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{{Region icon Anteria}}
{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
| name            = Tayamo
| name            = Tayamo
| nativename      = т'аясы итол, итол т'аямоно
| nativename      = T'ayasy itama, Itama t'ayamono<br>(T̓aiasî itama, Itama t̓aiamono)<br>Т'аясы итама, Итама т'аямоно
|altname          = Tayamese
|altname          = Tayamese
| states          =  
| states          =  
{{Tree list}}
{{Tree list}}
*{{Flag|Qazhshava}}
*{{Flag|Hondonia}}
**Tayamo autonomy
**Taiamenia
**Coasta de Ploaie
***Insula Kairi
**Insula Giulce
{{Tree list/end}}
{{Tree list/end}}
{{Tree list}}
{{Tree list}}
*{{Flag|Krenya}}
*{{Flag|Kentalis}}
**Selenzia
**Hrastmozh
{{Tree list/end}}
{{Tree list/end}}
{{Tree list}}
| pronunciation    = {{wp|International Phonetic Alphabet|[ˈt’ajas̻ɨ ˈitama]}}
*{{Flag|Gadorien}}
| region          = New Roumania, Hrastmozh, Kairi and Giulce islands
**[PlaceHolder]
{{Tree list/end}}
| pronunciation    = /ˈt’ajas̻ɨ̯ ˈitol/
| region          = Tayamo Archipelego, Selenzia
| map              =  
| map              =  
| mapcaption      =  
| mapcaption      =  
| ethnicity        = Tayamo people
| ethnicity        = Tayamo people
| speakers        =  
| speakers        = 790,000
| date            =  
| date            = 2018
| ref              =  
| ref              =  
| familycolor      = Language isolate
| familycolor      = Language isolate
Line 28: Line 28:
| dialects        =  
| dialects        =  
| listclass        = plainlist
| listclass        = plainlist
| dia1            = Western
| dia1            = Mainland
| dia2            = Central
| dia2            = Eastern
| dia3            = Eastern
| dia3            = Western
| script          = {{wp|Cyrillic script|Cyrillic}}<br>{{wp|Latin script|Latin}}<br>Tayamese (historically)
| script          = {{wp|Latin script|Latin}}<br>{{wp|Cyrillic script|Cyrillic}}
| iso1            = [[User:Native_Qazh/Sandbox5|tm]]
| iso1            = [[User:Native_Qazh/Sandbox5|tm]]
| iso2            = [[User:Native_Qazh/Sandbox5|tym]]
| iso2            = [[User:Native_Qazh/Sandbox5|tym]]
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}}
}}


The '''Tayamo language''' (also known as ''Tayamese'') (Tayamo: ''т'аясы итол''; ''t'ayasy itol'') is a pre-[[Thuado-Thrismaran languages]] language isolate spoken on the islands of the laurentine gulf. It's an official language in the Tayamo autonomy, and arecognized regional language in the nation of [[Qazhshava]].
'''Tayamo''' (also known as Tayamese) ({{wp|International Phonetic Alphabet|[ˈtʰajəmoʊ̯]}}, Tayamo: T'ayasy itama ''Т'аясы итама'' {{wp|International Phonetic Alphabet|[ˈt’ajas̻ɨ ˈitama]}}, Itama t'ayamono ''Итама т'аямоно'' {{wp|International Phonetic Alphabet|[ˈitama ˈt’ajamono]}}) is a pre-[[Thuado-Thrismaran languages|Thuado-Thrismaran]] language spoken in southern [[Thuadia]]. It is a recognized regional langauge in [[Hondonia]] and [[Kentalis]] as well as the [[Sekidean Union]]. The language is spoken by approximately 900 million people. It has 3 main dialect groups: Mainland, Eastern, and Western (also known as the Hrastmozh dialect).
 
=History=
==Prehistory==
Proto-Tayamo is thought to have been brought to the Mainland, and later on to the Islands, by settlers coming from what is now southern Krenya sometime in the early- to mid-5th century BC. Very little is known about the Tayamo of this period. Because writing had yet to be invented or introduced, there is no direct evidence, and anything that can be discerned about this period must be based on reconstructions of Old Tayamo.
 
==Old-Tayamo==
Old Tayamo is the oldest attested stage of the Tayamo language. Through the spread of trade from the east, Aschari and Sinitic people from what is today [[Prei Meas]] and [[Canton River Delta]] brought with them and introduced writing in the forms of the {{wp|Javanese script|Aschari script}}, which was used in some of the eastern islands for a while, and also {{wp|Chinese characters|Sinitic characters}} which started developing into the Tayamese script. The earliest known Tayamo writing, the [placeholder], dates back to the late 8th century and is written in a proto variant of the tayamese script.
 
==Middle Tayamo==
TBA
==Early Modern Tayamo==
TBA
==Modern Tayamo==
TBA
 
=Status=
Classiffied as Vigorous, the language is spoken by majority of the ethnic Tayamese population, majority of the speakers live on the largest island of Kayri within the [[Qazhshava|Qazhshavan]] borders. The western dialect almost went extinct due to [[Krenya|Krenyan]] supression, but with pressure of the post-[[Great War (Anteria)|Great war]] [[Qazhshava|Qazhshavan]] government, it is making a slow come back, but is still threatened. The Eastern dialect is in a better spot but still has a relatively low number of speakers.
 
=Classification=
With a lot of foreign influence over 2000 years the language has taken in a lot of [[Thuado-Thrismaran languages|Thuado-Thrismaran]] and even some [[Aschari]] influence,  due to which the modern grammar is very poluted compared to it's original form, of which there are very little texts, due to active periods of supressions from more powerfull nations, which makes the language hard to classify, some believe it to be a relative of the extinct Hewehetan language in [[Qazhshava]].


=Dialects=
=Classification and status=
There are three main dialect areas of modern Tayamo which all form a {{wp|Dialect continuum}}:
With a lot of foreign influence during the last few centuries the language has taken in a lot of [[Thuado-Thrismaran languages|Thuado-Thrismaran]] and even some [[Aschari]] influence, due to which the modern grammar is very poluted compared to it's original form, of which there are very little texts, due to active periods of supressions from more powerfull nations, which makes the language hard to classify, some believe it to be a relative of the now extinct Hewehetan language in Hondonia. The status of the langauge is classiffied as Vigorous, the language is spoken by majority of the ethnic Tayamese population.
*The western dialects spoken on the island of Selenzia/Hrastmož, which are hard to understand for speakers of any other Tayamese dialects, due to its more complex syllables.
*The central dialects spoken on the [[Qazhshava|Qazhshavan]] islands, which are the most spoken dialects.
*The eastern dialects spoken on the islands owned by [[Gadorien]], they aren't much diferent from the central dialects, with their major distinction being a distinctive soft speech.


The standard literary forms of the language was based on the Kayri dialect, which is one of the central dialects and the most spoken dialect, however the standard form was created around 100 years ago, so the modern pronounciation varies from how it's written.
=Orthography=
Tayamo is written in the {{wp|latin script}} in [[Hondonia]] and in the {{wp|cyrillic script}} in [[Kentalis]]. The modern Tayamo {{wp|Latin script|latin alphabet}} was developed in 1978 during a language de-{{wp|Romanian language|roumanization}} reform in 1970s, the old {{wp|Latin script|latin}} alphabet is still common to see in old signs, while the {{wp|Cyrillic script|cyrillic alphabet}} was based on various alphabets from diferent langauge who use {{wp|Cyrillic script|cyrillic}}.


=Phonology=
Modern Tayamese {{wp|Latin script|Latin alphabet}}:
==Consonants==
{| style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS; font-size:1.4em; border-color:#000000; border-width:1px; border-style:solid; border-collapse:collapse"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |  
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | A a
! {{wp|labial consonant|Labial}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | B b
! colspan="2" | {{wp|alveolar consonant|Alveolar}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | C c
! {{wp|palatal consonant|Palatal}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | C' c'
! {{wp|velar consonant|Velar}}/<br>{{wp|uvular consonant|Uvular}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | D d
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | E e
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|F f}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | G g
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" | {{wp|Plosive}}/<br>{{wp|Affricate}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Gh gh
! {{small|voiced}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | H h
| {{IPA link|b}}  
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | I i
| {{IPA link|d}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|J j}}
| {{IPA link|d͡z̻}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | K k
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | K' k'
| {{IPA link|ɡ}}  
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|L l}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | M m
|-
|-
! {{small|voiceless}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | N n
| {{IPA link|p}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | O o
| {{IPA link|t}}  
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | P p
| {{IPA link|t͡s̻}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | P' p'
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|Q q}}
| {{IPA link|k}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | R r
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | S s
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | T t
|-
|-
! {{small|{{wp|Ejective consonant|ejective}}}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | T' t'
| {{IPA link|pʼ}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | U u
| {{IPA link|tʼ}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|V v}}
| {{IPA link|t͡s̻ʼ}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | W w
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|X x}}
| {{IPA link|kʼ}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Y y
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Z z
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Fricative}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Zh zh
! {{small|voiced}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|z̻}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| {{IPA link|ʁ̟}}
|-
! {{small|voiceless}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|s̻}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| {{IPA link|x}}
|-
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Sonorant}}
| {{IPA link|m}}
| {{IPA link|n}}
| {{IPA link|l}}
| {{IPA link|j}}
| {{IPA link|w}}
|-
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Rhotic consonant|Rhotic}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɾ}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
|-
|-
|}
|}


==Vowels==
Tayamese {{wp|Cyrillic script|cyrillic alphabet}}:
{| class="wikitable"
{| style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS; font-size:1.4em; border-color:#000000; border-width:1px; border-style:solid; border-collapse:collapse"
!
|-
! align="center" | {{wp|Front vowel|Front}}
! align="center" | {{wp|Central vowel|Central}}
! {{wp|Back vowel|back}}
|- align="center"
! {{wp|Close vowel|Close}}
| {{IPA link|i}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| {{IPA link|u}}
|- align="center"
! {{wp|Mid vowel|Mid}}
| {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| {{IPA link|ɨ̞}}
| {{IPA link|o}}
|- align="center"
! {{wp|Open vowel|Open}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| {{IPA link|a}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
|}
 
==Phonotactics==
The syllable template in Tayamo is (C)V(S), where S is sonorant consonant. In the Western dialect the template (C)(C)V(C)(C) is possible due to the disapearence of the vowel /ɨ̞/ in polysylabbic words.
 
==Allophones and Pronounciation==
Allophones vary on the spoken dialect, usually rural dialects tend to have more allophonic diferences, while urban areas speak more literary, some common allophones are:
:1. When /ɨ̞/ is the last vowel of a word, it can get reduced to /ɨ̯(~◌ʲ), ◌ᵊ/: к'ацы /k’at͡s̻ɨ̞/ → /k’at͡s̻ɨ̯/, /k’at͡s̻ʲ/
:2. /x/ before or after /i/, /j/ becomes /ç/: хины /xinɨ̞/ → /çinʲ/, рыхы /ɾɨ̞xɨ̞/ (→ /ɾɨ̞xʲ/) → /ɾɨ̞ç/
:3. /ɨ̞/ in unstressed syllables shorteness into /ɨ̯~◌ᵊ/: моцыда /ˈmot͡s̻ɨ̞da/ → /ˈmot͡s̻ɨ̯da/
:4. In eastern dialects /s̻/ and /z̻/ and their afficates are pronounced as /s, z/ before /a, ɨ̞, o ,u/ but as /ʃ, ʒ/ before /ɛ, i, j/: сайжы /s̻ajz̻ɨ̞/ (→ /s̻ajz̻ʲ/) → /sajʒᵊ/
:5. In the western dialects it's common for unstressed vowels get reduced: /a/ → /ə/, /ɨ̞/ → /ɪ/, /o/ → /u/, /ɛ/ → /i/
:6. In some dialects when a word ends in a nasal consonant it can merge with the previous vowel: катан /ˈkatan/ → /ˈkatɑɰ̃/, там /tam/ → /tɒw̃/
:7. Palatalization of consonants before /ɛ/ and /i/: маке /ˈmakɛ/ → /ˈmaci/
:8. Lenghtening of /ij/ and unstressed /ɛj/ (when between consonants or as the last syllable of a word): рий /ɾij/ → /ɾiː/, хоней /ˈxonɛj/ → /ˈxoneː/
 
Out of the listed, 1, 2 and 3 are found in the pronounciation of modern standard Tayamo.
 
=Writing System=
Tayamo is most commonly written in the {{wp|Cyrillic script|Cyrillic}} and {{wp|Latin script|Latin}} scripts, the language was historically written in it's own Alphasyllabarical script, which fell out of use during the last years of the [[Qazhshava#History|Yirgadas]] empire, but it modern times it is making a revival.
 
Historically some islands also used the {{wp|Javanese script|Aschari script}} to write their language in, which was replaced with the Tayamo script shortly after it's invention.
 
==Alphabets==
Cyrillic Tayamo alphabet:
{| style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS; font-size:1.4em; border-color:#000000; border-width:1px; border-style:solid; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:#F8F8EF"
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | А а
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | А а
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Б б
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Б б
Line 191: Line 106:
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | К к
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | К к
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | К' к'
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | К' к'
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Л л
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|Л л}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | М м
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | М м
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Н н
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Н н
Line 211: Line 126:
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|Ч ч}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|Ч ч}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|Ш ш}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|Ш ш}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|Ъ ъ}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|Ъ ъ}}
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ы ы
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ы ы
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|Ь ь}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|Ь ь}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ю ю
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ю ю
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Я я
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Я я
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | &nbsp;
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |  
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | &nbsp;
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |  
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | &nbsp;
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |  
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | &nbsp;
|}
<br>
Latin Tayamo alphabet:
{| style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS; font-size:1.4em; border-color:#000000; border-width:1px; border-style:solid; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:#F8F8EF"
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | A a
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | B b
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | C c
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | C' c'
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | D d
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | E e
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|F f}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | G g
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Gh gh
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|H h}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | I i
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | J j
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | K k
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | K' k'
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Kh kh
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | L l
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | M m
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | N n
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | O o
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | P p
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | P' p'
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|Q q}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | R r
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | S s
|-
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | T t
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | T' t'
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | U u
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|V v}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | W w
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | {{color|#808080|X x}}
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Y y
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Z z
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Zh zh
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | &nbsp;
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | &nbsp;
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | &nbsp;
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | &nbsp;
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | &nbsp;
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | &nbsp;
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | &nbsp;
|}
|}


Line 277: Line 145:
!11 !!12 !!13 !!14 !!15 !!16 !!17 !!18 !!19 !!20
!11 !!12 !!13 !!14 !!15 !!16 !!17 !!18 !!19 !!20
!21 !!22 !!23 !!24 !!25 !!26 !!27 !!28 !!29 !!30
!21 !!22 !!23 !!24 !!25 !!26 !!27 !!28 !!29 !!30
!31 !!32 !!33 !!34 !!35 !!36
!31 !!32
|-
!{{wp|Cyrillic script|Cyrillic}} upper case
|А ||Б ||style="background:#FEE7E6"|В
|Г ||Г' ||Д ||Е ||Ж ||З ||И ||Й ||К ||К' ||Л ||М ||Н ||О ||П ||П'
|Р ||С ||Т ||Т' |||У ||Ў ||style="background:#FEE7E6"|Ф
|Х ||Ц ||Ц' ||style="background:#FEE7E6"|Ч
|style="background:#FEE7E6"|Ш
|style="background:#FEE7E6"|Ъ
|style="background:#FEE7E6"|Ь
|Ю ||Я
|-
!{{wp|Cyrillic script|Cyrillic}} lower case
|а ||б ||style="background:#FEE7E6"|в
|г ||г' ||д ||е ||ж ||з ||и ||й ||к ||к' ||л ||м ||н ||о ||п ||п'
|р ||с ||т ||т'||у ||ў ||style="background:#FEE7E6"|ф
|х ||ц ||ц' ||style="background:#FEE7E6"|ч
|style="background:#FEE7E6"|ш
|style="background:#FEE7E6"|ъ
|style="background:#FEE7E6"|ь
|ю ||я
|-
! colspan="37" |
|-
|-
!{{wp|Latin script|Latin}} upper case
!{{wp|Latin script|Latin}} upper case
|A ||B ||style="background:#FEE7E6"|V
|A ||B ||C ||C' ||D ||E ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |F ||G ||Gh ||H
|G ||Gh ||D ||E ||Z ||Zh ||I ||J ||K ||K' ||L ||M ||N ||O ||P ||P'
|I ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |J ||K ||K' ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |L ||M ||N ||O ||P ||P'
|R ||S ||T ||T' ||U ||W ||style="background:#FEE7E6"|F
|style="background:#E8E8E8" |Q ||R ||S ||T ||T' ||U ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |V ||W ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |X ||Y
|Kh ||C ||C' ||style="background:#FEE7E6"|Ch
|Z ||Zh
|style="background:#FEE7E6"|Sh
|style="background:#FEE7E6"|H
|Y ||J ||Ju ||Ja
|-
|-
!{{wp|Latin script|Latin}} lower case
!{{wp|Latin script|Latin}} lower case
|a ||b ||style="background:#FEE7E6"|v
|a ||b ||c ||c' ||d ||e ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |f ||g ||gh ||h
|g ||gh ||d ||e ||z ||zh ||i ||j ||k ||k' ||l ||m ||n ||o ||p ||p'
|i ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |j ||k ||k' ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |l ||m ||n ||o ||p ||p'
|r ||s ||t ||t' ||u ||w ||style="background:#FEE7E6"|f
|style="background:#E8E8E8" |q ||r ||s ||t ||t' ||u ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |v ||w ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |x ||y
|kh ||c ||c' ||style="background:#FEE7E6"|ch
|z ||zh
|style="background:#FEE7E6"|sh
|style="background:#FEE7E6"|h
|y ||j ||ju ||ja
|-
|-
! colspan="37" |
!{{wp|Cyrillic script|Cyrillic}} upper case
|А ||Б ||Ц ||Ц' ||Д ||Е ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |Ф ||Г ||Г' ||Х
|И ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |Ж ||К ||К' ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |Л ||М ||Н ||О ||П ||П'
|style="background:#E8E8E8" |К ||Р ||С ||Т ||Т' ||У ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |В ||Ў ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |Кс ||Ы
|Ж ||З
|-
!{{wp|Cyrillic script|Cyrillic}} lower case
|а ||б ||ц ||ц' ||д ||е ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |ф ||г ||г' ||х
|и ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |ж ||к ||к' ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |л ||м ||н ||о ||п ||п'
|style="background:#E8E8E8" |к ||р ||с ||т ||т' ||у ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |в ||ў ||style="background:#E8E8E8" |кс ||ы
|ж ||з
|-
|-
!{{wp|International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA}} sound
!{{wp|International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA}} sound
| {{IPAlink|a}}
! {{IPAlink|a}}
| {{IPAlink|b}}
! {{IPAlink|b}}
| {{IPAlink|w}}
! {{IPAlink|t͡s̻}}
| {{IPAlink|ɡ}}
! {{IPAlink|t͡s̻ʼ}}
| {{IPAlink|ʁ̟}}
! {{IPAlink|d}}
| {{IPAlink|d}}
! {{IPAlink|ɛ}}
| {{IPAlink|ɛ}}
! {{IPAlink|f}}*
| {{IPAlink|}}
! {{IPAlink|ɡ}}
| {{IPAlink|d͡z̻}}
! {{IPAlink|ʁ̟}}
| {{IPAlink|i}}
! {{IPAlink|x}}
| {{IPAlink|j}}
! {{IPAlink|i}}
| {{IPAlink|k}}
! {{IPAlink|}}
| {{IPAlink|kʼ}}
! {{IPAlink|k}}
| {{IPAlink|l}}
! {{IPAlink|kʼ}}
| {{IPAlink|m}}
! {{IPAlink|l}}*
| {{IPAlink|n}}
! {{IPAlink|m}}
| {{IPAlink|o}}
! {{IPAlink|n}}
| {{IPAlink|p}}
! {{IPAlink|o}}
| {{IPAlink|pʼ}}
! {{IPAlink|p}}
| {{IPAlink|ɾ}}
! {{IPAlink|pʼ}}
| {{IPAlink|}}
! {{IPAlink|k}}
| {{IPAlink|t}}
! {{IPAlink|ɾ}}
| {{IPAlink|}}
! {{IPAlink|}}
| {{IPAlink|u}}
! {{IPAlink|t}}
| {{IPAlink|w}}
! {{IPAlink|}}
| {{IPAlink|p}}
! {{IPAlink|u}}
| {{IPAlink|x}}
! colspan="2" | {{IPAlink|ʋ}}~{{IPAlink|w}}
| {{IPAlink|t͡s̻}}
! ks
| {{IPAlink|t͡s̻ʼ}}
! {{IPAlink|ɨ}}
| {{IPAlink|t͡s̻}}
! {{IPAlink|}}
| {{IPAlink|s̻}}
! {{IPAlink|d͡z̻}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| {{IPAlink|ɨ̞}}
| style="background:#FEE7E6"| {{IPAlink|◌j}}
| ju
| ja
|-
|}
|}


==Tayamese script==
In the {{wp|Latin script|latin}} alphabet, the letters ⟨y⟩ {{IPAlink|j|/j/}} and ⟨w⟩ {{IPAlink|ʋ|/ʋ}}~{{IPAlink|w|w/}} are used only when the sounds are the onsets of a syllable, while i and u are used for when the sounds are in the coda position or when some affixes are used (т'аў / t'au - т'аўу / t'auu; ўара / wara - ўарай / warai). The letter ⟨в⟩ is sometimes used as a substitude for ⟨ў⟩.
TBA
 
=Grammar=
==Syntax==
Tayamo is an SVO language, however the word order is generally free due to noun declensions, when the personal pronouns are used as clitics and not stressed, the word order becomes SOV, with pronouns it's only SVO when the Object is stressed.
==Nouns==
===Case and Number===
There are two numbers in Tayamo, singular and plural, historically it had a paucal number that fell out of use during middle Tayamo.
Tayamo has 6 noun cases:


=Phonology=
==Vowels==
Tayamo has six vowels. It's common for speakers to reduce the vowels which arent in the stressed syllable.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" | Case
!
! colspan="3" | Signular
! align="center" | {{wp|Front vowel|Front}}
|-
! align="center" | {{wp|Central vowel|Central}}
! Affix
! {{wp|Back vowel|back}}
! Example
|- align="center"
! Question
! {{wp|Close vowel|Close}}
|-
| {{IPA link|i}}
! Nominative
| {{IPA link|ɨ}}
| {{IPA link|u}}
|- align="center"
! {{wp|Mid vowel|Mid}}
| {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| {{IPA link|o}}
|- align="center"
! {{wp|Open vowel|Open}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| {{IPA link|a}}
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
| ''к'а'' (rock), ''зан'' (bear)
|}
| ''мо'' (what), ''мы'' (who)
 
==Consonants==
Tayamo distinguished between voiced, voiceless and ejective consonants.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
! Dative
! colspan="2" |
| ''-ху/у''
! {{wp|labial consonant|Labial}}
| ''к'а'''ху''''' (to a rock), ''зан'''у''''' (to a bear)
! colspan="2" | {{wp|alveolar consonant|Alveolar}}
| ''мо'''ху''''' (to what), ''мы'''ху''''' (to who)
! {{wp|palatal consonant|Palatal}}
! {{wp|velar consonant|Velar}}
|-
|-
! Genetive
! rowspan="3" | {{wp|Plosive}}/<br>{{wp|Affricate}}
| ''-но''
! {{small|voiced}}
| ''к'а'''но''''' (of a rock), ''зан'''но''''' (of a bear)
| {{IPA link|b}}
| ''мо'''но''''' (of what), ''мы'''но''''' (whose)
| {{IPA link|d}}
| {{IPA link|d͡z̻}}
|
| {{IPA link|ɡ}}
|-
|-
! Accusitive
! {{small|voiceless}}
| ''-й/и''
| {{IPA link|p}}
| ''к'а'''й''''' (rock), ''зан'''и''''' (bear)
| {{IPA link|t}}
| ''мо'''й''''' (what), ''мы'''й''''' (who)
| {{IPA link|t͡s̻}}
|
| {{IPA link|k}}
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! {{small|{{wp|Ejective consonant|ejective}}}}
| ''-г'а''
| {{IPA link|pʼ}}
| ''к'а'''г'а''''' (with a rock), ''зан'''г'а''''' (with a bear)
| {{IPA link|tʼ}}
| ''мо'''г'а''''' (with what), ''мы'''г'а''''' (with who)
| {{IPA link|t͡s̻ʼ}}
|
| {{IPA link|kʼ}}
|-
|-
! Locative
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Fricative}}
| ''-да''
! {{small|voiced}}
| ''к'а'''да''''' (on a rock), ''зан'''да''''' (on a bear)
|  
| ''мо'''да''''' (where), ''мы'''да''''' (at who)
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|z̻}}
|
| {{IPA link|ʁ̟}}
|-
|-
|}
! {{small|voiceless}}
 
|
{| class="wikitable"
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|s̻}}
! rowspan="2" | Case
|  
! colspan="3" | Plural
| {{IPA link|x}}
|-
|-
! Affix
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Nasal}}
! Example
| {{IPA link|m}}
! Question
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|n}}
|
|
|-
|-
! Nominative
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Approximant}}
| ''-(а)цы''
| {{IPA link|ʋ}}~{{IPA link|w}}
| ''к'а'''цы''''' (rocks), ''зан'''цы''''' (bears)
| colspan="2" |
| ''мо'''цы''''' (what), ''мы'''цы''''' (who)
| {{IPA link|j}}
|  
|-
|-
! Dative
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Rhotic consonant|Rhotic}}
| ''-(а)цу''
|  
| ''к'а'''цу''''' (to rocks), ''зан'''цу''''' (to bears)
| colspan="2" |{{IPAlink|ɾ}}
| ''мо'''цу''''' (to what), ''мы'''цу''''' (whose)
|  
|-
|  
! Genetive
| ''-(а)цын''
| ''к'а'''цын''''' (оf rocks), ''зан'''цын''''' (оf bears)
| ''мо'''цын''''' (оf what), ''мы'''цын''''' (оf who)
|-
! Accusitive
| ''-(а)ци''
| ''к'а'''ци''''' (rocks), ''зан'''ци''''' (bears)
| ''мо'''ци''''' (what), ''мы'''ци''''' (who)
|-
! Instrumental
| ''-(а)цыг'а''
| ''к'а'''цыг'а''''' (with rocks), ''зан'''цыг'а''''' (with bears)
| ''мо'''цыг'а''''' (with what), ''мы'''цыг'а''''' (with who)
|-
! Locative
| ''-(a)цыда''
| ''к'а'''цыда''''' (on rocks), ''зан'''цыда''''' (on bears)
| ''мо'''цыда''''' (where), ''мы'''цыда''''' (at who)
|-
|-
|}
|}


===The definite article===
=Grammar=
Due to [[Thuado-Thrismaran languages|Thuado-Thrismaran]] influence, during the period of middle Yamato a definite article developed in the form of the '''та(н)''' particle, which was placed infront of a word ('''та''' мак'о, '''тан''' одо), in early modern tayamo the article shifted into the '''-на''' suffix ( мак'о'''на''', одо'''на''').


==Prnouns==
=Language examples=
One thing that as brought into Tayamo from the [[Aschari|Aschari language]] is the polite pronouns, which did not exist in the language before Aschari influence, however it is very simple when comapared to [[Aschari]], only having 2 levels of politeness, being polite and impolite. With [[Thuado-Thrismaran languages|Thuado-Thrismaran]] influence the polite/impolite pronouns became more formal/imformal over time.


{{wp|Lord's Prayer|Lord's prayer}}:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" | Number and Person
! English
! rowspan="2" | Nominative
! Tayamo (old {{wp|latin script|latin}})
! colspan="2" | Accusitive<br>(Direct object)
! Tayamo (new {{wp|latin script|latin}})
! colspan="2" | Dative<br>(Indirect object)
! Tayamo ({{wp|cyrillic script|cyrillic}})
! rowspan="2" | Genitive
|-
! rowspan="2" | Innesive
| Our Father in heaven,
! rowspan="2" | Locative
| Ba coțîno uahațîdata,
| Ba kocyno wahacyda'ta,
| Ба коцыно ўахацыда'та,
|-
| hallowed be your name.
| ne de danasî catamata udano.
| ne de danasy katama'ta udano.
| не де данасы катама'та удано.
|-
|-
!stressed
| Your kingdom come.
!clitic
| Ne to odorata udano.
!stressed
| Ne to odora'ta udano.
!clitic
| Не то одора'та удано.
|-
|-
! rowspan="4" |Singular
| Your will be done,
! colspan="2" | First
| Tarata udațî iuchesîiade
| ''Коны
| Tara'ta udacy yukesyyade,
| ''Кони
| Тара'та удацы юкесыяде,
| ''-ки
| ''Кону
| ''-ку
| ''Коно
| ''Ког'а
| ''Кода
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" | Second
| on earth as it is in heaven.
! Formal
| aetadata mato uahațîdatade.
| ''Уда
| aet'ada'ta mato wahacyda'tade.
| ''Уди
| ает'ада'та мато ўахацыда'таде.
| rowspan="2" |''-ди
| ''Уду
| rowspan="2" |''-ду
| ''Удано
| ''Удаг'а
| ''Удада
|-
|-
! Imformal
| Give us today our daily bread
| ''Да
| Hansîta honsî p̓ita coțîno dahonda
| ''Ди
| Hansy'ta honsy p'ita kocyno dahonda
| ''Ду
| Хонсы'та хонсы п'ита коцыно дахонда
| ''Дано
| ''Даг'а
| ''Дада
|-
|-
! colspan="2" | Third
| and forgive us our debts,
| ''То
| ga iunai dag̓a coțîno,
| ''Той
| ga yunai dagha kocyno,
| ''-ти
| га юнай дагкоцыно,
| ''Тоў
| ''-ту
| ''Тоно
| ''Тог
| ''Тода
|-
|-
! rowspan="4" | Plural
| as we forgive our debtors.
! colspan="2" | First
| mato conâțî iuanonahî dag̓azîțu coțîno.
| ''Коныцы
| mato konycy yuananohy daghazycu kocyno.
| ''Коныци
| мато коныцы юнанохы даг'ажыцу коцыно.
| ''-кыци
| ''Коныцу
| ''-кыцу
| ''Коныцыно
| ''Коныцыг'а
| ''Коныцыда
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" | Second
| And do not bring us into temptation,
! Formal
| Ga retaucâți sâkusâmada,
| ''Удацы
| Ga retaukyci sykusymada,
| ''Удаци
| Га ретаўкыци сыкусымада,
| rowspan="2" |''-дыци
| ''Удацу
| rowspan="2" |''-дыцу
| ''Удацыно
| ''Удацыг'а
| ''Удацыда
|-
|-
! Imformal
| but rescue us from the evil one.
| ''Дацы
| a c̓auaicâți cara tatarîsîta.
| ''Даци
| a k'awaikyci kara tatarysy'ta.
| ''Дацу
| а к'аўайкыци кара татарысы'та.
| ''Дацыно
| ''Дацыг'а
| ''Дацыда
|-
|-
! colspan="2" | Third
| Amen.
| ''Тоцы
| Amin.
| ''Тоци
| Amin.
| ''-тыци
| Амин.
| ''Тоцу
| ''-тыцу
| ''Тоцыно
| ''Тоцыг'а
| ''Тоцыда
|-
|-
|}
|}
 
<br>
The clitic suffixes are used to form {{wp|Polypersonal agreement|Polypersonal verbs}}.
{{wp|Universal Declaration of Human Rights}} article 1:
 
==Adjectives and Adverbs==
{{wp|Comparison (grammar)|Comparison}} forms of [[wikipedia:Adjective|Adjectives]] and [[wikipedia:Adverb|Adverbs]]:
 
* '''Positive''' - Bassic form of the word: big - ''ян
* '''Negative''' - Negation of the word: '''un'''big* -  '''''ре-'''ян
* '''Comparitive''' - Form for comparison relative to something: big'''ger''' -  '''''п'а-'''ян
* '''Superlative''' - Form showing absolute relative to a group: big'''gest''' -  '''''не-'''ян
 
==Verbs==
===Copula===
The clitic word order for the copula verb in standart Tayamo is OV, but if it's stressed its SVO.
In the western dialects the copula can be left out unless it's stressed, instead using the pronouns.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! colspan="3" | Number &<br>Person
! Old {{wp|Latin script|latin}}
! {{H:title|бях/was|Past}}
| Susî hodosî demațî tacanec̓ahîsîdehî coroțî ga motoțî hânemada ga dârepuțîda.<br>Toțî eric̓ahîsîdehî sâuesâtîg̓a ga consâtințîg̓a, ga doți ne tentehîtâți ca sanațî țauda hanasâteno.
! {{H:title|бил/been|Resultative<br>participle}}
! {{H:title|съм/am|Present}}
! {{H:title|ще бъда/will be|Future}}
! {{H:title|бих/would|Aorist}}
! {{H:title|бъди/be!|Imperative}}
|-
! rowspan="3" | Singular
! colspan="2" | First
| ''рыт'а
| ''рыюн
| ''рын
| ''я рын
| ''рылун
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
|-
! colspan="2" | Second
| rowspan="2" | ''рыц'а
| ''рыюўа
| ''рыўа
| ''я рыўа
| ''рылуўа
| ''рыўай
|-
! colspan="2" | Third
| ''рыю
| ''ры
| ''я ры
| ''рылу
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
|-
|-
! rowspan="4" | Plural
! New {{wp|Latin script|latin}}
! colspan="2" | First
| Susy hodosy demacy takanek'ahysydehy korocy ga motocy hynemada ga dyrepucyda.<br>Tocy erik'ahysydehy sywesytygha ga konsytincygha, ga doci ne tentehytyci ka sanacy tocyno cawda hanasyteno.
| ''рыт'ары
| ''рыюнры
| ''рынры
| ''я рынры
| ''рылунры
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
|-
|-
! colspan="2" | Second
! {{wp|Cyrillic script|Cyrillic}}
| rowspan="2" | ''рыц'ары
| Сусы ходосы демацы таканек'ахысыдехы короцы га мотоцы хынемада га дырепуцыда.<br>Тоцы ерик'ахысыдехы сыўесытыг'а га консытинцыг'а, га доци не тентехытыци ка санацы тоцыно цаўда ханасытено.
| ''рыюўары
| ''рыўары
| ''я рыўары
| ''рылуўары
| ''рыўарый
|-
|-
! colspan="2" | Third
! {{wp|English language|English}}
| ''рыюры
| All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.<br>They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
| ''рыры
| ''я рыры
| ''рылуры
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
|-
|-
|}
|}
 
<br>
===Tense, Aspect, Mood===
Numerals from 1-10:
The language allows pro drop, where the pronoun can be dropped from the sentance becouse it is inflicted by the verb conjugation, the pronoun can be added for the purpose to add stress to the one doing the action.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | Number &<br>Person
! rowspan="2" |  
! colspan="5" | Indicative
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|English language|English}}
! rowspan="2" | Imperative
! colspan="3" | Tayamo
|-
|-
! Past imperfect
! old {{wp|Latin script|latin}}
! Past/Present<br>perfect
! new {{wp|Latin script|latin}}
! Present
! {{wp|Cyrillic script|cyrillic}}
! Future
! Past Future
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" | Singular
! 1
! First
| One
| ''ката'''т'а'''<br>ма'''т'а'''
|Tițî ||Ticy ||Тицы
| ''ката'''юн'''<br>ма'''юн'''
| ''ката'''н'''<br>ма'''н'''
| '''''я''' ката'''н'''<br>'''я''' ма'''н'''
| '''''ят'а''' ката'''н'''<br>'''ят'а''' ма'''н'''
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
|-
|-
! Second
! 2
| rowspan="2" | ''ката'''к'а'''<br>ма'''к'а'''
| Two
| ''ката'''юўа'''<br>ма'''юўа'''
|Mițî ||Micy ||Мицы
| ''ката'''ўа'''<br>ма'''ўа'''
| '''''я''' ката'''ўа'''<br>'''я''' ма'''ўа'''
| '''''яц'а''' ката'''ўа'''<br>'''яц'а''' ма'''ўа'''
| ''ката'''й'''<br>ма'''й'''
|-
|-
! Third
! 3
| ''ката'''ю'''<br>ма'''ю'''
| Three
| ''ката<br>ма
|Rețî ||Recy ||Рецы
| '''''я''' ката<br>'''я''' ма
| '''''яц'а''' ката<br>'''яц'а''' ма
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
|-
|-
! rowspan="4" | Plural
! 4
! First
| Four
| ''ката'''т'ацы'''<br>ма'''т'ацы'''
|Iuțî ||Yucy ||Юцы
| ''ката'''юнцы'''<br>ма'''юнцы'''
| ''ката'''нцы'''<br>ма'''нцы'''
| '''''я''' ката'''нцы'''<br>'''я''' ма'''нцы'''
| '''''ят'а''' ката'''нцы'''<br>'''ят'а''' ма'''нцы'''
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
|-
|-
! Second
! 5
| rowspan="2" | ''ката'''к'ацы'''<br>ма'''к'ацы'''
| Five
| ''ката'''юўцы'''<br>ма'''юўцы'''
|Cațî ||Kacy ||Кацы
| ''ката'''ўцы'''<br>ма'''ўцы'''
| '''''я''' ката'''ўцы'''<br>'''я''' ма'''ўцы'''
| '''''яц'а''' ката'''ўцы'''<br>'''яц'а''' ма'''ўцы'''
| ''ката'''цый'''<br>ма'''цый'''
|-
|-
! Third
! 6
| ''ката'''юцы'''<br>ма'''юцы'''
| Six
| ''ката'''цы'''<br>ма'''цы'''
|Ticadațî ||Tikadacy ||Тикадацы
| '''''я''' ката'''цы'''<br>'''я''' ма'''цы'''
| '''''яц'а''' ката'''цы'''<br>'''яц'а''' ма'''цы'''
| style="background:#F0F0F0" |
|-
|-
|}
! 7
:ката - say, tell
| Seven
:ма - see
|Micadațî ||Mikadacy ||микадацы
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Imperfective verb
! 8
! Perfective verb
| Eight
! Meaning
|Recadațî ||Rekadacy ||Рекадацы
|-
|-
| ''арин
! 9
| ''жан арин
| Nine
| i read
|Iucadațî ||Yukadacy ||Юкадацы
|-
|-
| ''ахен
! 10
| ''жан ахен
| Ten
| i fly
|(Ne)nețî ||(Ne)necy ||(Не)нецы
|-
| ''сайн
| ''жа сайн
| i write
|-
| ''ц'ан
| ''жа ц'ан
| i shoot
|-
|-
|}
|}


=Examples=
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TBA
[[Category:Tayamo]] [[Category:Hondonia]] [[Category:Languages in Anteria]]
 
[[Category:Tayamo]] [[Category:Anteria]]

Latest revision as of 22:48, 30 April 2022

Tayamo
Tayamese
T'ayasy itama, Itama t'ayamono
(T̓aiasî itama, Itama t̓aiamono)
Т'аясы итама, Итама т'аямоно
Pronunciation[ˈt’ajas̻ɨ ˈitama]
Native to
  •  Hondonia
    • Taiamenia
    • Coasta de Ploaie
      • Insula Kairi
    • Insula Giulce
RegionNew Roumania, Hrastmozh, Kairi and Giulce islands
EthnicityTayamo people
Native speakers
790,000 (2018)
Dialects
  • Mainland
  • Eastern
  • Western
Latin
Cyrillic
Language codes
ISO 639-1tm
ISO 639-2tym
ISO 639-3tym
GlottologNone
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For a guide to IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Tayamo (also known as Tayamese) ([ˈtʰajəmoʊ̯], Tayamo: T'ayasy itama Т'аясы итама [ˈt’ajas̻ɨ ˈitama], Itama t'ayamono Итама т'аямоно [ˈitama ˈt’ajamono]) is a pre-Thuado-Thrismaran language spoken in southern Thuadia. It is a recognized regional langauge in Hondonia and Kentalis as well as the Sekidean Union. The language is spoken by approximately 900 million people. It has 3 main dialect groups: Mainland, Eastern, and Western (also known as the Hrastmozh dialect).

Classification and status

With a lot of foreign influence during the last few centuries the language has taken in a lot of Thuado-Thrismaran and even some Aschari influence, due to which the modern grammar is very poluted compared to it's original form, of which there are very little texts, due to active periods of supressions from more powerfull nations, which makes the language hard to classify, some believe it to be a relative of the now extinct Hewehetan language in Hondonia. The status of the langauge is classiffied as Vigorous, the language is spoken by majority of the ethnic Tayamese population.

Orthography

Tayamo is written in the latin script in Hondonia and in the cyrillic script in Kentalis. The modern Tayamo latin alphabet was developed in 1978 during a language de-roumanization reform in 1970s, the old latin alphabet is still common to see in old signs, while the cyrillic alphabet was based on various alphabets from diferent langauge who use cyrillic.

Modern Tayamese Latin alphabet:

A a B b C c C' c' D d E e F f G g
Gh gh H h I i J j K k K' k' L l M m
N n O o P p P' p' Q q R r S s T t
T' t' U u V v W w X x Y y Z z Zh zh

Tayamese cyrillic alphabet:

А а Б б В в Г г Г' г' Д д Е е Ж ж
З з И и Й й К к К' к' Л л М м Н н
О о П п П' п' Р р С с Т т Т' т' У у
Ў ў Ф ф Х х Ц ц Ц' ц' Ч ч Ш ш
Ъ ъ Ы ы Ь ь Ю ю Я я
Order 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
Latin upper case A B C C' D E F G Gh H I J K K' L M N O P P' Q R S T T' U V W X Y Z Zh
Latin lower case a b c c' d e f g gh h i j k k' l m n o p p' q r s t t' u v w x y z zh
Cyrillic upper case А Б Ц Ц' Д Е Ф Г Г' Х И Ж К К' Л М Н О П П' К Р С Т Т' У В Ў Кс Ы Ж З
Cyrillic lower case а б ц ц' д е ф г г' х и ж к к' л м н о п п' к р с т т' у в ў кс ы ж з
IPA sound a b t͡s̻ t͡s̻ʼ d ɛ f* ɡ ʁ̟ x i k l* m n o p k ɾ t u ʋ~w ks ɨ d͡z̻

In the latin alphabet, the letters ⟨y⟩ /j/ and ⟨w⟩ ~w/ are used only when the sounds are the onsets of a syllable, while i and u are used for when the sounds are in the coda position or when some affixes are used (т'аў / t'au - т'аўу / t'auu; ўара / wara - ўарай / warai). The letter ⟨в⟩ is sometimes used as a substitude for ⟨ў⟩.

Phonology

Vowels

Tayamo has six vowels. It's common for speakers to reduce the vowels which arent in the stressed syllable.

Front Central back
Close i ɨ u
Mid ɛ o
Open a

Consonants

Tayamo distinguished between voiced, voiceless and ejective consonants.

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar
Plosive/
Affricate
voiced b d d͡z̻ ɡ
voiceless p t t͡s̻ k
ejective t͡s̻ʼ
Fricative voiced ʁ̟
voiceless x
Nasal m n
Approximant ʋ~w j
Rhotic ɾ

Grammar

Language examples

Lord's prayer:

English Tayamo (old latin) Tayamo (new latin) Tayamo (cyrillic)
Our Father in heaven, Ba coțîno uahațîdata, Ba kocyno wahacyda'ta, Ба коцыно ўахацыда'та,
hallowed be your name. ne de danasî catamata udano. ne de danasy katama'ta udano. не де данасы катама'та удано.
Your kingdom come. Ne to odorata udano. Ne to odora'ta udano. Не то одора'та удано.
Your will be done, Tarata udațî iuchesîiade Tara'ta udacy yukesyyade, Тара'та удацы юкесыяде,
on earth as it is in heaven. aetadata mato uahațîdatade. aet'ada'ta mato wahacyda'tade. ает'ада'та мато ўахацыда'таде.
Give us today our daily bread Hansîta honsî p̓ita coțîno dahonda Hansy'ta honsy p'ita kocyno dahonda Хонсы'та хонсы п'ита коцыно дахонда
and forgive us our debts, ga iunai dag̓a coțîno, ga yunai dagha kocyno, га юнай даг'а коцыно,
as we forgive our debtors. mato conâțî iuanonahî dag̓azîțu coțîno. mato konycy yuananohy daghazycu kocyno. мато коныцы юнанохы даг'ажыцу коцыно.
And do not bring us into temptation, Ga retaucâți sâkusâmada, Ga retaukyci sykusymada, Га ретаўкыци сыкусымада,
but rescue us from the evil one. a c̓auaicâți cara tatarîsîta. a k'awaikyci kara tatarysy'ta. а к'аўайкыци кара татарысы'та.
Amen. Amin. Amin. Амин.


Universal Declaration of Human Rights article 1:

Old latin Susî hodosî demațî tacanec̓ahîsîdehî coroțî ga motoțî hânemada ga dârepuțîda.
Toțî eric̓ahîsîdehî sâuesâtîg̓a ga consâtințîg̓a, ga doți ne tentehîtâți ca sanațî țauda hanasâteno.
New latin Susy hodosy demacy takanek'ahysydehy korocy ga motocy hynemada ga dyrepucyda.
Tocy erik'ahysydehy sywesytygha ga konsytincygha, ga doci ne tentehytyci ka sanacy tocyno cawda hanasyteno.
Cyrillic Сусы ходосы демацы таканек'ахысыдехы короцы га мотоцы хынемада га дырепуцыда.
Тоцы ерик'ахысыдехы сыўесытыг'а га консытинцыг'а, га доци не тентехытыци ка санацы тоцыно цаўда ханасытено.
English All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.


Numerals from 1-10:

English Tayamo
old latin new latin cyrillic
1 One Tițî Ticy Тицы
2 Two Mițî Micy Мицы
3 Three Rețî Recy Рецы
4 Four Iuțî Yucy Юцы
5 Five Cațî Kacy Кацы
6 Six Ticadațî Tikadacy Тикадацы
7 Seven Micadațî Mikadacy микадацы
8 Eight Recadațî Rekadacy Рекадацы
9 Nine Iucadațî Yukadacy Юкадацы
10 Ten (Ne)nețî (Ne)necy (Не)нецы