Cheppali 117
| Cheppali Cp 117 | |
|---|---|
| |
| Role | Fighter |
| National origin | Tennai |
| Manufacturer | Cheppali |
| Designer | Lathusa Prithiyanga |
| First flight | February 1935 |
| Introduction | December 1936 |
| Retired | 1948 |
| Status | Retired |
| Primary user | Royal Tennaiite Air Force |
| Produced | 1936-1947 |
| Number built | 35,955 |
| Developed from | Cp 110 |
| Developed into | Cp 218 |
The Cheppali Cp 117 is a Tennaiite Siduri War fighter aircraft that was the backbone of the RTA’s fighter force. The Cp 117 first saw operational service in early 1937 during the offensive to push the Inners sphere from Tennai and was still in service at the dawn of the jet age 1945. It was one of the most advanced fighters when it first appeared, with an all-metal monocoque construction, a closed canopy, and retractable landing gear. It was powered by a liquid-cooled, inverted-V12 aero engine.[4] From the end of 1941, the Cp 117 was steadily supplemented by the Nikita AN.157.
It was designed by Lathusa Prithiyanga who worked at Cheppali during the early to mid-1930s. It was conceived as an interceptor, although later models were developed to fulfill multiple tasks, serving as bomber escort, fighter-bomber, day-, night-, all-weather fighter, ground-attack aircraft, and reconnaissance aircraft. It was supplied to several states during Siduri War, and served with several countries for many years after the war.
Design and development
In October 1933, Air Marshall Vihari Jakkala sent out a letter requesting aircraft companies consider the design of a fast, modern fighter. Each company was asked to build three prototypes for run-off testing. By spring 1935, both the Devati and Nikita aircraft were ready and the Cp 117 in March.
The Air Ministry outlined specifications, for the supply of a new fighter aircraft, that submissions for the competition had to meet certain characteristics, including; a) have an all metal construction, b) have a monoplane configuration, c) have retractable landing gear, d) be capable of achieving a top speed of at least 400 km/h (250 mph) at an altitude of 6,000 m (20,000 ft), e) endure ninety minutes at full throttle at 6,000 m (20,000 ft) f) reach an altitude of 6,000 m (20,000 ft) in seven minutes and have a service ceiling of 10,000 m (33,000 ft) g) be able to be fitted with a Sinhatta Darva 210 engine h) be armed with either two 7.92mm fixed machine guns or one 20mm cannon and i) have a wing loading of less than 100 kg/m^2.
In February 1934 the three companies, Devati, Nikita and Cheppali, were awarded contracts to develop prototypes for the competition. The prototypes that were eventually submitted for the competition were the Devati Dv 112, Nikita An.143, and the Cheppali 117. Cheppali had begun development of their submission in late 1933 in anticipation of the announcement. At the helm of their design project was Lathusa Prithiyanga, designer of the Cp 116, who weas then working on the design for the Cp 117. The first prototype had its first flight in September 1935.
Cheppali’s design was created primarily by Lathusa Prithiyanga, whose designs would dominate most of Cheppali’s work. They started work on Cp 117 in late 1933 based around the Manepalli XV inline engine. Work was already under way when the official request went out on 2 May, and on 5 May the design was named the Cp 117.
The primary source of inspiration for the He 112 was their earlier Cp 75 design. The Cp 75 was a single-engine, four-passenger aircraft originally designed for use by Royal Tennai Airlines. Like many civilian designs of the time, the aircraft was pressed into military service and was used as a two-seat bomber (although mostly for reconnaissance). The Cp 75 introduced a number of new construction techniques to the Cheppali company; it was their first low-wing monoplane, their first with retractable landing gear, their first all-metal monocoque design, and its elliptical, reverse-gull wing would be seen on a number of later projects. The Cp 75 could almost meet the new fighter requirements itself, so it is not surprising that Prithiyanga would choose to work with the existing design as much as possible.
Cheppali’s Cp 117 submission was a scaled-down version of the Cp 75, a fast mail-plane, sharing numerous features with it including; an all-metal construction – including its oval cross-section fuselage and two-spar monoplane wings which were covered with flush-head rivets and stressed metal skin-, similar inverted semi-elliptical gullwings and retractable landing gear. The wide-track of the undercarriage, a result of having outward retraction from the low point of the wing's gull-bend, granted the aircraft excellent ground handling for take-off and landing. The open cockpit and fuselage spine behind the headrest mounted into the deep-section fuselage offered the pilot a good view when taxiing and were included to provide excellent vision and make the biplane-trained pilots feel more comfortable.