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The '''Crimean National Worker's Union''' was the ruling communist party of Crimea from 1948 to 1956. it gave ideological endorsement to a communist revolution to overthrow the Kingdom of Crimea. The CNWU was a minor and illegal grouping for much of the interwar period, and submitted to direct Comintern control. During the 1930s, most of its activists were imprisoned or took refuge in the Soviet Union, which led to the creation of separate and competing factions until the 1950s. The CNWU emerged as a powerful actor on the Crimean political scene in August 1944, when it became involved in the Second Crimean Civil War. the PCR was able to force the Great Khan Bayğötdin I into exile, and establish undisguised Communist rule in 1948.

The PCR coordinated several organizations during its existence, including the Union of the Worker's Youth, and organized training for its cadres at the Khazretgali Medetsky Academy. In addition to Scînteia, its official platform and main newspaper between 1931 and 1989, the CNWU issued several local and national publications at various points in its history