Duke of Adrianople: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Latium moved page Rulers of Adrianople to Duke of Adrianople)
No edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Infobox former monarchy
{{Infobox nobility title
| royal_title      = King
| name              = Dukedom of Adrianople
| realm             = Adrianople
| image             = [[File:Coronet of a Prince of Latium.png|150px]]<br>[[file:Coat of Arms of the Duke of Adrianople.png|170px]]
| border           =
| blazon           =
| coatofarms        = Coat of Arms of the Claudius Nero Dynasty.png
| creation_date    ={{date|3 January 1046|dmy}}
| coatofarmssize    = 120px
| creation          = 2nd creation
| coatofarmscaption = [[House of Claudius#Coat of Arms|Coat of arms of the House of Claudius]]
| monarch          =
| image            = Louis XV by Maurice-Quentin de La Tour.jpg
| peerage          = [[Peerages in Latium|Peerage of Latium]]
| caption          =Constantine IV of Adrianople
| baronetage        =  
| first_monarch    = [[Peter I of Adrianople|Peter I]]
| first_holder      = [[Peter I of Adrianople]]
| last_monarch      = [[Constantine Claudius, 17th Duke of Adrianople|Constantine IV]]  
| last_holder      = [[Jason VI Augustus of Latium|Prince Jason]]
| style            = {{wp|Majesty (style)|His Majesty}}
| present_holder    = <!--[[Prince Philip of Latium]]-->
| residence        = [[Palatium Supranio]]
| heir_apparent    =
| appointer        =Hereditary
| heir _presumptive  =
| began            = 19 June 1059
| remainder_to      = [[#Succession to the title|special case]]'' ({{wp|Primogeniture|male-preference}})
| ended            = 28 November 1428
| subsidiary_titles ={{ubl
| pretender        =
| Duke of Tolosa
| Marchis of Philadelphia
| Count of Corcyra
| Count of Colonia Julia
| Viscount of Aarhusium
| Lord of Oea
| Lord of Olympia
| Lord of Durolipons
| Master of the Aventine
| Lord Palatine of the Occidens
}}
}}
The '''Rulers of Adrianople''' were a collection of dukes, and kings that reigned over the Latin city of Adrianople and even much of western Latium as independent rulers from 1059 until 1428 when the kingdom was reintegrated into the united [[Latium|Latin Empire]]. The Kingdom of Adrianople is a historiographical term created after the existence of the realm to differentiate it from what was recognized as the Latin Empire. Throughout the entire 285 year existence of the realm, the Claudii rulers of Adrianople claimed to be the rightful [[Monarchy of Latium|Latin Emperors]], due to the first king's status as the youngest son of [[Maria Augusta of Latium|Empress Maria Augusta]] and [[Michael of Adrianople|Michael V]].  
| status            = Extinct – Merged with the Crown on succession of [[Jason VI Augustus of Latium|Jason VI Augustus]]
| extinction_date  = 24 May 1997
}}
The '''Duke of Adrianople''' were a collection of dukes, and kings that reigned over the Latin city of Adrianople and even much of western Latium as independent rulers from 1059 until 1428 when the kingdom was reintegrated into the united [[Latium|Latin Empire]]. The Kingdom of Adrianople is a historiographical term created after the existence of the realm to differentiate it from what was recognized as the Latin Empire. Throughout the entire 285 year existence of the realm, the Claudii rulers of Adrianople claimed to be the rightful [[Monarchy of Latium|Latin Emperors]], due to the first king's status as the youngest son of [[Maria Augusta of Latium|Empress Maria Augusta]] and [[Michael of Adrianople|Michael V]].  


At its largest territorial extent, the rulers of Adrianople controlled much of western and southwestern Latium, including Iasonia, Utica, Aarhusium and Rutupiae. The Monarchs of Adrianople even controlled most of the territory composing the modern-day border region with [[Lyncanestria]], including the counties of Gelonia and Olybrium, from 1059 until 1149. The early dominance of Adrianople over Latium is often attributed the reinforcement levies from western Latium proper never reaching Audonia.  
At its largest territorial extent, the rulers of Adrianople controlled much of western and southwestern Latium, including Iasonia, Utica, Aarhusium and Rutupiae. The Monarchs of Adrianople even controlled most of the territory composing the modern-day border region with [[Lyncanestria]], including the counties of Gelonia and Olybrium, from 1059 until 1149. The early dominance of Adrianople over Latium is often attributed the reinforcement levies from western Latium proper never reaching Audonia.  


The sovereignty of Adrianople's monarchs came to an end on 28 November 1689, when Michael I (''Michael VI'' as Latin pretender) was defeated in battle outside of the modern-day city of Colonia Julia. Michael sued for peace, relinquished his claims on the Latin throne, and submitted to Emperor Alexander XIV. While Michael still held control over a sizable amount of territory, he was enabled to retain his non-imperial titles and swore fealty to Alexander XIV as the 26th Duke of Adrianople.  
The sovereignty of Adrianople's monarchs came to an end on 28 November 1489, when Michael I (''Michael VI'' as Latin pretender) was defeated in battle outside of the modern-day city of Colonia Julia. Michael sued for peace, relinquished his claims on the Latin throne, and submitted to Emperor Alexander XIV. While Michael still held control over a sizable amount of territory, he was enabled to retain his non-imperial titles and swore fealty to Alexander XIV as the 26th Duke of Adrianople.  
==History==
==History==
The Monarchy of Adrianople traces its roots to the Imperial Latin pretender rulers following the devastating military defeats of the Latin legions across Belisaria, and assassination of [[Peter III of Latium|Latin Emperor Peter III]] in 1059. Months before, the Latin armies led by [[Prince Constantine of Youth|Prince Constantine]], heir and eldest child of [[Maria Augusta of Latium|Empress Maria I Augusta]] was killed during the [[Battle of Saint-Nazaire]] while fighting rebellious Audonian and allied armies. The death of Prince Constantine left the armies in disarray, though his brother Prince Peter was said to have taken command afterwards, and saw the retreat from the Vannoisian frontier to defensible positions in modern-day [[Lihndos]], where they were unable to sustain any hold on defenses. Prince Constantine's death reportedly drove Empress Maria Augusta to depression, resulting in her death later that year. She was succeeded by Constantine's only son [[Maurice of Latium|Maurice]], whom was only 9 years old.  
The Monarchy of Adrianople traces its roots to the Imperial Latin pretender rulers following the devastating military defeats of the Latin legions across Belisaria, and assassination of [[Peter III of Latium|Latin Emperor Peter III]] in 1059. Months before, the Latin armies led by [[Prince Constantine of Youth|Prince Constantine]], heir and eldest child of [[Maria Augusta of Latium|Empress Maria I Augusta]] was killed during the [[Battle of Saint-Nazaire]] while fighting rebellious Audonian and allied armies. The death of Prince Constantine left the armies in disarray, though his brother Prince Peter was said to have taken command afterwards, and saw the retreat from the Vannoisian frontier to defensible positions in modern-day [[Lihndos]], where they were unable to sustain any hold on defenses. Prince Constantine's death reportedly drove Empress Maria Augusta to depression, resulting in her death later that year. She was succeeded by Constantine's only son [[Maurice of Latium|Maurice]], whom was only 9 years old.  


Latin forces were continuing to withdraw from the north and Vannoisian frontier in 1404 when a coup led by Hellenic senators assassinated the young emperor Maurice in Alexandria, naming general John Visellius the rightful Emperor, breaking the nearly 1000 years rule of the Claudii. Hearing word of his nephew's assassination, Prince Peter ordered his retreat to fall back to the city of Mauriopolis after ordering his commanders in Adrianople to raise the local levies.  
Latin forces were continuing to withdraw from the north and Vannoisian frontier in 1404 when a coup led by Hellenic senators assassinated the young emperor Peter III in Ascanium, naming general [[Theodosius I of Latium|Theodosius of Ostia]] the rightful Emperor, breaking the nearly 1000 years rule of the Claudii. Hearing word of his nephew's assassination, Prince Peter ordered his retreat to fall back to the city of Mauriopolis after ordering his commanders in Adrianople to raise the local levies.  
===The Anarchy===
===The Anarchy===
The assassination of Emperor Maurice initiated a nearly ten year long civil war between the recently proclaimed and Senate backed Emperor John V and the [[House of Claudius|Claudii]], led by Prince Peter who proclaimed himself Emperor Peter VI of the Latins. The civil war ultimately did not result in a victory for either faction and saw Latium proper split in half, with the Latin emperors ruling from Alexandria in the east and the Claudii ruling from the west in Adrianople.  
The assassination of Emperor Maurice initiated a nearly ten year long civil war between the recently proclaimed and Senate backed Emperor John V and the [[House of Claudius|Claudii]], led by Prince Peter who proclaimed himself Emperor Peter VI of the Latins. The civil war ultimately did not result in a victory for either faction and saw Latium proper split in half, with the Latin emperors ruling from Ascanium in the east and the Claudii ruling from the west in Adrianople.  
==Titles and styles==
==Family Seat==
===Claimed titles===
{{main|Palatium Supranio}}
==List of title holders==
===Sovereigns of Adrianople===
Throughout the course of the Sovereignty of Adrianople, the Claudii rulers continued to proclaim their status as the lawful [[Monarchy of Latium|Latin emperors]] in an unbroken line from [[Philip I of Latium|Emperor Philip I]] in 372. When receiving or entertaining dignitaries or other nobles, the Claudii rulers of Adrianople kept with the long old tradition of addressing the ruler as <nowiki>"Caesar"</nowiki> with the chief among his titles being <nowiki>"Emperor of the Latins"</nowiki> The Claudii rulers of Adrianople claimed the following Imperial titles:
Throughout the course of the Sovereignty of Adrianople, the Claudii rulers continued to proclaim their status as the lawful [[Monarchy of Latium|Latin emperors]] in an unbroken line from [[Philip I of Latium|Emperor Philip I]] in 372. When receiving or entertaining dignitaries or other nobles, the Claudii rulers of Adrianople kept with the long old tradition of addressing the ruler as <nowiki>"Caesar"</nowiki> with the chief among his titles being <nowiki>"Emperor of the Latins"</nowiki> The Claudii rulers of Adrianople claimed the following Imperial titles:
::''His Imperial Majesty [Name], By the Grace of God, the Most Serene and Noble, Unconquered, Emperor of the Latins, Basileus and Autokrator of the Hellenes, Most Christian and Apostolic King of Castellum and Alba, Lord of the Palatine, Conqueror and Master of Belisaria, Father of the Fatherland, First Citizen of Senate, He Who Commands the Tides of Our Sea and the Narrow Sea, Equal to the Apostles, Ruler faithful in Christ, Sword of Christ, Defender of the Faith.''
::''His Imperial Majesty [Name], By the Grace of God, the Most Serene and Noble, Unconquered, Emperor of the Latins, Basileus and Autokrator of the Hellenes, Most Christian and Apostolic King of Castellum and Alba, Lord of the Palatine, Conqueror and Master of Belisaria, Father of the Fatherland, First Citizen, He Who Commands the Tides of Our Sea and the Narrow Sea, Equal to the Apostles, Ruler faithful in Christ, Sword of Christ, Defender of the Faith.''


In addition the Ruler of Adrianople was also the Duke of Adrianople, which is the official reference for the Adrianople rulers among Latin Imperial records of the era.  
In addition the Ruler of Adrianople was also the Duke of Adrianople, which is the official reference for the Adrianople rulers among Latin Imperial records of the era.  
==List of rulers of Adrianople==
===Sovereigns of Adrianople===
{|style="text-align:center; width:100%" class="wikitable"
{|style="text-align:center; width:100%" class="wikitable"
!width=15%|Name!!width=105px|Portrait!!width=105px|Birth!!width=20%|Marriages!!width=19%|Death!!width=16|Succession right!!width=16|Notes
!width=18%|Name
!width=112px|Portrait
!width=112px|Arms
!width=16%|Birth
!width=16%|Marriages
!width=16%|Death
!Claim
|-
|-
|'''Peter I (IV)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Spurius Michael Thomas Petrus</span><br/>19 June 1059</small><br />–<br>31 August 1099|| [[Image:Afonso_V.jpg|100px]]||3 January 1027 <br>[[Alexandria (Latium)|Alexandria]]<br><br>[[Maria Augusta of Latium|Maria Augusta]] and [[Michael VI of Latium|Michael VI]]||wife,<br> 3 children||31 August 1099<br> [[Adrianople (Latium)|Adrianople]]<br>aged 72||Youngest child of [[Maria Augusta of Latium|Maria Augusta]].||
| '''[[Peter I of Adrianople|Peter I]] (IV)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Spurius Michael Iasonis Petrus</span><br>19 June 1059<br>–<br>31 August 1099
| [[File:Afonso_V.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 3 January 1027<br>[[Castellum ab Alba|Palatina]]<hr>Son of [[Maria Augusta of Latium|Maria I Augusta]]<br>and [[Michael VI of Latium|Michael VI]]
| <span style="color:grey;">(1)</span> PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Sancta Sapientia]]<br>DATE <br>2 children<hr><span style="color:grey;">(2)</span> PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Adrianople|Basilica of the Blessed Virgin]]<br>DATE <br>2 children
|28 August 1080<br>[[Adrianople]]<br>aged 71
| Uncle of [[Peter III of Latium|Peter III]]
|-
|-
|'''Constantine I (XV)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Gaius Iason Felix Alexander</span><br/>31 August 1099</small><br />–<br>4 March 1115|| [[Image:Juan_I_de_Castilla_(Ayuntamiento_de_León).jpg|100px]]||16 September 1065<br>[[Castellum ab Alba]]<br><br>son of Peter I and wife ||wife,<br> 2 children||4 March 1115<br>Adrianople<br>aged 50||Eldest son of Peter I||
| '''Constantine I (XV)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Gaius Iason Felix Alexander</span><br>31 August 1099<br>–<br>4 March 1115
| [[File:Juan_I_de_Castilla_(Ayuntamiento_de_León).jpg|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 16 September 1065<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<hr>Son of Peter I<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Adrianople|Basilica of the Blessed Virgin]]<br>DATE <br>3 children
| 4 March 1115<br>[[Adrianople]]<br>aged 50
| Son of Peter I
|-
|-
|'''Michael I (VI)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Gaius Iason Felix Alexander</span><br/>31 August 1115</small><br />–<br>4 March 1132|| [[Image:Constantine Palaiologos.jpg|100px]]||22 August 1094<br>[[Castellum ab Alba]]<br><br>son of Peter I and wife ||wife,<br> 7 children||4 March 1132<br>Adrianople<br>aged 38||Son of Constantine I||
| '''Michael I (VI)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Gaius Michael Iason Felix Arcadius</span><br>4 March 1115<br>–<br>13 June 1132
| [[File:Constantine Palaiologos.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 22 August 1094<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<hr>Son of Constantine I<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Adrianople|Basilica of the Blessed Virgin]]<br>DATE <br>7 children
| 13 June 1132<br>[[Adrianople]]<br>aged 38
| Son of Constantine I
|-
|-
|'''Leo I (VII)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Gaius Constantinus Felix Alexander</span><br/>4 March 1132</small><br />–<br>28 August 1151||[[Image:Henri_I.jpg|100px]]|| 1113<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<br><br>son of John I and wife||wife,<br> 4 children||28 August 1151<br>Adrianople<br>aged 38||Son of Michael I.||
| '''Leo I (VII)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Flavius Leo Iason Isidorus Iohannes</span><br>13 June 1132<br>–<br>28 August 1151
| [[File:Henri_I.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 1113<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<hr>Son of Michael I<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<br>DATE <br>4 children
| 28 August 1151<br>[[Adrianople]]<br>aged 38
| Son of Michael I
|-
|-
|'''Jason I (VI)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Gaius Iason Constantinus Felix</span><br/>28 August 1151</small><br />–<br>1194|| <imgur w=100>oErPzrD.png</imgur> ||1131<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<br><br>son of Jason I and wife||wife,<br> 3 children|| 1194<br>Augusta Tolosa<br>aged 63||Son of Leo I.||
| '''Jason I (VI)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Marcus Iasonis Constantinus Hadrianus</span><br>28 August 1151<br>–<br>22 April 1194
| [[File:|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 1131<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<hr>Son of Leo I<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Adrianople|Basilica of the Blessed Virgin]]<br>DATE <br>2 children
| 22 April 1194<br>Augusta Tolosa<br>aged 63
| Son of Leo I
|-
|-
|'''Constantine II (XVI)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Flavius Hadrianus Leo Peter</span><br/>1194</small><br />–<br>1229|| <imgur w=100>RtCMxEO.png</imgur> ||1184<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<br><br>son of Constantine II and wife||wife,<br> 3 children|| 1229<br>Adrianople<br>aged 45||Grandson of Jason I.||
| '''Constantine II (VXI)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Flavius Hadrianus Leo Constantinus</span><br>22 April 1194<br>–<br>1 December 1229
| [[File:|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 1184<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<hr>Son of Constantine of Adrianople<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Adrianople|Basilica of the Blessed Virgin]]<br>DATE <br>1 child
| 1 December 1229<br>Pons Claudii<br>aged 45
| Grandson of Jason I
|-
|-
|'''Leo II (VIII)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Flavius Hadrianus Leo Peter</span><br/>1229</small><br />–<br> 1245 ||[[Image:MonGranCapitan01.jpg|100px]]||1200<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<br><br>son of Adrian I and wife||wife,<br> 3 children|| 1245 <br>Adrianople<br>aged 45||Son of Constantine II||
| '''Leo II (VIII)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Gaius Hadrianus Leo Philippus</span><br>1 December 1229<br>–<br>13 April 1245
| [[File:MonGranCapitan01.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 1200<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<hr>Son of Constantine II<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<br>DATE <br>4 children
| 13 April 1245<br>Aarhusium<br>aged 45
| Son of Constantine II
|-
|-
|'''Peter II (V)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Gaius Iason Felix Alexander</span><br/>1245</small><br />–<br> 1267 ||<imgur w=100>oErPzrD.png</imgur> ||1219<br>Alexandria<br><br>son of Leo I and wife||wife,<br> 3 children|| 1267 <br>Adrianople<br>aged 48||Son of Leo II||
| '''Peter II (V)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Lucius Petrus Iasonis Iohannes</span><br>13 April 1245<br>–<br>9 May 1267
| [[File:|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 1219<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<hr>Son of Leo II<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Adrianople|Basilica of the Blessed Virgin]]<br>DATE <br>2 children
| 9 May 1267<br>Ascanium<br>aged 48
| Son of Leo II
|-
|-
|'''Constantine III (XVII)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Vopiscus Constantinus Felix Alexander</span><br/>1267</small><br />–<br> 1311 || <imgur w=100>wxPSx6P.png</imgur>  ||1254<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<br><br>son of Prince John and wife||wife,<br> 3 children|| 1311 <br>Olympia<br>aged 57||grandson of Peter II||
| '''Consatantine III (XVII)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Vopiscus Constantinus Andreas Iohannes</span><br>9 May 1267<br>–<br>26 February 1311
| [[File:|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 1254<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<hr>Son of John, Duke of Oea<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Adrianople|Basilica of the Blessed Virgin]]<br>DATE <br>4 children
| 26 February 1311<br>Olympia<br>aged 57
| Grandson of Peter II
|-
|-
|'''Jason II (VII)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Gaius Leo Philipus Iustinus</span><br/>1311</small><br />–<br> 1361 || <imgur w=100>I5rin58.png</imgur>  ||1286<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<br><br>son of Constantine III and wife||wife,<br> 3 children|| 1361 <br>Adrianople<br>aged 75||Son of Constantine III||
| '''Jason II (VII)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Gaius Iasonis Philipus Silvester</span><br>26 February 1311<br>–<br>2 September 1361
| [[File:|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 1286<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<hr>Son of Constantine III<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Adrianople|Basilica of the Blessed Virgin]]<br>DATE <br>3 children
| 2 September 1361<br>Adrianople<br>aged 75
| Son of Constantine III
|-
|-
|'''Theodosius I (I)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Faustus Petrus </span><br/>1361</small><br />–<br> 1400 || <imgur w=100>oErPzrD.png</imgur>  ||1330<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<br><br>son of Prince John and wife||wife,<br> 3 children|| 1400 <br>Salassorum<br>aged 70||Grandson of Jason II||
| '''Andreas I (III)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Andreas Silvius Petrus Theodosius</span><br>2 September 1361<br>–<br>1 November 1400
| [[File:|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 1330<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<hr>Son of Constantine III<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<br>DATE <br>3 children
| 1 November 1400<br>Salassorum<br>aged 70
| Grandson of Jason II
|-
|-
|'''John I (III)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Flavius Constans Valerius Felix</span><br/>1400</small><br />–<br> 1419 || [[Image:Piero_di_Cosimo_de%27_Medici.jpg|100px]] ||1370<br>Villa d'Iuliabona<br><br>son of Adrian of Adrianople and Maria of Adrianople||wife,<br> 3 children|| 1419 <br>Adrianople<br>aged 49||Nephew of Theodosius I||
| '''John I (III)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Gaius Constans Iohannes Valerius Maximanus</span><br>1 November 1400<br>–<br>25 June 1419
| [[File:Piero_di_Cosimo_de%27_Medici.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 1370<br>[[Oea|Villa d'Iuliabona]]<hr>Son of Adrian of Adrianople<br>and Maria of Adrianople
| PLACEHOLDER<br>Oea<br>DATE <br>6 children
| 25 June 1419<br>Adrianople<br>aged 49
| Nephew of Andreas I
|-
| '''Constantine IV (XVIII)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Flavius Michael Constantinus Iustinus</span><br>25 June 1419<br>–<br>28 November 1428
| [[File:Louis XV by Maurice-Quentin de La Tour.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png|100px]]
| 1395<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<hr>Son of John I<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| PLACEHOLDER<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<br>DATE <br>6 children
| 4 August 1448<br>[[Castellum ab Alba]]<br>aged 54
| Son of John I
|-
|-
|'''Constantine IV (XVIII)'''<br><span style="color:#0000FF;">Flavius Michael Constantinus Iordanes</span><br/>1419</small><br />–<br> 28 November 1428 || [[Image:Louis XV by Maurice-Quentin de La Tour.jpg|100px]]||1395<br>[[Palatium Supranio]]<br><br>son of Constantine IV and wife||wife,<br> 3 children|| 1449 <br>Castellum ab Alba<br>aged 54||Son of John I||
|}
|}
===Dukes of Adrianople===
===Dukes of Adrianople===
Line 90: Line 188:
* [[Jason Augustus|Jason VI Augustus of Latium]], eldest son of Leo (1963–2017)
* [[Jason Augustus|Jason VI Augustus of Latium]], eldest son of Leo (1963–2017)
* [[Constantine XX of Latium]], eldest son of Jason (b. 1994)
* [[Constantine XX of Latium]], eldest son of Jason (b. 1994)
 
==Succession==
==Future creations==
==See also==
==See also==
*[[House of Claudius]]
*[[House of Claudius]]
*[[Monarchy of Latium]]
*[[Monarchy of Latium]]
*[[Monarchies in Ajax]]
*[[Monarchies in Ajax]]
{{Latin Empire Navigation Box|state=expanded}}
[[category:Latium]]
[[category:Latium]]
[[category:Ajax]]
[[category:Ajax]]

Revision as of 00:28, 9 February 2019

Dukedom of Adrianople
File:Coronet of a Prince of Latium.png
Coat of Arms of the Duke of Adrianople.png
Creation date3 January 1046
Creation2nd creation
PeeragePeerage of Latium
First holderPeter I of Adrianople
Last holderPrince Jason
Remainder tospecial case (male-preference)
Subsidiary titles
  • Duke of Tolosa
  • Marchis of Philadelphia
  • Count of Corcyra
  • Count of Colonia Julia
  • Viscount of Aarhusium
  • Lord of Oea
  • Lord of Olympia
  • Lord of Durolipons
  • Master of the Aventine
  • Lord Palatine of the Occidens
StatusExtinct – Merged with the Crown on succession of Jason VI Augustus
Extinction date24 May 1997

The Duke of Adrianople were a collection of dukes, and kings that reigned over the Latin city of Adrianople and even much of western Latium as independent rulers from 1059 until 1428 when the kingdom was reintegrated into the united Latin Empire. The Kingdom of Adrianople is a historiographical term created after the existence of the realm to differentiate it from what was recognized as the Latin Empire. Throughout the entire 285 year existence of the realm, the Claudii rulers of Adrianople claimed to be the rightful Latin Emperors, due to the first king's status as the youngest son of Empress Maria Augusta and Michael V.

At its largest territorial extent, the rulers of Adrianople controlled much of western and southwestern Latium, including Iasonia, Utica, Aarhusium and Rutupiae. The Monarchs of Adrianople even controlled most of the territory composing the modern-day border region with Lyncanestria, including the counties of Gelonia and Olybrium, from 1059 until 1149. The early dominance of Adrianople over Latium is often attributed the reinforcement levies from western Latium proper never reaching Audonia.

The sovereignty of Adrianople's monarchs came to an end on 28 November 1489, when Michael I (Michael VI as Latin pretender) was defeated in battle outside of the modern-day city of Colonia Julia. Michael sued for peace, relinquished his claims on the Latin throne, and submitted to Emperor Alexander XIV. While Michael still held control over a sizable amount of territory, he was enabled to retain his non-imperial titles and swore fealty to Alexander XIV as the 26th Duke of Adrianople.

History

The Monarchy of Adrianople traces its roots to the Imperial Latin pretender rulers following the devastating military defeats of the Latin legions across Belisaria, and assassination of Latin Emperor Peter III in 1059. Months before, the Latin armies led by Prince Constantine, heir and eldest child of Empress Maria I Augusta was killed during the Battle of Saint-Nazaire while fighting rebellious Audonian and allied armies. The death of Prince Constantine left the armies in disarray, though his brother Prince Peter was said to have taken command afterwards, and saw the retreat from the Vannoisian frontier to defensible positions in modern-day Lihndos, where they were unable to sustain any hold on defenses. Prince Constantine's death reportedly drove Empress Maria Augusta to depression, resulting in her death later that year. She was succeeded by Constantine's only son Maurice, whom was only 9 years old.

Latin forces were continuing to withdraw from the north and Vannoisian frontier in 1404 when a coup led by Hellenic senators assassinated the young emperor Peter III in Ascanium, naming general Theodosius of Ostia the rightful Emperor, breaking the nearly 1000 years rule of the Claudii. Hearing word of his nephew's assassination, Prince Peter ordered his retreat to fall back to the city of Mauriopolis after ordering his commanders in Adrianople to raise the local levies.

The Anarchy

The assassination of Emperor Maurice initiated a nearly ten year long civil war between the recently proclaimed and Senate backed Emperor John V and the Claudii, led by Prince Peter who proclaimed himself Emperor Peter VI of the Latins. The civil war ultimately did not result in a victory for either faction and saw Latium proper split in half, with the Latin emperors ruling from Ascanium in the east and the Claudii ruling from the west in Adrianople.

Family Seat

Main article: Palatium Supranio

List of title holders

Sovereigns of Adrianople

Throughout the course of the Sovereignty of Adrianople, the Claudii rulers continued to proclaim their status as the lawful Latin emperors in an unbroken line from Emperor Philip I in 372. When receiving or entertaining dignitaries or other nobles, the Claudii rulers of Adrianople kept with the long old tradition of addressing the ruler as "Caesar" with the chief among his titles being "Emperor of the Latins" The Claudii rulers of Adrianople claimed the following Imperial titles:

His Imperial Majesty [Name], By the Grace of God, the Most Serene and Noble, Unconquered, Emperor of the Latins, Basileus and Autokrator of the Hellenes, Most Christian and Apostolic King of Castellum and Alba, Lord of the Palatine, Conqueror and Master of Belisaria, Father of the Fatherland, First Citizen, He Who Commands the Tides of Our Sea and the Narrow Sea, Equal to the Apostles, Ruler faithful in Christ, Sword of Christ, Defender of the Faith.

In addition the Ruler of Adrianople was also the Duke of Adrianople, which is the official reference for the Adrianople rulers among Latin Imperial records of the era.

Name Portrait Arms Birth Marriages Death Claim
Peter I (IV)
Spurius Michael Iasonis Petrus
19 June 1059
–
31 August 1099 		Afonso V.jpg Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 3 January 1027
Palatina
Son of Maria I Augusta
and Michael VI 		(1) PLACEHOLDER
Sancta Sapientia
DATE
2 children
(2) PLACEHOLDER
Basilica of the Blessed Virgin
DATE
2 children 		28 August 1080
Adrianople
aged 71 		Uncle of Peter III
Constantine I (XV)
Gaius Iason Felix Alexander
31 August 1099
–
4 March 1115 		Juan I de Castilla (Ayuntamiento de León).jpg Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 16 September 1065
Palatium Supranio
Son of Peter I
and PLACEHOLDER 		PLACEHOLDER
Basilica of the Blessed Virgin
DATE
3 children 		4 March 1115
Adrianople
aged 50 		Son of Peter I
Michael I (VI)
Gaius Michael Iason Felix Arcadius
4 March 1115
–
13 June 1132 		Constantine Palaiologos.jpg Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 22 August 1094
Palatium Supranio
Son of Constantine I
and PLACEHOLDER 		PLACEHOLDER
Basilica of the Blessed Virgin
DATE
7 children 		13 June 1132
Adrianople
aged 38 		Son of Constantine I
Leo I (VII)
Flavius Leo Iason Isidorus Iohannes
13 June 1132
–
28 August 1151 		Henri I.jpg Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 1113
Palatium Supranio
Son of Michael I
and PLACEHOLDER 		PLACEHOLDER
Palatium Supranio
DATE
4 children 		28 August 1151
Adrianople
aged 38 		Son of Michael I
Jason I (VI)
Marcus Iasonis Constantinus Hadrianus
28 August 1151
–
22 April 1194 		[[File:|100px]] Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 1131
Palatium Supranio
Son of Leo I
and PLACEHOLDER 		PLACEHOLDER
Basilica of the Blessed Virgin
DATE
2 children 		22 April 1194
Augusta Tolosa
aged 63 		Son of Leo I
Constantine II (VXI)
Flavius Hadrianus Leo Constantinus
22 April 1194
–
1 December 1229 		[[File:|100px]] Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 1184
Palatium Supranio
Son of Constantine of Adrianople
and PLACEHOLDER 		PLACEHOLDER
Basilica of the Blessed Virgin
DATE
1 child 		1 December 1229
Pons Claudii
aged 45 		Grandson of Jason I
Leo II (VIII)
Gaius Hadrianus Leo Philippus
1 December 1229
–
13 April 1245 		MonGranCapitan01.jpg Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 1200
Palatium Supranio
Son of Constantine II
and PLACEHOLDER 		PLACEHOLDER
Palatium Supranio
DATE
4 children 		13 April 1245
Aarhusium
aged 45 		Son of Constantine II
Peter II (V)
Lucius Petrus Iasonis Iohannes
13 April 1245
–
9 May 1267 		[[File:|100px]] Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 1219
Palatium Supranio
Son of Leo II
and PLACEHOLDER 		PLACEHOLDER
Basilica of the Blessed Virgin
DATE
2 children 		9 May 1267
Ascanium
aged 48 		Son of Leo II
Consatantine III (XVII)
Vopiscus Constantinus Andreas Iohannes
9 May 1267
–
26 February 1311 		[[File:|100px]] Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 1254
Palatium Supranio
Son of John, Duke of Oea
and PLACEHOLDER 		PLACEHOLDER
Basilica of the Blessed Virgin
DATE
4 children 		26 February 1311
Olympia
aged 57 		Grandson of Peter II
Jason II (VII)
Gaius Iasonis Philipus Silvester
26 February 1311
–
2 September 1361 		[[File:|100px]] Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 1286
Palatium Supranio
Son of Constantine III
and PLACEHOLDER 		PLACEHOLDER
Basilica of the Blessed Virgin
DATE
3 children 		2 September 1361
Adrianople
aged 75 		Son of Constantine III
Andreas I (III)
Andreas Silvius Petrus Theodosius
2 September 1361
–
1 November 1400 		[[File:|100px]] Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 1330
Palatium Supranio
Son of Constantine III
and PLACEHOLDER 		PLACEHOLDER
Palatium Supranio
DATE
3 children 		1 November 1400
Salassorum
aged 70 		Grandson of Jason II
John I (III)
Gaius Constans Iohannes Valerius Maximanus
1 November 1400
–
25 June 1419 		Piero di Cosimo de' Medici.jpg Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 1370
Villa d'Iuliabona
Son of Adrian of Adrianople
and Maria of Adrianople 		PLACEHOLDER
Oea
DATE
6 children 		25 June 1419
Adrianople
aged 49 		Nephew of Andreas I
Constantine IV (XVIII)
Flavius Michael Constantinus Iustinus
25 June 1419
–
28 November 1428 		Louis XV by Maurice-Quentin de La Tour.jpg Imperial Coat of Arms of Latium (since 2000).png 1395
Palatium Supranio
Son of John I
and PLACEHOLDER 		PLACEHOLDER
Palatium Supranio
DATE
6 children 		4 August 1448
Castellum ab Alba
aged 54 		Son of John I

Dukes of Adrianople

Other titles: Duke of Tolosa, Marchis of Philadelphia, Count of Corcyra, Count of Colonia Julia, Viscount of Aarhusium, High Lord of Gelonia, Lord of Oea, Lord of Olympia, Lord of Durolipons, Master of the Aventine, Exarch of Karchidonia, and Prince of An–Oriant, and Lord Palatine of the Occidens.
  • Constantine Claudius, 17th Duke of Adrianople (1395–1449)
  • Alexander Claudius, 18th Duke of Adrianople, son of Constantine (1421–1471)
  • Leo Claudius, 19th Duke of Adrianople, son of Alexander (1442–1483)
  • Jason Claudius 20th Duke of Adrianople, son of Leo (1475–1524)
  • Maria Claudia, 21st Duchess of Adrianople, daughter of Jason (1525–1577)
  • Philip Claudius, 22nd Duke of Adrianople, son of Maria (1544–1579)
  • John Claudius, 23rd Duke of Adrianople, brother of Philip (1546–1600)
  • Philip Claudius, 24th Duke of Adrianople, son of John (1564–1621)
  • Michael Claudius, 25th Duke of Adrianople, son of Philip (1579–1655)
  • Donus Claudius, 26th Duke of Adrianople, son of Michael (1617–1666)
  • Clementius Claudius, 27th Duke of Adrianople, grandson of Donus (1664–1677)
  • Leo Claudius, 28th Duke of Adrianople , uncle of Clementius (1658–1705)
  • Adrian Claudius, 29 Duke of Adrianople, son of Leo (1689–1714)
  • Constantine Claudius, 30th Duke of Adrianople, son of Adrian (1724–1779)
  • Jason Claudius, 31st Duke of Adrianople, son of Constantine (1753–1782)
  • Leo Claudius, 32nd Duke of Adrianople, son of Jason (1777–1830)
  • Isidorus Claudius , 33rd Duke of Adrianople, son of Leo (1809–1871)
  • Peter Claudius, 34th Duke of Adrianople, son of Isidorus (1826–1914)
  • Theodosius Claudius, 35th Duke of Adrianople, eldest son of Peter (1867–1930)
  • Jason Claudius, 36th Duke of Adrianople, eldest son of Theodosius (1900-1981)
  • Prince Leo, Duke of Apennina, eldest son of Jason (1929–1997)
  • Jason VI Augustus of Latium, eldest son of Leo (1963–2017)
  • Constantine XX of Latium, eldest son of Jason (b. 1994)

Succession

Future creations

See also

Retrieved from "https://iiwiki.us/mediawiki/index.php?title=Duke_of_Adrianople&oldid=14798"