United States (Manifest Destiny)
Republic of the United States of Columbia | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
| Motto: Other traditional mottos:
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| Anthem: "The Star-Spangled Banner" | |
| Capital | Cambridge |
| Largest city | Metropolis |
| Official languages | None at the federal level |
| Recognised national languages | English (lingua franca) |
| Recognised regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2020) |
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| Religion (2020) |
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| Demonym(s) | Columbian |
| Government | Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic |
• President | Justin Trudeau |
• Vice President | Elizabeth Warren |
• Prime Minister | Julian Castro |
• Chancellor | Kamala Harris |
• Speaker of the House | Nancy Pelosi |
• Chief Justice | Brandon Fritzgerald |
| Legislature | Congress |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| "Independence [from Great Britain]" | |
| Population | |
• (2022) estimate | 470,938,000 |
• (2022) census | 470,938,452 |
| Calling code | +1 |
The United States of America (also called the United States, the US, the U.S.A., or America) officail teh Republic of the United States of America is a federal constitutionalist republic comprised of states, 8 republics, nine incorporated territories, and a federal district. Situated mainly on the North American continent, the 48 contiguous states are commonly referred to as the 'main 48', or the 'upper 48', while the remaining 11 are non-contiguous, though three (Yucatan, Belize, and Panana) are geographically part of North America, the remainder are part of or entirely comprised of islands. The United States shares borders with Mexico to the south, Central America to the west and Colombia to the east (Panama), as well as maritime borders with the West Indies to the southeast of Puerto Rico and to the north and south of Guadeloupe & Martinique.
As of today, the United States has a population of 471.3 million, ranking at third in world population, behind only India and China. By area, the United States' territory comprises roughly a third of continental North America, as well as multiple unincorporated territories in the Caribbean and South Pacific. The United States has been described "the melting pot of the world", possessing a highly diverse, multi-ethnic culture with European, African, Asian, Hispanic, and indigenous influences.
The United States is a member of the G11, G30, NATO, and is a permanent (and founding) member of the World Assembly, with which it carries considerable weight in the Security Council. America possesses the seventh-largest military in the world by number of troops and the largest air force and navy, as well as the status of one of the world's ranked superpowers. It is also a nuclear weapons state and possesses the second-largest arsenal of nuclear weapons in the world, with a total stockpile of 6,500 warheads, behind only the Soviet Union's 9,000.
History
1.1
Indigenous peoples and pre-Columbian history
1.2
European settlement
1.3
American Revolution (1775-1783)
1.4
Independence and Constitution (1783 & 1787)
1.5
Early National Years (1789-1849)
1.6
Growth of the Union (1812-1889)
1.7
Mexican-American War (1846-1848)
1.8
A Growing Divide (1849-1860)
1.9
Civil War (1861-1865)
Irreconcilable sectional conflict regarding the enslavement of Africans and African Americans ultimately led to the American Civil War. With the 1860 election of Republican Abraham Lincoln, conventions in twenty-four slave states declared secession and formed the Confederation of Independent States (the "South", the "Dixie-Caribbean" or the "Confederacy"), while the federal government (the "Union") maintained that secession was illegal.
- South Carolina
- Georgia
- Piedmont
- Alabama
- Sequoyah
- Mississippi
- East Florida
- Cuba
- West Florida
- Louisiana
- Arkansas
- Bahamas
- Texas
- Kentuckey
- Polypotamia
- North Carolina
- Ozark
- Osage
- Pantanosa
- Yucatan
- Virginia
- Vandalia
- Bahamas
- Transylvania
Restoration (1866-1879)
1.11
Rise to World Power (1879-1918)
1.12
World War I (1915-1919)
1.13
Inter-war period (1919-1941)
1.14
World War II (1941-1945)
1.15
Cold War (1946-1993)
1.16
Domestic Changes (1952-1980)
1.17
End of the Cold War (1993)
1.18
Modern Times (1991-Present)
2
Geography
Climate
Environment
Politics and government
The United States is a representative democracy and is considered full democracy alongside countries such as Australia and Norway. The government is regulated by a system of checks and balances which are a defining feature in the United States Consitution, the country's supreme legal document.
Government
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The United States has two major federal political coalitions. The Main Street Coalition (often shortened to the Coalition), a right-wing alliance is led by the centrist Republican Party. Smaller parties within the coalition include the Reform Party, Libertarian Party, Unión Demócrata Cristiana. The left-wing Alliance for Progress (often shortened to the Alliance) is led by the centre-left Labour Party. Other parties within the coalition include the Progressive Party, Farmer-Labour Party, and Green Party. The American First Alliance (often shortened to the Alliance), a right-wing alliance is led by the centre-right Democratic Party. Smaller parties within the coalition include the Social Credit Party, Constitution Party, and TBA.
States and territories
States of the U.S.
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Political Parties
The United States is considered a multiparty democracy with many different parties contesting federal, state, and local elections. Fourteen national parties have representation in Congress, specifically in the House of Representatives. The centre Republican Party and Federalist Party are the largest of the national parties and typically carry the most seats in all U.S. federal elections. The Republicans and Democrats also are the most likely to win executive elections, such as elections for U.S. President, although other parties have won in the past.
Several political parties have risen which advocate for a certain group (ethnic, religious, or ) or region within the country. The largest of these parties is the Hispanic-oriented Unión Demócrata Cristiana which promotes Christian democracy in the United States, the Social Credit Party, often dub the 'Democrats of the North', the African National Congress and the Black Panther Party, which focuses issues pertaining to African Americans in south and Car, and the Amercan Indian Movement for Native Americans. The Agriculture Party, Technology Alliance, Bloc Québécois, Texas National Party, [[]], and, are all regional political parties. The God's Values Party pushes policies which are Evangelical in nature, but does not explicitly endorse one particular religion.
In recent years, several new political parties with stronger partisan ideologies have formed or grown in size in the United States. This includes the Columbia First Party led by Donald Trump and Pierre Rutherford, the Constitution Party led by , the Libertarian Party led by Sarah Palin and the Socialist Party led by Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez among others. At the same time, the Progressive-Green Party which advocates left-wing political ideologies has grown in size since 2010. Political pundits have noted that the rise of such parties is due to the political polarization slowly occurring across the United States.
Elections
Foreign relations
The United States has an established structure of foreign relations. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. The United States is a member of the Alliance of Independent Nations, Commonwealth of Nations, G8, G20, and OECD where it takes leading roles.
Cambridge hosts embassies from nearly all countries in the world and many American cities host consulates. Likewise, the United States also has embassy's in nearly every nation across the globe. The United States does not have formal diplomatic relations with Iraq, Bhutan, North Korea, and the Federal Republic of China and U.S. diplomats often work through alternative channels.
The United States has a special relationship with the United Kingdom due to geopolitical similarities, and shared global interests. The United States also has strong ties with India, Australia, Rhodesia, New Zealand, Japan and Israel. The United States also has strong diplomatic ties to the European Union and its member states, notably France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Scadinavia, and Poland. The United States works closely with its fellow member states in the Cooperation of American Alliance Nations, North American Free Trade Agreement, NATO, and the Organization of American States. The United States considers Mexico, Brazil, and Characas to be its most reliable allies in Latin America.
A major shift in U.S. foreign policy since 1990 has been detente toward the Soviet Union. Following the reformation of the Soviet Union into the Union of People's Repunlics, the United States shifted its attitude from hostile to conciliatory, largely under the leadership of President Jesse Jackson and George W. Bush. The United States has attempted to integrate the Soviet Union into its global leadership framework with mixed success. The two countries continue to compete, however, the United States does not see the Soviet Union as a major geopolitical threat. Since the early 2000s, the United States has begun to see China as a major geopolitical threat which has helped to shift concern from the Soviet Union.
Military
Economy
Infrastructure
Transport
Roads
Rail
Passenger Rail
Freight Rail
Water transportation
Aviation
Demographics
The U.S. Census Bureau estimates that the population of the United States is 404,294,209, as of July 1, 2020. The United States is the third most populous country in the world behind China and India, and ahead of Japan and the Philippines. The main drivers of population in the United States is immigration and to a lesser extent, natural growth.
Population
Racial groupings in the United States (2019)
The United States is a multicultural and multiethnic society, encompassing a vast land area and many waves of migration. Most Americans today are descended from migrants who settled in the country post-colonization, with indigenous peoples, such as Navajo, Cherokee, Lakotah, Inuit, Maya, and Alaskan Natives only making up a minority of the population. White are by far the Largest racial group, ethnically wise, they split between Anglos which are those who could trace their lineage back to either the original Colonies or the British Isles in some form, and "Non-Anglo" Europeans, as well as Anatolians, Levantines, and North Africans, with Germans being the largest European ethinc group.
One of the other most significant groups are African-Americans, largely descended from slaves captured by Europeans and brought to colonies on the American continent during the Trans-Atlantic slave trade.
indigenous "Native Indians/American Indians" comprise of 10 percent
The number of Americans of mixed racial ancestry (including Hispanic Americans of Mesitzo descent) is also growing as a result of increasing integration.
According to the World Economic Form, the United States has the highest number of immigrants in the world. However, as a proportion to population, the United States ranks averagely among other wealthy nations. A 2019 poll conducted by Pew Research Center found that the majority of Americans have a favorable view of immigrants, a policy which is generally supported by the major American political parties. However, illegal immigration is widely opposed among American conservatives and remains a major political debate. The United States has led the world in refugee resettlement for several decades, admitting more refugees than the rest of the world combined.
The vast majority of Americans live in either urban or suburban areas. Ten cities in the United States have a population greater than two million (namely Metropolis, Los Angeles, San Fransico, Chicago, Houston, Toronto, Toldeo, Santo Domingo, Havana, and St. Ann). Many metropolitan areas, particularly in the southern United States are rapidly expanding.
Education
School attendance or registration for home school is mandatory for all students across the United States. As state and local governments have control over most education policies, laws vary between states. However, most students must attend school from when they enter Kindergarten at around 5 until they reach 18-years-old, bringing them through the twelfth grade. Several states allow for students to leave school after reaching 16, however, the Department of Education has been working for states to raise those standards. While many Americans attend publicly funded schools, around 12% are enrolled in Parochial or nonsectarian private schools.
Religion
Protestantism dominates the continental Unitted States, with several Protestant denominations such as Evangelicals, Baptists, Methodists, Presbyterians and Anglicans. In the Amercian Caribbean and Southwest, Roman Catholicism is predominant due to Spanish heritage.
Language
Federally, the United States is official trilingual with English, French, and Spanish serving as the three official langugages. In every state English is mandated to be an official language for the purposes of communication and documentation for the federal government.
English, French, and Spanish hold equal status within the federal government, federal U.S. courts, and all other federal properties and institutions. However, only a few states In every state English is mandated to be an official language for the purposes of communication and documentation for the federal government.
American Sign Language is the most prominent sign language in the United States, especially among Anglophone communities. French-American Sign Language is also popular, primarily in Francophone communities. The United States is home to many other sign languages, some of which are indigenous.
Culture
6.1
Music and art
6.2
Cuisine
6.3
Sports
7