Doddegowdankoppal: Difference between revisions
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|common_name = <!--Common name in English (used for wikilinks, captions, and to produce a default iso3166 code)--> Doddegowdankoppal | |common_name = <!--Common name in English (used for wikilinks, captions, and to produce a default iso3166 code)--> Doddegowdankoppal | ||
|status = <!--Status of country, especially useful for micronations--> | |status = <!--Status of country, especially useful for micronations--> | ||
|image_flag = <!--e.g. Flag of country.svg--> Flag of India.svg | |image_flag = <!--e.g. Flag of country.svg--> File:Gandhi's Original Flag of India Proposal.svg | ||
|alt_flag = <!--alt text for flag (text shown when pointer hovers over flag)--> | |alt_flag = <!--alt text for flag (text shown when pointer hovers over flag)--> | ||
|flag_border = <!--set to no to disable border around the flag--> | |flag_border = <!--set to no to disable border around the flag--> yes | ||
|image_flag2 = <!--e.g. Second-flag of country.svg--> | |image_flag2 = <!--e.g. Second-flag of country.svg--> | ||
|alt_flag2 = <!--alt text for second flag--> | |alt_flag2 = <!--alt text for second flag--> | ||
|flag2_border = <!--set to no to disable border around the flag--> | |flag2_border = <!--set to no to disable border around the flag--> | ||
|image_coat = <!--e.g. Coat of arms of country.svg--> | |image_coat = <!--e.g. Coat of arms of country.svg--> File:Interpreted_Azad_Hind_Gov._emblem.svg | ||
|alt_coat = <!--alt text for coat of arms--> | |alt_coat = <!--alt text for coat of arms--> | ||
|symbol_type = <!--emblem, seal, etc (if not a coat of arms)--> | |symbol_type = <!--emblem, seal, etc (if not a coat of arms)--> | ||
|symbol_footnote = <!--optional reference or footnote for the symbol caption--> | |symbol_footnote = <!--optional reference or footnote for the symbol caption--> | ||
|national_motto = <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists--> | |national_motto = <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists--> {{native phrase|hin|सत्य की हमेशा जीत होती है}}<br>satya kī hameśā jīta hotī hai | ||
|englishmotto = <!--English language version of motto--> | |englishmotto = <!--English language version of motto--> {{lang-en|Truth alone triumphs}} | ||
|national_anthem = <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists--> [[File:MediaPlayer.png|link=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nBMXwgw7tbc]] | |national_anthem = <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists--> [[File:MediaPlayer.png|link=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nBMXwgw7tbc]] | ||
|royal_anthem = <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists--> | |royal_anthem = <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists--> | ||
| Line 133: | Line 133: | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
The first explorer in Doddegowdankoppal | ===Early Explorations and Portuguese Influence (1494-1600)=== | ||
The history of Doddegowdankoppal, a picturesque territory nestled along the western coast of the Indian Subcontinent, began with its encounter with the outside world in the late 15th century. The first documented arrival on its shores was by the renowned Spanish explorer, José Suárez de Rivera, who anchored his caravel in 1494. Drawn by tales of unfathomable beauty and exotic lands, Suárez de Rivera marveled at the pristine beaches, cascading emerald hills, and vibrant flora that adorned Doddegowdankoppal's coastline. His letters to the Castilian monarchs were filled with wonder and admiration; he described the melodic songs of local birds, the lush abundance of coconuts swaying like dancers in the gentle breeze, and the rich hues of hues in the sunsets that seemed to set the sky ablaze. | |||
Suárez de Rivera's expedition marked the beginning of European awareness of this serene land. Though the Spanish claimed their short-lived discovery, it was the Portuguese who soon followed in a visionary quest for spice routes and territorial dominance. Establishing trading posts along the coast, they heralded an era of exchange that brought new cultural influences into Doddegowdankoppal while introducing local populations to foreign goods. This interaction left indelible marks on the social fabric and economy of the region. | |||
===The Era of Trade and Cultural Exchanges (1600-1800)=== | |||
As the 17th century unfolded, Doddegowdankoppal transformed into a vibrant hub of trade. Merchant ships from far-flung regions docked at its bustling ports, lured by the aromas of cardamom, black pepper, and cashews that permeated the air. This burgeoning commerce attracted adventurers and settlers alike, each contributing to the rich tapestry of Doddegowdankoppal’s culture. | |||
The Zoroastrian merchants from Persia introduced intricate artistry in trades and influenced the local architecture with their exquisite craftsmanship. Meanwhile, Tamil and Kannada-speaking laborers migrated in search of better opportunities, enriching the culinary landscape with their diverse traditions. The amalgamation resulted in a cultural kaleidoscope, evident in festivals celebrated across the land, where spices were as important as melodies—the sounds of Joyful celebrations filling cities as dancers twirled in traditional attire. | |||
In this dynamic environment, converted and intermingled communities began emerging. Indigenous beliefs existed harmoniously alongside new ones. Temples adorned with symbolic representations flourished, serving as focal points of worship and gathering places for diverse groups. Over time, Doddegowdankoppal became known for its skilled artisans, who created masterpieces that would be traded for magnolia silk from China and deep indigo dye from Indonesia. | |||
===Colonial Conquests and Struggles for Independence (1800-1947)=== | |||
As with many regions touching the shores of the vast Indian Ocean, Doddegowdankoppal faced incursions from colonial powers during the 18th century. The British East India Company set its sights on controlling strategic maritime routes and expanding land holdings, leading to political machinations that significantly altered the region's landscape. Following aggressive maneuverings in nearby territories, Doddegowdankoppal fell under British influence. | |||
The period saw industrial advancement but also social upheaval. Local farmers became tenant laborers on their ancestral lands, inciting unrest that surged through the agrarian heart of Doddegowdankoppal. Amidst poverty and discontent brewed a spirit of resistance fueled by leaders who emerged from various factions of society. Education campaigns were initiated, fostering a sense of nationalism across generations. | |||
High-profile events marked this struggle for freedom—the 1857 rebellion igniting a wider flame of political consciousness that transcended ethnic identities within Doddegowdankoppal's boundaries. The fire kindled by freedom fighters inspired protests leading to independence movements that echoed through cities and villages alike. | |||
===Post-Independence Era and Modern Development (1947-Present)=== | |||
When India gained independence in 1947, Doddegowdankoppal became a part of a newly sovereign nation while asserting its own identity amidst diversity. The newly formed government focused on rebuilding infrastructure and integrating various factions into a cohesive society. | |||
In recent decades, Doddegowdankoppal has undergone remarkable transformation with substantial investments in education and technology sectors. The state has attracted innovations rooted in sustainable practices, showcasing traditional agriculture paired with modern techniques—sustainable palm oil extraction alongside organic farming methods that honor its rich soil. | |||
Today, Doddegowdankoppal is celebrated not only for its scenic beauty but also for its resilience—a melting pot of cultures harnessing historical depth as it strides into a progressive future. Archival remnants stand testament to a storied past; history books echo with tales of José Suárez de Rivera’s mesmerizing accounts and accounts of people whose lives intertwined to create a uniquely vibrant identity within the broader Indian tapestry. | |||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
| Line 186: | Line 214: | ||
|Dec mean C = 18.8 | |Dec mean C = 18.8 | ||
|year mean C = | |year mean C = | ||
|precipitation colour = green | |||
|Jan precipitation mm = 93.4 | |Jan precipitation mm = 93.4 | ||
|Feb precipitation mm = 296.7 | |Feb precipitation mm = 296.7 | ||
|Mar precipitation mm = 403.0 | |Mar precipitation mm = 403.0 | ||
|Apr precipitation mm = | |Apr precipitation mm = 244.9 | ||
|May precipitation mm = | |May precipitation mm = 213.5 | ||
|Jun precipitation mm = | |Jun precipitation mm = 322.7 | ||
|Jul precipitation mm = | |Jul precipitation mm = 303.3 | ||
|Aug precipitation mm = | |Aug precipitation mm = 191.1 | ||
|Sep precipitation mm = | |Sep precipitation mm = 179.2 | ||
|Oct precipitation mm = | |Oct precipitation mm = 171.2 | ||
|Nov precipitation mm = | |Nov precipitation mm = 90.0 | ||
|Dec precipitation mm = | |Dec precipitation mm = 63.5 | ||
|year precipitation mm = | |year precipitation mm = | ||
|source 1 = [[http://www.nameofwebsite.com NAME OF THE WEBSITE]] | |source 1 = [[http://www.nameofwebsite.com NAME OF THE WEBSITE]] | ||
| Line 221: | Line 250: | ||
{{Weather box/concise_C | {{Weather box/concise_C | ||
| location=Bhikampur ('' | | location=Bhikampur (''Cfb'') | ||
| sctemp= | | sctemp= | ||
| 6.7|9.8|13.8|19.5|22.5|28.3|24.8|21.5|20.2|17.1|12.0|8.7<!--highs--> | | 6.7|9.8|13.8|19.5|22.5|28.3|24.8|21.5|20.2|17.1|12.0|8.7<!--highs--> | ||
Latest revision as of 16:08, 21 November 2024
Republic of Doddegowdankoppal | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
| Motto: सत्य की हमेशा जीत होती है (Hindi) satya kī hameśā jīta hotī hai English: Truth alone triumphs | |
Anthem:  | |
.svg) | |
| Capital | Kanakamachutram |
| Official languages | Hindi Sanskrit English |
| Recognised regional languages | Tamil Malayalam Telugu Kannada and approximately other 1225 languages |
| Religion (2019) | 84.96% Hinduism 10.57% Islam 4.31% Christianity 0.16% Other or not specified |
| Demonym(s) | Doddegowdankoppali |
| Government | Federal one-party socialist state |
| Establishment | |
• Independence | July 10, 1947 |
• Republic | December 26, 1949 |
• Revolution | September 16, 1955 |
| Area | |
• Total | 3,287,263 km2 (1,269,219 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 9.6 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 1,375,586,000 |
• Density | 418.3/km2 (1,083.4/sq mi) |
| Gini | 2.5 low |
| HDI | 0.877 very high |
| Currency | Rupee |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 |
• Summer (DST) | not observed |
| Driving side | left |
Doddegowdankoppal (IPA: doːɻəgouðankopaɻ) is a country in Southeast Asia, part of the Indian Subcontinent and ranked as the second most populous countries in the world. It’s divided in 28 states and 8 Union Territories and its capital and largest city is Kanakamachutram. It’s vast history starts many centuries before the Christian Era. The civilization known as Indus Valley civilization is said to start around the year 3300 BCE.
History
Early Explorations and Portuguese Influence (1494-1600)
The history of Doddegowdankoppal, a picturesque territory nestled along the western coast of the Indian Subcontinent, began with its encounter with the outside world in the late 15th century. The first documented arrival on its shores was by the renowned Spanish explorer, José Suárez de Rivera, who anchored his caravel in 1494. Drawn by tales of unfathomable beauty and exotic lands, Suárez de Rivera marveled at the pristine beaches, cascading emerald hills, and vibrant flora that adorned Doddegowdankoppal's coastline. His letters to the Castilian monarchs were filled with wonder and admiration; he described the melodic songs of local birds, the lush abundance of coconuts swaying like dancers in the gentle breeze, and the rich hues of hues in the sunsets that seemed to set the sky ablaze.
Suárez de Rivera's expedition marked the beginning of European awareness of this serene land. Though the Spanish claimed their short-lived discovery, it was the Portuguese who soon followed in a visionary quest for spice routes and territorial dominance. Establishing trading posts along the coast, they heralded an era of exchange that brought new cultural influences into Doddegowdankoppal while introducing local populations to foreign goods. This interaction left indelible marks on the social fabric and economy of the region.
The Era of Trade and Cultural Exchanges (1600-1800)
As the 17th century unfolded, Doddegowdankoppal transformed into a vibrant hub of trade. Merchant ships from far-flung regions docked at its bustling ports, lured by the aromas of cardamom, black pepper, and cashews that permeated the air. This burgeoning commerce attracted adventurers and settlers alike, each contributing to the rich tapestry of Doddegowdankoppal’s culture.
The Zoroastrian merchants from Persia introduced intricate artistry in trades and influenced the local architecture with their exquisite craftsmanship. Meanwhile, Tamil and Kannada-speaking laborers migrated in search of better opportunities, enriching the culinary landscape with their diverse traditions. The amalgamation resulted in a cultural kaleidoscope, evident in festivals celebrated across the land, where spices were as important as melodies—the sounds of Joyful celebrations filling cities as dancers twirled in traditional attire.
In this dynamic environment, converted and intermingled communities began emerging. Indigenous beliefs existed harmoniously alongside new ones. Temples adorned with symbolic representations flourished, serving as focal points of worship and gathering places for diverse groups. Over time, Doddegowdankoppal became known for its skilled artisans, who created masterpieces that would be traded for magnolia silk from China and deep indigo dye from Indonesia.
Colonial Conquests and Struggles for Independence (1800-1947)
As with many regions touching the shores of the vast Indian Ocean, Doddegowdankoppal faced incursions from colonial powers during the 18th century. The British East India Company set its sights on controlling strategic maritime routes and expanding land holdings, leading to political machinations that significantly altered the region's landscape. Following aggressive maneuverings in nearby territories, Doddegowdankoppal fell under British influence.
The period saw industrial advancement but also social upheaval. Local farmers became tenant laborers on their ancestral lands, inciting unrest that surged through the agrarian heart of Doddegowdankoppal. Amidst poverty and discontent brewed a spirit of resistance fueled by leaders who emerged from various factions of society. Education campaigns were initiated, fostering a sense of nationalism across generations.
High-profile events marked this struggle for freedom—the 1857 rebellion igniting a wider flame of political consciousness that transcended ethnic identities within Doddegowdankoppal's boundaries. The fire kindled by freedom fighters inspired protests leading to independence movements that echoed through cities and villages alike.
Post-Independence Era and Modern Development (1947-Present)
When India gained independence in 1947, Doddegowdankoppal became a part of a newly sovereign nation while asserting its own identity amidst diversity. The newly formed government focused on rebuilding infrastructure and integrating various factions into a cohesive society.
In recent decades, Doddegowdankoppal has undergone remarkable transformation with substantial investments in education and technology sectors. The state has attracted innovations rooted in sustainable practices, showcasing traditional agriculture paired with modern techniques—sustainable palm oil extraction alongside organic farming methods that honor its rich soil.
Today, Doddegowdankoppal is celebrated not only for its scenic beauty but also for its resilience—a melting pot of cultures harnessing historical depth as it strides into a progressive future. Archival remnants stand testament to a storied past; history books echo with tales of José Suárez de Rivera’s mesmerizing accounts and accounts of people whose lives intertwined to create a uniquely vibrant identity within the broader Indian tapestry.
Geography
Climate
Most of Doddegowdankoppal enjoys a tropical climate (tropical monsoon and tropical rainforest), with little variability between temperatures all year round. The Meteorological Bureau designates four seasons: Winter (December-February), Summer or pre-monsoon (March-May), Monsoon or rainy season (June-September/October), and post monsoon or autumn (October-November). The rainiest season occurs during the southwest monsoon except in the south of the country. Far in the north, a cooler climate occurs, with frequent winter snowfall due to the elevation and milder summers. In the central region, there's a humid subtropical climate. Bordering Pako (Pakistan IRL) the Thar desert has a hot arid climate, with the records of both the highest and lowest temperatures in the country. Nearly no people lives there, due to its harsh conditions and vegetation is reduced to bushes and cactus.
| Climate data for insert location | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 24.0 (75.2) |
25.8 (78.4) |
28.2 (82.8) |
31.1 (88.0) |
31.9 (89.4) |
33.6 (92.5) |
31.8 (89.2) |
30.8 (87.4) |
30.0 (86.0) |
28.8 (83.8) |
26.9 (80.4) |
24.7 (76.5) |
29.0 (84.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 18.6 (65.5) |
20.0 (68.0) |
22.6 (72.7) |
24.8 (76.6) |
26.2 (79.2) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.3 (81.1) |
26.3 (79.3) |
25.4 (77.7) |
24.1 (75.4) |
21.3 (70.3) |
18.8 (65.8) |
23.6 (74.5) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 13.2 (55.8) |
14.2 (57.6) |
16.9 (62.4) |
18.4 (65.1) |
20.5 (68.9) |
21.9 (71.4) |
22.7 (72.9) |
21.7 (71.1) |
20.7 (69.3) |
19.3 (66.7) |
15.7 (60.3) |
12.9 (55.2) |
18.2 (64.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 93.4 (3.68) |
296.7 (11.68) |
403.0 (15.87) |
244.9 (9.64) |
213.5 (8.41) |
322.7 (12.70) |
303.3 (11.94) |
191.1 (7.52) |
179.2 (7.06) |
171.2 (6.74) |
90.0 (3.54) |
63.5 (2.50) |
2,572.5 (101.28) |
| Source: [NAME OF THE WEBSITE] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Kanakamachutram (Cfa) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 31.4 (88.5) |
31.9 (89.4) |
32.3 (90.1) |
33.7 (92.7) |
37.5 (99.5) |
41.3 (106.3) |
37.8 (100.0) |
36.9 (98.4) |
33.6 (92.5) |
32.5 (90.5) |
32.2 (90.0) |
29.7 (85.5) |
34.2 (93.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 15.9 (60.6) |
17.6 (63.7) |
19.4 (66.9) |
21.1 (70.0) |
23.8 (74.8) |
26.3 (79.3) |
25.9 (78.6) |
22.1 (71.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
19.7 (67.5) |
19.4 (66.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
20.9 (69.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 59.2 (2.33) |
397.9 (15.67) |
479.8 (18.89) |
583.8 (22.98) |
296.7 (11.68) |
124.5 (4.90) |
110.2 (4.34) |
113.4 (4.46) |
125.9 (4.96) |
192.9 (7.59) |
157.6 (6.20) |
111.4 (4.39) |
2,753.3 (108.39) |
| Climate data for Santakhchan (Am) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 31.1 (88.0) |
31.0 (87.8) |
32.1 (89.8) |
33.2 (91.8) |
32.0 (89.6) |
30.0 (86.0) |
31.2 (88.2) |
31.5 (88.7) |
32.5 (90.5) |
32.5 (90.5) |
32.2 (90.0) |
31.7 (89.1) |
31.8 (89.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 22.9 (73.2) |
22.6 (72.7) |
22.4 (72.3) |
21.0 (69.8) |
21.1 (70.0) |
21.0 (69.8) |
20.3 (68.5) |
20.1 (68.2) |
21.2 (70.2) |
21.7 (71.1) |
20.4 (68.7) |
20.0 (68.0) |
21.2 (70.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 58.3 (2.30) |
88.9 (3.50) |
171.8 (6.76) |
238.8 (9.40) |
356.8 (14.05) |
736.7 (29.00) |
551.2 (21.70) |
103.4 (4.07) |
125.9 (4.96) |
183.9 (7.24) |
140.9 (5.55) |
91.1 (3.59) |
2,847.7 (112.12) |
| Climate data for Bhikampur (Cfb) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 6.7 (44.1) |
9.8 (49.6) |
13.8 (56.8) |
19.5 (67.1) |
22.5 (72.5) |
28.3 (82.9) |
24.8 (76.6) |
21.5 (70.7) |
20.2 (68.4) |
17.1 (62.8) |
12.0 (53.6) |
8.7 (47.7) |
17.1 (62.7) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −0.3 (31.5) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
3.3 (37.9) |
6.0 (42.8) |
10.8 (51.4) |
13.3 (55.9) |
17.9 (64.2) |
18.1 (64.6) |
14.2 (57.6) |
11.7 (53.1) |
3.3 (37.9) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
7.9 (46.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 53.9 (2.12) |
81.9 (3.22) |
117.6 (4.63) |
90.8 (3.57) |
71 (2.8) |
42 (1.7) |
68.9 (2.71) |
64.2 (2.53) |
29 (1.1) |
27.8 (1.09) |
28.7 (1.13) |
46 (1.8) |
721.8 (28.4) |
| Climate data for Nabalkotta (Am) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 26.9 (80.4) |
30.3 (86.5) |
34.6 (94.3) |
38.1 (100.6) |
35.4 (95.7) |
34.9 (94.8) |
33.5 (92.3) |
33.3 (91.9) |
33.5 (92.3) |
33.2 (91.8) |
31.3 (88.3) |
28.7 (83.7) |
32.8 (91.0) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 14.1 (57.4) |
17.8 (64.0) |
22.4 (72.3) |
25.3 (77.5) |
26.4 (79.5) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.4 (79.5) |
26 (79) |
24.1 (75.4) |
19.7 (67.5) |
15.2 (59.4) |
22.6 (72.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 15.4 (0.61) |
24.6 (0.97) |
36.8 (1.45) |
66 (2.6) |
129.6 (5.10) |
387.7 (15.26) |
482.7 (19.00) |
483.2 (19.02) |
436 (17.2) |
280 (11.0) |
32.7 (1.29) |
5.6 (0.22) |
2,380.3 (93.72) |
Demographics
Doddegowdankoppal is ranked as the second most populous country in the world, with 1,375,586,000 according to the last census. Most of the people live in the capital as well as in other metropolitan areas like Nabalkotta, Kanakamachutram and Santakhchan. Fertility rate is 2.3 children per woman, one of the lowest in Asia. Mortality rate is 16.6 deaths per 1000 live births.
| Population pyramid 2020 | ||||
| % | Males | Age | Females | % |
| 0.5 | 85+ | 0.4 | ||
| 0.8 | 80–84 | 1.6 | ||
| 1.7 | 75–79 | 2.1 | ||
| 1.9 | 70–74 | 2.3 | ||
| 3.7 | 65–69 | 3.0 | ||
| 5.7 | 60–64 | 5.8 | ||
| 6.2 | 55–59 | 5.2 | ||
| 7.7 | 50–54 | 5.7 | ||
| 7.8 | 45–49 | 4.2 | ||
| 5.1 | 40–44 | 2.8 | ||
| 3.9 | 35–39 | 3.6 | ||
| 4.2 | 30–34 | 3.8 | ||
| 4.4 | 25–29 | 4.0 | ||
| 4.6 | 20–24 | 4.1 | ||
| 4.7 | 15–19 | 4.2 | ||
| 4.7 | 10–14 | 4.2 | ||
| 4.3 | 5–9 | 3.9 | ||
| 4.4 | 0–4 | 4.0 | ||
Languages
According to investigations, are spoken around 1225 languages in Doddegowdankoppal, however, Hindi and English are the official and most-widely spoken languages. Sanskrit is used in religious affairs and taught at schools and universities to avoid its extinction. Tamil, Bengali and Punjabi among others are recognized as regional languages. Numerous tribes speak their native languages. In the state of Goa, Portuguese is the second most spoken language after Konkani. The foreign languages with more speakers are Chinese, English, French and Spanish. There's an keen interest among teenagers in learning Russian, French, Spanish and Chinese to gain more opportunities abroad.