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{{Infobox geopolitical organization
{{Infobox geopolitical organization
|conventional_long_name = United Commonwealth of Victoria    
|conventional_long_name = United Commonwealth of Victoria            
|native_name = {{lang|fr|Commonwealth uni de Victoria}}         
|image_flag = [[File:800px-A_possible_flag_of_the_United_States_of_America_displaying_53_stars.svg.png|150px]]     
|image_flag = [[File:United Commonwealth of Victoria..png|150px]]     
|symbol_type = Coat of Arms       
|symbol_type = Coat of Arms       
|image_symbol = [[File:Victoria Coat of Arms.png|100px]]          
|image_symbol = [[File:0b2ba4f3908094f8b9de97725ce043a5.png|80px]]            
|motto = <br/>{{native phrase|la|"Scutum Spesque Libertatis"|italics=off}}           
|motto = <br/>{{native phrase|la|"Virtus Sola Invicta"|italics=off}}           
|englishmotto = "The Shield of Hope, and the Hope of Liberty"     
|englishmotto = "Virtue Alone Is Invincible"     
|anthem = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t7S_07E-9CA Chester]  
|anthem = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t7S_07E-9CA Chester]  
|image_map =         
|image_map =         
|capital = [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C. Georgetown V.D.C]
|capital = [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C. Georgetown D.C]
|largest_city = [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City New York City]
|largest_city = [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City New York City]
|languages_type =Official Languages:   
|languages_type =Official Languages:   
|languages = {{hlist |[[English language|English]] |[[French language|French]]}}  
|languages = {{hlist |[[English language|English]]}}  
|ethnic_groups =
|ethnic_groups =
{{unbulleted list
| ethnic_groups          = {{plainlist|'''[[Race and ethnicity in the United States|By race]]:'''
  |{{nowrap|61.6% White}}
* 61.6% [[White Americans|White]]
  | 15% African American
* 12.4% [[w:African Americans|Black]]
  | 8% Asian
* 6.0% [[Asian Americans|Asian]]
  | 4% Native American
* 1.1% [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
  | 0.4% Pacific Islander
* 0.2% [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]]
  | 10.4% Multiracial
* 10.2% [[Multiracial Americans|Multiracial]]
  | 3.1% Other
* 8.5% Others}} {{plainlist|'''By Hispanic or Latino origin:'''
}}
* 18.7% [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]
* 81.3% Non-Hispanic or Latino}}
| ethnic_groups_year    = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|government_type = Federal presidential constitutional republic
|government_type = Federal presidential constitutional republic
|demonym = Victorian
|demonym = Victorian
|leader_title1 = Monarch     
|leader_title1 = Monarch     
|leader_name1 = Queen Elizabeth II
|leader_name1 = Queen Elizabeth II
|leader_title2 = President General    
|leader_title2 = President     
|leader_name2 = Kamala Harris
|leader_name2 = John Kerry
|leader_title14 = First Minister  
|leader_title14 = First Minister  
|leader_name14 = Justin Trudeau
|leader_name14 = Antony Blinken
|legislature = Continental Congress
|legislature = Continental Congress
|upper_house = {{nowrap|Senate}}
|upper_house = {{nowrap|Senate}}
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|sovereignty_type = Independence {{nobold|from the United Kingdom}}
|sovereignty_type = Independence {{nobold|from the United Kingdom}}
|established =       
|established =       
|established_event1 = Declaration of Independence  
| established_event1     = [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration]]
|established_date1 = July 4th, 1776
| established_date1     = July 4, 1776
|established_event2 = British North America Act, 1779
| established_event2     = [[Confederation Period|Confederation]]
|established_date2 = March 1, 1779
| established_date2     = March 1, 1781
|established_event8 = Current Constitution
| established_event3    = [[Treaty of Paris (1783)|Treaty of Paris]]
|established_date8 = November 19, 1800
| established_date3      = September 3, 1783
|established_event9 = Patriation
| established_event4    = [[Constitution of the United States|Constitution]]
|established_date9 = August 17, 1970
| established_date4      = June 21, 1788
|established_event10 = Last Commonwealth Admitted
| established_event5    = [[Reuification]]
|established_date10 = November 19, 2020
| established_date5      = April 10, 1902
| established_event6    = [[Hawaii Admission Act|Last commonwealth admitted]]
| established_date6      = August 21, 1959
|area_km2 = 16,516,558           
|area_km2 = 16,516,558           
|area_sq_mi = 6,377,079       
|area_sq_mi = 6,377,079       
Line 54: Line 57:
|area_label2 =       
|area_label2 =       
|area_dabodyalign =   
|area_dabodyalign =   
|population_estimate = 324,231,879
|population_estimate = 335,231,879
|population_estimate_year = 2021  
|population_estimate_year = 2021  
|population_density_km2 = 19
|population_density_km2 = 19
|population_density_sq_mi = 48.2
|population_density_sq_mi = 48.2
|GDP_nominal = $21.478 Trillion
|GDP_nominal = $22.318 Trillion
|GDP_nominal_year = 2021
|GDP_nominal_year = 2021
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $64,687
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $67,852
|GDP_rank = 1st
|Gini = 47.2             
|Gini = 47.2             
|Gini_ref =         
|Gini_ref =         
|Gini_year = 2021
|Gini_year = 2021
|Gini_change = increase
|Gini_change = increase
|HDI = 0.929              
|HDI = 0.927              
|HDI_ref =           
|HDI_ref =           
|HDI_year = 2021
|HDI_year = 2021
Line 83: Line 87:
}}
}}


Commonwealth of Victoria (U.C.V or UCV; French Commonwealth uni de Victoria or CUV) commonly known as Victoria is a country primarily located in North America. Its 55 commonwealth, one federal district, nine incorporated territories, one major unincorporated territory, and some minor possessions expand from the Atlantic to Pacific Oceans, Northward to the Arctic Ocean and southward to the Caribbean Sea and Columbus Channel. Victoria is the 3rd most populous nation and largest nation in land size. The western land border of Victoria is shared with Tsarskaya Zemlya while the eastern border is shared with Champlain. Victoria also holds limited maritime borders with Cuba, The Dominican Republic, France, Haiti, Spain, Atogoku, The Netherlands, and Venezuela. The nation's capital is Georgetown V.D.C, and its three largest metropolitan areas are New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles.  
The United Commonwealth of Victoria (U.C.V. or UCV), commonly known as Victoria, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 53 Commonwealth, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, 330 Indian reservations, and 20 minor outlying islands. At nearly 4 million square miles (10 million square kilometers), it is the world's fourth-largest country by land area and third-largest by total area. Victoria shares land and maritime borders with Canada, Champlain, and Acadia to the north and Mexico to the south as well as maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, Netherlands, and Japan With more than 335 million people, it is the third most populous country in the world. The national capital is Georgetown, D.C., and the most populous city and financial center is New York City.


Indigenous peoples have continuously inhabited what is now Victoria for thousands of years. European's began the exploration of North America beginning with Christopher Columbus' who landed in the modern-day state of The Bahamas in 1492. France, England, and Spain consolidated control over the Caribbean and eastern North America. As a consequence of various armed conflicts and a rebellion in the colonies, France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763. Disputes with Great Britain over taxation and political representation led to the Victorian Revolutionary War (1775–1778), declaring Victorian independence. A ceasefire in the conflict was reached in 1778, the colonies were united into a federal dominion in 1779, while the current constitution was established in 1800. In 1830 the Northeastern Commonwealth of Victoria; Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut were separated from Victoria by The British Empire to quell rampant anti slavery unrest. At the behest of the British, Victoria expanded across North America through the conquest of French, Mexican, Texan and Native territory. Increased autonomy in foreign affairs was granted in 1865 with Victoria declared war on Spain in 18XX. Victoria entered into World War I in 1917 and World War II in 1941, cementing its role as a global superpower. In the Cold War, Victoria and the Soviet Union engaged in proxy conflicts in Korea and Vietnam but avoided direct confrontation. The two superpowers competed in the Space Race, culminating in the 1969 spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. In 1991 the collapse of the Soviet Union left Victoria as the world’s biggest superpower.
Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago, and European colonization began in the 16th century. Victoria emerged from the Thirteen British Colonies established along the East Coast. Disputes with Great Britain over taxation and political representation led to the Victorian Revolutionary War (1775–1783), which established the nation's independence. In the late 18th century, Victoria began expanding territory across North America, gradually obtaining new territories, sometimes through war, frequently displacing Native Americans, and admitting new Commonwealth. The enslavement of African Americans was legal in Southern Victoria until the second half of the 19th century, when the Victorian Civil War led to its abolition. The Spanish–Victorian War and World War I established Victoria as a world power, and the aftermath of World War II left Victoria and the Soviet Union as the world's two superpowers. During the Cold War, both countries fought in the Korean and Vietnam War but avoided direct armed conflict. The two nations competed in the Space Race, culminating in the 1969 Victorian spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. The Soviet Union's dissolution in 1991 ended the Cold War, leaving Victoria as the world's sole superpower. In the post–Cold War era, Victoria has engaged in several conflicts in the Middle East.


Victoria is a federal semi-parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy in the Westminster tradition. The head of government is the First Minister—who holds office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the House of Representatives with support of the Senate. The First Minister is appointed by the President-General, an elected representative of the Monarch, who is Head of State. The country is a Commonwealth realm and is officially bilingual with English and French serving as its two official languages. Fifteen other languages are also recognized by the federal government. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, and education. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many other countries.
Victoria is a federal presidential constitutional republic with three separate branches of government, including a bicameral legislature. It is a founding member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of Victorian Commonwealth, and other international organizations. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. Victoria is a member of multiple military alliances, including NATO, AUKUS, and unilateral alliances with Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Jeongmi, and Nishikoka. Considered a melting pot of cultures and ethnicities, its population is profoundly shaped by centuries of immigration. Victoria is a liberal democracy; it ranks high in international measures of economic freedom, quality of life, education, and human rights; and it has low levels of perceived corruption. Unlike other western democracies, Victoria lacks universal health care, retains capital punishment, and has high levels of incarceration and inequality.[24]


A highly developed country, Victoria has the tenth highest nominal per-capita income globally and ranks highly in several measures of socioeconomic performance, including average wage, human development, and productivity per person. Its advanced economy is the world's largest by nominal GDP and 2nd largest by GDP (PPP). The Victorian economy is considered post-industrial and characterized by the dominance of services. However, the country still retains a significant manufacturing sector. Victoria is a member of several international organizations including the United Nations, Commonwealth of Nations, NATO, the G7, Group of 10, the G20, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Organization of Victoria Commonwealth (OVC), the Arctic Council, the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation among others.
Victoria is a highly developed country, and its economy accounts for approximately a quarter of global GDP and is the world's largest by GDP at market exchange rates. By value, Victoria is the world's largest importer and second-largest exporter of goods. Although its population is only 4.2% of the world's total, it holds over 30% of the total wealth in the world, the largest share held by any country. Making up more than a third of global military spending, the Victoria is the foremost military power in the world and a leading political, cultural, and scientific force.[25]


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
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The name "United Commonwealth of Victoria" was developed during the Victorian Revolutionary War. The first evident usage of the term dates to January 2, 1776. A letter from Stephen Moylan to Joseph Reed, aide-de-camp to George Washington, his wish to go "with full and ample powers from the United Commonwealth of Victoria to France" to help support the Revolutionary war effort. The term appeared in the Virginia Gazette of Williamsburg, Virginia on April 6, 1776, the first known publication of the name.
The name "United Commonwealth of Victoria" was developed during the Victorian Revolutionary War. The first evident usage of the term dates to January 2, 1776. A letter from Stephen Moylan to Joseph Reed, aide-de-camp to George Washington, his wish to go "with full and ample powers from the United Commonwealth of Victoria to France" to help support the Revolutionary war effort. The term appeared in the Virginia Gazette of Williamsburg, Virginia on April 6, 1776, the first known publication of the name.


Thomas Jefferson wrote "UNITED COMMONWEALTH OF VCTORIA" in all capitalized letters in the headline of the rough draft of the Declaration of Independence, which surfaced July 21, 1776. The second draft of the Articles of Confederation, prepared by John Dickinson and completed no later than June 17, 1776, declared "The name of this Confederation shall be the 'United Commonwealth of Victoria'." The finalized version, sent to the states for ratification in 1777 read "The Stile of this Confederacy shall be 'The United Commonwealth of Victoria'." It is unclear whether Jefferson or Dickinson was the first to use the phrase in their documents.
Thomas Jefferson wrote "UNITED COMMONWEALTH OF VCTORIA" in all capitalized letters in the headline of the rough draft of the Declaration of Independence, which surfaced July 21, 1776. The second draft of the Articles of Confederation, prepared by John Dickinson and completed no later than June 17, 1776, declared "The name of this Confederation shall be the 'United Commonwealth of Victoria'." The finalized version, sent to the Commonwealth for ratification in 1777 read "The Stile of this Confederacy shall be 'The United Commonwealth of Victoria'." It is unclear whether Jefferson or Dickinson was the first to use the phrase in their documents.
 
During the 1778 armistice negotiations in Baltimore, the finalized armistice agreement between the British and Victorian governments read "The government of the United Commonwealth of Victoria shall be allowed to continue under His Majesty the King". When the British North America Act, 1779 was being voted upon, debate in Parliament arose about the name and whether or not the British could change it in good faith. Consensus was eventually reached that the name should not be changed on the basis that the 1778 agreement generally agreed to keeping the name.
 
The short form "Victoria" is also standard. Other common forms are the "U.C.", the "UCV", and "Vic". Colloquial names are the "U.C. of V." and, internationally, the "Commonwealth". "Columbia", a name popular in poetry and songs of the late 18th century, derives its origin from Christopher Columbus; many landmarks and institutions in the Western Hemisphere bear his name, including the country of Colombia.
 
A citizen of Victoria is an "Victorian". "Vic", "Victorian" and "U.C." refer to the country adjectivally ("Victorian values", "U.C. forces"). In English, the word "Victoria" rarely refers to topics or subjects not directly connected with the United Commonwealth of Victoria.


==History==
==History==


==Geography, climate, and environment==
==Geography, climate, and environment==

Latest revision as of 18:43, 31 May 2022

United Commonwealth of Victoria
800px-A possible flag of the United States of America displaying 53 stars.svg.png
Flag
0b2ba4f3908094f8b9de97725ce043a5.png
Coat of Arms
Motto: 
"Virtus Sola Invicta" (Latin)
"Virtue Alone Is Invincible"
Anthem: Chester
CapitalGeorgetown D.C
Largest cityNew York City
Official Languages:
Ethnic groups
(2020)
By race:
By Hispanic or Latino origin:
Demonym(s)Victorian
GovernmentFederal presidential constitutional republic
• Monarch
Queen Elizabeth II
• President
John Kerry
• First Minister
Antony Blinken
LegislatureContinental Congress
Senate
House of Representatives
Independence from the United Kingdom
July 4, 1776
March 1, 1781
September 3, 1783
June 21, 1788
April 10, 1902
August 21, 1959
Area
• 
16,516,558 km2 (6,377,079 sq mi)
Population
• 2021 estimate
335,231,879
• Density
19/km2 (49.2/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)2021 estimate
• Total
$22.318 Trillion
• Per capita
$67,852
Gini (2021)Negative increase 47.2
high
HDI (2021)Increase 0.927
very high (16th)
CurrencyVictorian Dollar ($) ((VD))
Time zone(UTC+10 to -4)
Driving sideright
Calling code+1
Internet TLD.vc

The United Commonwealth of Victoria (U.C.V. or UCV), commonly known as Victoria, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 53 Commonwealth, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, 330 Indian reservations, and 20 minor outlying islands. At nearly 4 million square miles (10 million square kilometers), it is the world's fourth-largest country by land area and third-largest by total area. Victoria shares land and maritime borders with Canada, Champlain, and Acadia to the north and Mexico to the south as well as maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, Netherlands, and Japan With more than 335 million people, it is the third most populous country in the world. The national capital is Georgetown, D.C., and the most populous city and financial center is New York City.

Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago, and European colonization began in the 16th century. Victoria emerged from the Thirteen British Colonies established along the East Coast. Disputes with Great Britain over taxation and political representation led to the Victorian Revolutionary War (1775–1783), which established the nation's independence. In the late 18th century, Victoria began expanding territory across North America, gradually obtaining new territories, sometimes through war, frequently displacing Native Americans, and admitting new Commonwealth. The enslavement of African Americans was legal in Southern Victoria until the second half of the 19th century, when the Victorian Civil War led to its abolition. The Spanish–Victorian War and World War I established Victoria as a world power, and the aftermath of World War II left Victoria and the Soviet Union as the world's two superpowers. During the Cold War, both countries fought in the Korean and Vietnam War but avoided direct armed conflict. The two nations competed in the Space Race, culminating in the 1969 Victorian spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. The Soviet Union's dissolution in 1991 ended the Cold War, leaving Victoria as the world's sole superpower. In the post–Cold War era, Victoria has engaged in several conflicts in the Middle East.

Victoria is a federal presidential constitutional republic with three separate branches of government, including a bicameral legislature. It is a founding member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of Victorian Commonwealth, and other international organizations. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. Victoria is a member of multiple military alliances, including NATO, AUKUS, and unilateral alliances with Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Jeongmi, and Nishikoka. Considered a melting pot of cultures and ethnicities, its population is profoundly shaped by centuries of immigration. Victoria is a liberal democracy; it ranks high in international measures of economic freedom, quality of life, education, and human rights; and it has low levels of perceived corruption. Unlike other western democracies, Victoria lacks universal health care, retains capital punishment, and has high levels of incarceration and inequality.[24]

Victoria is a highly developed country, and its economy accounts for approximately a quarter of global GDP and is the world's largest by GDP at market exchange rates. By value, Victoria is the world's largest importer and second-largest exporter of goods. Although its population is only 4.2% of the world's total, it holds over 30% of the total wealth in the world, the largest share held by any country. Making up more than a third of global military spending, the Victoria is the foremost military power in the world and a leading political, cultural, and scientific force.[25]

Etymology

In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a world map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America in honor of the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci (Latin: Americus Vespucius). Vespucci was the first to consider that the West Indies were a new landmass rather than the eastern extent of Asia. Gerardus Mercator, a Flemish cartographer, applied the term to the entire Western Hemisphere on his 1538 map.

The name "United Commonwealth of Victoria" was developed during the Victorian Revolutionary War. The first evident usage of the term dates to January 2, 1776. A letter from Stephen Moylan to Joseph Reed, aide-de-camp to George Washington, his wish to go "with full and ample powers from the United Commonwealth of Victoria to France" to help support the Revolutionary war effort. The term appeared in the Virginia Gazette of Williamsburg, Virginia on April 6, 1776, the first known publication of the name.

Thomas Jefferson wrote "UNITED COMMONWEALTH OF VCTORIA" in all capitalized letters in the headline of the rough draft of the Declaration of Independence, which surfaced July 21, 1776. The second draft of the Articles of Confederation, prepared by John Dickinson and completed no later than June 17, 1776, declared "The name of this Confederation shall be the 'United Commonwealth of Victoria'." The finalized version, sent to the Commonwealth for ratification in 1777 read "The Stile of this Confederacy shall be 'The United Commonwealth of Victoria'." It is unclear whether Jefferson or Dickinson was the first to use the phrase in their documents.

History

Geography, climate, and environment