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'''Qazhshavan''' (Qazhshavan: Марша Гел, Marşa Gel [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet| [ˈmar.ʃa ɣɛl] ]]; Маршашла, Marşaşla [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet| [ˈmar.ʃa.ʃla̽] ]]) is a unique langauge spoken in [[Thuadia|Southern Thuadia]], primarily in the [[Qazhshava|Qazhshavan Federation]] and adjacent areas. It is the only major language in the Mokhavic language family, and the most spoken. It serves as a [[wikipedia:Lingua Franca|lingua franca]] in [[Qazhshava]] and among all [[Mokhavic languages|Mokhavic peoples]].
'''Qazhshavan''' (Qazhshavan: Марша Гԙл, Marşa Gyel [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet| [ˈmar.ʃa ɣjæ̝l] ]]; Маршашла, Marşaşla [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet| [ˈmar.ʃa.ʃla̽] ]]) is a unique langauge spoken in [[Thuadia|Southern Thuadia]], primarily in the [[Qazhshava|Qazhshavan Federation]] and adjacent areas. It is the only major language in the Mokhavic language family, and the most spoken. It serves as a [[wikipedia:Lingua Franca|lingua franca]] in [[Qazhshava]] and among all [[Mokhavic languages|Mokhavic peoples]].


Qazhshavan is also the main language of some areas of Western Thrismari, being notable the case of [[Nashe]], a former colony of Qazhshava and current federal subject of [[Riamo]] where the language constitutes a major part of local culture. It is also an important factor that has contributed towards the pro-independentist movement in the region.
Qazhshavan is also the main language of some areas of Western Thrismari, being notable the case of [[Nashe]], a former colony of Qazhshava and current federal subject of [[Riamo]] where the language constitutes a major part of local culture. It is also an important factor that has contributed towards the pro-independentist movement in the region.

Revision as of 16:45, 4 April 2021

Qazhshavan
Mezhian-Qazhshavan
Марша Гԙл, Маръашла
Marşa Gyel, Marşaşla
Pronunciation [ˈmar.ʃa ɣjæ̝l]
[ˈmar.ʃa.ʃla̽]
Native toQazhshava
RegionSouthern Thuadia
Native speakers
85 million (2018)
Mokhavic
  • Khokhta
    • Qazhshavan
      Mezhian-Qazhshavan
Early form
Middle Qazhshavan
Standard forms
Mezhian (Qazhshava)
Nashean/Riamese (Riamo)
Dialects
  • Meadow
  • Hill
  • Karakach
  • Nashean/Riamese
Official status
Official language in
 Qazhshava
Regulated byQazhshavan Council of Languages
Language codes
ISO 639-1qz
ISO 639-2qzs
ISO 639-3qzs
Glottologqazh1331[1]
Qazhshavan-dia-map.png
Distribution of the language
  Absolute majority
  >35% native speakers
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For a guide to IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Qazhshavan (Qazhshavan: Марша Гԙл, Marşa Gyel [ˈmar.ʃa ɣjæ̝l] ; Маршашла, Marşaşla [ˈmar.ʃa.ʃla̽] ) is a unique langauge spoken in Southern Thuadia, primarily in the Qazhshavan Federation and adjacent areas. It is the only major language in the Mokhavic language family, and the most spoken. It serves as a lingua franca in Qazhshava and among all Mokhavic peoples.

Qazhshavan is also the main language of some areas of Western Thrismari, being notable the case of Nashe, a former colony of Qazhshava and current federal subject of Riamo where the language constitutes a major part of local culture. It is also an important factor that has contributed towards the pro-independentist movement in the region.

Basic information

Qazhshavan is a Pro-Drop agglutinative SVO/SOV language with a moderately complex syllable structure, it puts adjectives before nouns and has postpositions. It has a high number of cases (12~14) compared to its neighbors and shares very little grammar with them. The language is neutorious with its long words.

Writing system

Qazhshavan has 3 official writing systems, of which the Govoric one dominates, it also has an unnoficial verion of it's Latin alphabet which is used mainly by people outside of qazhshava or ones who aren't able to type the special characters. The Traditional Qazhshavan script is used mainly in official documents, not so much in the daily life, but it is kept allive.

Govoric alphabet:

А а Б б В в Г г Д д Е е Ж ж З з И и
Й й К к Л л М м Н н Ҥ ҥ О о Ө ө П п
Р р С с Т т У у Ў ў Ф ф Х х X̆ x̆ Ц ц
Дз дз Ч ч Дж.дж Ш ш Щ щ Ь ь Ы ы Ю ю Я я
Ԙ ԙ


Latin alphabet:

A a B b C c Ç ç D d Dz dz E e F f G g
H h Hh hh I i J j K k L l M m N n N̈ n̈
O o Ö ö P p Q q R r S s Ş ş T t Ts ts
U u V v W w X x Y y Ÿ ÿ Z z Ӡ ӡ
- version Govoric version Latin version IPA Symbol Notes
Offical Unofficial
А а A a /a~ɑ/
Б б B b /b/
В в V v /v/
Г г G g /ɣ/ It can get pronounced as /g/
in foreing word and/or when
its doubled or in a stressed
syllable
Д д D d /d/
Е е E e /ɛ/
Ж ж Ӡ ӡ Zh zh /ʒ/
З з Z z /z/
И и I i /i~ɨ/ When its before a vowel
it gets pronounced as /ij/.
Й й Y y /j/ Used after vowels and as
first letter.
J j is used as /j/ in forein
words.
К к K k /k/
Л л L l /l/
М м M m /m/
Н н N n /n/
Ҥ ҥ N̈ n̈ Ng ng /ŋ/
О о O o /ɔ/
Ө ө Ö ö Oe oe /ø̞/
П п P p /p/
Кф кф Q q /k͡f/
Р р R r /ɾ/
С с S s /s/
Т т T t /t/
У у U u /u~ʊ/ It gets pronounsed as
/w/ when a final vowel.
Ў ў W w /w/
Ф ф F f /f/
Х х H h /x/
X̆ x̆ Hh hh /ħ/
Ц ц Ts ts /t͡s/
Дз дз Dz dz /d͡z/
Ч ч Ç ç Ch ch /t͡ʃ/
Дж дж C c /d͡ʒ/
Ш ш Ş ş Sh sh /ʃ/
Щ щ Şt şt Sht sht //
Ь ь Y y /◌ʲ/ Used only after consonants.
J j can be it in foreign
words.
Ы ы Ý ý /ɤ~ɯ/
Ю ю Yu yu Ü ü * /ju/
Я я Ya ya Ä ä * /ja/
Ԙ ԙ Ye ye Ë ë * /jɛ~jæ̝/ Pronounciation varies
thourghout dialects
Кс кс X x
Ks ks
/k͡s/ The latin 'X x' is used only in
foreign words

Phonology

Labial Dental Alveolar Post-
alveolar
Palatal Velar Epiglottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Plosive voiceless p t k
voiced b d (ɡ)
Affricate voiceless t͡s t͡ʃ
voiced d͡z d͡ʒ
Fricative voiceless f s ʃ x ħ
voiced v z ʒ ɣ
Aproximant voiced w l j
Tap & Trill ɾ
Front Central Back
Close i~ɨ u~ʊ
ɤ~ɯ
Mid ø̞
Open-Mid ɛ
(æ̝)
ɔ
Open a~ɑ


Pronouns

Qazhshavan has basic pronouns that one would find in Common, but has 2 forms of "we" (inclusive and exclusive) as well as the 12 cases:

Translation to Common Person and number Nom. Acc. Dat. Gen. Ine. Ade. Supe. Sube. Ill. Ela. Ben. Voc.
I, Me First Singular Ԙм
Yem
Ԙми
Yemi
Ԙмити
Yemiti
Мей
Mey
Ԙмне
Yemne
Мыԙ
Mÿye
Ԙмеми
Yememi
Ԙмемөш
Yememöş
Ԙмдже
Yemce
Ԙмеж
Yemeӡ
Ԙмек
Yemek
You, Your Second Шин
Şin
Шини
Şini
Шинити
Şiniti
Ший
Şiy
Шинне
Şinne
Шыԙ
Şÿye
Шинеми
Şinemi
Шинемөш
Şinemöş
Шиндже
Şince
Шинеж
Şineӡ
Шинек
Şinek
Ши'!
Şi'!
He, him Third Ой
Oy
Ойы
Oyÿ
Ойыти
Oyÿti
Ойин
Oyin
Ойни
Oyni
Ойо
Oyo
Ойеми
Oyemi
Ойемөш
Oyemöş
Ойдже
Oyce
Ойеж
Oyeӡ
Ойек
Oyek
She, her Ай
Ay
Айы
Ayÿ
Айыти
Ayÿti
Айин
Ayin
Айни
Ayni
Ая
Aya
Аями
Ayami
Аямөш
Ayamöş
Айджа
Ayca
Аяж
Ayaӡ
Аяк
Ayak
It Лы
Lÿ
Ойы
Oyÿ
Ойыти
Oyÿti
Ойин
Oyin
Ойни
Oyni
Ойо
Oyo
Ойеми
Oyemi
Ойемөш
Oyemöş
Ойдже
Oyce
Ойеж
Oyeӡ
Ойек
Oyek
Myself First Ԙмлы
Yemlÿ
Ԙмлыи
Yemlÿi
Ԙмлыити
Yemlÿiti
Мейлы
Meylÿ
Ԙмлыне
Yemlÿne
Мылыԙ
Mÿlÿye
Ԙмлыеми
Yemlÿemi
Ԙмлыемөш
Yemlÿemöş
Ԙмлыдже
Yemlÿce
Ԙмлылеж
Yemlÿleӡ
Ԙмлыек
Yemlÿek
Yourselves Second Шинлы
Şinlÿ
Шинлыи
Şinlÿi
Шинлыити
Şinlÿiti
Шийлы
Şiylÿ
Шинлыне
Şinlÿne
Шылыԙ
Şÿlÿye
Шинлыеми
Şinlÿemi
Шинлыемөш
Şinlÿemöş
Шинлыдже
Şinlÿce
Шинлылеж
Şinlÿleӡ
Шинлыек
Şinlÿek
Himself Thirds Ойлы
Oylÿ
Ойлылы
Oylÿlÿ
Ойлылыти
Oylÿlÿti
Ойлыин
Oylÿin
Ойлыни
Oylÿni
Ойлыо
Oylÿo
Ойлыеми
Oylÿemi
Ойлыемөш
Oylÿemöş
Ойлыдже
Oylÿce
Ойлылеж
Oylÿleӡ
Ойлыек
Oylÿek
Herself Thirds Айлы
Aylÿ
Айлылы
Aylÿlÿ
Айлылыти
Aylÿlÿti
Айлыин
Aylÿin
Айлыни
Aylÿni
Айлыа
Aylÿa
Айлыами
Aylÿami
Айлыамөш
Aylÿamöş
Айлыджа
Aylÿca
Айлылаж
Aylÿlaӡ
Айлыак
Aylÿak
Itself Thirds Лылыл
Lÿlÿl
Ойлылы
Oylÿlÿ
Ойлылыти
Oylÿlÿti
Ойлыин
Oylÿin
Ойлыни
Oylÿni
Ойлыо
Oylÿo
Ойлыеми
Oylÿemi
Ойлыемөш
Oylÿemöş
Ойлыдже
Oylÿce
Ойлылеж
Oylÿleӡ
Ойлыек
Oylÿek
We, us
(Exclusive)
First Plural
(Formal)
Меԙ
Meye
Мейи
Meyi
Мейити
Meyiti
Мерши
Merşi
Мейне
Meyne
Най
Nay
Меԙми
Meyemi
Меԙмөш
Meyemöş
Мейдже
Meyce
Меԙж
Meyeӡ
Меԙк
Meyek
We, us
(Inclusive)
Мейше
Meyşe
Мейши
Meyşi
Мейшити
Meyşiti
Мешерши
Meşerşi
Мейшне
Meyşne
Найш
Nayş
Мейшеми
Meyşemi
Мейшемөш
Meyşemöş
Мейшдже
Meyşce
Мейшеж
Meyşeӡ
Мейшек
Meyşek
You (plr.) Second Шеԙ
Şeye
Шейи
Şeyi
Шейити
Şeyiti
Шерши
Şerşi
Шейне
Şeyne
Шай
Şay
Шеԙми
Şeyemi
Шеԙмөш
Şeyemöş
Шейдже
Şeyce
Шеԙж
Şeyeӡ
Шеԙк
Şeyek
Шеԙ!
Şeye!
They, them Third Але
Ale
Али
Ali
Алити
Aliti
Алерше
Alerşe
Алени
Aleni
Алай
Alay
Алеми
Alemi
Алемөш
Alemöş
Алдже
Alce
Алеж
Aleӡ
Алек
Alek
Ourselves
(exclusive)
First Меԙлы
Meyelÿ
Мейлыи
Meylÿi
Мейлыити
Meylÿiti
Мелырши
Melÿrşi
Мейлыне
Meylÿne
Найлы
Naylÿ
Мейлыеми
Meylÿemi
Мейлыемөш
Meylÿemöş
Мейлыдже
Meylÿce
Мейлылеж
Meylÿleӡ
Мейлыек
Meylÿek
Ourselves
(inclusive)
First Мейшелы
Meyşelÿ
Мейшлыи
Meyşlÿi
Мейшлыити
Meyşlÿiti
Мешлыерши
Meşlÿerşi
Мейшлыне
Meyşlÿne
Найшлы
Nayşlÿ
Мейшлыеми
Meyşlÿemi
Мейшлыемөш
Meyşlÿemöş
Мейшлыдже
Meyşlÿce
Мейшлылеж
Meyşlÿleӡ
Мейшлыек
Meyşlÿek
Yourselves Second Шеԙлы
Şeyelÿ
Шейлыи
Şeylÿi
Шейлыити
Şeylÿiti
Шелырши
Şelÿrşi
Шейлыне
Şeylÿne
Шайлы
Şaylÿ
Шейлыеми
Şeylÿemi
Шейлыемөш
Şeylÿemöş
Шейлыдже
Şeylÿce
Шейлылеж
Şeylÿleӡ
Шейлыек
Şeylÿek
Themselves Thirds Алелы
Alelÿ
Аллыи
Allÿi
Аллыити
Allÿiti
Алелырше
Alelÿrşe
Алелыни
Alelÿni
Алалый
Alalÿy
Алелыми
Alelÿmi
Алелымөш
Alelÿmöş
Аллыдже
Allÿce
Аллылеж
Allÿleӡ
Аллыек
Allÿek

Nouns

Vowel harmony

Words with the last vowel being part of the 'thich' vowels (⟨a⟩ ⟨ы/ÿ⟩ ⟨o⟩ ⟨я/ya⟩) get the vowel -a-
Words with the last vowel being part of the 'thin' vowels (⟨и/i⟩ ⟨e⟩ ⟨ө/ö⟩ ⟨y/u⟩ ⟨ю/yu⟩) get the vowel -e-

Grammatical Number

Qazhshavan has 3 grammatical numbers:

  • Singular: used for when there is exaclty 1 of the object
  • Plural: used for 2 or more of the object

Defenite article

Qazhshavan has two types of definite articles (singular and plural) and no indefinite.

Both definite articles are prefixes:
Definite singular: ан’- / an’-
Definite plural: x̆е(т)’- / hhe(t)’-

Grammatical Cases

Qazhshavan has 12 grammatical cases.

It also has the suffixes for making nouns into Adjectives and Adverbs.

Case Suffix Quastion
words
Example
Thick Harmony Thin Harmony
Nominative - -(v)л
-(v)l
кьем, тьем
kyem, tyem
(who, what)
кьел, тьел
kyel, tyel
(who, what - plr)
Тафa
Tafa
(Bow; subject)
Куч
Kuç
(Dog; subject)
Accusative -(v)ў
-(v)w
-(v)лу
-(v)lu
кьемек, тьемек
kyemek, tyemek
(whom, what)
кьелк, тьелк
kyelk, tyelk
(whom, what - plr)
Тафаў
Tafaw
(Bow; Object)
Кучеў
Kuçew
(Dog; Object)
Dative -ти
-ti
-(v)лти
-(v)lti
кьемти, тьемти
kyemti, tyemti
(to whom, to what)
кьелти, тьелти
kyelti, tyelti
(to whom, to what - plr)
Тафaти
Tafati
(to a bow)
Кучти
Kuçti
(to a dog)
Genitive -(v)н
-(v)л(v)н
-(v)n
-(v)l(v)n
кьен, тьен
kyen, tyen
(whose, what's)
кьелен, тьелен
kyelen, tyelen
(whose, whay's - plr)
Тафан
Tafan
(a bow's)
Кучен
Kuçen
(a dog's)
Inessive -(v)щ
-(v)şt
-(v)л(v)щ
-(v)l(v)şt
кьещ, тьещ
kyeşt, tyeşt
(on who, where)
Тафащ
Tafaşt
(in/inside a bow)
Кучещ
Kuçeşt
(in/inside a dog)
Adessive -(v)й
-(v)y
-(v)л(v)й
-(v)l(v)y
кьей, тьей
kyey, tyey
(next to who,/what)
кьей, тьей
kyey, tyey
(next to who,/what - plr)
Тафай
Tafay
(neer a bow)
Кучей
Kuçey
(neer a dog)
Superessive -ми
-mi
-(v)лми
-(v)lmi
кьеми, тьеми
kyemi, tyemi
(on top of who,/what)
кьеми, тьеми
kyemi, tyemi
(on top of who,/what -plr)
Тафaми
Tafami
(on top of/above a bow)
Кучми
Kuçmi
(on top of/above a dog)
Subessive -мө
-mö
-(v)лмө
-(v)lmö
кьемө, тьемө
kyemö, tyemö
(under who,/what)
кьемө, тьемө
kyemö, tyemö
(under who,/what -plr)
Тафaмө
Tafamö
(under a bow)
Кучмө
Kuçmö
(under a dog)
Illative -(v)ж
-(v)ӡ
-(v)л(v)ж
-(v)l(v)ӡ
кьеж, тьеж
kyeӡ, tyeӡ
(towards who,/what)
кьележ, тьележ
kyeleӡ, tyeleӡ
(towards who, what - plr)
Тафаж
Tafaӡ
(towards/going into a bow)
Кучеж
Kuçeӡ
(towards/going into a dog)
Elative -(v)дж(v)
-(v)c(v)
-(v)лдж(v)
-(v)lc(v)
кьеджe, тьеджe
kyece, tyece
(out of who,/what)
кьелджe, тьелджe
kyelce, tyelce
(out of who,/what - plr)
Тафаджа
Tafaca
(away from/going out of a bow)
Кучедже
Kuçece
(away from/going out of a dog)
Benefactial -(v)к
-(v)k
-(v)л(v)к
-(v)l(v)k
кьем, тьем
kyem, tyem
(for who,/what)
кьел, тьел
kyel, tyel
(for who,/what - plr)
Тафак
Tafak
(for a bow)
Кучек
Kuçek
(for a dog)
Vocative -(c)e -(v)/o Тафo
Tafo
(calling a bow)
Куче
Kuçe
(calling a dog)
Adjectives -(v)в
-(v)v
-(v)л(v)в
-(v)l(v)v
Тафaв
Tafav
(bow; adjective)
Кучeв
Kuçev
(dog; adjective)
Adverbs -(v)д
-(v)d
-(v)лд
-(v)ld
Тафaд
Tafad
(bow; adverb)
Кучeд
Kuçed
(dog; adverb)

Qazhshavan uses Comparison forms of Adjectives and Adverbs:

  • Positive - Bassic form of the word- happy - шасив / şasiv
  • Negative - Negation of the word - unhappy - нөшасив / şasiv
  • Comparitive - Form for comparison relative to something - happier - ю-шасив / yu-şasiv
  • Superlative - Form showing absolute relative to a group - happiest - я-шасив / ya-şasiv
  • Augmentative - Form showing absolute position without a relative - ultimately happy - я-я-шасив / ya-ya-şasiv

Possesive suffixes

Qazhshavan has a number of Possessive suffixes that show to whom an object belongs too, though one can use the genitive form of a pronoun instead, and by doing so bringing more emphesis on the owner.

Person & number Suffix Examples
Пал/Pal - oven Енеш/Eneş - Shirt
Thick harmony Thin harmony
1st Singular -(v)м/m Палым
Palÿm
Енешим
Eneşim
2nd -(v)ш/ş Палыш
Palÿş
Енешиш
Eneş
3d M -(v)йо/yo Палыйо
Palÿyo
Енешийо
Eneşiyo
3d F -(v)йо/yo Палыйa
Palÿya
Енешийa
Eneşiya
3d N -(v)йо/yo Палыйо
Palÿyo
Енешийо
Eneşiyo
1st Plural -(v)меԙ/meye Палымар
Palÿmar
Енешимер
Eneşimer
2nd -(v)шеԙ/şeye Палышар
Palÿşar
Енешишер
Eneşişer
3d -(v)ле/le Палылар
Palÿlar
Енешилер
Eneşiler

Verbs

Tense-Aspect-Mood

Qazhshavan has 4 tenses and each has 2 aspects, and 2 moods:

Mood Person Number Past Present Future Future
in the
past
Simple Perfect Simple Continious Simple Perfect Simple Perfect
Indicative 1st Singular Таиeдым
Taiedÿ·m
Таиeдым’аҥ
Taiedÿ·m’an̈
Таим
Taim
Таиeчeм
Taieçem
Таиeчeм’аҥ
Taieçem’an̈
Таиeчeшым
Taieçeşÿm
Таиeчeшым’аҥ
Taieçeşÿm’an̈
Plural
exclusive
Таиeдыме
Taiedÿme
Таиeдыме’аҥ
Taiedÿme’an̈
Таиме
Taime
Таиeчeме
Taieçeme
Таиeчeме’аҥ
Taieçeme’an̈
Таиeчeшыме
Taieçeşÿme
Таиeчeшыме’аҥ
Taieçeşÿme’an̈
Plural
inclusive
Таиeдымше
Taiedÿmşe
Таиeдымше’аҥ
Taiedÿmşe’an̈
Таимше
Taimşe
Таиeчeмше
Taieçemşe
Таиeчeмше’аҥ
Taieçemşe’an̈
Таиeчeшымше
Taieçeşÿmşe
Таиeчeшымше’аҥ
Taieçeşÿmşe’an̈
2nd Singular Таиeдыш
Taiedÿş
Таиeдыш’аҥ
Taiedÿş’an̈
Таиш
Taiş
Таиeчeш
Taieçeş
Таиeчeш’аҥ
Taieçeş’an̈
Таиeчeшыш
Taieçeşÿş
Таиeчeшыш’аҥ
Taieçeşÿş’an̈
Plural Таиeдыше
Taiedÿşe
Таиeдыше’аҥ
Taiedÿşe’an̈
Таише
Taişe
Таиeчeше
Taieçeşe
Таиeчeше’аҥ
Taieçeşe’an̈
Таиeчeшыше
Taieçeşÿşe
Таиeчeшыше’аҥ
Taieçeşÿşe’an̈
3d Singular Таиeдый
Taiedÿy
Таиeдый’аҥ
Taiedÿy’an̈
Таийи
Taiyi
Таиeчeй
Taieçey
Таиeчeй’аҥ
Taieçey’an̈
Таиeчeшый
Taieçeşÿy
Таиeчeшый’аҥ
Taieçeşÿy’an̈
Plural Таиeдыԙ
Taiedÿye
Таиeдыԙ’аҥ
Taiedÿye’an̈
Таиԙ
Taiy
Таиeчeԙ
Taieçeye
Таиeчeԙ’аҥ
Taieçeye’an̈
Таиeчeшыԙ
Taieçeşÿye
Таиeчeшыԙ’аҥ
Taieçeşÿye’an̈
Imperative All Singular Таиeдзe
Taiedze
Таиeдзeтe
Taiedzete
Plural Таиeдзeл
Taiedzel
Таиeдзeлтe
Taiedzelte

Note: Vowels that follow vowel harmony are highlighted in a dark blue color

Pronouns+Be

Qazhshavan has the feature of pronounse mixed with the verb "be":

Person Number +be +NEG-be +will-be +will-NEG-be
1st Singular Яме
Yame
Ныяме
Nÿyame
Ямече
Yameçe
Ныямече
Nÿyameçe
Plural
exclusive
Меирече
Meireçe
Нимеирече
Nimeireçe
Меирече
Meireçe
Нимеирече
Nimeireçe
Plural
inclusive
Мешир
Meşir
Нимешир
Nimeşir
Меширече
Meşireçe
Нимеширече
Nimeşireçe
2nd
Singular Шир
Şir
Нишир
Nişir
Ширече
Şireçe
Ниширече
Nişireçe
Plural Шеир
Şeir
Нишеир
Nişeir
Шеирече
Şeireçe
Нишеирече
Nişeireçe
3d
Singular
Masculine
& Neuter
Ойир
Oyir
Нуйир
Nuyir
Ойирече
Oyireçe
Нуйирече
Nuyireçe
Singular
Feminine
Айир
Ayir
Ныйир
Nÿyir
Айирече
Ayireçe
Ныйирече
Nÿyireçe
Plural Алер
Aler
Нылер
Nÿler
Алерече
Alereçe
Нылерече
Nÿlereçe

Negation

The present and Past tenses get the simpler negation prefix, and the Future tense get the more complex one.

Past & Present Future &
Future in the past
Нө-<word>
Nö-<word>
Нал-<word>
Nal-<word>
Examples
Нөтаим
taim
Налтаиечем
Naltaieçem
I'm not running
i don't run
I'm not going to run
Нөтаиедыш
taiadÿş
Налтаиечешыш
Naltaieçeşÿş
You didn't run You weren't going to run
Нөтаиедзе
taiedze
Налтаиедзете
Naltaiedzete
Don't run Don't run later

Note: the past/present negation form is also used for adjectives and adverbs.

Affix order

The order of how words are formed with affixes:

Noun affix order
Definite- Word -Plurality -Possessive -Case/Adjective -Question
Verb affix order
Negation- Word -Tense -Person~Number -Perfective -Question

Numbers

Qazhshavan is a Decimal language, meaning it has a base 10 number system.

Literally translated "12" is "1 on (top of) 12", and 21 is "1 on (top of) 2-10" and so on.

Number
Number
(-)
Number term
(Qazhshavan)
Number
Number
(-)
Number term
(Qazhshavan)
Number
Number
(-)
Number term
(Qazhshavan)
Number
Number
(-)
Number term
(Qazhshavan)
Number
Number
(-)
Number term
(Qazhshavan)
Number
Number
(-)
Number term
(Qazhshavan)
1 Атыл
Atÿl
11 Атылнеми
Atÿlnemi
10 Ен
En
101 Атыл-шехеми
Atÿl-şehemi
100 Шех
Şeh
1000 Огил
Ogil
2 Кайы
Kayÿ
12 Кайынеми
Kayÿnemi
20 Кайыен
Kayÿen
21 Атыл-кайыенми
Atÿl-kayÿenemi
200 Кайышех
Kayÿşeh
2000 Кайыогил
Kayÿogil
3 Балы
Balÿ
13 Балынеми
Balÿnemi
30 Балыен
Balÿen
31 Атыл-балыенеми
Atÿl-balÿenemi
300 Балышех
Balÿşeh
3000 Балыогил
Balÿogil
4 Кулун
Kulun
14 Кулуннеми
Kulunnemi
40 Кулунен
Kulunen
41 Атыл-кулунеми
Atÿl-kulunemi
400 Кулуншех
Kulunşeh
4000 Кулуногил
Kulunogil
5 Боўгы
Bowgÿ
15 Боўгынеми
Bowgÿnemi
50 Боўгыeн
Bowgÿen
51 Атыл-боўгыенеми
Atÿl-bowgÿenemi
500 Боўгышех
Bowgÿşeh
5000 Боўгыогил
Bowgÿogil
6 Алшы
Alşÿ
16 Алшынеми
Alşÿnemi
60 Алшыен
Alşÿ-En
61 Атыл-алшыенеми
Atÿl-alşÿenemi
600 Алшышех
Alşÿşeh
6000 Алшыогил
Alşÿogil
7 Сувун
Suvun
17 Сувуннеми
Suvunnemi
70 Сувунен
Suvunen
71 Атыл-сувуненеми
Atÿl-Suvunenemmi
700 Сувуншех
Suvunşeh
7000 Сувуногил
Suvunogil
8 Ненте
Nente
18 Нентенеми
Nentenemi
80 Нентеен
Nenteen
81 Атыл-нентенеми
Atÿl-nentenemi
800 Нентешех
Nenteşeh
8000 Нентеогил
Nenteogil
9 Талы
Talÿ
19 Талынеми
Talÿnemi
90 Талыен
Talÿen
91 Атыл-талыенеми
Atÿl-talÿenemi
900 Талышех
Talÿşeh
9000 Талыогил
Talÿogil

Questions

Yes-No type

Qazhshavan forms Yes and No questions with a quesiton suffix:

Queastion affix
Thick
Harmony
Thin
Harmony
<word>-кы
<word>-kÿ
<word>-ки
<word>-ki
Examples
Гаяшкы
Gayaşkÿ
Таишки
Taişki
Are you Fishing? Are you Running?
Aн’ягенкы?
An’yagenkÿ?
Aн’Кучԙки?
An’Kuçeyeki?
Inside the House? Neer the dogs?
Таиш ан’ягaжкы?
Taiş аn’yagajkÿ?
Ԙечешки aйы?
Yeeçeşki ayÿ?
You're running from/out of the house? Are you going to see her?

Wh- type

"Wh- type" questions are pretty straight forward, as they just add another word to the mix.

Dialects

Qazhshavan is generally split into 3 dialect groups that form a continuem, from Karakach to the mountain passes to the west.

Nashean

Nashean Qazhshavan, commonly just Nashean, is a dialect spoken in and around the region of Nashe, Riamo, it is a resault of settlers left over from colonial times, it's has Phonetic influence from the Riamese langauge spoken there and many loanwords.

Lnaguage examples

Common words and sentances
Qazhshavan
Govoric
Qazhshavan
Latin
Common Gloss
Literal meaning
IPA
Хялдза / Хял. Hyaldzа / Hyal. Hello / Hi
(singular)
health-2S-IMP
health
/ˈxʲal.d͡za/ /xʲal/
Хялдзал / Хял. Hyaldzаl / Hyal. Hello / Hi
(plr. & pauc.)
health-2P-IMP
health
/xʲalˈd͡za.da/ /xʲal/
Нԙл шагю. Nyelev şagyu. Good morning. good.adj morning /ɲæ̝.lav ˈʃaɣju/
Нԙл ичин. Nyelev için. Good afternoon/day good.adj day /ɲæ̝.lav it͡ʃin/
Нԙл хачи. Nyelev haçi. Good evening good.adj night /ɲæ̝l.lav ˈxa.t͡ʃi/
Ииш хачи. Iişev haçi. Good night Soft.adj night /i.jiʃ.lav ˈxa.t͡ʃi/
Сиджа ԙeй / Сам Sica yeey / Sam Goodbye / Bye next see-ADE
bye
/ˈsa.d͡ʒa jæ̝ːj/ /sam/
Лан руш шинлы? Lan ruş şinlÿ? What's your name? how say-2S yourself /lan ɾuʃ ˈʃin.lɤl/
Рум ԙмлы ___ Rum yemlÿ ___ My name is ___ say-1S myself ___ /ɾum ˈjæ̝m.lɤl/
Шир аладжa? Şir alaca? Where are you from? 2S.be where-ELA /ʃiɾ ˈa.la.d͡ʒa/
Яме ___(-е/а)дж(-е/а) Yamе ___(-е/а)c(-е/а) I'm from ___ 1S.be ___-ELA /ja.mɛ ___-ɛ/a.d͡ʒɛ/a/
Лан шир? Lan şir? How are you? how 2S.be /lan ʃiɾ/
Яме нԙл Yame nyelev I'm good/alright/okay 1S.be good-adj /ja.mɛ ˈɲæ̝.lav/
Яме нөнԙл Yame nyelev I'm not good/okay/alright 1S.be NEG-good-adj

Sample text

  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Qazhshavan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.