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{{Infobox country
#REDIRECT [[Desenan Republic]]
|conventional_long_name = Desenan Republic
|native_name = ''Rĕpublica Dasene'' {{nobold|{{resize|81%| (Desenan)}}}}
|common_name = Desena
| name = {{collapsible list
|titlestyle                  = background:transparent;line-height:normal;font-size:81%;
|title                      =
* {{wp|French language|French}}: ''République Desine''
* [[Montecaran language|Montecaran]]: ''Repùblica Desenà''
* {{wp|Spanish language|Namerian}}: ''República Desenana''}}
|status =            <!--Status of country, especially useful for micronations-->
|image_flag = Flag of Desena.png
|alt_flag =          <!--alt text for flag (text shown when pointer hovers over flag)-->
|flag_border =        <!--set to no to disable border around the flag-->
|flag_footnote =      <!--optional reference or footnote for the flag caption-->
|image_flag2 =        <!--e.g. Second-flag of country.svg-->
|alt_flag2 =          <!--alt text for second flag-->
|flag2_border =      <!--set to no to disable border around the flag-->
|image_coat = Coat of Arms of Desena.png
|alt_coat =          <!--alt text for coat of arms-->
|symbol_type = Coat of Arms
|symbol_footnote =    <!--optional reference or footnote for the symbol caption-->
|national_motto =
|englishmotto =      <!--English language version of motto-->
|national_anthem = "Dasena, nostru Dasena" {{resize|81%|(Desenan)}}<br/>{{smaller|"Desena, our Desena"}}
|royal_anthem =      <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists-->
|other_symbol_type =
|other_symbol =
|image_map =
|loctext =
|alt_map =            <!--alt text for map-->
|map_caption =        <!--Caption to place below map-->
|image_map2 =        <!--Another map, if required-->
|alt_map2 =          <!--alt text for second map-->
|map_caption2 =      <!--Caption to place below second map-->
|capital = [[Desena (city)|Desena]]<br/>[[File:WMA button2b.png|17px|link=]] {{smaller|{{color|#0645ad|28°11′N 77°14′W}}}}
|capital2 =          <!--Name of country/territory's capital, wikilinked if link exists-->
|coordinates =        <!-- Coordinates for capital, using {{tl|coord}} -->
|largest_city = capital
|largest_settlement_type = largest city
|largest_settlement = <!--Name of largest settlement-->
|official_languages = {{wpl|Romanian language|Desenan}}
|national_languages = <!--Country/territory-wide languages recognised but not necessarily in country/territory-wide law, etc-->
|regional_languages = {{wp|French language|French}}<br>[[Montecaran language|Montecaran]]<br>{{wp|Spanish language|Namerian}}
|ethnic_groups = {{ubl|88.4% Desenans|11.6% Others}}
|ethnic_groups_year = <!--Year of ethnic groups data (if provided) or use to place a <ref>-->
|religion = [[Saturnism]]
|demonym = Desenan
|government_type = {{wpl|Parliamentary system|Parliamentary}} {{wpl|crowned republic}}<br>{{wp|Federacy}}
|leader_title1 = Doge
|leader_name1 = Emil II
|leader_title2 = Prime Minister
|leader_name2 = Alexandru Scorza
|leader_title3 = President of the Senate
|leader_name3 = Ilaria Avram
|leader_title4 = President of the National Assembly
|leader_name4 = Dominic Tănase
|legislature = Parliament
|upper_house = Senate
|lower_house = National Assembly
|sovereignty_type = History
|sovereignty_note =
|established_event1 = Established
|established_date1 = 914
|established_event2 = Turian League
|established_date2 = 1371–1465
|established_event3 = Instrument of Government signed
|established_date3 = 28 August 1820
|established_event4 = Treaty of Valcele
|established_date4 = 21 February 1923
|established_event5 = May Coup
|established_date5 = 18 May 1945
|established_event6 = Democratization
|established_date6 = 10 January 1990
|area_rank =
|area_magnitude =
|area =              <!--Major area size (in [[Template:convert]] either km2 or sqmi first)-->
|area_km2 = 118736
|area_sq_mi =        <!--Area in square mi (requires area_km2)-->
|area_footnote =      <!--Optional footnote for area-->
|percent_water = 4.37%
|area_label = Total
|area_label2 =        <!--Label below area_label (optional)-->
|area_data2 =        <!--Text after area_label2 (optional)-->
|population_estimate = 5,626,461
|population_estimate_rank =
|population_estimate_year = 2017
|population_census =
|population_census_year =
|population_density_km2 = 47.39
|population_density_sq_mi =
|population_density_rank =
|GDP_PPP = NSD 209.79 billion
|GDP_PPP_rank =
|GDP_PPP_year = 2018
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = NSD 37,287
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
|GDP_nominal = NSD 187.34 billion
|GDP_nominal_rank =
|GDP_nominal_year = 2018
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = NSD 33,297
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
|Gini = 36.1
|Gini_change = steady
|Gini_ref =                    <!--(for any ref/s to associate with Gini number)-->
|Gini_rank =
|Gini_year =
|HDI_year =          <!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
|HDI = 0.884
|HDI_change = increase
|HDI_rank =
|HDI_ref =            <!--(for any ref/s to associate with HDI number)-->
|currency = Desenan lira (DSL)
|currency_code =      <!--ISO 4217 code/s for currency/ies (each usually three capital letters)-->
|time_zone = East Conitian Time ([[Time zones in Esquarium|ST]]−5)
|utc_offset =        <!--in the form "+N", where N is number of hours offset-->
|time_zone_DST =      <!--Link to DST (Daylight Saving Time) used, otherwise leave empty-->
|utc_offset_DST =    <!--in the form "+N", where N is number of hours offset-->
|DST_note =          <!--Optional note regarding DST use-->
|antipodes =          <!--Place/s exactly on the opposite side of the world to country/territory-->
|date_format = dd/mm/yyyy
|drives_on = right
|cctld = .ds
|iso3166code = DS
|calling_code = [[Country codes in Esquarium|+40]]
|image_map3 =        <!--Optional third map position, e.g. for use with reference to footnotes below it-->
|alt_map3 =          <!--alt text for third map position-->
}}
 
'''Desena''' ({{IPAc-en|'|d|ɛ|s|ɛ|n|ə}}; {{wpl|Eastern Romance languages|Desenan}}: ''Dasena''), officially the '''Desenan Republic''' (Desenan: ''Rĕpublica Dasene'') and traditionally referred to as the '''Most Serene Republic of Desena''' (Desenan: ''Seninisĕma Rĕpublica de Dasena''), is a country in [[Esquarium]]. Desena has a total population of approximately 5.6 million people, more than 1.2 million of whom live in the {{wpl|metropolitan area}} surrounding the city of Desena, the nation's capital and namesake. In total, the country covers an area of 118,736 square kilometers and is organized into five regions, four provincial cities, seventeen provinces, and three autonomous provinces. The Desenan Republic is the last remaining {{wpl|crowned republic}} in Esquarium and one of its oldest surviving countries.
 
The area of modern Desena was been inhabited by early Carpathians since at least 600 BCE. Proto-Desenans likely emerged from them during the {{wpl|iron age}} and often came into conflict with migrating peoples from Northern Nordania. They were conquered by the {{wpl|Roman Republic|Latin Republic}} in the first century AD along with the other cultures of the region. Latin control over the area dwindled during the {{wpl|Late Antiquity}}, leading to the rise of a number of smaller states during the Early Middle Ages, including the city-state of Desena. In 1371 the Turian League was formed by a number of merchant guilds and cities led by Desena to control maritime trade in Eastern Nordania. During the 15th century Desenan dominance over the league became effectively absolute as smaller members were absorbed into the growing network of Desenan colonies, while cities that could resist Desenan influence left the league. The republic flourished during the {{wpl|Renaissance}}, widely considered the "golden age" of Desena, which reached its greatest territorial extent in Conitia in 1718. Desena expanded its overseas territories worldwide during the {{wpl|Age of Discovery}} but ultimately lost most of its influence with the rise of oceanic trade and colonialism. Over the course of the 19th century the power of the dogeship gradually declined as democratic and liberal reforms were introduced. In 1945 the last of Doge's powers were stripped as the Assembly of the Republic became a rubber stamp for the Syndicalist Party of Desena, which outlawed all other political parties and nationalized the Desenan trade guilds in the establishment of a command economy. Following several years of social unrest and demonstrations against the government, the Syndicalist party peacefully relinquished control over the country in 1990.
 
Today the Desenan Republic is widely considered a regional {{wpl|middle power}} and {{wpl|representative democracy}} with a {{wpl|parliamentary system}} of government. It is a {{wpl|developed country}} with a high {{wpl|human development index|standard of living}} and an {{wpl|developed market|advanced economy}} with steadily increasing economic growth. Desena performs well in many {{wpl|international rankings}} of {{wpl|education}}, {{wpl|health care}}, {{wpl|International Innovation Index|innovation}}, and {{wpl|civil liberties}}. An extensive system of {{wpl|social protection}} provides Desenans with {{wpl|universal health care}}, {{wpl|higher education|tertiary education}}, and access to a number of {{wpl|Social protection#Social assistance|social assistance programs}}. Desena is a member of many {{wpl|intergovernmental organizations}}, including the [[International League]], [[Central Ocean Basin Alliance]], and [[Latin Union]], and is an observer of the [[Esquarian Community]] and member of its [[Esquarian Common Market]].
 
==History==
===Early History===
===Antiquity===
===Middle Ages===
===Renaissance and the Enlightenment===
===Early modern period===
===Contemporary history===
==Geography==
[[File:LocationDesena.jpg|400px|thumb|right|Location map of Desena]] Desena is located in southeastern [[Conitia]] between latitudes 10° and 24° N and longitudes 46° and 56° W, almost entirely within the {{wpl|tropics}}, or "torrid zone." It is bordered by [[Nameria]] to the northwest, [[Ordennya]] to the southwest, and [[Montecara]] to the east. The country is made up of five [[Regions of Desena|regions]] that run along the western coastline of the [[Nerean Sea|Desenan Sea]]. The northernmost of these is the Desenan {{wpl|mainland}}, historically referred to as the ''Domini di Terraferma'' ("Mainland Domains") and in modern times as Metropolitan Desena. The [[Desena (city)|city of Desena]] is located on the northern end of Victoria Bay at the mouth of the [[Suran River]]. The other four territories, collectively referred to as Maritime Desena or the ''Domini da Màr'' ("Domains of the Sea"), are, in order of descending latitude, Bredas, Caresus, the Valeni Islands, and Ondor.
 
Desena has a total area of 118,736 km<sup>2</sup> (45,844 sq mi), of which 113,548 km<sup>2</sup> (43,841 sq mi) is land, the remainder consisting of Desena's {{wpl|territorial waters}}. Desena's {{wpl|Exclusive economic zone}} (EEZ) covers an area of 268,102 km<sup>2</sup> (103,515 sq mi) and is the largest in the Desenan Sea. Metropolitan Desena covers an area of 66,846 km<sup>2</sup>, approximately 56% of Desena's total surface area. The remaining 51,890 km<sup>2</sup> are the land territories and islands of Maritime Desena.
 
[[File:Balcones (6701324325).jpg|240px|thumbnail|right|Desenan Karst in northern Sercaia]] The northern area of Metropolitan Desena lies in the outer regions of the Ardes and contains the country's most rugged and mountainous terrain. Roughly 50 km from the border with Nameria is Mount Corund, the highest mountain in Desena, with a peak elevation of 4,458 m (14,626 ft) above sea level. Also in the region is Mount Valari (Desenan: ''Muntele Vălări''), Desena's only active volcano, situated directly adjacent to Lake Sibel (Desenan: ''Lacul Sibiul''), the largest lake in Desena by both surface area and volume. To the south the {{wp|Karst geography|Desenan Karst}} forms a band covering most of central Metropolitan Desena. The topography of this area is the result of acidic rain easily dissolving bedrock to form jagged landscapes and vast underground {{wp|cave system}}s which have become widely associated with Desena. Towards the coast the terrain gradually develops into smoother coastal plains that cover most of the remainder of Metropolitan Desena.
 
The terrain of Bredas is covered mostly by forested {{wp|Hügelland|hill country}} and grassland. In contrast, Caresus is Desena's other major mountainous region, with the [[Posari Mountains]] covering almost the entirety of the land territory on the Conitian mainland. The Valeni Islands are Desena's largest island chain, and Ondor is its southernmost territory.
 
Earthquakes close enough in proximity to affect Desena are uncommon, the most intense in recent history being the 6.1 M<sub>w</sub> [[2011 Iteşti earthquake]].
 
===Climate===
Most of Desena is classified as having a {{wpl|humid subtropical climate}}, Cfa in the {{wpl|Köppen climate classification}}. These areas have a hot summer and warm winter, and receive steady amounts of rain year-round. Sizeable regions of subtropical highland are found in northern Desena and inland Caresus. They experience somewhat more mild temperatures but roughly the same amount of precipitation. Small portions of tropical savanna and {{wpl|tropical rainforest}} climate zones are also found on the isles of Caresus and the Valeni Islands.
 
Annual precipitation along the coast of Metropolitan Desena averages around 1,200 mm (47.2 inches). The farthest inland regions receive about 800 mm (47.2 inches). {{wpl|Tropical cyclone}}s generally make landfall from summer through autumn. Due to the relatively small space for them to form in the Lazarene Sea, they are usually not as intense as tropical cyclones formed in other parts of the world. Even in the colder interior, it is rare for temperatures to drop lower than 15 °C (59 °F). During the hottest part of the year average daytime temperatures of around 30 °C (86 °F) are common throughout Desena. The city of Desena experiences several instances of daily peak temperatures exceeding 40 °C (104 °F) a year, which in proper conditions can result in {{wpl|apparent temperature}}s approaching 50 °C (122 °F).
 
===Biodiversity and environment===
{{Clear}}
<gallery mode=packed>
File:Stellula calliope.jpg|{{wpl|Hummingbird|Calliope}}
File:Deer - Woburn Deer Park August 2009 (3782179039).jpg|{{wpl|Père David's deer|Milu deer}}
File:Kaiseradler Aquila heliaca 3 amk.jpg|{{wpl|Eastern imperial eagle|Imperial eagle}}
File:Leopard And A Glass Cage.jpg|{{wpl|Leopard|Conitian leopard}}
File:Crocodylus acutus mexico 02-edit1.jpg|{{wpl|American crocodile|Crocodile}}
File:Python natalensis baby Koedoesdraai1.33aspect.jpg|{{wpl|Copper Boa}}
File:Tursiops truncatus 01-cropped.jpg|{{wpl|Bottlenose Dolphin}}
File:TurmusIsrael.JPG|{{wpl|Lupinus|Silver Lupin}}
File:Fraxinus excelsior 002.jpg|{{wpl|Fraxinus|Tropical Ash}}
</gallery>
[[File:Great Barrier Reef 008 (5387514565).jpg|thumb|right|220px|Coral reef in the Desenan Sea.]] Despite the relatively limited number of distinct climate regions in Desena, it has relatively high {{wpl|biodiversity}} for its size with more than 40,000 species of fauna recorded. There are at least 110 distinct {{wp|endemic}} species of mammals in Desena, as well as 167 species of reptiles and amphibians, 749 species of birds, 588 species of freshwater fish, and over 20,000 species of invertebrates. Many non-endemic species have been introduced to Desena, including the {{wpl|Raccoon}}, {{wpl|Silver carp}},  {{wpl|Red imported fire ant}}, and {{wpl|White-tailed deer}}. Over 627 species of vascular plants are also found in Desena.
 
Protected areas in Desena are primarily organized into Natural Parks and National Parks (Desenan: ''Parcul Natural'' and ''Parcul Național''). There are 12 Natural Parks and 5 National Parks covering a total area of 8,718 km<sup>2</sup> (3,366 sq mi). As of 2016, there are 40 registered zoos, public aquariums, and aviaries in the country. Of Desena's land area, 33.8% is covered by arable land, 29.6% by forest, 22.6% by urban area or roadways, and 14.0% by permanent pastures.
 
The Desenan national government considers {{wpl|climate change}} to be one of the major threats to the country. Most of the Desenan population is located at low elevations near the coastline and would be disastrously affected by a rise in sea level caused by {{wpl|global warming}}. In anticipation of this, Desena has constructed and continues to develop one of the largest systems of {{wpl|dam}}s and {{wpl|floodgate}}s in the world, including the Desenan Seawall, which cost D₤6.8 billion ($1.8 bn USD) and took eight years to build. Desena consistently performs well in international rankings of {{wpl|sustainability}} and environmental protection. Nonetheless, Desena has been criticized by many environmentalist activists and organizations for the widespread usage of {{wpl|intensive animal farming}} practices, {{wpl|commercial fishing}}, and continued expansion of and investment into oil production in the Desenan Sea.
 
===Administrative divisions===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%" align="center"
|-
! Name
! Status
! Population
! GDP (PPP)<br/>(bil. USD)
! GDP (PPP)<br/>per capita
! Capital
! Largest city
! {{H:title|Deputies|Dep.}}
|-
! colspan="8" |Metropolitan Desena
|-
| Aldeni
| Province
| align="right" |             181,751
| align="right" | 6.45
| align="right" | 35,498
| colspan="2" align="center" | Cven
| align="center" | 7
|-
| Arges
| Province
| align="right" |                   93,240
| align="right" | 3.39
| align="right" | 36,310
| align="center" | Steniu
| align="center" | Brelu
| align="center" | 4
|-
| Daltâna
| Province
| align="right" |                 159,281
| align="right" | 5.38
| align="right" | 33,805
| colspan="2" align="center" | Temeșesti
| align="center" | 6
|-
| Desena
| Special provincial city
| align="right" |             1,212,379
| align="right" | 46.09
| align="right" | 38,015
| align="center" colspan="2" | -
| align="center" | 41
|-
| Lenișia
| Province
| align="right" |                 209,028
| align="right" | 7.23
| align="right" | 34,601
| align="center" |Madeni
| align="center" |Luguzau
| align="center" | 7
|-
| Livada
| Province
| align="right" |                 592,131
| align="right" | 21.56
| align="right" | 36,416
| align="center" |Eremitu
| align="center" |Devan
| align="center" | 20
|-
| Resca
| Province
| align="right" |                 241,652
| align="right" | 8.26
| align="right" | 34,197
| colspan="2" align="center" | Silinda
| align="center" | 9
|-
| Sercaia
| Province
| align="right" |                 188,130
| align="right" | 6.72
| align="right" | 35,742
| align="center" |Tasanu
| align="center" |Damieni
| align="center" | 7
|-
| Silura
| Province
| align="right" |                 412,345
| align="right" | 14.54
| align="right" | 35,250
| align="center" |Ticușu
| align="center" |Milovan
| align="center" | 14
|-
| Talmiacu
| Province
| align="right" |                   89,581
| align="right" | 3.06
| align="right" | 34,185
| colspan="2" align="center" | Videni
| align="center" | 3
|-
| Terona
| Provincial city
| align="right" |                 632,618
| align="right" | 28.14
| align="right" | 44,475
| align="center" colspan="2" | -
| align="center" | 22
|-
| Vâlceli
| Provincial city
| align="right" |                 253,401
| align="right" | 9.86
| align="right" | 38,921
| align="center" colspan="2" | -
| align="center" | 9
|-
| Valeni
| Province
| align="right" |                   62,877
| align="right" | 2.30
| align="right" | 36,518
| align="center" |Iași
| align="center" |Almas
| align="center" | 3
|-
! colspan="8" |Bredas
|-
| Ruceli
| Province
| align="right" | 145,617
| align="right" | 5.17
| align="right" | 35,488
| align="center" |Ciala
| align="center" |Bacăt
| align="center" | 5
|-
| Saciuva
| Province
| align="right" |                 443,200
| align="right" | 14.49
| align="right" | 32,693
| align="center" |Danier
| align="center" |Teuci
| align="center" | 15
|-
| Tuarcia
| Autonomous province
| align="right" |                 104,046
| align="right" | 2.98
| align="right" | 28,641
| colspan="2" align="center" | Carea
| align="center" | 4
|-
! colspan="8" |Caresus
|-
| Dobraia
| Province
| align="right" |                   94,616
| align="right" | 3.25
| align="right" | 34,312
| align="center" |Renden
| align="center" |Masiului
| align="center" | 4
|-
| Livezi
| Provincial city
| align="right" |                 104,464
| align="right" | 3.83
| align="right" | 36,631
| colspan="2" align="center" |  -
| align="center" | 4
|-
| Marasi
| Province
| align="right" |                 144,846
| align="right" | 4.68
| align="right" | 32,306
| colspan="2" align="center" |Bacova
| align="center" | 5
|-
| Valisa
| Province
| align="right" |                 141,553
| align="right" | 5.01
| align="right" | 35,418
| colspan="2" align="center" | Valișoara
| align="center" | 5
|-
! colspan="8" |Valeni Islands
|-
| Cenari
| Autonomous province
| align="right" |                   14,723
| align="right" | 0.45
| align="right" | 30,423
| align="center" colspan="2" | Fruesti
| align="center" | 1
|-
| Siros
| Autonomous province
| align="right" |                   46,845
| align="right" | 1.95
| align="right" | 41,538
| align="center" colspan="2" | Iosĕn
| align="center" | 2
|-
! colspan="8" |'''Ondor'''
|-
|Mamura
|Province
|                  71,508
|align="right" | 2.27
|align="right" | 31,683
| align="center" |Itești
| align="center" |Cipau
|align="center" |3
|-
|Cesura
|Province
|                  85,383
|align="right" | 2.74
|align="right" | 32,125
| colspan="2" align="center" |Amarești
|align="center" |3
|-
|}
 
==Politics==
{{multiple image
| align = right
| image1 = Emil II Marculescu.jpg
| width1 = 150
| alt1 = Emil II
| caption1 = <center>Emil II<br /><small>Doge of Desena<br />since 4 January 1997</small></center>
| image2 = AlexandruScorza.jpg
| width2 = 134
| alt2 = Alexandru Scorza
| caption2 = <center>Alexandru Scorza<br /><small>Prime Minister<br />since 20 February 2012</small></center>
}}
Desena is a {{wpl|crowned republic}} and a {{wpl|federacy}}. The uncodified Constitution of Desena forms the basis of the modern Desenan political system.  The {{wpl|Doge of Venice|Doge}} of Desena (Desenan: ''Doce de Dasena'') is the ceremonial {{wpl|head of state}} and ''de facto'' {{wpl|Elective monarchy|elected monarch}}, appointed for life by the Great Council of Desena. The {{wpl|Prime Minister}} (Desenan: ''Prim-ministru'') is the {{wpl|head of government}} and holds {{wpl|Executive (government)|executive power}} in the Desenan government. Alexandru Scorza has been Prime Minister since 2012 and is the fifth to serve under Doge Emil II Marculescu, who acceded to the dogeship in 1997.
 
Desena has a score of 3 out of 5 in political freedoms and 4 out of 5 in civil freedoms according to the [[Esquarian Freedom Index]] published annually by the Esquarian Human Rights Monitor, which considers Desena to be an electoral democracy.
 
===Government===
[[File:Mariano Rajoy asiste a la sesión de control al Gobierno en el pleno del Congreso de los Diputados.jpg|thumb|220px|Hemicycle of the National Assembly in session.]] Like many other countries, the government of Desena is structured into legislative, executive, and judicial branches in a {{wpl|parliamentary system}}. The bicameral Parliament of Desena is the national legislature and has the ability to enact laws, amend the constitution, declare war, determine the government budget, ratify treaties, and propose individuals for appointment as Prime Minister to the Doge, who is required to accept parliament's proposals. The Senate is the upper house of the Desenan parliament and is elected by Desenan citizens using a {{wpl|Party-list proportional representation|party-list proportional system}}. The National Assembly is the lower house and is elected by Desenan citizens, foreign nationals with 5 years of residence, and Desenans living abroad for less than 5 years using a province-based semi-proportional system. Each province (or equivalent) receives one deputy automatically, and an additional one for every 30,000 population. Additional deputies are added as a {{wpl|Majority bonus system|majority bonus}} to the party or coalition that wins the most deputies, equal to five percent of the final total. Both chambers have the same powers in most areas, with the notable exception of amendments to and other matters related to the constitution, which the Senate has sole control over. General elections take place every four years.
 
Technically, "Prime Minister" is a recognized alternative title for the President of the {{wpl|Council of Ministers}}, who has the power to appoint and dismiss ministers freely with the exception of the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Defense, and Minister of Justice, which have certain restrictions and requirements on their officeholders. In addition to control over the {{wpl|cabinet (government)|cabinet}}, the Prime Minister has limited legislative power in the form of {{wpl|decree}}s and government regulation. Typically the Prime Minister is the leader of the largest political party in the governing coalition, if there is one.
 
The {{wpl|Presidium|Presidium of the Council of Ministers}} is a government agency that acts as the executive office and staff of the Council of Ministers. It is equivalent to {{wpl|Chancellery|chancelleries}} or {{wpl|Cabinet department|cabinet office}}s in other governments. Videle Palace is the seat of the Desenan government and the {{wpl|official residence}} of the Prime Minister. 
 
Historically Desena's largest political parties in politics were the Democratic People's Party, Social Democratic Party, and the Syndicalist Party of Desena. Over the mid to late 2000s the National Syndicalist Party overtook both the Social Democratic Party and Syndicalist Party of Desena in votes and membership. In 2010 it secured the largest number of seats of any single party and formed a {{wpl|coalition government}} with the Syndicalist Party of Desena, democratically returning syndicalists to power in Desena for the first time since the end of one-party rule in 1990. The coalition won again in 2014 and 2018. It currently possesses a combined 184 out of 318 seats in the National Assembly and 65 out of 115 seats in the Senate. The center-right Democratic People's Party remains the second largest political party in Desena and the largest in the parliamentary opposition.
 
===Law and criminal justice===
[[File:Spb 06-2012 Nevsky various 04.jpg|thumb|220px|The Palace of Justice, which houses both the Supreme Court and Constitutional Court of Desena.]] Desena uses a {{wpl|Civil law (legal system)|civil legal system}} based on {{wpl|Napoleonic Code}} and {{wpl|Roman law}}. Courts and the judiciary are administered by the Ministry of Justice on a national level. The Constitutional Court of Desena has the power of {{wpl|judicial review}} and is the highest authority on constitutional and {{wpl|administrative law}}. The Prosecutor-General of Desena is the single most powerful figure in the Desenan judiciary and is responsible for investigating corruption in all branches of government. The Supreme Court of Desena is the {{wpl|supreme court|court of last resort}} for {{wpl|private law}} and {{wpl|criminal law}}.
 
Desenan law is codified into the ''Cod Civil'' (Civil Code) and ''Cod Penal'' (Penal Code). The {{wpl|Constitution}} of Desena is not codified in to a single document but is fully written, made up of several distinct documents of {{wpl|constitutional law}}s. The most notable of these is the Instrument of Government of the Republic, enacted on 28 August 1820 by Leon I with the approval of parliament. Desena's {{wpl|bill of rights}}, the Declaration of the Rights of the People, was adopted in 1889 and has been modified extensively since then, most recently in 2015. The declaration guarantees Desenan citizens various fundamental rights, including the {{wpl|right to life}}, {{wpl|freedom of assembly}}, and {{wpl|equality before the law}}.
 
<imgur thumb="yes" w="220" comment="Desenan police motorcycles during National Police Day, 2016.">r0lrGlY.jpg</imgur>The two main law enforcement agencies in Desena are the ''Poliția Națională'' (National Police) and ''Jandarmeria'' (Gendarmerie). Both are under the control of the Ministry of Interior. The National Police carries out most regular police duties while the {{wpl|Gendarmerie}} is considered a paramilitary organization and has more specialized responsibilities, including protecting sensitive national infrastructure, such as nuclear power plants, and counter-terrorism. The Desenan {{wpl|Republican Guard}} (''Garda Rĕpublicană'') is part of the Gendarmerie and is responsible for protecting important government officials and buildings, including the Doge and the Doge's Palace.
 
Abortion has been legal since 1981 and possession of small amounts of cannabis is decriminalized. {{wpl|Same-sex marriage}}s are not performed, though {{wpl|civil union}}s are permitted. Desena has an intentional homicide rate of 2.14 per year per 100,000 inhabitants and there are approximately 22.1 civilian-owned firearms per 100 population.
 
===Foreign relations===
Desena is a founding member of the The International League and the Latin Union. Historically, Desena has often proclaimed itself a {{wpl|neutral country}}, most recently in 1940. Desena has not explicitly ended the policy of armed neutrality since then, but has gained observer status in the [[Esquarian Community]] in 2004 with membership in the EC common market and joined [[Cenba]] and in 2015, becoming the second country to join the [[Central Ocean Basin Alliance]] (Cenba) after its foundation. The Desenan Republic enjoys particularly close relations with [[Ainin]], [[Namor]], and [[Ordennya]], as well as with many other current and former {{wpl|Socialist state|syndicalist states}}.
 
Since democratization Desenan foreign policy has promoted more multilateral politics and has resulted in greater participation in intergovernmental organizations. Desena participates in a number of peacekeeping and international security operations and provides a significant amount of material and financial aid to underdeveloped countries, especially former Desenan colonies.
 
===Military===
[[File:Army2016demo-047.jpg|thumb|220px|A {{wpl|T-90|T-90S}} tank of the Desenan Army.]]
 
==Economy==
===Agriculture===
===Transport===
===Tourism===
===Energy===
===Science and technology===
==Demographics==
===Major cities===
{{Largest cities
| name        = Largest cities of Desena
| name_link    = Name
| country      = Desena
| kind        = cities
| stat_ref    = 2018 estimate
| list_by_pop  =
| class        = nav
| div_name    =
| div_link    = Province
 
| city_1 = Desena | div_1 = - | pop_1 = 1,912,379 | img_1 = Milan skyline skyscrapers of Porta Nuova business district.jpg
| city_2 = Terona | div_2 = - | pop_2 = 1,132,618 | img_2 = Napoli6.png
| city_3 = Devan | div_3 = - | pop_3 = 440,204 | img_3 = Panorama of Marseille - panoramio (16).jpg
| city_4 = Vâlceli | div_4 = - | pop_4 = 153,401 | img_4 = Bürkliplatz - Quaibrücke - Utoquai - Hochschulen - Zürichsee in Zürich - Wollishofen 2015-05-06 14-36-56.JPG
| city_5 = Milovan | div_5 = - | pop_5 = 111,315
| city_6 = Livezi | div_6 = - | pop_6 = 104,464
| city_7 = Silinda | div_7 = - | pop_7 = 96,654
| city_8 = Luguzău | div_8 = - | pop_8 = 95,852
| city_9 = Dobraia | div_9 = - | pop_9 = 91,245
| city_10 = Temeșesti | div_10 = - | pop_10 = 90,239
| city_11 = Valișoara | div_11 = - | pop_11 = 89,302
| city_12 = Dămieni | div_12 = - | pop_12 = 86,797
| city_13 = Amăresti | div_13 = - | pop_13 = 82,602
| city_14 = Maran | div_14 = - | pop_14 = 80,621
| city_15 = Eremitu | div_15 = - | pop_15 = 78,540
| city_16 = Cven | div_16 = - | pop_16 = 73,767
| city_17 = Vedeă | div_17 = - | pop_17 = 70,254
| city_18 = Alunișu | div_18 = - | pop_18 = 67,115
| city_19 = Sannat | div_19 = - | pop_19 = 61,269
| city_20 = Poganu | div_20 = - | pop_20 = 52,037
}}
 
===Ethnic groups===
===Language===
===Religion===
===Immigration===
===Education===
===Health===
==Culture==
===Public holidays and symbols===
===Art===
===Literature and philosophy===
===Architecture===
===Music===
===Fashion and design===
===Cinema===
===Media===
===Cuisine===
===Sports===
==See also==
* [[Index of Desena-related articles]]
* [[Outline of Desena]]
 
[[Category:Desena]][[Category:Countries]][[Category:Countries in Esquarium]][[Category:Elective monarchies]]

Revision as of 17:56, 14 March 2019

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