east, and rainforests in the far south.
History
The earliest material evidence of human habitation in Kembesa dates to approximately 2700 BCE. The first central state of the region was the Kingdom of Ke'sem, founded in the mid-10th century BCE. Through much of antiquity, however, the region was unstable, with a number of competing tribal confederations vying for control over the region. By the mid first millennium BCE, the rival kingdoms of Melewa and Yebwi exercised significant control over the region.
Kembesa is perhaps best known as the birthplace of Mesfin, the warrior-king and founder of the Azdarin faith. Born sometime in the mid-10th century CE, Mesfin was the adopted son of a regional Mehari chief who was guided by the seeress Amsalech an appointed as the chosen of Gedayo. Mesfin became the leader of an army of freed slaves and conquered the kingdoms of Kembesa to found a new theocratic state. Mesfin died in 985 CE and his empire dissolved. However, Gharib followers of Mesfin to the north of Kembesa carried on in his name and founded the Almurid Caliphate in 993 CE. The Caliphate expanded across Scipia and continued to occupy Kembesa until the Ihemodian conquests of the 14th century. Ihemod ultimately died on campaign in Kembesa, but the Caliphate was never reunifed and the region of Kembesa was divided between a number of kingdoms again, though the Azdarin faith remained strong in the region.
The Yematid dynasty came to power in the Kingdom of Meharia in 1858, beginning a war of expansion that resulted in the conquests of Degama in 1864 and Qullo in 1879. The Kingdom of Janubia was conquered by Meharia during the chaos of the Hanaki War in 1930, following which King Mengesha III Yemata proclaimed the Empire of Kembesa. Clamour for reform lead swiftly to liberalization and national reorganization with the introduction of a constitution in 1936.
Geography and climate
Kembesa has four approximate geographic regions. These are the eastern reaches of the Zahra desert in the country's northwest; the Mesewi Mountains, a series of low mountains, including the important holy site of Nutum Inyaru; and the eastern coast region which includes the Kumanaan Archipelago, the largest island of which is Bariga Island.
In terms of climate, Kembesa experiences a range of climates between the hot arid desert in the northwest and the more temperate Periclean climate type in the east. The Zahra desert has very elevated temperatures and little average precipitation over the course of a year. While less extreme than the bulk of the desert to the west, it is not uncommon for the desert to see under 10 mm of precipitation over the course of a year. The Mesewi Mountains and the eastern coast are broadly characterized as semi-arid to savannah, experiencing elevated temperatures and a dry and wet seasonal cycle. Shrublands and small patches of woodlands are common, particularly around rivers that run through these regions.
Sparse vegetation in the Zahra
Dry season in the Mesewi Mountains
Wet season shrublands on the Janubi Coast
Kira River waterfall in the Maya Rift Valley
.jpg)
Government and politics
Heads of power
The Kembesan government is a federal constitutional monarchy. In 1936, the new constitution introduced a bicameral parliament and limited separation of powers between the executive, judiciary, and legislature. The constitution also introduced divisions of power between the federal/imperial and subnational levels, though the imperial government maintains significant residual power.
Federal government
The Emperor of Kembesa is a monarch who exercises significant executive powers, largely via the power to issue decrees. As part of this function, the monarch appoints ministers to oversee different portfolios of the imperial government. The monarch is also required to give assent to any new laws for them to be enacted. In addition to temporal authority, the monarch has significant influence over the Azdarin faith in the country.
The upper house of parliament is the Noble Assembly. The Noble Assembly is composed of noble representatives from each of the four constituent nations who act primarily in a consultative role and have limited authority to pass legislation. The Noble Assembly is also responsible for confirming federal court appointments and can oversee commissions and inquiries. While the Noble Assembly has the power to refer legislation from the Popular Assembly for judicial review, it has no power to reject its legislation. There are 35 nobles from Meharia, 15 nobles from Masara, 11 nobles from Janubia, 10 nobles from Degama, and 12 Azdarin clerics appointed by the Emperor for a total of 83 seats.
The lower house of parliament is the Popular Assembly. The Popular Assembly is the main deliberative assembly at the federal level in Kembesa. It has the main power to draft and pass laws. In addition, the chancellor is conventionally appointed from the leading party of the Popular Assembly and is recognized as the leader of the legislature, ostensibly with a customary consultative role for the monarch. The Popular Assembly is made up of 82 representatives from Meharia, 24 representatives from Degama, 20 representatives from Janubia, and 11 representatives from Masara for a total of 137 representatives. Kembesa has universal suffrage, though individuals must own property to stand for election. Federal elections occur every five years with no term limits and use a first-past-the-post system.
Subnational governments
The monarchical governments of the four subnational governments each maintain unique structures over their respective subnations. The main subnational powers include local infrastructure, education, and the administration and composition of local courts.
In the case of Meharia, the Yematid dynasty controls both the imperial and local governments. In practice, the Crown Prince customarily exercises the role of the monarch in Meharia, which has a unicameral assembly for local legislation. In Janubia, the king appoints a governor, known as a wasiir to manage each of the 11 districts, with no subnational legislature. The Duchy of Masara has largely devolved its powers to the municipal level. In the Principality of Degama, the prince has an essentially ceremonial role with most authority devolved to the bicameral Parliament of Degama which elects a prime minister.