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{{WIP}}
{{short description|Country in Eurth}}
{{wip}}


{{Infobox country
{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = The Kingdom of Gallambria
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Gallambria
|native_name =        <!--Country's name (usually full name) in its native language, hence in italics (double quotemarks)-->
|native_name =        ''Kouratearoa''
|common_name =        Gallambria
|common_name =        Gallambria
|image_flag =        Gallambrian National Flag.svg
|image_flag =        National Flag of Gallambria.svg
|alt_flag =          National Flag
|alt_flag =          National Flag of Gallambria
|flag_border =        no
|flag_border =        no
|image_coat =        [[File:New_Gallambrian_CoA.svg]]
|image_flag2 =        <!--e.g. Second-flag of country.svg-->
|alt_coat =          Coat of Arms
|alt_flag2 =          <!--alt text for second flag-->
|national_motto =    A Mari Usque Ad Mare
|flag2_border =      <!--set to no to disable border around the flag-->
|englishmotto =      From Sea to Sea
|image_coat =        Coat of Arms of Gallambria NEW.svg
|national_anthem =    [[God Defend our Gracious King]]
|alt_coat =          Royal Coat of Arms of Gallambria
|symbol_type =        Royal Coat of Arms
|national_motto =    "Tini Whetu, e Iti Te Poleao"
|englishmotto =      The stars are many, but a little black cloud hides them
|national_anthem =    [[God Defend our Gracious King|"God Defend our Gracious King"]]
|royal_anthem =      <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists-->
|other_symbol_type =  <!--Use if a further symbol exists, e.g. hymn-->
|other_symbol =
|image_map =          Ortho_gallambria_eurth.png
|image_map =          Ortho_gallambria_eurth.png
|loctext =            Location of Gallambria and Territories in the Adlantic Ocean
|loctext =            [[Marenesia]]
|alt_map =            Location of Gallambria including the Gallambrian Adlantic Ocean Territory and the Ashford and Tarago Islands
|alt_map =            Location of Gallambria including the [[Gallambrian Adlantic Ocean Territory]]
|map_caption =        Location of Gallambria including the [[Gallambrian Adlantic Ocean Territory]] and the [[Ashford and Tarago Islands]]
|map_caption =        Location of Gallambria including the [[Gallambrian Adlantic Ocean Territory]]
|capital =           Bromwich
|capital =            [[Browmich (Gallambria)|Browmich]]
|official_languages = Anglish, Marenai
|largest_city =      <!--Name of country/territory's largest city. Use "capital" (without quotation marks) if it's the capital.-->
|largest_settlement_type = <!--Type of settlement if largest settlement not a city-->
|largest_settlement = <!--Name of largest settlement-->
|official_languages = [[Anglish]], [[Mārenai]], [[Gallambrian Sign Language|GSL]]
|national_languages = <!--Country/territory-wide languages recognised but not necessarily in country/territory-wide law, etc-->
|regional_languages = <!--Languages recognised or associated with particular regions within the country/territory-->
|languages_type =    <!--Use to specify a further type of language, if not official, national or regional-->
|languages =          <!--Languages of the further type-->
|languages_sub =      <!--Is this further type of language a sub-item of the previous non-sub type? ("yes" or "no")-->
|languages2_type =    <!--Another further type of language-->
|languages2 =        <!--Languages of this second further type-->
|languages2_sub =    <!--Is the second alternative type of languages a sub-item of the previous non-sub type? ("yes" or "no")-->
|ethnic_groups =      <!--List/breakdown of ethnic groups within the country/territory-->
|ethnic_groups_year = <!--Year of ethnic groups data (if provided)-->
|ethnic_groups_ref =  <!--(for any ref/s to associate with ethnic groups data)-->
|religion =          {{Unbulleted list|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|{{#expr:(35664428/57990940)*100 round 1}}% [[Religion on Eurth|Christianity]]
|{{#expr:(14265771/57990940)*100 round 1}}% No Religion
|{{#expr:(4349322/57990940)*100 round 1}}% Other
|{{#expr:(927855/57990940)*100 round 1}}% [[Religion on Eurth|Salam]]
|{{#expr:(695891/57990940)*100 round 1}}% [[Religion on Eurth|Yehudim]]
|{{#expr:(2087673/57990940)*100 round 1}}% No Answer
}}
|religion_year =      2018
|religion_ref =      <!--(for any ref/s to associate with religion data)-->
|demonym =            Gallambrian
|demonym =            Gallambrian
|government_type =    {{wp|Constitutional Monarchy}}
|government_type =    {{wp|Unitary_state|Unitary}} {{wp|Parliamentary system|Parliamentary}} {{wp|Constitutional Monarchy}}
|leader_title1 =      [[Monarchy of the Kingdom of Gallambria|Monarch]]
|leader_title1 =      [[Monarchy of the Kingdom of Gallambria|Monarch]]
|leader_name1 =       [[King Albert II]]
|leader_name1 =       [[Albert II (Gallambria)|King Albert II]]
|leader_title2 =      [[Prime Minister of Gallambria]]
|leader_title2 =      [[Prime Minister of Gallambria|Prime Minister]]
|leader_name2 =      [[Nadia Burnett]]
|leader_name2 =      [[Nadia Burnett (Gallambria)|Nadia Burnett]]
|legislature =        [[Parliament of Gallambria|Parliament]]
|legislature =        [[Parliament of Gallambria|Parliament]]
|upper_house =        [[House of Lords (Gallambria)|House of Lords]]
|upper_house =        [[House of Lords (Gallambria)|House of Lords]]
Line 30: Line 62:
|sovereignty_type =  <!--Brief description of country/territory's status ("Independence [from...]", "Autonomous province [of...]", etc)-->
|sovereignty_type =  <!--Brief description of country/territory's status ("Independence [from...]", "Autonomous province [of...]", etc)-->
|sovereignty_note =  
|sovereignty_note =  
|established_event1 = Colonisation
|established_event1 = <!--First key event in history of country/territory's status or formation-->
|established_date1 =  18 April 1845
|established_date1 =  <!--Date of first key event-->
|established_event2 = Federation
|established_event2 = <!--Second key event-->
|established_date2 =  1 January 1890
|established_date2 =  <!--Date of second key event-->
|established_event3 = Constitution Act
|established_event13 = <!--(up to 13 distinct events may be included)-->
|established_date3 = 17 February 1891
|established_date13 =
|area_rank =
<!--area =              {{convert|506,052|km2|mi2}}-->
|area_km2 =          506,052
|area_sq_mi =        195,387
|area_footnote =      <br/><small>Including islands</small>
|percent_water =     {{#expr:(4205757/4899038)*100 round 1}}%
|area_label =         Total
|population_census = 57,990,940
|population_census = 57,990,940
|population_census_year = 2018
|population_census_year = 2018
|GDP_PPP =                     <!--(Gross Domestic Product from Purchasing Power Parity)-->
|population_density_km2 = {{#expr:(57990940/506052) round 1}}
|GDP_PPP_rank =  
|population_density_sq_mi =  
|GDP_PPP_year =
|population_density_rank =  
|GDP_PPP_per_capita =
|GDP_nominal = £2,985 Billion
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =  
|GDP_nominal_rank = 0
|GDP_nominal = £2,895 Billion
|GDP_nominal_year = 2018
|GDP_nominal_rank =  
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = £49,927  
|GDP_nominal_year =  
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = £49,927
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =  
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =  
|currency =          [[Gallambrian Pound|Pound]]
|Gini =              <!--(Gini measure of income inequality; input number only; valid values are between 0 and 100)-->
|currency_code =      GBP
|Gini_ref =          <!--(for any ref/s to associate with Gini number)-->
|time_zone =          Gallambrian Standard Time
|Gini_rank =
|Gini_year =
|HDI_year =          <!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
|HDI =                <!--(Human Development Index; input number only; valid values are between 0 and 1)-->
|HDI_change =        <!--increase/decrease/steady; rank change from previous year-->
|HDI_rank =
|HDI_ref =            <!--(for any ref/s to associate with HDI number)-->
|currency =          [[Gallambrian Pound]]
|currency_code =      GLP
|time_zone =          [[Time_zones_of_Eurth#UTC_.2B1|GST]]
|utc_offset =        +1
|utc_offset =        +1
|time_zone_DST =      Gallambrian Daylight Saving Time
|time_zone_DST =      [[Time_zones_of_Eurth#UTC_.2B2|GDST]]
|utc_offset_DST =    +2
|utc_offset_DST =    +2
|DST_note =           <!--Optional note regarding DST use-->
|date_format =       {{abbr|dd|day}}/{{abbr|mm|month}}/{{abbr|yyyy|year}}
|drives_on =          Left
|electricity =        [[Mains electricity in Eurth|230 V–50 Hz]]
|drives_on =          left
|cctld =              .gl
|cctld =              .gl
|iso3166code =        GL
|iso3166code =        GL
Line 61: Line 108:
}}
}}


The '''Kingdom of Gallambria''', commonly known as '''Gallambria''', is a sovereign state within [[Europa]].
The '''United Kingdom of Gallambria''', commonly known as '''Gallambria''' or '''Kouratearoa''' in [[Mārenai language|te reo Mārenai]], is a {{wp|sovereign nation|sovereign country}} in [[Marenesia]]. With an area of {{convert|506,052|km2|mi2}}, Gallambria is the largest country by area in [[Marenesia]], and the wurld's [[List_of_countries_on_Eurth_by_area|twelfth-largest country]].
 
[[Mārenai people|Indigenous Gallambrians]] have inhabited the island for approximately 1,700 years. The [[Europan exploration of Gallambria]] commenced in the mid-15th century with the arrival of [[Europa (Continent)|Europan]] explorers during the !{Age of Discovery}. In 1492, Gallambria's eastern coast was claimed by [[Great Anglia]] and initially settled through a mix of voluntary migration and gifted land agreements. Over the following century, the Anglo-Europan population grew steadily and most of the island had been explored and additional colonies were established. During the first half of the 17th Century, a number of wars were fought between the separatist North and the Anglian-backed loyalist South. Following the defeat of the loyalists at the [[Battle of Brecknock (Gallambria)|Battle of Brecknock]] during the [[Second Union War (Gallambria)|Second Union War]], Great Anglia officially recognised terms of secession and independence of the North. Following the passing of the Acts of Union on 12 April 1646, which put into effect the Terms of Union, the former colonies and duchies were united as the ''United Kingdom of Gallambria''. Gallambria has since maintained a stable liberal democratic political system and wealthy market economy.


Gallambria is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance. The monarch, since 11 October 2016, is King Albert II. The capital of Gallambria is Bromwich.
Politically, Gallambria is a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Gallambria's population of nearly 58 million, is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated in the north-east and central south-west. Bromwich is the nation's capital, while the largest cities, are Aberdeen, Thirlmere, Newport and Sutherland. Gallambria's demography has been shaped by centuries of immigration, with immigrants accounting for 11% of the country's population. Gallambria's abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade relations are crucial to the country's economy, which generates its income from various sources including services, banking, maufacturing, agriculture and research.


==Etymology==
Gallambria is a highly developed country with a high-income economy; it has the worlds [x]-largest economy, [x]-highest per capita income and [x]-highest Human Development Index. Gallambria is a regional power, and has the world's [x]-highest military expenditure. Gallambria ranks highly in quality of life, democracy, health, education, economic freedom, civil liberties, safety and political rights. It is a member of international groups including [[Tricontinental Defence Treaty Organisation|TRIDENT]], [[Argic-Thalassan-Alharun Regional Association|ATARA]], [[Group of Island Nations|GIN]], [[Eurth Group of 7|G7]] and the [[Marenesian Forum]].


The 1884 Acts of Union declared that the colonies of Greater Bromwich, Mercia, Cambria and Kingsland were "... formed into one Kingdom by the name of Gallambria". Throughout the act and the Constitution the state is known by its long form, The Kingdom of Gallambria, and its short form, Gallambria.


==History==
<!--
===Pre-Colonial History===
In 1598, [[First Union War (Gallambria)|war]] broke out between the secessionist north, and loyalist south. The Northern Colonies, under the flag of the then First Duke of Caledon, Thomas de Ashkam, sought to secede from Anglia to form a independent nation. The First Union War lasted till Novemenber of 1599, with the North taking control of colonies in the Midlands and Central-West regions. Between 1599 and 1605, a number of skirmishes broke out between the north and south, resulting in more colonies falling to the control of the Separationists. Ashkam died in 1607, where his son Edward de Ashkam inherited the titles and claims of his late father.
===Europan Arrival===


On the 27th of March, 1842, Henry Brownlow, a former Great Burlington Naval Captain, explorer and privateer, landed on the east coast of what was then called "Novae Hiberia", in which he claimed a small portion of land for use as a base for his exploration of Marenesia. He named this portion of land, Kingsland.
In 1609, the Colonial Governors of the North and the Separationist Dukes held a [[Fenworth Conference (Gallambria)|series of meetings]] to determine the terms of secession from Great Anglia which were delivered to King {?} by Edward de Ashkam on the 19 April 1610. During his absence, the conference had met and electected the Duke as the first {{wp|elective monarchy|elected monarch}} of the Kingdom of North Gallambria. His reign as King of North Gallambria lasted forty years, during which, he established Fenworth as the capital and commercial centre of North Gallambria. While the King of Great Anglia and the Governors of the South, did not recognise the Secession of the North, efforts were made by either side to unite the north and the south, and return its control back to the King of Great Anglia. This resulted in 1642, [[Second Union War (Gallambria)|war]] being declared by Anglian-backed loyalist forces against the separatist north.-->


===Founding of Colonies===
==Etymology==
{{anchor|Etymology}}
The name ''Gallambria'' (pronounced {{IPAc-en|g|ɔː|l|.|eɪ|m|.|b|ɹ|i|.|ə}} in Gallambrian-Anglish) is derived from the !Latin ''Galla'' ("Oak Apple"), from when early Europan explorers noticed that oak trees native to the island, were abundant with gallnuts, which they used in early medicine and also in leather tanning.


Before returning to Kingsland, Brownlow returned to Great Burlington to shore up support from fellow separatists to help him establish a number of separatist colonies throughout the island. Over the next 12 years, multitudes of people came to the island and further colonies were established.
{Add history of historical recorded use}
==History==
===Indigenous peoples===
{{main|Prehistory of Gallambria|Mārenai people|l2=Indigenous Gallambrians}}
Human habitation of Gallambrian is known to have ben at least 1,700 years ago, with the migration of people by sea crossings from what is now Marenesia Minor. The oldest human remains found are located at the Te Aroha Burial Grounds, which have been dated to around 450 {{wp|Common Era|CE}}. Researchers suggest that these remains are those of the original Marenesian  settlers. At the time of first Europan contact, most Mārenai were hunter-gathers with complex economies and socieites. Mārenai Gallambrians have a oral culture with spiritual values based on reverence for the sea.


===Battle of Lake Camden===
===From Colonisation to the Treaty of Brecnock===
{{main|Battle of Lake Camden}}


The ''Battle of Lake Camden'' (July 1st - August 3rd, 1861), also known as the First Border War, was an attempted armed incursion of Mercian colonial lands, by the Cambrian Colonial Forces. This incursion was founded in the belief of the Cambrian Side, that Mercia misinterpreted the demarcation of the boundary based on the 1858 Aberdeen Lands Agreement and that the original demarcation markers were tampered with.  
The first recorded Europan sighting of the Gallambrian mainland, and the first recorded Europan landfall on Gallambria, are attributed to the [[Great Anglia|Anglians]]. Early in 1492 Gallambria's eastern coast was charted by Henry Brownlow and in February 1492 he claimed Gallambria for [[Great Anglia]]. Over the following five years, Gallambria was settled by Anglians through voluntary migration, gifted land agreements and forced penal transportation. Over the following century, the Anglo-Europan population grew steadily and most of the island had been explored and additional colonies were established.


===Battle of Whitman's Bluff===
During the second half of the 16th Century, separationist sentiment grew amongst the Colonial Governors and Dukes of the north. This lead to a number of small skirmishes between the separationist north and the loyalist south. In 1598, [[First Union War (Gallambria)|war]] broke out between the north and south. The northern colonies, under the Duke of Caledon, Thomas de Ashkam, sought to secede from Anglia to form an independent nation. The First Union War lasted till November of 1599, with the North taking control of loyalist colonies in the Midlands and Central-West regions. Between 1599 and 1605, a number of smaller skirmishes broke out between the north and south, resulting in further colonies falling to the control of the Separationsts.
{{main|Battle of Whitman's Bluff}}


The ''Battle of Whitman's Bluff'' (November 18th - December 5th, 1881), also known as the Second Border War was a skirmish between Cambrian and Kingsland Colonial Forces, as a result of disputed rights of natural resources located within Whitman's Valley. With a truce entered into by the two colonies, calls were made by heads of all three Colonies for a series of meetings to be held to explore the plausibility of federation.
Following the death of Thomas de Ashkam in 1609, the Governors and Dukes of the north, held a series of [[Fenworth Conference (Gallambria)|meetings]] to determine the terms of secession from Great Anglia which were delivered to King [?] by Edward de Ashkam. During his absence, the conference has met and elected the Duke of Caledon as the first {{wp|elective monarchy|elected monarch}} of the Kingdom of North Gallambria. His reign as King of North Gallambria lasted forty years, during which, he established Fenworth as the capital and commercial centre of North Gallambria. While the King of Great Anglia and the Governors of the South, did not recognise the secession of the North, efforts were made by each side to united the North and the South. This resulted in 1642, [[Second Union War (Gallambria)|war]] being declared by Anglian-backed loyalist forces against North Gallambria.


===Federation Conference of 1882===
Following the defeat of the loyalists at the [[Battle of Brecknock (Gallambria)|Battle of Brecknock]] on 9 July 1643, the loyalists surrendered to North Gallambrian forces, and Great Anglia recognised the terms of secession and independence of North Gallambria. Over the next few years, Great Anglian support, both economic and political, dwindled and the Governors of the South sought union with North Gallambria.


The Federation Conference of 1882 was organised as a result of the Battle of Whitman's Bluff. Various accounts of the calling of the 1882 conference mainly beginning with Paul Carrington, the Premier of Cambria, goading the ailing Brownlow at a luncheon. Brownlow the next day wrote to the premiers of the three colonies pushing for  federation. The Premier of Mercia, William McDermont responded to Brownlow, stating that he would be willing to host the conference in Tamworth.
===From the Acts of Union to the Bashan War===
{{main|Acts of Union (Gallambria)|Bashan War|l1=Acts of Union}}


The Premiers of the three colonies met in Tamworth from January 5th to January 12th, 1882, with the aim of establishing a Federal Council. The purpose of the Federal Council was to provide an instrument for the Premiers to voice concerns and grievances until such times as a Federal Government could be established.  
On 23 July 1645, members of the King's Council along with Governors and Dukes of the South met in Fenworth to draft the terms of Union, which on 12 April 1646 was ratified by both the legislatures of the North as the [[Acts of Union (Gallambria)|Act of Union with South Gallambria]] and the South as the [[Acts of Union (Gallambria)|Act of Union with North Gallambria]], thus forming the United Kingdom of Gallambria. In the Acts of Union, King Edward of the North, was declared ''King of the United Kingdom of Gallambria''.


===Federation Conference of 1888===
In an effort to ensure that royal absolutism would not prevail, the new unified council began its efforts to develop the [[Constitution of Gallambria|Constitution]]. Following its passing into legislation, the Constitution came into force on 2 May 1649. As a result, the Constitution guided the nations development of a constitutional monarcy and parliamentary system.


Following discussions within the Federal Council of further pursuing the federation of the three colonies, the Premiers of the Colonies met in Newport to discuss the final plans for Federation.
With the founding of the Royal Gallambrian Society, science, research and technological advancement was highly encouraged. As a result, over the following 150 years, Gallambria developed as a naval power and it's interest in voyages of discovery. This led to the acquisition and settlement of overseas colonies around the South Adlantic Ocean.  


With Henry Brownlow having passed away the previous year, his son Joseph served as the Conference's chairman. With his father's wishes in mind, he pushed the members of the Federal Council to establish the working mechanisms of the future Federal Government.
From 1832 onwards, Gallambria's focus of exploration shifted to the Near East in order to develop economic and trade ties with Europan nations. On 25 March 1868, during a naval expedition of the East Adlantic Ocean, HMGS King George I was at anchor in the port city of Aroer on the Bashan peninsula. The crew of the King George I were on shore leave when they were captured and massacred by the local Shomrim. When news of the massacre reached other naval vessels in the region, the [[Royal Gallambrian Navy]] launched an offensive on Aroer, resulting in [[Bashan War|conflict]] with the local militas. The war in the Bashan capitulated with the Seige of En Gannim and the surrender of the Yehudim militias on 14 September 1868. The Treaty of Mahanaim resulted in the Gallambrian annexation of the Bashan Peninsula and establishment of the [[Trucial States of the Bashan]] under Gallambrian control.


The document known as the ''McDermott Draft'' outlined the structure and formation of the new Federal Government that would later be adopted:
===Interwar years and the Great Alharun War===
{{main|Great Alharun War}}


* The Brownlow Federation would be described as the Commonwealth of Gallambria
===Postwar 20th Century===
* The are three separate and equal branches - The Legislature, The Executive, and the Judicature.
* The Legislature consists of the House of Representatives and a Senate
* It specified the separation of powers and the divisions of powers between the Federal and State Governments.


===Federation of the Colonies===
===21st Century===


Following the final meeting of the Federal Council in June of 1889, and following further consultation with people of the colonies, amendments were made to the ''McDermott Draft'' with changes including:
==Geography==
===Climate===


* That a Monarchy be established with Joseph Brownlow to be the newly formed country's first Monarch.
==Government and politics==
* The Houses of Parliament be called, The House of Commons (Lower House) and The House of Lords (Upper House).
{{main|Government of Gallambria|Politics of Gallambria}}
Gallambria is a {{wp|unitary state}} under a constitutional monarcy. [[King Albert II (Gallambria)|King Albert II]] is the monarch and head of state of Gallambria. The country has maintained a stabled liberal democratic political system under its constitution, which is one of the wurld's oldest.  


Following the acceptance of these changes to the draft constitution, a constitutional referendum was held throughout the three colonies, with a majority of people voting 'yes' to the constitution.
Gallambria is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. The Parliament of Gallambria is sovereign. It is made up of the House of Commons, House of Lords and the Crown. The main business of Parliament takes places in the two houses, but royal assent is required for a bill to become an Act of Parliament.  


With the Federal Council signing off on the final draft of the constitution, January the 1st, 1890 would be the day that the Federation of the Colonies would come into effect.
For general elections (elections to the House of Commons), Gallambria is divided into 342 [[Gallambrian constituencies|constitutencies]], each of which is represented by a member of Parliament (MP). MPs hold office for upto 4 years and are always up for re-election in general elections. The Liberal Party, Labor Party and the National Party are, respectively, the current first, second and third largest parties (by number of MPs) in the House of Commons.


==Politics and Government==
The [[Prime Minister of Gallambria|prime minister]] is the head of government in Gallambria. The prime minister is appointed by the monarch and their appointment is governed by constitutional conventions. However, they are normally the leader of the political party with the most seats in the House of Commons and hold office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the House of Commons.
{{main|Politics of Gallambria}}


Although Gallambria is a {{wp|constitutional monarchy}}, the King holds wide executive and legislative powers. He serves as Head of State and Commander-in-Chief of the Gallambrian Armed Forces, and appoints the executive branch of the Government, which consists of the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. The current monarch of Gallambria is King Albert II.
The prime minister not only has statutory functions, as other ministers, but is the monarch's principal advisor and it is for them to advise the monarch on the exercise of the royal perogrative in relation to government. In particular, the prime minister recommends the appointment of ministers and chairs the [[Cabinet of Gallambria|cabinet]].


The Parliament is bicameral, consisting of an {{wp|upper house}} (the [[House of Lords (Gallambria)|House of Lords]]) and a {{wp|lower house}} (the [[House of Commons (Gallambria)|House of Commons]]). The Sovereign forms the third component of the legislature (The Crown-in-Parliament). The House of Lords includes two different types of members: The {{wp|Lords Spiritual}}, consisting of the most senior bishops of the [[Church of Gallambria]], and the {{wp|Lords Temporal}}, consisting mainly of {{wp|life peers}}, appointed by the Sovereign on the advice of the Prime Minister, and elected representatives of the hereditary peers.  
===Administrative divisions===
{{main|Administrative geography of Gallambria}}
The geographical division of Gallambria into counties and shires began when the Acts of Union where introduced, when colonies and duchies were reorganised into counties. Administrative arragements were developed separately in each county, with some originating from colonisation.


The House of Commons is a democratically elected chamber with elections held at least every four years. The two Houses meet in separate chambers in the Palace of Woolwich (commonly known as the Houses of Parliament) in Bromwich. By constitutional convention, all government ministers, including the Prime Minister are members of the House of Commons - or, less commonly, the House of Lords - and are thereby accountable to the respective branches of the legislature. Most cabinet ministers tend to be from the Commons, whilst junior members are from both Houses.
===Dependencies===
{{main|Gallambrian Adlantic Overseas Territory|Bashan Protectorate}}
Gallambria has sovereignty over 2 territories which do not form part of the Kingdom of Gallambria itself: [[Gallambrian Adlantic Overseas Territory]] and the [[Bashan Protectorate]].


===Law===
The Gallambrian Adlantic Overseas Territory is a collective of 16 constituent Islands: they are Ara'rua, Kārewa, Ma'erepu, Makei, Mar'raru, Motutapu, Oruwairua, Pukenui, Rakuira, Rangitoto, Raratoka, Takepourewa, Takutea, Taukihepa, Te Puka-Hereka, Whakaari, Wharekauri.
{{main|Law of Gallambria}}


The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Gallambria is the supreme law, and the legal system is based on the principle of civil rights, governed by the code of Civil Law. The Constitution was adopted by an assembly of citizens on 2 October 1890, approved by referendum on 20 November 1890, and came into effect on 17 February 1891. It guarantees a multi-party state, the freedoms of religion, speech and assembly. The Constitution requires public officials to pursue economically, financially, and rationally sound public policy and acknowledges the inviolability of life, the home and possessions.
===Law and criminal justice===
===Foreign relations===
{{main|Foreign relations of Gallambria}}


===Military===
===Military===
{{main|Gallambrian Armed Forces}}
{{main|Gallambrian Armed Forces}}
[[Gallambrian Armed Forces|His Majesty's Armed Forces]] consist of three profession service braches: The Royal Gallambrian Naval Service, consisting of the [[Royal Gallambrian Navy]] and the [[Royal Gallambrian Marines]], the [[Gallambrian Army]], and the [[Royal Gallambrian Air Force]].
The armed forces of Gallambria are managed by the [[Ministry of Defence (Gallambria)|Ministry of Defence]] and controlled by the [[Defence Council (Gallambria)|Defence Council]], chaired by the Secretary of State for Defence. The {{wp|Commander-in-Chief}} is the [[Monarchy of Gallambria|Gallambrian monarch]], to whom members of the armed
forces swear an oath of allegiance. The Armed Forces are charges with protecting Gallambria and its overseas territories, promoting Gallambrian interests overseas and supporting regional and international stability efforts. They are active and regular participants in [[Tricontinental_Defence_Treaty_Organisation|TRIDENT]], including the [[Allied Rapid Reaction Force (TRIDENT)|Allied Rapid Reaction Force]], the (TBD Defence Arrangement), [[Rim of the Adlantic Exercise (Eurth)|RIMAD]], and other worldwide coalition operations. Overseas garrisons and facilities are maintained in [[Iverica]], [[Seylos]], and [[Bashan Protectorate|Bashan]].


The armed forces of Gallambria - officially, [[Gallambrian Armed Forces|His Majesty's Armed Forces]] - consists of three professional service branches: the [[Royal Gallambrian Navy]], the [[Gallambrian Army]] and the [[Royal Gallambrian Air Force]]. The forces are managed by the Ministry of Defence and controlled by the Defence Council, chaired by the Minister for Defence. The {{wp|Commander-in-Chief}} is the [[Monarch of Gallambria|Gallambrian Monarch]], to whom members of the forces swear an oath of allegiance.
The Gallambrian armed forces played a key role in establishing Gallambria as a dominant regional power in the mid-20th century. By emerging victorious from conflicts, Gallambria has often been able to decisively influence world events. Since the beginning of the 21st century, Gallambria has remained a major military power. Following the end of the [[Great Alharun War]], defence policy has a stated assumption that "the most demanding operations" will happen within Gallambria's sphere of influence and will require the cooperation of established alliances.


The Armed Forces are charged with protecting Gallambrian and its overseas territories, promoting Gallambria's global security interests and supporting international peacekeeping efforts.
==Economy==
===Overview===
===Science and teechnology===
===Transport===
===Energy===
===Water supply and sanitation===
==Demographics==
Gallambria has an average {{wp|population density}} of 114.6 persons per square kilometre of total land area. The population is heavily concentrated on the east coast.


According to various sources, including the Nowy Institute and the Gallambrian National University's Strategy and Security Institute, Gallambria has the sixth-largest military expenditure in the Region with its total defence spending at 1.5% of the national GDP.
A {{wp|census}} is taken in Gallambria every 5 years. in the 2018 census the total population was 57,990,940. It is the largest in [[Marenesia]], and the 18th-largest in the wurld. Between 2009 and 2019 the population increased by an average annual rate of 0.9 per cent. This compares to 0.5 per cent per year in the period 1999 to 2009 and 0.19 per cent in the decade 1989 to 1999.


===States and territories===
{{Largest Urban areas of Gallambria}}
{{main|States and territories of Gallambria}}


Gallambrian has three states - [[Cambria (Gallambria)|Cambria]] (CMB), [[Mercia (Gallambria)|Mercia]] (MRC) and [[Kingsland (Gallambria)|Kingsland]] (KLD) - and one mainland territory - the [[Gallambrian Capital Territory]] (GCT). In most respects the GCT functions as a state, except that the Federal Parliament has the power to modify or repeal any legislation passed by its parliament.
===Ethnicity and migration===


Each state and the GCT has its own parliament. The states are sovereign entities, although subject to certain powers of the Federation as defined by the Constitution. The lower houses are known as the Legislative Assembly; the upper houses are known as the Legislative Council. The head of the government in each state is the Premier and in the GCT, the Chief Minister. The King is represented in each state by a Governor; and in the Gallambrian Capital Territory, the Administrator.


The external territories of [[Ashford & Tarago Islands]] and the [[Gallambrian Adlantic Ocean Territories]] exercise the same level of sovereignty as the mainland states and territory. The King is also represented by a Governor to each of the territories.
===Language===
Anglish is the predominant language in Gallambria, spoken by 96.2% of the population. Gallambrian Anglish is similar to Standard Anglish.


==Economy==
After the [[Great Alharun War]], Mārenai were discouraged from speaking their own language (te reo Mārenai) in schools and workplaces, and it existed as a community language only in a few remote areas. It has recently undergone a process of revitalisation, being declared one of Gallambria's official languages in 2019, and is spoken by 6.8% of the population. There are now Mārenai language-immersion schools and various media outlets that broadcast predominantly in Mārenai.
{{main|Economy of Gallambria}}


Gallambria is a wealthy country; it generates its income from various sources including defence, aerospace and automotive-related exports, commodities, agriculture and tourism. It has a market economy, a relatively moderate GDP per capita, and a relatively low rate of poverty. The Gallambrian Pound is the currency for the nation, including Gallambria's external territories. In 2017, Gallambria had the sixth highest per capita GDP (nominal) at NS$49,927. The country is ranked second in the Region's 2017 {{wp|Human Development Index}}.  
===Religion===
Forms of Christianity have dominated religous life in Gallambria for over 400 years. Although the majority of citizens still identify with Christianity in many surveys, regular church attendance has fallen dramatically since the middle of the 20th century, while immigration and demographic change have contributed to the growth of other faiths, most notably Salam. This has led some commentators to variously describe Gallambria as a multi-faith, secularised, or post-Christian society.


An emphasis on exporting commodities rather than manufactured goods has underpinned a significant increase in Gallambria's terms of trade since the start of the 21st Century, due to rising commodity prices.
In the 2018 census, 51.9% of respondent identified with one or more religions, including 58.4% identifying as Christians. Another 36.3% indicated that they had no religion. Of those who affiliate with a particular Christian denomination, the main responses were [[Anglianism]] (25.7%), [[Catholic_Church_(Eurth)|Catholicism]] (12.6%), and other Protestant denominations (19.9%). The Mārenai-based Wirangi religion (1.2%) is also Christian in origin. Immigration and demographic change in recent decades have contributed to the growth of minority relgions, such as Salam (1.2%) and Yehudah (0.9%). The Greater Bromwich Region exhibited the greatest cultural diversity.


==Demographics==
===Ethnic Groups===
===Languages===
===Religion===
===Migration===
===Education===
===Education===
===Healthcare===
Primary and Secondary schooling is compulsory for children aged 6 to 16, with the majority attending from the age of 5. There are 13 school years and attending state (public) schools is free to Gallambrian citizens and permanent residents from a person's 5th birthday to the end of the calendar year following their 19th birthday.
 
Gallambria has an adult literacy rate of 98%, and over half of the population aged 15 to 29 hold a tertiary education. There are four types of government-owned tertiary institutions: universities, colleges of education, polytechnics, and specialists colleges.
 
===Health===
 
==Culture==


{{Europa}}
[[Category:Gallambria]]
[[Category: Europa]]
{{Eurth}}
[[Category: Countries]]
[[Category: Gallambria]]

Latest revision as of 16:49, 15 July 2023

Kingdom of Gallambria
Kouratearoa
National Flag of Gallambria
Flag
Royal Coat of Arms of Gallambria
Royal Coat of Arms
Motto: "Tini Whetu, e Iti Te Poleao"
The stars are many, but a little black cloud hides them
Anthem: "God Defend our Gracious King"
Location of Gallambria including the Gallambrian Adlantic Ocean Territory
Location of Gallambria including the Gallambrian Adlantic Ocean Territory
LocationMarenesia
CapitalBrowmich
Official languagesAnglish, Mārenai, GSL
Religion
(2018)
Demonym(s)Gallambrian
GovernmentUnitary Parliamentary Constitutional Monarchy
• Monarch
King Albert II
Nadia Burnett
LegislatureParliament
House of Lords
House of Commons
Area
• Total
506,052 km2 (195,388 sq mi)
Including islands
• Water (%)
85.8%
Population
• 2018 census
57,990,940
• Density
114.6/km2 (296.8/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)2018 estimate
• Total
£2,985 Billion (0)
• Per capita
£49,927
CurrencyGallambrian Pound (GLP)
Time zoneUTC+1 (GST)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (GDST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+463
ISO 3166 codeGL
Internet TLD.gl

The United Kingdom of Gallambria, commonly known as Gallambria or Kouratearoa in te reo Mārenai, is a sovereign country in Marenesia. With an area of 506,052 square kilometres (195,388 sq mi), Gallambria is the largest country by area in Marenesia, and the wurld's twelfth-largest country.

Indigenous Gallambrians have inhabited the island for approximately 1,700 years. The Europan exploration of Gallambria commenced in the mid-15th century with the arrival of Europan explorers during the !{Age of Discovery}. In 1492, Gallambria's eastern coast was claimed by Great Anglia and initially settled through a mix of voluntary migration and gifted land agreements. Over the following century, the Anglo-Europan population grew steadily and most of the island had been explored and additional colonies were established. During the first half of the 17th Century, a number of wars were fought between the separatist North and the Anglian-backed loyalist South. Following the defeat of the loyalists at the Battle of Brecknock during the Second Union War, Great Anglia officially recognised terms of secession and independence of the North. Following the passing of the Acts of Union on 12 April 1646, which put into effect the Terms of Union, the former colonies and duchies were united as the United Kingdom of Gallambria. Gallambria has since maintained a stable liberal democratic political system and wealthy market economy.

Politically, Gallambria is a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Gallambria's population of nearly 58 million, is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated in the north-east and central south-west. Bromwich is the nation's capital, while the largest cities, are Aberdeen, Thirlmere, Newport and Sutherland. Gallambria's demography has been shaped by centuries of immigration, with immigrants accounting for 11% of the country's population. Gallambria's abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade relations are crucial to the country's economy, which generates its income from various sources including services, banking, maufacturing, agriculture and research.

Gallambria is a highly developed country with a high-income economy; it has the worlds [x]-largest economy, [x]-highest per capita income and [x]-highest Human Development Index. Gallambria is a regional power, and has the world's [x]-highest military expenditure. Gallambria ranks highly in quality of life, democracy, health, education, economic freedom, civil liberties, safety and political rights. It is a member of international groups including TRIDENT, ATARA, GIN, G7 and the Marenesian Forum.


Etymology

The name Gallambria (pronounced /ɡɔːl.m.bri.ə/ in Gallambrian-Anglish) is derived from the !Latin Galla ("Oak Apple"), from when early Europan explorers noticed that oak trees native to the island, were abundant with gallnuts, which they used in early medicine and also in leather tanning.

{Add history of historical recorded use}

History

Indigenous peoples

Human habitation of Gallambrian is known to have ben at least 1,700 years ago, with the migration of people by sea crossings from what is now Marenesia Minor. The oldest human remains found are located at the Te Aroha Burial Grounds, which have been dated to around 450 CE. Researchers suggest that these remains are those of the original Marenesian settlers. At the time of first Europan contact, most Mārenai were hunter-gathers with complex economies and socieites. Mārenai Gallambrians have a oral culture with spiritual values based on reverence for the sea.

From Colonisation to the Treaty of Brecnock

The first recorded Europan sighting of the Gallambrian mainland, and the first recorded Europan landfall on Gallambria, are attributed to the Anglians. Early in 1492 Gallambria's eastern coast was charted by Henry Brownlow and in February 1492 he claimed Gallambria for Great Anglia. Over the following five years, Gallambria was settled by Anglians through voluntary migration, gifted land agreements and forced penal transportation. Over the following century, the Anglo-Europan population grew steadily and most of the island had been explored and additional colonies were established.

During the second half of the 16th Century, separationist sentiment grew amongst the Colonial Governors and Dukes of the north. This lead to a number of small skirmishes between the separationist north and the loyalist south. In 1598, war broke out between the north and south. The northern colonies, under the Duke of Caledon, Thomas de Ashkam, sought to secede from Anglia to form an independent nation. The First Union War lasted till November of 1599, with the North taking control of loyalist colonies in the Midlands and Central-West regions. Between 1599 and 1605, a number of smaller skirmishes broke out between the north and south, resulting in further colonies falling to the control of the Separationsts.

Following the death of Thomas de Ashkam in 1609, the Governors and Dukes of the north, held a series of meetings to determine the terms of secession from Great Anglia which were delivered to King [?] by Edward de Ashkam. During his absence, the conference has met and elected the Duke of Caledon as the first elected monarch of the Kingdom of North Gallambria. His reign as King of North Gallambria lasted forty years, during which, he established Fenworth as the capital and commercial centre of North Gallambria. While the King of Great Anglia and the Governors of the South, did not recognise the secession of the North, efforts were made by each side to united the North and the South. This resulted in 1642, war being declared by Anglian-backed loyalist forces against North Gallambria.

Following the defeat of the loyalists at the Battle of Brecknock on 9 July 1643, the loyalists surrendered to North Gallambrian forces, and Great Anglia recognised the terms of secession and independence of North Gallambria. Over the next few years, Great Anglian support, both economic and political, dwindled and the Governors of the South sought union with North Gallambria.

From the Acts of Union to the Bashan War

On 23 July 1645, members of the King's Council along with Governors and Dukes of the South met in Fenworth to draft the terms of Union, which on 12 April 1646 was ratified by both the legislatures of the North as the Act of Union with South Gallambria and the South as the Act of Union with North Gallambria, thus forming the United Kingdom of Gallambria. In the Acts of Union, King Edward of the North, was declared King of the United Kingdom of Gallambria.

In an effort to ensure that royal absolutism would not prevail, the new unified council began its efforts to develop the Constitution. Following its passing into legislation, the Constitution came into force on 2 May 1649. As a result, the Constitution guided the nations development of a constitutional monarcy and parliamentary system.

With the founding of the Royal Gallambrian Society, science, research and technological advancement was highly encouraged. As a result, over the following 150 years, Gallambria developed as a naval power and it's interest in voyages of discovery. This led to the acquisition and settlement of overseas colonies around the South Adlantic Ocean.

From 1832 onwards, Gallambria's focus of exploration shifted to the Near East in order to develop economic and trade ties with Europan nations. On 25 March 1868, during a naval expedition of the East Adlantic Ocean, HMGS King George I was at anchor in the port city of Aroer on the Bashan peninsula. The crew of the King George I were on shore leave when they were captured and massacred by the local Shomrim. When news of the massacre reached other naval vessels in the region, the Royal Gallambrian Navy launched an offensive on Aroer, resulting in conflict with the local militas. The war in the Bashan capitulated with the Seige of En Gannim and the surrender of the Yehudim militias on 14 September 1868. The Treaty of Mahanaim resulted in the Gallambrian annexation of the Bashan Peninsula and establishment of the Trucial States of the Bashan under Gallambrian control.

Interwar years and the Great Alharun War

Postwar 20th Century

21st Century

Geography

Climate

Government and politics

Gallambria is a unitary state under a constitutional monarcy. King Albert II is the monarch and head of state of Gallambria. The country has maintained a stabled liberal democratic political system under its constitution, which is one of the wurld's oldest.

Gallambria is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. The Parliament of Gallambria is sovereign. It is made up of the House of Commons, House of Lords and the Crown. The main business of Parliament takes places in the two houses, but royal assent is required for a bill to become an Act of Parliament.

For general elections (elections to the House of Commons), Gallambria is divided into 342 constitutencies, each of which is represented by a member of Parliament (MP). MPs hold office for upto 4 years and are always up for re-election in general elections. The Liberal Party, Labor Party and the National Party are, respectively, the current first, second and third largest parties (by number of MPs) in the House of Commons.

The prime minister is the head of government in Gallambria. The prime minister is appointed by the monarch and their appointment is governed by constitutional conventions. However, they are normally the leader of the political party with the most seats in the House of Commons and hold office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the House of Commons.

The prime minister not only has statutory functions, as other ministers, but is the monarch's principal advisor and it is for them to advise the monarch on the exercise of the royal perogrative in relation to government. In particular, the prime minister recommends the appointment of ministers and chairs the cabinet.

Administrative divisions

The geographical division of Gallambria into counties and shires began when the Acts of Union where introduced, when colonies and duchies were reorganised into counties. Administrative arragements were developed separately in each county, with some originating from colonisation.

Dependencies

Gallambria has sovereignty over 2 territories which do not form part of the Kingdom of Gallambria itself: Gallambrian Adlantic Overseas Territory and the Bashan Protectorate.

The Gallambrian Adlantic Overseas Territory is a collective of 16 constituent Islands: they are Ara'rua, Kārewa, Ma'erepu, Makei, Mar'raru, Motutapu, Oruwairua, Pukenui, Rakuira, Rangitoto, Raratoka, Takepourewa, Takutea, Taukihepa, Te Puka-Hereka, Whakaari, Wharekauri.

Law and criminal justice

Foreign relations

Military

His Majesty's Armed Forces consist of three profession service braches: The Royal Gallambrian Naval Service, consisting of the Royal Gallambrian Navy and the Royal Gallambrian Marines, the Gallambrian Army, and the Royal Gallambrian Air Force. The armed forces of Gallambria are managed by the Ministry of Defence and controlled by the Defence Council, chaired by the Secretary of State for Defence. The Commander-in-Chief is the Gallambrian monarch, to whom members of the armed forces swear an oath of allegiance. The Armed Forces are charges with protecting Gallambria and its overseas territories, promoting Gallambrian interests overseas and supporting regional and international stability efforts. They are active and regular participants in TRIDENT, including the Allied Rapid Reaction Force, the (TBD Defence Arrangement), RIMAD, and other worldwide coalition operations. Overseas garrisons and facilities are maintained in Iverica, Seylos, and Bashan.

The Gallambrian armed forces played a key role in establishing Gallambria as a dominant regional power in the mid-20th century. By emerging victorious from conflicts, Gallambria has often been able to decisively influence world events. Since the beginning of the 21st century, Gallambria has remained a major military power. Following the end of the Great Alharun War, defence policy has a stated assumption that "the most demanding operations" will happen within Gallambria's sphere of influence and will require the cooperation of established alliances.

Economy

Overview

Science and teechnology

Transport

Energy

Water supply and sanitation

Demographics

Gallambria has an average population density of 114.6 persons per square kilometre of total land area. The population is heavily concentrated on the east coast.

A census is taken in Gallambria every 5 years. in the 2018 census the total population was 57,990,940. It is the largest in Marenesia, and the 18th-largest in the wurld. Between 2009 and 2019 the population increased by an average annual rate of 0.9 per cent. This compares to 0.5 per cent per year in the period 1999 to 2009 and 0.19 per cent in the decade 1989 to 1999.

Ethnicity and migration

Language

Anglish is the predominant language in Gallambria, spoken by 96.2% of the population. Gallambrian Anglish is similar to Standard Anglish.

After the Great Alharun War, Mārenai were discouraged from speaking their own language (te reo Mārenai) in schools and workplaces, and it existed as a community language only in a few remote areas. It has recently undergone a process of revitalisation, being declared one of Gallambria's official languages in 2019, and is spoken by 6.8% of the population. There are now Mārenai language-immersion schools and various media outlets that broadcast predominantly in Mārenai.

Religion

Forms of Christianity have dominated religous life in Gallambria for over 400 years. Although the majority of citizens still identify with Christianity in many surveys, regular church attendance has fallen dramatically since the middle of the 20th century, while immigration and demographic change have contributed to the growth of other faiths, most notably Salam. This has led some commentators to variously describe Gallambria as a multi-faith, secularised, or post-Christian society.

In the 2018 census, 51.9% of respondent identified with one or more religions, including 58.4% identifying as Christians. Another 36.3% indicated that they had no religion. Of those who affiliate with a particular Christian denomination, the main responses were Anglianism (25.7%), Catholicism (12.6%), and other Protestant denominations (19.9%). The Mārenai-based Wirangi religion (1.2%) is also Christian in origin. Immigration and demographic change in recent decades have contributed to the growth of minority relgions, such as Salam (1.2%) and Yehudah (0.9%). The Greater Bromwich Region exhibited the greatest cultural diversity.

Education

Primary and Secondary schooling is compulsory for children aged 6 to 16, with the majority attending from the age of 5. There are 13 school years and attending state (public) schools is free to Gallambrian citizens and permanent residents from a person's 5th birthday to the end of the calendar year following their 19th birthday.

Gallambria has an adult literacy rate of 98%, and over half of the population aged 15 to 29 hold a tertiary education. There are four types of government-owned tertiary institutions: universities, colleges of education, polytechnics, and specialists colleges.

Health

Culture