New Gough Island

Country of New Gough Island
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: The Great New Gough Island
Status	Recognised as a country of Riamo with independence in foreign relations de jure; operating as an independent state under Riamese protection de facto (since 1980).
Capital	Port Victoria
Largest	Hartridge
Official languages	Common
Recognised regional languages	Gough
Ethnic groups (2024)	White (74%) Black (12%) East Asian (8%) Native (4%) Mixed Race (2%)
Religion (2024)	Non Religious (47%) Christan (45%) East Asian Religions (5%) Native Gough Religions (2%) Other (1%)
Demonym(s)	New Gough Islander
Government	Unitary Executive lead Democracy under a federal constitutional monarchy
• Monarch	Diana II
• Chief Executive	Helen Zealand
• Vice Chief Executive	Richard Wright
Legislature	National Assembly
Country of Riamo
• Arrival of the First Colonists	1609
• Self Governed Colony	January 1, 1955
• Recognition of independence in foreign relations	July 8, 1980
Area
•	60,528 sq mi (156,770 km2)
• Water (%)	0.8
Population
• 2024 census	12,238,000
• Density	202.19/sq mi (78.1/km2)
GDP (nominal)	2024 estimate
• Total	ACU 440.568 Billion
• Per capita	ACU 36,000
Gini (2024)	34.6 medium
HDI (2024)	0.873 very high
Currency	New Gough island Hull (NGIH) (NGIH)
Time zone	New Gough Island Time
Date format	mm/dd/yyyy
Driving side	left
Calling code	+53
Internet TLD	.ng

New Gough Island officially the Country of New Gough Island or less commonly known, The State of New Gough Island is a country in the southern hemisphere. The country is made up of a large island and a smaller islands. As of the 2024 census, the nation's population stood at 12.238 million. The country has a land area of 1,836.94 sq mi. The capital district is South Metro. While the largest is The Newlands. The majority of the country's population lives on the highly urbanized South New Gough Island. While the North New Gough Island is highly mountainous and forested. The climate of the country is tropical monsoonal, with a highland subtropical climate in the mountains of the north island.

Demographics

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1730	10,000	—
1750	28,000	+180.0%
1800	80,000	+185.7%
1820	154,000	+92.5%
1850	224,000	+45.5%
1870	297,000	+32.6%
1880	383,000	+29.0%
1890	448,000	+17.0%
1900	581,000	+29.7%
1910	654,000	+12.6%
1920	737,000	+12.7%
1930	812,000	+10.2%
1940	864,000	+6.4%
1950	903,000	+4.5%
1960	961,000	+6.4%
1970	1,008,000	+4.9%
1980	998,000	−1.0%
1990	959,000	−3.9%
2000	984,000	+2.6%
2010	1,010,000	+2.6%
2020	1,052,000	+4.2%
2024	1,098,000	+4.4%

Geography

Climate

The Climate of New Gough Island is Tropical to Highland Humid Subtropical Monsoonal with a dry season and a wet season. Though there are considered 3 seasons: Wet season from late December to April, the Cool Dry Season from May through August, and the Hot Dry Season from September to mid-December. During the wet season temperatures are cooler but humid. Heavy rain and thunderstorms are very common. On days when there is no rain it is usually overcast and foggy in the mornings. Tropical Cyclones can occur during the wet season. The most powerful tropical cyclone to hit New Gough Island was Super Tropical Cyclone Wanda on January 5, 1972, which brought 20 in (508 mm) of rainfall in 24 hours and winds reaching 160 mph (257 kmph). The storm caused horrific flooding; the worst damage ever seen in a century from a tropical cyclone. Heavy rain events occur usually 1 to 3 times per year, heavy rain events are thunderstorms that drop more than 4 in (101.6 mm) of rainfall in a single day. The worst rainstorm brought 25 in (635 mm) of rain in 24 hours. on February 14, 1996.

The cool dry season brings mild to cool temperatures and low humidity. It is usually sunny and cooler with nice breezes. The coldest temperatures recorded happen in this season and cold waves can occur though they usually happen once per year. The coldest temperature ever recorded was 30 degrees F (-1 degrees C) on Mount Blandan on July 4, 1977. A dusting of snow also occurred on summit that day. Cold waves usually last a few days and rebound quickly.

The hot dry season is the most hot and humid time of year. Temperatures climb quickly reaching an apex in November. Temperatures can reach 95 degrees F (35 degrees C) or higher which can be considered a heatwave. The highest temperature ever recorded was 104 degrees F (40 degrees C) on November 18, 2020. Heatwaves can last on the low end 3 days to 14 days at the most extreme. Heat index can make it feel very hot and oppressive, the worst heat index was also recorded on November 18, 2020 with a dangerous reading of 122 degrees F (50 degrees C). Overnight temperatures rarely below 70 degrees F (21 degrees C). The highest overnight temperature was 86 degrees F (30 degrees C) on November 20, 2020. Thunderstorms increase in frequency as the wet season draws closer usually at the very end of November.

Climate data for South Metro, New Gough Island
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °F (°C)	91 (33)	89 (32)	90 (32)	94 (34)	92 (33)	88 (31)	90 (32)	95 (35)	98 (37)	102 (39)	104 (40)	100 (38)	104 (40)
Average high °F (°C)	82.7 (28.2)	80.2 (26.8)	79.6 (26.4)	76.7 (24.8)	74.2 (23.4)	73.4 (23.0)	74.6 (23.7)	77.8 (25.4)	84.6 (29.2)	89.2 (31.8)	92.6 (33.7)	86.3 (30.2)	81.0 (27.2)
Daily mean °F (°C)	77 (25)	75.3 (24.1)	73.9 (23.3)	71.1 (21.7)	69 (21)	67.1 (19.5)	68.3 (20.2)	71.2 (21.8)	76.2 (24.6)	81.1 (27.3)	84.1 (28.9)	80.8 (27.1)	74.6 (23.7)
Average low °F (°C)	71.2 (21.8)	70.4 (21.3)	68.1 (20.1)	65.4 (18.6)	63.8 (17.7)	60.7 (15.9)	61.9 (16.6)	64.5 (18.1)	67.8 (19.9)	72.9 (22.7)	75.6 (24.2)	75.2 (24.0)	68.1 (20.1)
Record low °F (°C)	64 (18)	61 (16)	58 (14)	54 (12)	50 (10)	45 (7)	47 (8)	53 (12)	59 (15)	63 (17)	67 (19)	66 (19)	45 (7)
Average rainfall inches (mm)	12.8 (330)	15.6 (400)	11.5 (290)	8.1 (210)	2.9 (74)	1.2 (30)	0.9 (23)	1.3 (33)	2.1 (53)	2.6 (66)	3.2 (81)	7.2 (180)	69.4 (1,770)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.1)	14	16	12	10	5	4	3	4	4	5	5	9	91
Source: New Gough Island Weather Service

Government

Politics

2020 New Gough Island General Elections