Law enforcement in the Russian Empire

Law enforcement in the Russian Empire is the responsibility of a variety of different agencies. The Russian police are the primary law enforcement agency and the Internal Security Service is the main domestic security agency.

Agencies

• Ministry of Internal Affairs:
  • The Police of Russia provide public security functions.
  • The Main Directorate of Emergencies and Civil Defence is responsible for the civil defence regulation, protection from fire and has own troops.
• Ministry of Justice:
  • Imperial Service of Punishment Execution (ISIN) is responsible for the penal correction and prison system of Russia
• Internal Security Service (SVB) is the domestic security service. Responsible for anti-terrorism operations.
  • The Border Service is subordinate to the SVB and responsible for border protection, surveillance and coast guard.
• Russian Customs Service
• Ministry of Defence
  • Russian Military Police provides the service police function for all branches of the Russian Armed Forces.
• Tsar of Russia
  • The Russian Guard provide a gendarmerie function, supporting the Politsiya and dealing with large-scale riots and internal armed conflicts. They also provide security for highly-important facilities (such as nuclear power plants).
  • The Leib Guard is responsible for the protection of Russian state property and high-ranking government personnel, including the Tsar of Russia.

Prisons

Prisons in Russia are administered by the Imperial Service of Punishment Execution and can be categorized under four types of facilities: pre-trial institutions; educative or juvenile labor colonies; corrective labour colonies; and prisons.

The corrective labour colony (Исправительно-трудовая колония, ИТК, ispravitelno-trudovaya koloniya, ITK) is the most common, with 760 institutions 2004 across the many administrative divisions of Russia.

Autonomous polities

The Russian Empire controls three autonomous polities: the Grand Ducky of Finland, the Emirate of Bukhara and the Khanate of Kiva.

• Grand Duchy of Finland:
  • Police of Finland
• Emirate of Bukhara
  • Emir's Police
• Khanate of Khiva
  • Khan's Police

See also

• Russian Intelligence Community