List of religions and spiritual traditions (Kylaris)

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This is a list with accompanying explanation of the religious practices and traditions extant in Kylaris.

Atudaism

(Adolescent) goat -​ '-T-D (אתד) - 'Atud -> Átudai (Áτυδαι) -​ Atudaeus - Atudites - (Slurs/Slang) Tude / Tuje

Trinitarian Atudaism

Trinitarian Atudaism developed in the late 1st millennium BCE, though it had its roots in the mid-millennium. It developed out of the traditional worship of three simultaneous gods from the earlier millennium, stating that these gods were, rather, a singular unified trinity. It peaked in popularity shortly before the Solarian occupation, where it had come to be rooted in many local institutions, but failed to gain the widespread popular support. Two distinct branches of Trinitarian Atudaism were known from the 4th century BCE: Adonism, predominantly guided by native culture and influences, and Solarism, predominantly guided by the occupying culture of Southern Euclea and particularly the Hellese.

Adonism

Adonism is one of two distinct sects of Trinitarian Atudaism. It is highly conservative in its nature, seeking to preserve purity of the Atudaites, their culture, their religion, and their people. A traditional rival to Solarism, it was known by the end of the 1st millennium BCE as a radical sect opposed to Solarian rule and influences. For this reason, it was persecuted under the empire. Many in the Atudite diaspora follow this sect, particularly those in Northern Euclea who fled to the empire's border regions and beyond seeking refuge from the emperor's authority.

The name "Adonism" comes from the Atudite word 'Adon, meaning "Lord" or "Master". It is the title by which they typically refer to the trinity. The conservative nature of Adonism shows clearly in their services, where the ancient Atudite names for the three bronze age deities are applied to the "aspects" of the unity. They are known for having preserved the Atudite language among their communities, using it in abundance for religious poetry and law books. This is a double edge, however, as their attitude towards the outside and other sects led to a fair degree of isolation from other Atudites. Although their written language is exceptional, their spoken variant has undergone significant shifts from the original that makes their particular dialect incredibly distinctive among speakers of the Atudite language.

Solarism

Solarism is considered the 'liberal' sect of antiquity. It is the lesser known, but more influential, sect of Trinitarian Atudaism. Their name originated as pejorative from the Adonists, labeling them as outsiders and miscegenators. Solarists were noted as more compliant with Solarian rule than their Adonist brethren, and were significantly influenced by classical Hellese philosophy and culture. Despite their compliance with Solarian rule, the Solarists were still persecuted for their refusal to recognize the divinity and divine mandate of the emperor. Despite this persecution, they chose to settle closer to places of greatest Solarian influence to remain close to their adopted culture and philosophy. Their communities reside in these areas to this day.

The Solarist masses are notably different to those of the Adonists. They switch interchangeably between Atudite names and the Hellese equivalents. These equivalents were largely determined by the Hellese themselves upon making contact through interpretatio, but the Atudites living in the region initially offered their own interpretatio before accepting the Hellese version. Living in a much more connected society to the outside world, and to other Atudite communities, and living in a linguistic zone much closer to the phonology of Old Atudite, their dialect of the Atudite language is much more phonologically conservative than that of the Adonists. Having undergone significant influence by the Hellese and, later, Solarian languages, the Solarist dialect lost a few distinctions between sounds that were known in Old Atudite. They also developed some smaller subdialects based where they were- those in Hellese-speaking regions, for instance, never adopted Solarian influences into their speech. Those in Bokela have been further influenced by the local vernacular which developed out of Solarian.

Solarism, though lesser known across the Eucleosphere, is the more influential of Atudite sects. The trinitarian thought and pro-Solarian and pro-Hellese stances were the breeding ground for Sotirian philosophy. It is said thusly that the Sotirian religions were birthed by Solarist Atudism, and from that root is Solarism more influential than any other given sect of Atudism. Solarist scholars and commentators have taken pride in this; shortly after the fall of the Solarian Empire, the poet Ya'ir ben Yehoshua referred to the Sotirians as "Our brothers". The phrase "our cousins" to refer to them persisted throughout the Early Medieval period. Later medieval and Renaissance writers stated their pride in their Sotirian cousins, and frequently attempted to engage them in philosophical dialogue. In the modern day, Solarists pridefully retain their own versions of Solarian languages such as Atudo-Sulario, known in said language as Estudio or Sularo, even when in countries where Solarian languages and peoples are the minority such as communities in Coius.

Qudshism

Qudshism is the most conservative variant of Atudaism. Based in the practice of the early 1st millennium BCE, Qudshism rejects the trinity adopted by many in the diaspora. They instead preferred to recognize the distinction between three deities that they had in their worship. There are two sects of this branch as well, Shamerism and Shaloshism. The former is considered the closest living religion to the original Atudite practice, while the latter has developed into a unique situation of tritheism. Its name derives from the Atudite word "Qudshu", common in the region even before any archaeological or textual evidence of Atudaism, and meaning "Holiness".

Shomerism

The Shomerists, from the word "Shomer" meaning "to keep" or "to guard" represent the most conservative living sect of Atudaism. While they profess the worship of three gods, they typically acknowledge many that Sotirians list as "demons" or "idols" as genuine and powerful. In this sense, they are the only extant group of Atudites that holds to a full and extensive pantheon of gods, but they choose to worship only the three whose name are known to all Atudites. Despite their religious conservatism and strict devotion, they are known for being more socially liberal traditionally than other sects of Atudaism. Their presence is concentrated in the historic area around Adunis, having not undergone a diaspora under Solarian rule. They did, however, spread through merchant expeditions and the odd establishment of new communities across the Badawiyan region.

Shomerist society retains the traditional Atudaite tribes and emphasizes their social importance. Many new tribes have been birthed since then across much of the northern continent, but these are instead viewed as clans of the larger and more ancient tribes. Lineages are well-kept and recorded, and are under constant supervision to track the development of the tribes. These tribes beyond the land of Adunis are known traditionally as mercenaries, jewelry smiths, scouts, guides, and shepherds. Several famous jeweled daggers across the history of the region are found with Atudite script and names printed upon the hilt.

Unlike other sects, the Shomerists retain the ancient Atudite script for religious and ceremonial purposes. They use the modern script as well, but for mundane purposes. Their dialect of Atudite greatly resembles Old Atudite, with very minimal difference to the standard language of the Solarian era. This is likely due to the atmosphere in which they have flourished, linguistically very close and, indeed, even reintroducing phonological values that were considered archaic by the time of the Solarians. They are also famed as having not forsaken the Atudite language, not even in small amounts- while it had been somewhat retained by other sects, the Shomerists never developed an Atudo-Badawiyan language. They were not well understood by the Eucleosphere until the late 19th century when expeditions to meet them and connect them to wider Euclean Atudite communities came to fruition. Through extensive studying and observation, a great deal about the origins of Atudaism and what its presence during the Solarian era looked like.

Shaloshism

Shaloshism derives its name from the Atudite word "Shalosh", simply meaning "three". Originally believed to have been Shomerists in particular regions, they split with the rise of Salam. While the Shomerists retained their traditional faith and ways of life, the Shaloshists adapted to the new circumstance and became tritheists, believing in three simultaneous gods and nothing more, under the influence of the monotheistic faith of the Badawiyans. They developed a unique tradition of Atudo-Badawiyan poetry, using their own dialect of the Badawiyan language, which the Shomerists rejected, to write secular poetry. Their use of Atudite became more limited, though it would appear at times in poetry likewise using the Badawiyan style.

Traditionally known across the Salamist world as scholars and administrators, taking positions such as physicians and viziers, they eventually spread further. Establishing in Mazdaic territories, they would then move to Hyndic lands. From there, more communities would come to be established even further in the southernmost reaches of Coius. Despite this, their largest concentration is still wherever there is desert. Although communities speak Atudo-Hyndic and Atudo-Song, many use Atudo-Badawiyan for communication between groups that do not share the same language. This is the only known instance of Atudites using a language other than Atudite for interlingual communication. In South Coius, they became famous for their rich and vibrant blue turbans.

Coconut Religion

Coconut Religion, also known variously as Coconut Worship or following of the Coconut God or God Coconut (archaically Coconutism), is the largest native religion in Heja; its leaders claim that approximately 76% of Hejans are part of it, but this 76% is an aged estimate from a scientific paper on allergies regarding how many Hejans have ever eaten coconut. The 2016 census had 11% of Hejans, or around 1.9 million Hejans claim Coconut Religion faith.

The religion is defined by worship of, divination of and reverence for coconuts, and their consumption. This can extend to their production and processing, and products such as coconut water and coconut milk. A divide exists over whether coconut imitation products are sacrilegious and heretical, anodyne and mundane, or also holy albeit less so than actual coconut, or even more holy (though this is generally regarded as an extremely minor and insignificant sect). Ceremonies and rituals tend to be taken from other religions and fairly simple; they include baptism in coconut water, the drinking of coconut milk to purify oneself, the burning of coconut fibre, regular consumption of coconut and symbolic purification of coconut flesh for eating by drying in the sun and dusting with sugar. There tend to be regular congregations of Coconut Worshippers who perform coconut related acts.

It is unclear when the religion was founded, however, it was reasonably established by the time the Coconut Council was established in 1956, when prominent leaders gathered and agreed to found the council. Its unity was tested with the rise of synthetic coconut products in the 90s, but it ultimately held, though dispute still exists. Followers are spread across Heja, but especially in regions suitable for coconut production, though the religion's followers tend to spread coconut cultivation; prominent adherents include the Vice Chancellor of Heja, Oijek Iegaon, who does not attend gatherings of Coconut Worshippers but is known to practise through periodic consumption of coconut.

Fornsen

Hyndism

Hyndism is a major world religion, or a way of life, originated from Hyndanan subcontinent and found most notably in Hyndana. It influenced the cultures and life styles of many Coian and Western Coian countries. Hyndism has been called the "oldest religion" in the world, with some practitioners and scholars refer to it as Sanātana Dharma, "the eternal law" or the "eternal way" beyond human origins. Scholars regard Hyndism as a fusionor synthesis of various Hyndanan cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no founder. This "Hyndic synthesis" started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE. Followers are known as Hyndics.

Neo-paganism

Króseszo

Króseszo = Balto-Slavic Neopaganism.

Salam

Salam is an Adamite monotheistic religion articulated by the Qur'an, a religious text considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of God (Allāh), and, for the vast majority of adherents, by the teachings and normative example (called the sunnah, composed of accounts called hadith) of Muhammad. An adherent of Salam is called a Mumin, stemming from the Badawiyan word for believer, Mu'min. Mumins believe that God is one and incomparable and that the purpose of existence is to worship God. Nearly all Mumins consider Muhammad to be the last prophet of God.

Shima

Shima, also commonly referred to as Shimaism, is a term meaning "habit", "usual practice", "custom", "tradition". The Mumim use of this term refers to the sayings and living habits of the prophet Muhammad. People claiming to follow the Shimah who can demonstrate that they have no action or belief against the prophetic can consider themselves to be Shimai Mu'mins.

Tamazik

!shia

Alewak

westernised salam in bokela

Sotirianity

Sotirianity is an Adamite monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Sotiras. It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion adherents, known as Sotirians. Sotirians believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Sotiras) was prophesied in the First Testament.

Catholicism

The Solarian Catholic Church, also known as the Catholic Church, is the largest Sotirian church, with more than 1.27 billion members. As one of the oldest religious institutions in the world, it has played a prominent role in the history of Eastern Civilisation. Headed by the Bishop of Solaris, known as the Pope. The current Pope is Pope Joseph. The Catholic Church is notable for its sacred tradition and seven sacraments.

Of the seven sacraments, the principal one is the Eucharist, celebrated liturgically in the Mass. The church teaches that through consecration by a priest the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Sotiras. The Catholic Church practises closed communion, with only baptised members in a state of grace ordinarily permitted to receive the Eucharist.

The Solarian Catholic Church teaches that it is the one true church founded by Jesus Sotiras, that its bishops are the successors of Sotiras' apostles, and that the Pope is the successor to Saint Peter. This is additionally reflected in the institution of the Pontifical Conclave, its structure mirroring that of Sotiras and his apostles. The Catholic Church maintains that the doctrine on faith and morals that it declares as definitive is infallible. The Solarian Church, the Western Catholic Churches and institutes such as the Jesuits, mendicant orders and enclosed monastic orders, reflect a variety of theological emphases in the Church.

Episimialism

Derived from the Elladen word for "official", the Episimial Church of Kylaris considers itself the true Sotirian Church. Traditionally, western Euclea has been a bastion of the Church. It differs from the Solarian Church on many issues, most notably it disagrees with the notion that the Bishop of Solaris should be the leader of the Church, and that instead the Bishops of five holy cities known as the Pentarchy should be equally responsible for guiding the Church. As such, it is traditionally and officially led jointly by the Patriarchs of Solaris, Montecara, Teleftos, Enotita, and Adunis.

In practice however, due mostly to the decline of the tradition in many of the holy cities, the Patriarchs of Enotita, Arciluco and Chernogard are considered de facto leaders of the Church. The Patriarchs of Enotita and Arciluco are generally responsible for the faith in southern Euclea, while the Patriarch of Chernogard is generally responsible for the faith in western Euclea. In the Grubalevia the local division of the Church, though known officially as the Episimial Church in Grubalevia, is often unofficially referred to as the Western Sotirian Church.

Amendism

Bahrism

!lutheranism

Kasperism

!calvinism

Gospel of Ezekiel and the House of Sotiras

Ezekiel, a man claiming to be the son of Mary Magdalene and Jesus, leads a revolt against Solarian rule in Badawayina and establishes his own religiously fanatic empire. He establishes the House of Sotiras, often called the Dynasty of the Sotiras. The Apostles split between Peter (supported by the likes of John and the Virgin Mary) and Ezekiel (supported by Mary Magdalene and a few apostles no one cares about). Eventually Ezekiel is defeated and put to death, and his strand of Sotirianity dies with him. Peter is likewise killed, but his Church lives on. Ezekiel and his mother are treated as heresy by the Church and heavily suppressed. During the Reformation the Ezekiel strand resurfaces again, but most of the Sotirian world denies him still.

Wairua

Wairua is the religion endemic to the Celestial Isles. It is Animistic in nature, believing in numerous 'spirits' inhabiting and representing certain aspects of nature, and furthermore that these spirits may be contacted and must be respected. There are twelve major deities in Wairua, with each island in the Celestial Isles claiming one as its patron. The spirit associated with the capital island of Makuahine is known as Lady Wa'i, and is associated with the moon and the ocean, as well as waterborne disease. The faith also has a strong belief in Mana, said to be a prevalent magical force that penetrates all aspects of life, and is most often translated as "Luck". Despite this, mana is considered to be an aspect of the will of the spirits and the way of nature, where good mana can be accumulated by three things: Good deeds, good sacrifice, or victory in battle. Bad mana can be accumulated through bad deeds, negligence, and defeat. The Yocatullic people believe mana to be an important factor in meetings between chieftains, and perform a ritual dance that, alongside serving a secular purpose as both an invitation and a threat, also is said to project mana towards the approaching chieftain to provide him with spiritual energy for the meeting.

Masks, fetishes, and totems all play an important role in Wairua. Each is said to contain its own pool of mana, and can either be positive or negative. As a result, shamans will often deploy any of these three crafts in their rituals, and have been known to use them to aid healing. Hallucinogenic minor toxins also see ritual use in attempts to contact spirits, either human or those of nature. They are also used to help dull pain during ritual tattooing, which almost all men will undergo when they become warriors. Tattoos come in many different styles, each conveying a special meaning often relating to a particular characteristic of the warrior in question. Mana is said to be both displayed and channeled through the tattoo, acting as a guide for spiritual energy to aid the warrior in both daily life and in combat.

One of the most famous legends of the Yocatullic people is that of the Malana Po, also known as the "Night Journey", "Night Marchers", "Nightmarchers", "Ghost Marchers", "Spirit Ranks", or the "Spirit Walk". The Nightmarchers in Yocatullic mythology are the spirits of deceased warriors travelling along ancient warpaths through the jungle, appearing on certain special nights most commonly. According to legend, they are guiding a chieftain to the site of an ancient battle or to a holy site, starting with where their body was lain, be it on the battlefield or nearby the village. The spirits are said to sometimes drum and chant as they walk, although it is also said that the only sound is footsteps. Visitors to the Celestial Isles are warned of ghostly torchlight appearing from within the jungle representing the Nightmarchers, and to avoid them at all costs. The safest option is to go inside of a building, although if this is not an option, hiding is said to be possible as well. While the Nightmarchers are not said to be dangerous or malevolent in themselves, according to legend, they will slay any who look directly upon them as they march. Totems, fetishes, and certain plants that are said to be effective against evil spirits and bad mana purportedly will defend one from the wrath or the presence of Nightmarchers, despite them not being viewed as malevolent.

Mazdaism

Estimated following of 84.8 million, mostly found in Fars, Darshistan and eastern Hyndana.

Mazdaism is one of the world's oldest monotheistic religions. It was founded by the Prophet Zarathustra in ancient Fars approximately 3500 years ago. For 1000 years Mazdaism was one of the most influential religions in the world. It has been the official religion of Fars from 600 BCE to the present, and was from 600 BC to 650 AD the largest religion in northern Coius, however the expansion of Salam confined Mazdaism to Fars, Darshistan and parts of west Coius. Mazdaics believe there is one God called Ahura Mazda (Wise Lord) and He created the world, contrary to Northern belief, Mazdaics are not fire worshippers, they believe that the elements are pure and that fire represents God's light or wisdom. Mazdaics believe that Ahura Mazda revealed the Truth through his prophet, Zarathustra whose teachings are written down in the Avesta, one of the oldest known books in history. Mazdaics worship several times a day (like Mumin's) with the Agiary or Fire Temple used for communal worship and sermons.

Mazdaism is Dualic, which teaches the existence of, yet complete separation of, good and evil. This is recognised in two interconnecting ways: Cosmically (opposing forces within the universe) and Morally (opposing forces within the mind. Cosmic dualism refers to the ongoing battle between Good (Ahura Mazda) and Evil (Angra Mainyu) within the universe. It is important to understand that Angra Mainyu is not God's equal opposite, rather that Angra Mainyu is the destructive energy that opposes God's creative energy. This creative energy is called Spenta Mainyu. God created a pure world through his creative energy, which Angra Mainyu continues to attack, making it impure. Aging, sickness, famine, natural disasters, death and so on are attributed to this. With cosmic dualism we have life and death, day and night, good and evil. One cannot be understood without the other. Life is a mixture of these two opposing forces.

Moral dualism refers to the opposition of good and evil in the mind of mankind. God's gift to man was free will; therefore man has the choice to follow the path of the Lie (druj) or the path of the Truth (asha). The path of the Lie leads to misery and ultimately Hell whereas the path of the Truth leads to peace and everlasting happiness in Heaven. As with cosmic dualism, we have the polarity of happiness and sadness, truth and deception and so on but with an emphasis on choice. This choice is crucial as it determines whether we are the helper of Ahura Mazda or the helper of Angra Mainyu. When all of mankind chooses the former over the latter, evil will finally be defeated and Paradise on earth will be realized. In practice, modern Mazdaism has a positive outlook. It teaches that Mankind is ultimately good and that this goodness will finally triumph over evil. This could be seen as a retrenchment from the faith's original purity of dualism.

Mazdaic's believe the Ahura Mazda is omniscient, omnipotent, omnipresent, the Creator of life and the Source of all goodness and happiness. In this way He is very like the Adamite God. God is worshiped as supreme and Mazdaics believe that everything he created is pure and should be treated with love and respect. This includes the natural environment, so Mazdaics traditionally do not pollute the rivers, land or atmosphere. This has caused some to call Mazdaism 'the first ecological religion'.

Ahura Mazda, who is perfect, abides in Heaven, whereas Angra Mainyu dwells in the depths of Hell. When a person dies they will go to Heaven or Hell depending on their deeds during their lifetime. It is generally accepted that in the Adamite religions, the concepts of Heaven and Hell, as well as the Devil, were heavily influenced by Mazdaic belief.

Mazdaics believe that Zarathustra is the prophet of God. Zarathustra himself is not worshipped, but through his teachings man can become close to God by following the path of truth and righteousness (asha). At the age of thirty, Zarathustra had a divine vision whilst bathing in a river during a pagan purification rite. On the bank of the river he saw a 'Shining Being' made of light who revealed himself as Vohu Manah ('Good Mind'). Vohu Manah led Zarathustra to the presence of Ahura Mazda (God) and five other radiant beings, which are called the Amesha Spentas (Holy Immortals). This was the first of a number of visions in which Zarathustra saw Ahura Mazda and his Amesha Spentas; during each vision he asked many questions. The answers given to Zarathustra are the foundations of Mazdaic religion.


Tulgriism

Tulgriism, also known as Tulgrism or Tulganaairiism, is a Central Coian religion characterized by shamanism, animism, totemism, poly- and monotheism and ancestor worship. It was the prevailing religion of the Khataghi peoples and the religion of the five ancient Khataghi states: Myaasaanaa Khaganate, Western Khotana Khaganate, Great Khatani, Khatani Empire and Eastern Tourkia (Khazaria). In the religion's sacred scriptures, Irk Tulgriig, Tulgri, or Tulg, is mentioned as Türük Khăganakħ (God of Khataghis).

Tulgriism has been advocated in intellectual circles of the Turkic nations of Central Asia (including Tatarstan, Buryatia, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan) since the dissolution of the Soviet Union during the 1990s.[7] Still practiced, it is undergoing an organized revival in Sakha, Khakassia, Tuva and other Turkic nations in Siberia. Burkhanism, a movement similar to Tengrism, is concentrated in Altay.

Khukh tulgrii means "blue sky" in Khataghi.

Tulgriists view their existence as sustained by the eternal blue sky (Tulgri), the fertile mother-earth spirit (Eja) and a ruler regarded as the holy spirit of the sky. Heaven, earth, spirits of nature and ancestors provide for every need and protect all humans. By living an upright, respectful life, a human will keep his world in balance and perfect his personal (Wind Horse). The Jurchids of the northern Songguo and Southern Khatagh reportedly believed in two gods in ancient times: Tulgri Han (or Tulgri Khan), considered identical to the Farsi Elepandiat and for whom horses were sacrificed, and Nuark (whose victims are struck by lightning). Tulgriism is practiced in Khatagh, and in modern times, has taken much influence from Phuli Satyism. Tulgriist Khataghis aided Solaris by reportedly sending 40,000 soldiers during a joint Solarian-Khataghi operation against the Farsi.

Articles on Tulgriism have been published in social-scientific journals in Khataghi and other nations.