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Kamak Islands
Камакаԓ Йедах (Haydag) [PlaceHolder] (Kamak) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: [PlaceHolder] "[PlaceHolder]" | |
| Country |  Qazhshava |
| Largest city | - |
| Capital | [PlaceHolder] |
| Government | |
| • Grand-Chieftain | [PlaceHolder] ([PlaceHolder]) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 14,208 km2 (5,486 sq mi) |
| Population (2020) | |
| • Total | [PlaceHolder] |
| • Percentage | [%] of Qazhshava |
| Demonyms | Kamakan |
| Time zone | UTC−11:30 |
| Islands | 36 Islands:
|
| Official language |
|
| National Symbols |
|
| Legislature | Chieftain's Gathering |
| Seats in Parliament | [PlaceHolder] |
| HDI (2018) | 0.718 high |
'Kamak-Julche' language(s)
| - | |
|---|---|
| 줄채 (джулче, julche) | |
| Native to | Qazhshava |
| Ethnicity | - people |
Native speakers | L1: L2: |
-
| |
Standard forms | -
|
| Dialects |
|
| - alphabet (Latin, Cyrillic) | |
| Official status | |
Official language in | Qazhshava |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | - |
| ISO 639-2 | - |
| ISO 639-3 | - |
Phonology
| Bilabial | Labio- dental |
Alveolar | Post- Alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m ⟨ㅁ⟩ | n ⟨ㄴ⟩ | ||||||
| Stop and affricate |
plain | b̥ ⟨ㅃ⟩ | d̥ ⟨ㄷ⟩ | d̥͡z̝̊ ⟨ㅈ⟩ | ɡ̊ ⟨ㄱ⟩ | |||
| aspirated | pʰ ⟨ㅍ⟩ | tʰ ⟨ㅌ⟩ | t͡s̝ʰ ⟨ㅊ⟩ | kʰ ⟨ㅋ⟩ | ||||
| Fricative | v (ㅂ) | s~s̝ ⟨ㅅ⟩ ɮ̊~ɬ ⟨ㅆ⟩ l ⟨ㄹ⟩ |
x~h ⟨ㅎ⟩ | |||||
| Tap | ɾ ⟨ㅿ⟩ | |||||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||||
(ㅿᅀᅠᅟᅠᇫ)(ㅸᄫᇦ)
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opaque | Transparent | |||
| Close | i ⟨ㅣ⟩ | u(~o) ⟨ㅜ⟩ | ||
| Mid* | ɛ(~e) ⟨ㅐ⟩ | ɤ ⟨ㅡ⟩ | ʌ̹ ⟨ㅓ⟩ | |
| Open | a ⟨ㅏ⟩ | |||
| Harmony | ɛ(~e) | a | u(~o) | |
- /ɛ/ usually becomes /e/ when in harmony with /i/
- /u/ usually becomes /o/ when in harmony with /ʌ̹/
- when /ɤ/ is the vowel of a monosyllabic word, it harmonizes with /a/
Writign system
| Order | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | ㄱ | ㅋ | ㄴ | ㄷ | ㅌ | ㄹ | ㅿ | ㅁ | ㅃ | ㅍ | ㅂ | ㅅ | ㅆ | ㅈ | ㅊ | ㅎ | ㅏ | ㅑ | ㅐ | ㅒ | ㅓ | ㅕ | ㅜ | ㅠ | ㅡ | ㅣ | ㅇ | ||
| Latin | g | k | n | d | t | l | r | m | b | p | v | s | lh | j | c | h | a | ya | e | ye | ŏ (o) | yŏ (yo) | u | yu | ŭ | i | w | y | |
| Cyrillic | г | к | н | д | т | л | р | м | б | п | в | с | лх | дж | ч | х | а | я | е | йе | ŏ (o) | йŏ (йo) | у | ю | ъ | и | ў | й, ь | |
| IPA Sound | ɡ̊ | kʰ | n | d̥ | tʰ | l | ɾ | m | b̥ | pʰ | v | s~s̝ | ɮ̊~ɬ | d̥͡z̝̊ | t͡s̝ʰ | x~h | a | ja | ɛ(~e) | jɛ | ʌ̹ | jʌ̹ | u~(o) | ju(~jo) | ɤ | i | w | j | Ø |
- ŏ is usually spelled as just o
Grammar and stuff
Syntax & Syllable structure
SOV possessor-possessee noun like adjectives adjective-noun postpositions aux-verb
syllables:(C)(S)V(L)(C) C - consonant S - semivowel V - vowel L - ɾ, l
Nouns
Number
- singular: no affix (wen)
- plural: +lhⓥ (wenlhe)
- plural when word ends in /d̥͡z̝̊, s̝, ɮ̊, l/ or in a consonant cluster: +ⓥn (jeld -> jelden)
Articles
| Type | Word | Аffix (consonant) |
Example (singular) |
Аffix (vowel) |
Example (plural) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | |||||
| definite | -(v)- | -- (the ) | -- | -- (the ) | |
| Proximal-demonstrative | - | -- | -- (this ) | -- | -̠- (these ) |
| Distal-demonstrative | - | -- | -- (that ) | -- | -- (those ) |
Cases+adjectives & adverbs
| Case | end-vowel | end-consonant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Affix | Example | Affix | Example | |
| Nominative | -Ø | ( -NOM) | -Ø | ( -NOM) |
| Dative | -j | (to a woman) | -(v)j | (to a man) |
| Genative | -s̠ | (of a woman) | -(v)s̠ | (of a man) |
| Accusitive | -t | (woman -ACC) | -(v)t | (man -ACC) |
| Instrumental | -p | (using a woman) | -(v)p | (using a man) |
| Comitative | -ts̠ | (with a woman) | -(v)ts̠ | (with a man) |
| Comparative | -l | (than/as a woman) | -(v)l | (than/as a man) |
| Inessive | -v | (in/side a woman) | -(v)v | (in/side a man) |
| Adessive | -r | (neer a woman) | -(v)r | (neer a man) |
| Postessive | -ks | (behind a woman) | -(v)ks | (behind a man) |
| Superessive | -v(v)r | (on top of/above a woman) | -(v)v(v)r | (on top of/above a man) |
| Subessive | -k̠i | (under a woman) | -(v)ki | (under a man) |
| Allative | -m | mytäm (to/towards a woman) | -(v)m | (to/towards a man) |
| Ablative | -jo | (from a woman) | -(v)jo | (from a man) |
| Lative | -vi | (going in/side a woman) | -(v)vi | (going in/side a man) |
| Elative | -x | (out of a woman) | -(v)x | (out of a man) |
| Benefactial | -w(v) | (for a woman) | -w(v) | (for a man) |
| Prolative | -n(v) | (via a woman) | -(v)n(v) | (via a man) |
Pronouns
Possessive
| Person & Number | Proclitic form | Enclitic form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| start/end consonant |
start/end vowel |
start/end consonant |
start/end vowel | |||
| Affix | Affix | Affix | Affix | |||
| Singular | 1st | ju- | juj- | -(v)ju | -ju | |
| 2nd | s̠u- | s̠uj- | -s̠u | |||
| 3d | Animate | itu- | ituj- | -itu | -jtu | |
| Inanimate | ymu- | ymuj- | -ymu | -jmu | ||
| Self | -(v2)ts̠u | -ts̠u | ||||
| Plural | 1st | nu- | nuj- | -(v)nu | -nu | |
| 2nd | s̠tu- | s̠tuj- | -(v)s̠tu | -s̠tu | ||
| 3d | Animate | ittu- | ittuj- | -ittu | -jttu | |
| Inanimate | ymmu- | ymmuj- | -ymmy | -jmmu | ||
Verbs
Lexicon
| Suffix | Used to create... | Example(s) |
|---|---|---|
| - | agents from verbs | |
| - | collective nouns | |
| -yⓥ | verbs from nouns | "ᄋᅻᆯ (wŏl)" a sound → "ᄋᅻᆯ유 (wŏlyu)" to sound, say |
| - | verb or instruments | |
| - | passive form of the verb | |
| -ⓥl -lⓥ |
nouns from verbs | "ᄋᅷᆻ (walh)" to wear, carry → "ᄋᅷᆻ알 (walhal)" clothing, bag "귀 (gwi)" to name, call → "귀래 (gwile)" a name |
| - | adjectives indicating the lack of something | |
| - | adjectives from nouns/verbs | |
| - | adverbs from nouns/verbs | |
| - | diminutives of nouns | |
| - | augmentatives of nouns | |
| - | locations (places related to the stem) | |
| - | inhabitants (of places), among others | |
| - | language of noun |