Havlanca: Difference between revisions
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| common_name = Havlanca | | common_name = Havlanca | ||
| native_name = República Havlancense Federal | | native_name = República Havlancense Federal | ||
| image_flag = | | image_flag = Havlanca Flag 3.jpeg | ||
| alt_flag = | | alt_flag = | ||
| image_coat = | | image_coat = | ||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
| coordinates = | | coordinates = | ||
| largest_city = {{wp|Curitiba}} | | largest_city = {{wp|Curitiba}} | ||
| official_languages = | | official_languages = {{wp|Portuguese language|Portuguese}} | ||
| ethnic_groups = | | ethnic_groups = | ||
{{unbulleted list | {{unbulleted list | ||
| Line 34: | Line 34: | ||
| government_type = {{wp|Federated state|Federal}} {{wp|semi-presidential republic}} | | government_type = {{wp|Federated state|Federal}} {{wp|semi-presidential republic}} | ||
| leader_title1 = President | | leader_title1 = President | ||
| leader_name1 = | | leader_name1 = Maria Bastos Espíndola | ||
| leader_title2 = Prime Minister | | leader_title2 = Prime Minister | ||
| leader_name2 = | | leader_name2 = Heitor Cavalheiro Leite | ||
| legislature = | | legislature = Federal Assembly | ||
| upper_house = | | upper_house = | ||
| lower_house = | | lower_house = | ||
|sovereignty_type = Independence from {{wp|Empire of Brazil|Brazil}} | |sovereignty_type = Independence from {{wp|Empire of Brazil|Brazil}} | ||
|sovereignty_note = | |sovereignty_note = | ||
|established_event1 = | |established_event1 = [[Havlancan War of Independence|Gaúcho Rebellion]] | ||
|established_date1 = 20 September 1835 | |established_date1 = 20 September 1835 | ||
|established_event2 = | |established_event2 = [[Baixa Havlanca]] | ||
|established_date2 = 11 September 1836 | |established_date2 = 11 September 1836 | ||
|established_event3 = | |established_event3 = [[Havlancan Confederation]] | ||
|established_date3 = 29 July 1839 | |established_date3 = 29 July 1839 | ||
|established_event4 = Paraná Annexation | |established_event4 = [[Paraná Annexation]] | ||
|established_date4 = 15 November 1842 | |established_date4 = 15 November 1842 | ||
|established_event5 = Independence Recognised | |established_event5 = Independence Recognised | ||
| Line 63: | Line 63: | ||
| population_density_sq_mi = | | population_density_sq_mi = | ||
| population_density_rank = | | population_density_rank = | ||
| GDP_PPP = $2. | | GDP_PPP = $2.221 trillion | ||
| GDP_PPP_rank = | | GDP_PPP_rank = | ||
| GDP_PPP_year = 2023 | | GDP_PPP_year = 2023 | ||
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $ | | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $73,564 | ||
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | ||
| GDP_nominal = $2.135 trillion | | GDP_nominal = $2.135 trillion | ||
| Line 78: | Line 78: | ||
| Gini_year = 2023 | | Gini_year = 2023 | ||
| HDI_year = 2023 | | HDI_year = 2023 | ||
| HDI = 0. | | HDI = 0.896 | ||
| HDI_change = increase | | HDI_change = increase | ||
| HDI_rank = | | HDI_rank = | ||
| Line 90: | Line 90: | ||
| calling_code = 597 | | calling_code = 597 | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Havlanca''', officially the '''Federal Havlancan Republic''' ({{wp|Portuguse language|Portuguese}}: ''República Havlancense Federal'') is a country in {{wp|South America}}. It borders {{wp|Brazil}} to the north, the {{wp|Atlantic Ocean}} to the east, {{wp|Uruguay}} to the southwest, and {{wp|Argentina}} and {{wp|Paraguay}} to the west. Havlanca covers an area of approximately 576,774 km² (222,964 sq mi) and has a population of around 30.1 million. | '''Havlanca''', officially the '''Federal Havlancan Republic''' ({{wp|Portuguse language|Portuguese}}: ''República Havlancense Federal'') is a country in {{wp|South America}}. It borders {{wp|Brazil}} to the north, the {{wp|Atlantic Ocean}} to the east, {{wp|Uruguay}} to the southwest, and {{wp|Argentina}} and {{wp|Paraguay}} to the west. Havlanca covers an area of approximately 576,774 km² (222,964 sq mi) and has a population of around 30.1 million. {{wp|Lages}} is the capital while the largest city is {{wp|Curitiba}} and main financial hub is {{wp|Porto Alegre}}. Other major urban areas include {{wp|Cascavel}}, {{wp|Florianópolis|Desterro}}, {{wp|Caxias do Sul}}, {{wp|Joinville}}, {{wp|Londrina}}, {{wp|Maringá}}, and {{wp|Pelotas}}. | ||
The area that became | The area that became Havlanca was first inhabited by groups of {{wp|Hunter–gatherer|hunter–gatherers}} over 10,000 years ago. The predominant tribe at the moment of the {{wp|Portuguese colonization of the Americas|arrival of European people}} was the {{wp|Guaraní people}}. European colonization in Havlanca started with the arrival of {{wp|Portuguese people}} and {{wp|Spanish people|Spanish}} {{wp|Jesuit}} missionaries in the {{wp|Colony of Brazil}}. The territory would emerge as a disputed between {{wp|Spanish Empire|Spain}} and {{wp|Portuguse Empire|Portugal}}, as such the {{wp|Kingdom of Portugal|monarchy}} encouraged the immigration of settlers from the {{wp|Azores|Azores Islands}} to build up a Portuguese population. | ||
German immigrants arrived in Brazil soon after it {{wp|Independence of Brazil|gained independence from Portugal}} in 1822. They were recruited to work as farmers and were granted large tracts where they could settle with their families and colonize the region. German immigrantion was also supported by a network private groups that promoted large scale {{wp|European immigration to the Americas |immigration of Europeans to the Americas}}. These groups created rural communities or colonies for immigrants, many of which developed into large cities, such as {{wp|Blumenau}} and {{wp|Joinville}}. A notable number of {{wp|Italian people|Italian}}, {{wp|Dutch people|Dutch}}, and {{wp|French people|French}} immigrants also arrived and settled in the region. | German immigrants arrived in Brazil soon after it {{wp|Independence of Brazil|gained independence from Portugal}} in 1822. They were recruited to work as farmers and were granted large tracts where they could settle with their families and colonize the region. German immigrantion was also supported by a network private groups that promoted large scale {{wp|European immigration to the Americas |immigration of Europeans to the Americas}}. These groups created rural communities or colonies for immigrants, many of which developed into large cities, such as {{wp|Blumenau}} and {{wp|Joinville}}. A notable number of {{wp|Italian people|Italian}}, {{wp|Dutch people|Dutch}}, and {{wp|French people|French}} immigrants also arrived from {{wp|Europe}} and settled in the region throughout the decade. | ||
The area would develop into a booming trade hub before being abruptly disrupted by the ourbreak of the {{wp|Cisplatine War}}. As a response to the Empire's defeat and increasingly harsh taxation, several | The area would develop into a booming trade hub before being abruptly disrupted by the ourbreak of the {{wp|Cisplatine War}}. As a response to the Empire's defeat and increasingly harsh taxation, several republican movements began to unify and rebel against Brazilian authority. [[Baixa Havlanca]] would declare its independence from Brazil in 1836, starting the [[Havlancan War of Independence]]. Supported heavily by the neighbouring {{wp|Argentine Confederation}} and {{wp|Uruguay}}, Baixa Havlanca would form the [[Havlancan Confederation]] with [[Alta Havlanca]] in 1839 before defeating Brazil at the [[Battle of Ponta Grossa]], allowing for the {{wp|Paraná (state)|annexation of Paraná}} to form modern Havlanca. Brazil recognised its independence in 1845. | ||
Since its independence from Brazil the country has seen several periods of vast economic development which has allowed it to become the richest and most developed country in {{wp|Americas|the Americas}} behind the {{wp|United States}} and {{wp|Canada}}. Two of Latin America's largest ports are located in Havlanca and many {{wp|multinational corporation|multinational corportations}} have set up regional headquarters in {{wp|Porto Alegre}}. Tourism and banking are also prominent sectors of the economy; Havlanca acts as a regional hub for international finance and tourism. In recent years discoveries of pockets of {{wp|Petroleum|crude oil}} and {{wp|natural gas}} have further enhanced the future economic outlook of the country. | |||
In terms of politics the country has been largely dominated by the [[Patria Sulista]] party which has governed Havlanca for 130 of its 187 years as an independent state. Despite this Havlanca has maintained a relatively healthy democractic tradition which has not been plauged with the same levels of instability experienced across {{wp|Latin America}} historically. The [[Espíndola family]] has played an important role in Havlancan politics with the family being in power between 1870-1930, [[Federal Havlancan Military Aurthority|1965-1992]], and most recently since 2018 with the election of [[Maria Bastos Espíndola]]. | |||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
| Line 111: | Line 114: | ||
===Military=== | ===Military=== | ||
{{main|Havlancan | {{main|Havlancan Armed Forces}} | ||
===Foreign relations=== | ===Foreign relations=== | ||
Latest revision as of 04:43, 12 September 2023
 | This article is incomplete because it is pending further input from participants, or it is a work-in-progress by one author. Please comment on this article's talk page to share your input, comments and questions. Note: To contribute to this article, you may need to seek help from the author(s) of this page. |
Federal Havlancan Republic República Havlancense Federal | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
| Motto: "Liberdade ou Morte" "Liberty or Death" | |
| Anthem: "Um Juramento ao Sul" "An Oath to the South" | |
 | |
| Capital | Lages |
| Largest city | Curitiba |
| Official languages | Portuguese |
| Ethnic groups (2023) |
|
| Religion | Roman Catholic |
| Demonym(s) | Havlancan, Havlancense |
| Government | Federal semi-presidential republic |
• President | Maria Bastos Espíndola |
• Prime Minister | Heitor Cavalheiro Leite |
| Legislature | Federal Assembly |
| Independence from Brazil | |
| 20 September 1835 | |
| 11 September 1836 | |
| 29 July 1839 | |
| 15 November 1842 | |
• Independence Recognised | 1 March 1845 |
• Current Constitution | 8 February 1992 |
| Area | |
• Total | 576,774 km2 (222,694 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2023 census | 30,192,315 |
• Density | 52/km2 (134.7/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $2.221 trillion |
• Per capita | $73,564 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $2.135 trillion |
• Per capita | $70,713 |
| Gini (2023) | 43.2 medium |
| HDI (2023) |  0.896very high |
| Currency | Cruzeiro (C$) |
| Time zone | UTC-3 (HST) |
| Date format | mm-dd-yyyy |
| Calling code | 597 |
Havlanca, officially the Federal Havlancan Republic (Portuguese: República Havlancense Federal) is a country in South America. It borders Brazil to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Uruguay to the southwest, and Argentina and Paraguay to the west. Havlanca covers an area of approximately 576,774 km² (222,964 sq mi) and has a population of around 30.1 million. Lages is the capital while the largest city is Curitiba and main financial hub is Porto Alegre. Other major urban areas include Cascavel, Desterro, Caxias do Sul, Joinville, Londrina, Maringá, and Pelotas.
The area that became Havlanca was first inhabited by groups of hunter–gatherers over 10,000 years ago. The predominant tribe at the moment of the arrival of European people was the Guaraní people. European colonization in Havlanca started with the arrival of Portuguese people and Spanish Jesuit missionaries in the Colony of Brazil. The territory would emerge as a disputed between Spain and Portugal, as such the monarchy encouraged the immigration of settlers from the Azores Islands to build up a Portuguese population.
German immigrants arrived in Brazil soon after it gained independence from Portugal in 1822. They were recruited to work as farmers and were granted large tracts where they could settle with their families and colonize the region. German immigrantion was also supported by a network private groups that promoted large scale immigration of Europeans to the Americas. These groups created rural communities or colonies for immigrants, many of which developed into large cities, such as Blumenau and Joinville. A notable number of Italian, Dutch, and French immigrants also arrived from Europe and settled in the region throughout the decade.
The area would develop into a booming trade hub before being abruptly disrupted by the ourbreak of the Cisplatine War. As a response to the Empire's defeat and increasingly harsh taxation, several republican movements began to unify and rebel against Brazilian authority. Baixa Havlanca would declare its independence from Brazil in 1836, starting the Havlancan War of Independence. Supported heavily by the neighbouring Argentine Confederation and Uruguay, Baixa Havlanca would form the Havlancan Confederation with Alta Havlanca in 1839 before defeating Brazil at the Battle of Ponta Grossa, allowing for the annexation of Paraná to form modern Havlanca. Brazil recognised its independence in 1845.
Since its independence from Brazil the country has seen several periods of vast economic development which has allowed it to become the richest and most developed country in the Americas behind the United States and Canada. Two of Latin America's largest ports are located in Havlanca and many multinational corportations have set up regional headquarters in Porto Alegre. Tourism and banking are also prominent sectors of the economy; Havlanca acts as a regional hub for international finance and tourism. In recent years discoveries of pockets of crude oil and natural gas have further enhanced the future economic outlook of the country.
In terms of politics the country has been largely dominated by the Patria Sulista party which has governed Havlanca for 130 of its 187 years as an independent state. Despite this Havlanca has maintained a relatively healthy democractic tradition which has not been plauged with the same levels of instability experienced across Latin America historically. The Espíndola family has played an important role in Havlancan politics with the family being in power between 1870-1930, 1965-1992, and most recently since 2018 with the election of Maria Bastos Espíndola.