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Borelian language

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Borelian
Borelan, Bolanic
Borεnli - File:BotoBS.pngBotoOL.pngBotoRM.pngBoto&L.pngBotoNM.pngBotoLE.pngBotoIA.png
BorelianFlag.png
Ethnic flag of Borelians
Pronunciation/bɔɾənʟɪ/ Speaker Icon.svg
Native to
RegionStorvan island
EthnicityStorvani aboriginals
Native speakers
L1: ~530,000
L2: ~230,000
FL: <50,000
Bornese
  • Borelian
Early forms
  • Old Borelian
Standard forms
Great Borelian Corpus
Latin alphabet
Boto script
Official status
Official language in
Recognised minority
language in
Language codes
ISO 639-1BL
ISO 639-2BOL
ISO 639-3BOL
BorelianLangMap.png
Distribution of the language
  Absolute majority
  >30% of native speakers
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For a guide to IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

The Borelian language is one of the three Bornese languages, which are language isolate family, spoken by the aboriginals on the island of Storvan, it is recognized as a official language of the Storvan Autonomy and a minority language in Zhousheng.

Alphabet

Alphabetic version:

A a
/a/
B b
/b/
C c
/ʃ/
D d
/d/
E e
/ɛ/
F f
/f/
G g
/g/
H h
/ɦ/
I i
/ɪ/
Î î
/ʝ/
J j
/ʒ/
K k
/k/
L l
/ʟ ~ l/
M m
/m/
N n
/n/
O o
/ɔ/
P p
/p/
Q q
/q ~ kv/
R r
/ʀ ~ ɾ/
S s
/s/
T t
/t/
U u
/u/
V v
/v/
Ƿ ƿ
/ʋ/
X x
/χ/
Y y
/ɨ/
Z z
/z/
& ε
/ə/
-
-Silent-

Boto version:

File:BotoBS.png File:BotoBM.png File:BotoBE.png
/b/
File:BotoPS.png File:BotoPM.png File:BotoPE.png
/p/
BotoDS.png BotoDM.png BotoDE.png
/d/
BotoTS.png BotoTM.png BotoTE.png
/t/
BotoVS.png BotoVM.png BotoVE.png
/v/
BotoFS.png BotoFM.png BotoFE.png
/f/
BotoGS.png BotoGM.png BotoGE.png
/g/
BotoKS.png BotoKM.png BotoKE.png
/k ~ χ/
BotoHS.png BotoHM.png BotoHE.png
/ɦ/
BotoMS.png BotoMM.png BotoME.png
/m/
BotoNS.png BotoNM.png BotoNE.png
/n/
BotoRS.png BotoRM.png BotoRE.png
/ʀ ~ ɾ/
BotoLS.png BotoLM.png BotoLE.png
/ʟ ~ l/
BotoSS.png BotoSM.png BotoSE.png
/s/
BotoZS.png BotoZM.png BotoZE.png
/z/
BotoCS.png BotoCM.png BotoCE.png
/ʃ/
BotoJS.png BotoJM.png BotoJE.png
/ʒ/
BotoAL.png BotoAA.png
/a/
Boto&L.png Boto&A.png
/ə/
BotoEL.png BotoEA.png
/ɛ/
BotoIL.png BotoIA.png
/ɪ/
BotoYLGrey.png BotoYAGrey.png
/ʝ/
BotoOL.png BotoOA.png
/ɔ/
BotoUL.png BotoUA.png
/u/
BotoLine.png
-Silent-
BotoSkip.png
-Space-
BotoDot.png
-Period-

Note: The letter Î/BotoYA.png was very often ignored and written as I/BotoIA.png

Detailed table

Alphabetic version Boto version Protopolyash version IPA Symbol Example of a common word with the sound
1 A a BotoAL.png BotoAA.png About this sound/a/ After
2 B b File:BotoBS.png File:BotoBM.png File:BotoBE.png About this sound/b/ Label
3 C c BotoCS.png BotoCM.png BotoCE.png Ϣ ϣ About this sound/ʃ/ Show
4 D d BotoDS.png BotoDM.png BotoDE.png About this sound/d/ Done
5 E e BotoEL.png BotoEA.png About this sound/ɛ/ Bed (General American accent)
6 F f BotoFS.png BotoFM.png BotoFE.png About this sound/f/ Fine
7 G g BotoGS.png BotoGM.png BotoGE.png About this sound/g/ Game
8 H h BotoHS.png BotoHM.png BotoHE.png Ϩ ϩ About this sound/ɦ/ Hello
9 I i BotoIL.png BotoIA.png About this sound/ɪ/ Bit (General American)
Î î BotoYL.png BotoYA.png About this sound/ʝ/
10 J j BotoJS.png BotoJM.png BotoJE.png Ϭ ϭ About this sound/ʒ/ Pleasure
11 K k BotoKS.png BotoKM.png BotoKE.png About this sound/k/ Key
X x About this sound/χ/ Loch Ness
12 L l BotoLS.png BotoLM.png BotoLE.png About this sound/ʟ/ Middle (Southern US accent)
13 M m BotoMS.png BotoMM.png BotoME.png About this sound/m/ Mother
14 N n BotoNS.png BotoNM.png BotoNE.png About this sound/n/ Month
15 O o BotoOL.png BotoOA.png About this sound/ɔ/ Not
16 P p File:BotoPS.png File:BotoPM.png File:BotoPE.png About this sound/p/ Play
17 Q q About this sound/q/ ~ /k͡v/ Caught
18 R r BotoRS.png BotoRM.png BotoRE.png About this sound/ʀ/ Red
19 S s BotoSS.png BotoSM.png BotoSE.png About this sound/s/ Surprise
20 T t BotoTS.png BotoTM.png BotoTE.png About this sound/t/ Time
21 U u BotoUL.png BotoUA.png About this sound/u/ Boot
22 V v BotoVS.png BotoVM.png BotoVE.png About this sound/v/ Valve
23 Ƿ ƿ W w About this sound/ʋ/ Vine (Indian accent)
For letter X see letter K
25 Y y About this sound/ɨ/? Lip (London accent)?
26 Z z BotoZS.png BotoZM.png BotoZE.png About this sound/z/ Zoo
27 & ε Boto&L.png Boto&A.png About this sound/ə/ Bird
?1 - BotoLine.png - -Silent symbol- Used for connection between linked words
?2 BotoSkip.png Symbol for a stop between words
?3 . BotoDot.png . Used on the end of the sentence

Controversy about alphabet systems

Ampersand (&)

& ε
& ε

Ampersand has been included in the alphabet as the 27th/28th character, with a miniscule ε (simplified from ɛ̗́), which may make the language visually difficult for non-borelians.

Multiple linguists proposed the change in the writing system, replacing Ampersand (&) with the letter Schwa (Ә), which was already implemented in the Storvani language in 1930's. As of now, the proposal is opposed by the majority of the populace as well as the office for literal language. The support for this movement however still rises, as the Ampersand is visually difficult to write correctly when making quick notes.

There was a ironic movement to replace the mniscule ε with ﹠, however, nobody has taken it seriously due to the complexity of the letter.

Ɛ ɛ
Ɛ ɛ

The most favored change is, however, writing the &-ε pair as a Ɛ-ɛ. Proponents of this view spearhead following reasons:

  • Ɛ-ɛ would simplify the language, as there would be one less character to be learned in school
  • Ɛ-ɛ would make the writing easier, because & is hard to write in a fast notetaking
  • Ɛ-ɛ would better represent the sound, which is closest sound to E-e pair

Wynn (Ƿ)

Ƿ ƿ
Ƿ ƿ

Similar problem exists with the letter for the phoneme /ʋ/, which is not present in Borelian alphabet. While originally, the letter Wynn (Ƿ) was used on all occasions, same as in the Zhoushi language and by proxy by influence from the Storvani language, which in turn took it from Krenyan alphabet,[1] but later, with the rise of the internet, letter "W" became more wide spread because of the adresses starting with "www.". This problem was later solved by auto-redirecting system update, which allowed users to type "ƿƿƿ." and it automatically redirected to "www."

Phonology

Labial Coronal Dorsal Laryngeal
Bilabial Labiodental Linguolabial Dental Alveolar Postal-veolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Nasal
(BotoMM.png)
m
(BotoMM.png)

(BotoNM.png)
n
(BotoNM.png)
Plosive p
(File:BotoPM.png)
b
(File:BotoBM.png)
t
(BotoTM.png)
d
(BotoDM.png)
ʈ
(BotoTM.png)
ɖ
(BotoDM.png)
k
(BotoKM.png)
g
(BotoGM.png)
q
(BotoKM.png)
Sibilant fricative s
(BotoSM.png)
z
(BotoZM.png)
ʃ
(BotoCM.png)
ʒ
(BotoJM.png)
Non-sibilant fricative f
(BotoFM.png)
v
(BotoVM.png)
ʝ
(BotoYA.png)
x
(BotoKM.png)
ɣ
(BotoKM.png)
χ
(BotoKM.png)
h
(BotoHM.png)
ɦ
(BotoHM.png)
Approximant ʋ
(BotoVM.png)
j
(BotoYA.png)
Tap/Flap ɾ̥
(BotoRM.png)
ɾ
(BotoRM.png)
ʀ̥
(BotoRM.png)
ʀ
(BotoRM.png)
Trill
(BotoRM.png)
r
(BotoRM.png)
Latelar approximant l
(BotoLM.png)
ʟ
(BotoLM.png)
Tongue position Front Near-front Central Near-back Back
Close i
(BotoIA.png)
ɨ
(BotoIA.png)
u
(BotoUA.png)
Near-close ɪ
(BotoIA.png)
Close-mid e
(BotoEA.png)
o
(BotoOA.png)
Mid ə
(Boto&A.png)
Open-mid ɛ
(BotoEA.png)
ʌ
(Boto&A.png)
ɔ
(BotoOA.png)
Near-open
Open a
(BotoAA.png)
ɑ
(BotoAA.png)
Diphthong u͡ɪ
Long vowels ~ ɛː ~ ɪː ~ ɔː ~ əː ~

Bold are the common sounds, while regular sounds may happen in dialects and/or in a world for easier pronunciation

Grammar

Predicate-subject complex

While the Borelian language does not have a seperate predicate and subject in sentence, it has one word, which is both a noun phrase and a verb phrase (so called Predicate-subject complex). It is created out of a subjectual prefix, verbal (predicate) root and a optional adjustment suffix.

Subject prefix

Borelian has three grammatical cases for the complex:

The predicate-subject complex can be distinguished from other forms of other complexes, as it uses the predicate term in subjective case.

Predicate root

TBA

Suffixes

Predicate-subject complex has three suffixes, that are added to denote tense, mood and situation respectively. The first suffix (the one closest to the root) denotes tense, the middle suffix denotes mood and the last suffix denotes situation.

Tense suffix

Borelian language has 15 tenses, subdivided into 3 groups:

Only tenses no present in Common are the repetetives, which denote a action, that happened multiple times in the said time horizon. Such as "Zataribapo" means literally "I used to win (a lot)".

Mood suffix

Borelian language has 5 grammatical moods:

Situation suffix

Situational suffix can show multiple adjusting information:

  • Negation - Suffix -be
  • Doubt - Suffix -pε
  • Possibility - Suffix -sa
  • Passivity - Suffix -mε

(multiple of those can be used at the same time, there is no rule on the sequence in which those must be used)

Nouns

Nouns in Borelian have 2 genders:

  • Masculine - End with a vowel
  • Feminine - End with a consonant
  • Indifferent - Impossible to distinguish a gender (End with I/Î)

It also has five grammatical cases for nouns:

And seven grades for nouns:

Grade Prefix Meaning Example Example translation
Negative Be- Object lacks the said property Berutu No friend of mine
Positive Object has the said property Rutu A friend of mine
Comparative Meî- Object A has the said property more than Object B Meîrutu rutuî Better friend than that friend
Diminutive Mol- Object has very little of the said property Molrutu Bad/unreliable friend
Augmentative Sti- Object has a lot of the said property Stirutu Good friend
Excessive Rεk- Object has too much of the said property Rεkrutu Person acting excessively friendly
Superlative Sul- Object has the most of the said property Sulrutu The best friend

Possessive representation

A word can be "owned" by another word in possessive case, if the filler prefix "&dε-" is included. Nouns are not written with a capital character, unlike the complex, so in most cases, you would see a miniscule version "εdε-".

Example of the language

Sonnet 18 translation into Borelian:

Common Borelian (Alphabet) Borelian (Boto)
Q1 Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Zakaviboxa dati iz-claxεdime-îuvaci? BotoZS.pngBotoAL.pngBotoKM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoVM.pngBotoIL.pngFile:BotoBM.pngBotoOL.pngBotoKE.pngBotoAA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoDS.pngBotoAL.pngBotoTE.pngBotoIA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoIA.pngBotoZM.pngBotoLine.pngBotoCM.pngBotoLM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoKM.pngBoto&L.pngBotoDM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoMM.pngBotoEL.pngBotoLine.pngBotoYL.pngBotoUL.pngBotoVM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoCE.pngBotoIA.png
Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Deba Fildi meîtulraîno- e meîhmarino-: BotoDS.pngBotoEL.pngFile:BotoBE.pngBotoAA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoFS.pngBotoIL.pngBotoLM.pngBotoDE.pngBotoIA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoMS.pngBotoEL.pngBotoYL.pngBotoTM.pngBotoUL.pngBotoLM.pngBotoRM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoYL.pngBotoNS.pngBotoOL.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoEA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoMS.pngBotoEL.pngBotoYL.pngBotoHM.pngBotoMM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoRM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoNM.pngBotoOL.png
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, Xrtiîno-Fucitic &ditεrcε tulratime-budeni εdεdivlini,[a] BotoKS.pngBotoRM.pngBotoTM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoYL.pngBotoNM.pngBotoOL.pngBotoLine.pngBotoFM.pngBotoUL.pngBotoCM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoTM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoCE.pngBotoSkip.pngBoto&A.pngBotoDM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoTM.pngBoto&L.pngBotoRM.pngBotoCE.pngBoto&A.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoTS.pngBotoUL.pngBotoLM.pngBotoRM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoTM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoMM.pngBotoEL.pngBotoLine.pngFile:BotoBM.pngBotoUL.pngBotoDM.pngBotoEL.pngBotoNE.pngBotoIA.pngBotoSkip.pngBoto&A.pngBotoDM.pngBoto&L.pngBotoDM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoVM.pngBotoLM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoNE.pngBotoIA.png
And summer’s lease hath all too short a date: E claxεdi εdεdendu Zamabapo molklertino-îuvaci: BotoEA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoCS.pngBotoLM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoKM.pngBoto&L.pngBotoDM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoSkip.pngBoto&A.pngBotoDS.pngBoto&L.pngBotoDM.pngBotoEL.pngBotoNM.pngBotoDE.pngBotoUA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoZS.pngBotoAL.pngBotoMM.pngBotoAL.pngFile:BotoBM.pngBotoAL.pngFile:BotoPE.pngBotoOA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoMS.pngBotoOL.pngBotoLM.pngBotoKM.pngBotoLM.pngBotoEL.pngBotoTM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoNM.pngBotoOL.pngBotoLine.pngBotoYL.pngBotoUL.pngBotoVM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoCE.pngBotoIA.png 4
Q2 Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, Moltliknilo rεkclakino pnimadi εdεkukna &dizermε, BotoMS.pngBotoOL.pngBotoLM.pngBotoTM.pngBotoLM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoKM.pngBotoNM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoLE.pngBotoOA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoRM.pngBoto&L.pngBotoKM.pngBotoCM.pngBotoLM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoKM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoNE.pngBotoOA.pngBotoSkip.pngFile:BotoPS.pngBotoNM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoMM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoDE.pngBotoIA.pngBotoSkip.pngBoto&A.pngBotoDS.pngBoto&L.pngBotoKM.pngBotoUL.pngBotoKM.pngBotoNM.pngBotoNE.pngBotoAA.pngBotoSkip.pngBoto&A.pngBotoDM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoZM.pngBotoEL.pngBotoRM.pngBotoME.pngBoto&A.png
And often is his gold complexion dimmed; E stitliknilo Malkedime-canastiîεd &diofzipo; BotoEA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoSS.pngBotoTM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoTM.pngBotoLM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoKM.pngBotoNM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoLE.pngBotoOA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoMS.pngBotoAL.pngBotoLM.pngBotoKM.pngBotoEL.pngBotoDM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoMM.pngBotoEL.pngBotoLine.pngBotoCM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoNM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoSM.pngBotoTM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoYL.pngBoto&L.pngBotoDE.pngBotoSkip.pngBoto&A.pngBotoDM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoFM.pngBotoZM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoNM.pngFile:BotoPE.pngBotoOA.png
And every fair from fair sometime declines, E Sul-&-zlit moltliknilo &diofzi, BotoEA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoSS.pngBotoUL.pngBotoLE.pngBoto&A.pngBotoZS.pngBotoLM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoTE.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoMS.pngBotoOL.pngBotoLM.pngBotoTM.pngBotoLM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoKM.pngBotoNM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoLE.pngBotoOA.pngBotoSkip.pngBoto&A.pngBotoDM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoFM.pngBotoZM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoNE.png
By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimmed: Ti-flivini lim ti-retnaîni εdε-alenino-fnelx, beofzinino: BotoTS.pngBotoIL.pngBotoLine.pngBotoFM.pngBotoLM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoVM.pngBotoNE.pngBotoIA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoLS.pngBotoIL.pngBotoME.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoTS.pngBotoIL.pngBotoLine.pngBotoRM.pngBotoEL.pngBotoTM.pngBotoNM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoYL.pngBotoNE.pngBotoIA.pngBotoSkip.pngBoto&A.pngBotoDS.pngBoto&L.pngBotoLine.pngBotoAL.pngBotoLM.pngBotoEL.pngBotoNM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoNM.pngBotoOL.pngBotoLine.pngBotoFM.pngBotoNM.pngBotoEL.pngBotoLM.pngBotoKE.pngBotoSkip.pngFile:BotoBS.pngBotoEL.pngBotoOL.pngBotoFM.pngBotoZM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoNM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoNE.pngBotoOA.png 8
Q3 But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Iliî- Dama-sultlikino-claxε &diofzifubobe, BotoIA.pngBotoLS.pngBotoIL.pngBotoYL.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoDS.pngBotoAL.pngBotoMM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoLine.pngBotoSM.pngBotoUL.pngBotoLM.pngBotoTM.pngBotoLM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoKM.pngBotoNM.pngBotoOL.pngBotoLine.pngBotoCM.pngBotoLM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoKE.pngBoto&A.pngBotoSkip.pngBoto&A.pngBotoDM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoOL.pngBotoFM.pngBotoZM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoFM.pngBotoUL.pngFile:BotoBM.pngBotoOL.pngFile:BotoBE.pngBotoEA.png
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st; Belim Zamat de-cεdi zliti datihεokε &diaxijafubo; File:BotoBS.pngBotoEL.pngBotoLM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoME.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoZS.pngBotoAL.pngBotoMM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoTE.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoDS.pngBotoEL.pngBotoLine.pngBotoCM.pngBoto&L.pngBotoDE.pngBotoIA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoZS.pngBotoLM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoTE.pngBotoIA.pngBotoSkip.pngBotoDS.pngBotoAL.pngBotoTM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoHM.pngBoto&L.pngBotoOL.pngBotoKE.pngBoto&A.pngBotoSkip.pngBoto&A.pngBotoDM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoAL.pngBotoKM.pngBotoIL.pngBotoJM.pngBotoAL.pngBotoFM.pngBotoUL.pngFile:BotoBE.pngBotoOA.png
Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade
When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st: 12
C ㅤSo long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
ㅤSo long lives this, and this gives life to thee. 14

  1. Divlin is the 2nd traditional month out of 8-month cycle of the Borelian calendar, that corresponds to first half of April and all of May. Alternative term may be "Maî", taken from Common


  1. Krenyan language developed as a branch from Gadori germanic language mixture with Common. Dictionary: Common-Krenyan; Krenyan-Common
    Alphabet: Aa Ææ Bb Cc Dd Ðð Ee Ff Gg Ȝȝ Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Ŋŋ Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Þþ Uu Vv Ƿƿ Xx Yy Zz