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Revision as of 09:48, 9 July 2020

Narozalic Republic

Нарозаліцька Республіка (Narodyn)
Narozalits'ka Respublika
Flag of the Narozalic Republic
Flag
Naro CoA.png
Coat of arms
Motto: 
"Об'єднані у перемозі"
(tr.) "Ob'yednani u peremozi"
"United in victory"
Anthem: 
"Березень, земляки"
(tr.) "Berezen', zemlyaky"
"March On, O Countrymen"
MediaPlayer.png
Great Seal
Great Seal of Narozalica.png
Location of  Narozalica  (dark green) – in Euclea  (green & dark grey) – in Samorspi  (green)
Location of  Narozalica  (dark green)

– in Euclea  (green & dark grey)
– in Samorspi  (green)

Capital
and largest city
Samistopol
Official languagesNarodyn
Recognised regional languagesVichod, Seniak, Vedmedi, Polianian, Zalyk
Ethnic groups
(2017)
Narodyns (84.3%)
Zalyks (12.8%)
Other (2.9%)
Religion
(2017)
Episemialism (89.7%)
Irreligious (5.6%)
Other (4.7%)
Demonym(s)Narozalic, Narozalican
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential constitutional republic
• President
Valentina Goga
Andriy Matviyenko
LegislatureState Assembly
Vojnaskul
Duma
Establishment
600s
• Duchy of Pavatria formed
910
November 6, 1286
• Archduchy formed
May 18, 1454
• Narozalic Empire proclaimed
August 12, 1567
July 13, 1861
• Current constitution
June 30, 1984
Area
• Total
2,985,973 km2 (1,152,891 sq mi)[a] (4th)
Population
• 2020 estimate
Increase 89,142,866[b]
• 2017 census
88,081,653
• Density
29.9/km2 (77.4/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2020 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.028 trillion (4th)
• Per capita
$33,971
GDP (nominal)2017 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.829 trillion (11th)
• Per capita
$20,514
Gini (2017)Negative increase 36.6
medium
HDI (2020)Increase 0.823
very high
CurrencyNarozalic Zolota (NZZ)
Date formatyyyy/mm/dd
Driving sideright
Calling code+72
Internet TLD.nr
  1. Includes George Ruset Land.
  2. Includes Sarkola.

Narozalica (Narodyn: Нарозалиця; Narozalytsya), officially the Narozalic Republic (Narodyn: Нарозаліцька Республіка; Narozalits'ka Respublika) is a sovereign state in western Euclea. It is the largest and most populous country in Euclea, with just over 89 million people. Clockwise, it borders Velzemia, Vedmed and Yavorstrana. It has coastal territory on the Lumine Ocean, Perovo Sea and Haillet's Sea through the territory of George Ruset Land. Narozalica is comprised of 11 provinces and one territory. The capital and largest city of Narozalica is Samistopol, sitting on the northern coast of the country, with a population of five million.

While the ancestors of the Narodyns did roam the land beforehand, the land of what is eastern Narozalica was first consolidated and unified into one state, the Duchy of Pavatria, in 910 by Nuruk. The Duchy of Pavatria was centred in the east around modern-day Patovatra, competing to an extent with the Verliquoian Empire, who still dominated eastern Euclean affairs, over the power of the continent. Zalyk tribes arrived in the area around Lake Nimgan in 956, forming the Zalyk Khanate. The two states initially tussled over affairs in western Narozalica in the Pavaric-Zalyk Wars in the latter half of the 11th century, but Pavaric victory in the wars forced the Zalyks to surrender and become a vassal state of the expanding western duchy. The unity between the two countries was solidified in 1317 when Duke Nikolai of Lipa ascended to the Zalyk throne, and become the first person to be crowned as Duke of Pavatria and Khan of Zalykia. Over 170 years of union led to the proclamation of the Grand Duchy of Narozalica, the first instance of a unified Narozalic state, in 1498, to compete with the growing influence of the eastern Euclean states. Further consolidation led to the Empire of Narozalica being proclaimed in 1567 and the colonisation of the Ludoy Islands in the north in 1570.

In 1691 George Ruset Land was colonised, marking Narozalica's first Asterian colonial holding. Tribal presence in the military, and the cavalry-based tactics of the Zalyks led to military reformations and the creation of the Mornorda - entirely cavalry-based divisions, in 1694. The Zalyks' prowess on horseback and the lack of anything similar to the armies prior made them extremely effective armies throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, striking a large victory in the Ten Years' War, gaining most of Velzemia and some Yavorstri land in the Congress of Cislania, as well the land of the East Asterian Trading Company, now Chistovodia. The Empire would dominate Euclean affairs until the War of the Triple Alliance, where successive defeats by the Weranic-Estmerish armies caused the Zalyks - who felt they were ineffectively led by Narodyn generals chosen by the monarch, as well as some republicans who thought that the monarchy of Gaullica was exerted too much influence on the country, to revolt against the monarchy in 1857, creating the Seven Province Union, which would eventually come to be the Narozalic Republic under Eduard Olsov in 1861, with Chistovodia declaring independence the same year. Narozalica participated in the side of the Grand Alliance in the Great War, gaining little materially in West Arciluco and regaining land lost to Yavorstrana, but becoming extremely influential on the world stage. The Second Narozalic Civil War broke out in 1978 over Vilem Gardos' presidency, with the two sides eventually compromising and creating limited presidential terms.

In the modern-day, Narozalica is a founding member of the Community of Nations and the ICD, and a member of other organisations such as the ITO and the GIFA, and still projects its influence over western Euclea. Narozalica's economy is fast-growing as it pursues industrial measures for its natural resources, which include coal, oil and gas, and in 2020, its GDP was around $3 trillion, making it one of the strongest in Euclea.

Etymology

The modern name for the country, Narozalica, is believed have been attributed to Grand Duke Ivan IV, who named the country as such upon their official unification in the 15th century. The name is formed of two parts, each referring to one of the two main constituent ethnicites Ivan IV declared to be "honourary citizens" of the kingdom - the Narodyn and the Zalyks. Narodyn stems from proto-Marolev narod, meaning "people", and has been used both as an exonym and endonym for the people ever since. Zalyk is of broadly Turkic origin, and is derived from the translation of "those who remain", used to refer to original Zalyk settlers by their Turkic contemporaries throughout the 9th century, and was transcribed into the Narodyn language as the names of the peoples.

Narozalica has been known by alternative names in its history, but until the 15th century it was widely known as Pavatria, the Solarian name for the city of Patovatra, where the early and dominant duchy was based out of.

History

Prehistory (before the 7th century)

The land that modern-day Narozalica inhabits has been inhabited since around 10000BC, where hunter-gatherer peoples settled down somewhere along the northern banks of the River Aldar, and formed small communities of subsistence farming. Early evidence of tool usage in Narozalica has been found by archaeologists and associated to these hunter-gatherer peoples, who utilised tools such as blunt hammers, axes, makeshift blades and early weaponry to make a living. Evidence of cave paintings and small artworks by these peoples have also been found within the country as well as neighbouring Velzemia, and are some of the oldest of their type in Euclea.

The Narodyns first established their state in the 6th century, but occupied the land as small, independent, loose settlements for decades prior. It is believed that a proto-form of the Narodyn language had been in use since the 5th century BC, where minimal contact was made with eastern Euclea.

Great Vesemir (7th century–910)

The Great Vesemir at its height in the 800s

The emergence of the Great Vesemir in the early 7th century as a loose confederation of Marolevic principalities united in common defense against outside threats was the first example of state-like entities within Narozalica. What is now Narozalica contained six states within the Great Vesemir - the Principality of Lomadin, Principality of Uzyn, Principality of Patovatra, Count of Ovdapol, Principality of Samistopol and the Principality of Dulat and Luchintsy. Narozalica in the Great Vesemir was less developed and less connected than the principalities of modern-day Poliania, especially surrounding the city of Vesemir itself, where the Great Vesemir takes its name.

Throughout the era of the Great Vesemir, the principalities that made it up co-existed in relative autonomy and were essentially independent entities outside of external defense. However, states were not obligated to defend a principality if it was attacked by another principality of the Vesemir, which led to states aligning themselves with others, eventually funneling influence to the two main principalities - Vesemir in the south and Patovatra in the north - which set the basis for the emergence of the post-Vesemir states in the area. The divide between Vesemir and Patovatra is often cited as one of the earliest instances of the modern Narozalic-Polianian border.

Duchy of Pavatria (910–1454)

14th-century painting depicting the Battle of Usaanbalsan

The Duchy of Pavatria was the first of Narozalica's predecessor states established after the Marolevic migrations from the Miersa region saw an influx of Marolevic peoples into the area, who established it as their own land. Formed in 910 AD by conqueror and administrator Nuruk, Pavatria saw success in its initial conquests into central Euclea as the Euclean order established by the Verliquoian Empire and the Empire of Arciluco began to unfold as both states declined. Often led by Nuruk himself, successful conquests and expeditions eastwards saw duchies and small kingdoms in modern-day Velzemia and Miersa brought into the Pavatrian realm. The duchy's rise continued under Nuruk's son, Moimir I, who was less of an expansionist but oversaw consolidation and centralisation of the newly conquered territories, putting Pavatria into a period of relative stability and growth throughout the mid-10th century.

With the Empire of Arciluco officially ceasing to exist in 1000 AD, Pavatria filled the power gap left behind by the empire and became one of Euclea's forefront states for a brief period of time, exerting influence on much of central Euclea that had been fractured by the decline of Arciluco. Pavatria's state of widespread influence was quickly cut short following raids on the duchy's western cities by the Zalyk tribes and Khanate that had established itself in the west following Tagamic migrations into the area around 800 and 900 AD. In 1013, Oleg I declared war on the Zalyk Khanate, beginning the long-lasting Zalyk Wars that embroiled western Euclea for nearly three centuries. Advancements into Zalyk territory were met with fierce resistance as the horse-based structure of the Zalyk armies were able to deal large amounts of damage quickly to the Pavatrian armies, predominantly formed of standing infantry and pikemen. Stories of defeat and disaster made their way back home, and the repercussions brought about by the consequences of the wars eventually put Pavatria into a state of decline and begin the Dark Ages in the region. Widespread loss of life, economic decline and financial ruin from the costs of conflict as well as new diseases emerging from poor hygiene and rodents in many of Pavatria's urban centres characterised Pavatria throughout the late-11th and 12th centuries.

Official truce was declared between the two states in 1189 by Tomislav, and introduced a legal state of peace between the warring kingdoms, who had shared the mutual desire for peace for some time. The peace lasted until 1285, when Ayuga Khan brought a fresh attack upon the significant western city of Nimganopol, angering Pavatria's nobility and general populace, with whom the war was extremely unpopular. Despite this, Nikolai of Lipa rallied the population and nobility, as well as the clergy for religious support, in a successful defense of Nimganopol, instantly and significantly turning the tide of the war and being the pivotal event toward the capitulation of the Zalyk Khanate in 1286, when Ayuga Khan was killed at the Battle of Usaanbalsan. Nikolai signed the Treaty of Buryn with the Khanate, taking much of the Khanate's land for Pavatria and angering the states of Poliania, who had also fought in the war and were promised land for their efforts. Nikolai was revered in Pavatria for his role in ending the war, but was unpopular abroad, particularly in Poliania - and his actions are generally viewed as the beginning of the rivalry between the two states. He assumed the title of Khan of Zalykia after Buryn, setting the precedence for future monarchs and establishing the prestige of Zalykia within the country. Whilst Zalykia was being integrated into Pavatria, it struggled with keeping hold of its central Euclean territories, who were subject to ethnic revolts and independence movements with an overstretched Pavatria. With most of the army in Zalykia to keep stability in the large region, states in central Euclea broke away from the state with little resistance, eventually forcing Pavatria back to the city of Velike Vishnavaya, where its easternmost point remained for almost two hundred years. Patovatra was also subject to invasion by the great Vesemir states of Poliania in 1289, taking a small amount of land around Ut Sala, before Nikolai eventually regained it in 1321.

The House of Nuruk, who had ruled Pavatria for 500 years by now, was eventually deposed in 1377 after a series of poor rulers by Pavatrian noble Ivan Ruda, establishing himself as Duke, styling himself as Ivan II Ruda, and establishing the House of Ruda as Pavatria's ruling house. Ivan's reign was characterised mainly by financial recuperation and economic recovery after the wars with Zalykia had left Pavatria's economy in one of its worst states ever, introducing reforms that generally improved quality of life within the duchy and leading it into its first periods of economic growth for a long time. Ivan III succeeded his father when he died in 1408, expanding the crown demesne to include Patovatra, Samistopol as well as much of the fertile lands that surrounded the city, including lands on the Aldar and Tsyr rivers. The House of Ruda again centralised their rule amidst a succession crisis in 1443, eventually retaining the throne.

Archduchy of Narozalica (1454–1567)

Artur Shcherbak was an influential economist whose efforts led to the Royal Bank of Narozalica's founding

Duke Jan II established the Archduchy of Narozalica in 1454, aiming to centralise and unite the states of Pavatria and Zalykia, who had before co-existed under a single ruler. Unification into one state was also spurred on by the growing powers of the eastern Euclean countries, particularly the emergence of the Sunrosian Monarchy, Rudolphine Confederation and states in Estmere and Gaullica, with Jan aiming to counteract eastern influence on central Euclea. Narozalica was still in debt to various Euclean guilds throughout the reign of Jan II, who continued the reforms of his predecessors to encourage alleviation of the country's financial pressure. He established the Royal Bank of Narozalica in 1477, which gained access to government funds and bonds. It began to issue bank-notes in 1478 in exchange for government bullion and established bonds that could be continually lent to other buyers. The bank's establishment was a success and most of Narozalica's debt had been paid off by Jan's death in 1489.

Around this time, Narozalica began to fall behind its eastern Euclean counterparts with the discovery of Asteria Superior by Badawiyan navigator Assim Asteris, working under the Crown of Caldia. With countries such as Caldia, as well as Estmere, Gaullica and Hennehouwe all establishing settler colonies and trading outposts on the country, Narozalica was unable to send settlers and colonists to the continent due to extortionate taxes placed on the straits towards the Asterias by the Rudolphine Confederation, Solstiana and the Republic of Demora in Montecara, making the New Ovdapol Charter that had been established in Cassier in 1503 unable to be acted upon. Despite this, Narozalica was eager to project its influence worldwide, and began to prepare to send out navigators, explorers and colonists westward into the Lumine Ocean. In 1516, explorers successfully discovered and settled Ust-Tolya in the Ludoy Islands, marking Narozalica's first overseas settler colony, later incorporated into Narozalica in 1528 due to its close proximity.

The first voyages westward took place in 1565, with Narozalic navigator and explorer Grigori Kosh departing from Samistopol with his fleet funded and backed by Archduke Ivan IV. Among his crew was Hennish explorer John Aanholt, who had previously sailed on voyages to the Asterias with Hennehouwe, now employed directly by the Archduke. Kosh and Aanholt reached land in 1566, around 40 miles north of Misto Myru. Establishing Fort Ruda where they landed, Kosh and his crew set up a series of small towns along the coast, each housing around 50 colonists and settlers and later focusing on the lucrative fur trade in the region. With Kosh's colonial success and the establishment of the Colony of Chistovodia in 1567, Ivan IV established the Narozalic Empire.

Narozalic Empire (1567–1861)

The Narozalic Empire at its height in both Asteria Superior and Euclea. Before the War of the Triple Alliance, the Narozalic Empire spanned over 7.1 million square kilometres.

With the Empire's establishment and Ivan's coronation in 1567, Narozalica moved to bolster its own economic stance in the region by monopolising the lucrative Chistovodian fur trade and greatly increasing the value of exports from the region. Chistovodia saw another mass influx of settlers due to the increasing wealth and quality of life in the region, with Narozalica adopting policies of native repression and resettlement shortly afterwards. Native beliefs were often denounced and repressed and forced conversions of the natives were common in the coastal regions of Chistovodia. Ivan IV introduced more scrutinising laws relating to religion, particularly with the various sects of Sotirianism. He denounced the newly emerging sect of Amendism within Narozalica, however moved to support the anti-Catholic princes of eastern Euclea, particularly in the Rudolphine Confederation, during the Amendist Wars in an attempt to secure increased influence in the region.

In 1616, Louis II succeeded to the throne, a member of the house of Halte-Herdorf, a Weranic house, also bringing the Principality of Wittislich under personal union. While Louis was a religious king, he largely left Wittislich to its own devices with religious matters, often sponsoring the construction of Episemialist churches and cathedrals in Bürchaft but rarely extending Narozalica's harsh religious laws to the region. Louis' reign also marked a period of great expansion for Narozalica, beginning with the Yellow Tree War in Chistovodia in 1616, which saw vast amounts of native lands seized and annexed into the colony and the construction of some of Asteria's first native reserves near Lake Tapachanga in the middle of the continent. Around a decade later, in 1631, Narozalica moved to annex the Vedmedi Confederation in the Naro-Vedmedi War, subjugating most of it by the turn of the year. The Miersan Wars of Succession also saw the interregnum of the Miersan crown resolved with the country's split, with most of what is now West Miersa annexed by Narozalica, marking Narozalica's first expansions into central Euclea. In 1663, George I was deposed and killed by his uncle, later George II, aged 14 in 1663, the first non-hereditary passing of the throne in the empire's history. George Ruset Land was discovered and settled by Amathian explorer Cosmin Martinescu, who named it after the Amathian King Gheorghe Ruset, who was ruling at the time.

Frederick I was the first Ryksmark-Halte-Herdorf ruler and Emperor of Narozalica from 1722 to 1756

While Narozalica remained an influential power in eastern Euclean politics through Wittislich, it remained neutral during the Gilded Wars throughout the 17th and early 18th centuries. Increased military presence in Wittislich due to the wars also saw a spike in religious repression within the country by soldiers of Narozalica, largely left unchecked by the crown. In 1701, Narozalica settled its first cities in Coius - Bahan in 1701 (in modern-day Dezevau) and Fort Casimir in 1704 (in modern-day Rwizikuru) - seeing colonial and concessional ambitions in Narozalica peak, especially among its explorers. Plans for further expeditions were cut short, however, by the beginning of the Ten Years' War in 1711, which became a pivotal war for Narozalica and its status as a power. After the end of the war, in 1721, Narozalica received its largest land expansion in history at the Congress of Cislania and the various treaties that ended the war. It annexed Belgarin, the region of Kyrlav and Radushia from Poliania, and partitioned the duchies of Velzemia with the Sunrosian Monarchy, although Narozalica gained the plurality of the region. Casimir III was wounded during the war and later died of his wounds. Casimir left no legitimate heir, sparking a brief successional crisis that quickly ended with Frederick I of the Ryksmark-Halte-Herdorf house taking the throne, also being elected Chancellor of Azmara, briefly bringing Azmara into a union with Narozalica. Narozalica's status as a great power in Euclea was secured after the war, and a later alliance with Gaullica saw the two powers preside over much of Euclean unopposed for around 100 years.

In the 1750s, Narozalica expanded its influence in Coius, gaining the Kassar concession from the Aslamid Empire of Satria in the Aslamid War, with Frederick naming native-born Satrian Chandran Ghani Khan as its first governor. Narozalica was the first of many Euclean countries to gain considerable concessions in Satria over the 18th and 19th centuries, however the prolonged presence of Narozalica saw the Sayars emerge as a distinct and unique ethnic and social class within the empire, comprised of native Satrians whose skills ranged from military prowess to handiwork, trade and bilingualism to communicate with Satria's native rulers, particularly for trade purposes. The sayars was first utilised as Kassar's policing force, but their military capacity was realised after Karl I sent them to Chistovodia to quell the 1773 Mysto Myru revolt, which they did successfully. The sayars became famous throughout Euclea over the coming years for their skill on the battlefield, displayed initially to much of Euclea during the Etrurian Revolutionary Wars. Years of positive worldwide trade saw wealth accumulate in the hands of the upper-class of Narozalica, sparking a widespread famine in 1797 after poor weather oversaw one of the worst harvests in recent memory. A poor and uncoordinated response by Frederick II, which saw many die of starvation, saw him abdicate in 1800 in favour of his son Ivan V. Ivan increased the divide between Narozalica's upper class and peasantry and was a brutal, repressive ruler who lived a lavish lifestyle disconnected from Narozalica's main populace. His reign was generally uneventful, dying of heart disease in 1829 and succeeded by his son and the final emperor of Narozalica, Ivan VI. Ivan promised reforms in his early reign but scarcely delivered on them, only introducing minimal reforms to workers' rights and their employers' boundaries. Dissatisfied with their rule, the peasantry of Narozalica stormed the Nuruk Palace in 1848, almost succeeding in breaching the gates and entering the palace. The rest of Ivan's rule was marked with similar feats of unrest until the outbreak of the First Narozalic Civil War in 1857, eventually fleeing to Gaullica in 1858.

Olsovian Narozalica (1861–1904)

Eduard Olsov was President of Narozalica from 1861 to his assassination in 1904

As a result of the First Narozalic Civil War, Narozalica had seen the secession of its Asterian holdings in Chistovodia and Vinalia as well as massive economic decline throughout the country. Despite the widespread instability, the Narozalic elite present in much of the country's Euclean holdings allowed Olsov to retain most of Narozalica's pre-war borders. Facing a post-war economic crisis, Olsov moved to consolidate and expand Narozalica's trade links in Coius that it had established with the concession of Kassar in the 18th century. Along with a plethora of other Euclean powers, Narozalica became involved in various trade conflicts in southern Coius, eventually gaining one of Keisi's legation quarters and the city of Sanday on the east Coian coast. Olsov also increasingly opened Narozalica's economy to other nations and welcomed the presence of companies within the country throughout the 1860s. Also wishing to bolster Narozalica's military strength, he reformed military wages and structure throughout the 1870s to encourage enlistment, particularly from people in central Euclea. Along with this, he had explicitly curtailed various aspects of labour rights in order to promote the military as a viable option for the free peasantry. Concerned lords who had supported Olsov in the civil war petitioned him to avoid attracting peasants and serfs to Narozalica's armies in 1876, to which Olsov responded by abolishing serfdom throughout Narozalica in October 1876, seen by many as the end of slavery in Narozalica. Military numbers greatly increased as many serfs remained extremely poor.

The emancipation of the serfs in 1876 directly preceded the introduction of the 1877 Constitution of the Narozalic Republic, the first official founding constitutional document in republican Narozalica. The constitution outlined the establishment of the Presidency as a position of absolute authority in Narozalica, citing it as a position supported by the will of the people rather than divine or hereditary right. Unlimited term limits were also outlined in the constituency, establishing elections every five years, a tradition that still exists today.

Beginning in the 1880s, Narozalica became increasingly industrialised. More and more factories began opening in Narozalica's biggest cities, and migration into cities such as Samistopol and Patovatra skyrocketed towards the end of the 19th century, creating two of Euclea's largest urban populations in the process. Due to Narozalica's large size, the construction of railways was limited to eastern Narozalica and central Euclea, and Narozalica's western rural populace, particularly in Zalykia, fell behind the east in terms of advancements. Agriculture remained significant in the east but stayed dominant in the west, where the exports of livestock, meat, grain, wheat and barley all played a massive part in regional economies across the west of the country. As Narozalica progressed further towards adopting a free market industrialised economy, standards of living plummeted in the west, partially due to Olsovian labour reforms introduced two decades prior. Some of the first labour strikes and farmer's rebellions took place in the city of Strusov in October 1891, but were crushed by the military and saw increased scrutiny placed on Narozalica's western agriculture. Eventually labour scrutiny was rolled back towards the end of Olsov's presidency and Narozalica's first agricultural unions formed in Lyubarskaya and Nurmgö in 1901.

By the beginning of the 20th century, public opinion of Olsov had taken a steep fall. Now approaching his eighties, Olsov's rule was becoming increasingly criticised, especially by those involved in the political landscape of Narozalica. His brazen decisions and iron-fisted rule had deteriorated by the 1900s and Olsov had decided to retreat from most public life in 1902. As unrest around his continued presidency grew, especially among Narozalica's working class, Olsov appointed his successor as Pyotr Petrovich in a public address in Samistopol in 1903. In 1904, aged 83, Olsov was shot twice in the chest by monarchist Stepan Sushko in Patovatra, killing him instantly and ending his 43-year tenure.

Volatile Decades and Great Collapse (1904–1926)

Tadeusz Czyzewski, Narozalica's only foreign-born President, held office from 1913 to 1921, at the height of the Great Collapse

Following Olsov's assassination, his appointed successor Pyotr Petrovich ascended to the presidency, assuming office on September 8. Much of Petrovich's presidency was quelling unrest across the country that has arisen as a reaction to the death of Olsov. In the east, some central Euclean nations attempted to achieve their independence, but none of the revolts caught wind and were dealt with by the army by 1905, with many prominent pro-independence politicians being imprisoned on charges of treason. Petrovich left office in 1906 and was replaced by economist Maksym Ilchenko, who himself appointed notable econometrician and future president Tadeusz Czyzewski as his Minister-President. With the two well-versed on economics, they accelerated Narozalica's progression toward a capitalist, small business and free-market-focused economy. In 1907, Narozalica adopted the gold standard for its currency, the zolota, one of the last nations in Euclea to do so, which provided a massive boost to Narozalica's economy through investor confidence.

Ilchenko and Czyzewski also funded improvements to Narozalica's logistical network both east and west, particularly in the form of railways. By 1909, the total length of railway lines in Narozalica had increased by 50%, with rail connections being planned and constructed for most of Narozalica's major cities. Higher emphasis was also put on sea-based trade with other parts of Narozalica, which achieved essential revitalisation for many of Narozalica's ports and docks, and gave more jobs to dock workers, sailors and seamen throughout the country. Despite vast economic successes, Ilchenko and Czyzewski, particularly the latter, were criticised for a perceived ethnic bias towards Narozalica's minorities, which had come about due to the increase in standards of life amongst the country's various Euclean dominions while industrial life in Narozalica remained largely stagnant.

Organised labourers attempt to ransack a train near Luchintsy in the aftermath of the Great Strike of 1914

Ilchenko resigned in 1910 following these allegations and was once again replaced by Pyotr Petrovich for a second term. Petrovich appointed hardline nationalist Vladislav Pudovkin to the Minister-Presidency in 1910, who supported harsher and more oppressive policies in Narozalica's dominions in Euclea and other holdings worldwide. Taxes were increased in 1911 to try and funnel more wealth to the mainland, but Pudovkin eventually resigned in 1912 when Petrovich refused to administer Pudovkin's policies in central Euclea, which included deportations and imposition of direct rule. Czyzewski was reappointed in 1912, and implemented restrictions on hours employers can ask workers to work. The move saw Czyzewski's publicity increase and was viewed by unions as a large step forward in Narozalic labour rights. Following mental health problems, suspected now to verge on insanity, Petrovich resigned from the presidency in 1913. Czyzewski won the subsequent election with over 70% of the vote.

Shortly after Czyzewski's election, the Weisstadt Stock Exchange in Werania collapsed, plunging Euclea into the Great Collapse. The collapse of many large Euclean economies greatly affected Narozalica, who was a massive net exporter of agricultural and industrial products. The Great Strike of 1914 saw around 20,000 workers forcefully dispersed from Olsov Square in Samistopol by the army on orders of the president, which lost him the confidence of much of his left-wing and working class support. The demands of the strikers, among them a plethora of workers' rights guarantees, was unilaterally rejected by Czyzewski, who said he was in no position to negotiate with them. Following the strike, Czyzewski's policies gradually aligned more and more with the right-wing, as he attempted to secure the support of the upper class aristocracy of Narozalica to keep his tenure afloat. With unemployment at almost 30% nationwide, Czyzewski resigned in 1921. Vladislav Pudovkin succeeded him in 1921, and focused efforts on moving the unemployed into industrial jobs working for the production of military equipment with the government paying them bare minimum wage and providing them with food from stock seized by subsistence farmers whose produce was seized for attempting to hoard excess supplies.

Pudovkin's policies were eventually successful, and around 10% of the workforce were employed directly or indirectly by established military camps by the time the Narozalic economy began to recover and post positive numbers in the first quarter of 1924. Shortly after, Narozalica abandoned the gold standard after only 17 years of its use. The expansion of Functionalist Gaullica during this time also saw Pudovkin push Narozalic foreign alignment towards Werania, Estmere and Etruria, all of whom were Tripartite Pact members, while Narozalica began manning the border with Poliania more. With the Hennehouwe Crisis and Second Sakata Incident sparking the war in 1927, Narozalica was a combatant in the war under Pudovkin from the beginning.

Great War and Solarian War (1926–1946)

Post-War Narozalica (1946–1979)

Sostava War (1979–1983)

Post-Sostava Narozalica (1983–present)

Geography

The peak of Mt. Tuzla, the largest mountain in Narozalica, is part of the Ostrug Mountain Range.

Narozalica is the largest country in Euclea, with an area of over 1.5 million square kilometres, over 200,000 square kilometres larger than second-placed Yavorstrana. Narozalica is divided into 16 provinces, each with governing powers devolved from the main government, although not nominally federal. Narozalica is one of three countries (along with Estmere and Gaullica) that retains overseas territory in other continents, with the island of George Ruset Land in Asteria Superior. Narozalica and Gaullica remain the only nations with colonial holdings in the Asterias.

Narozalica also has access to large amounts of natural resources, including coal, oil, liquefied natural gas, and uranium, most of which has been or is exported to other countries.

Climate

The climate of Narozalica is one of the most varied in Euclea. Temperature can range from as high as 40°C inland and can drop to as low as –15°C in the northern provinces in the winter. Most of Narozalica is designated as a temperate climate, with most of its larger cities experiencing temperate climates. The warmest and brightest summers are usually located in Zalykia and Shumsk, with average summer temperatures in the provinces often exceeding 25°C, while the coolest summers and often Kriklivets and Sarkola, with temperatures sometimes dropping to near-freezing levels in the summer months. Unlike many other countries, Narozalica cannot be divided into general geographical climate zones, as they vary across the country.

Precipitation is experienced by all of the country, and can be particularly heavy in the north-east, particularly the Samistopol region which can sometimes experience daily rainfall levels of up to 40mm. However it is comparatively frequent compared to much of western Euclea. Snowfall is also common in the winter months and is more common at inland areas and especially areas near the Ostrug Mountains.

Climate data for Samistopol (1983–2016)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 21.2
(70.2)
23.5
(74.3)
30.0
(86.0)
31.7
(89.1)
34.7
(94.5)
35.2
(95.4)
39.4
(102.9)
38.5
(101.3)
36.0
(96.8)
32.1
(89.8)
29.1
(84.4)
23.5
(74.3)
39.4
(102.9)
Average high °C (°F) 9.6
(49.3)
9.9
(49.8)
12.2
(54.0)
16.6
(61.9)
20.6
(69.1)
24.6
(76.3)
27.4
(81.3)
27.9
(82.2)
24.7
(76.5)
20.4
(68.7)
15.3
(59.5)
11.8
(53.2)
18.4
(65.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 6.1
(43.0)
6.0
(42.8)
8.2
(46.8)
12.1
(53.8)
16.0
(60.8)
20.2
(68.4)
23.2
(73.8)
23.6
(74.5)
20.0
(68.0)
15.8
(60.4)
11.1
(52.0)
8.1
(46.6)
14.2
(57.6)
Average low °C (°F) 3.6
(38.5)
3.3
(37.9)
5.2
(41.4)
9.0
(48.2)
12.7
(54.9)
16.7
(62.1)
19.7
(67.5)
19.9
(67.8)
16.4
(61.5)
12.5
(54.5)
8.1
(46.6)
5.5
(41.9)
11.1
(52.0)
Record low °C (°F) −13.4
(7.9)
−12.6
(9.3)
−7.0
(19.4)
−5.0
(23.0)
3.0
(37.4)
7.1
(44.8)
12.6
(54.7)
10.4
(50.7)
2.7
(36.9)
−3.2
(26.2)
−5.4
(22.3)
−8.3
(17.1)
−13.4
(7.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 184
(7.2)
135
(5.3)
121
(4.8)
120
(4.7)
110
(4.3)
104
(4.1)
128
(5.0)
121
(4.8)
127
(5.0)
167
(6.6)
201
(7.9)
185
(7.3)
1,703
(67.0)
Average rainy days 19 18 18 18 16 14 11 10 13 15 17 20 189
Average snowy days 6 6 3 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 20
Average relative humidity (%) 73 72 72 75 79 79 79 78 76 76 74 72 75
Mean monthly sunshine hours 96 105 145 161 221 258 279 281 226 195 121 86 2,174

Environment

Narozalica's environment is extremely diverse, and many geographical phenomena are located throughout Narozalica, with the Dolomit, the longest river in Euclea, passing straight through the country. Other major rivers include the Aldar, Kvasy, Sarpa, Tsyr and Vikna. In the east of the country, the province of Sarkola is renowned for its colourful autumnal forests and picturesque lake landscapes. The Ostrug Mountains lie between the tributaries of the Dolomit and Vikna and form an expansive ridge that spans most of the western Lushkina and eastern Terekhivka province, historically providing ample natural defense for the country. In the centre of the country, Lake Nimgan, one of the largest in Euclea, forms the basis for most cities settled in Terekhivka. The northern provinces of Rykovychi and Myrutyn and characterised by their colder climates and landscapes, while Shumsk and Zalykia are known for their vast plains and grasslands.

Major cities

Politics and Government

The current Narozalic constitution states the Narozalica is a unitary semi-presidential republic, with the President being the head of state while the Minister-President serves as head-of-government. Narozalica is dominated by the Patriots' Front, who possess supermajorities in both houses of the State Assembly. The government is comprised of three main branches:

  • Legislative: The bicameral State Assembly of Narozalica, made up of the 100-seat Vojnaskul and the 500-seat Duma, has the power to draft, debate, and enact law, declare war, impeach the incumbent President, and decide on the budget.
  • Executive: The President has the power the veto bills before they become laws, although this can be overturned by a three-quarters majority in the Vojnaskul. The President is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces and can also appoint their 10-man cabinet.
  • Judiciary: The judiciary are responsible for interpreting law and overturning laws they deem unconstitutional.

Until 1983, the President of Narozalica was a life-long title, with a successor chosen by the predecessor, since then, they have been elected for a 5-year-term, where any incumbent President can run an indefinite amount of times. The Chairmen of the Vojnaskul and Duma are appointed by the President with consent from the relevant bodies. The Patriots' Front is the current and historical main party in Narozalica, and holds a large majority in both the Vojnaskul and Duma, because of this, Narozalica is often ranked low in democracy indexes and indexes for political freedom.

Military

The Narozalic military is comprised into four main branches: the Army, Air Force, Navy and Marine Forces. Narozalica maintains one of the leading global militaries and is often described as more militarised than its Euclean counterparts. The army has 760,000 active duty soldiers as of 2019, and the air force and navy are some of the largest still active in Euclea. Narozalica retains the second largest stockpile of nuclear weapons, behind Senria. Narozalica was one of the first countries to complete a successful nuclear test, with Orel-1 in 1956.

It is mandatory for Narozalic males aged 18-30 to complete 18 months mandatory military service, due to this, the total number of reserve troops in Narozalic can be as high as 10 million, one of the largest in the world. Narozalica has one of the highest military budgets in Euclea, with 5.4% of its GDP being spent on it.

Foreign Relations

Narozalica's foreign relations mainly stem from its align to the EC, and the country often finds itself aligning slightly with the countries of ROSPO, although the country is not a member of the organisation. Narozalica can often trace lengthy rivalries with the countries of eastern Euclea, with some, like Estmere, going as far back as the 17th-century Gilded Wars. Despite this, Narozalica maintains a diplomatic presence in every member of the EC, with the same being true vice versa.

Narozalica is widely regarded as one of the world's great powers, being a founding member of the Community of Nations and a permanent member of its Security Council, the country holds significant influence in global affairs, particularly those in western Euclea. Narozalica is a founding member of the Samistopol Cooperation Organisation, strengthening ties on western Euclea, particularly states once part of the Empire of Narozalica. Narozalica has begun to attempt to expand its influence in Coius, through its Narozalic Development Fund, aiming to fund infrastructure in less developed countries across the continent.

Political divisions

Since the conclusion of the Sostava War in 1983, two constitutionally-recognised subdivisions exist within Narozalica. The main and predominant subdivision within the country are provinces, which are not nominally federal but share significant devolution from the central government, as well as possessing their own legislatures and in some cases the minor power to govern their respective territories at the consent of the central government. Elections are conducted on both a provincial and national level at varying times. Narozalica has eleven provinces that make up all of its territory in Euclea.

The other major subdivision within Narozalica is the territory, often sometimes called volodin from the Narodyn word for "lordship", and has been in use for centuries dating back to the Narozalic Empire. Territories are governed more directly by the central government, often by councils (рада; rada) directly appointed by the President, who in turn elect their respective territorial governor, who possesses powers almost identical to provincial governors. Territories lack the right to govern and do not possess their own legislatures. Three territories have existed since 1983, Zalykia (1983–2005), Sarkola (1983–1991), and George Ruset Land, which remains a territory today.

Under Article 95 of Section One of the Constitution of Narozalica, amended in 1983, the Duma has the power to promote a territory to a province with a 3/4 majority vote, whilst demoting a province to a territory requires a 5/6 majority vote of the Duma. The president may also issue presidential decrees demoting and promoting provinces and territories during a state of emergency.

Economy

Narozalica has historically been an economy that bridged the gap between agriculture and industrialisation, particularly in the 19th century. Narozalica was hit badly by the Great Collapse in the 1910s and operated autarkic policies under the guidance of Vladislav Pudovkin for much of the early 20th century. International trade began to flourish following the conclusion of the Great War and Narozalica became a prime exporter of military armaments, carrying on from the market created by the Great Collapse, marketed its arms to many illiberal regimes in Coius who the eastern Euclean powers refused to sell weapons to. The Pardarian Revolutionary Resistance Command during the Pardarian Civil War in Zorasan marked one of the first major breakthrough for Narozalic armament selling in the 1940s, and has since gone on to arm allies of itself in many members of Samorspi as well as countries like X and X. Narozalica itself produces a plethora of military weaponry, vehicles, as well as spacecraft.

Narozalica still retains a somewhat significant agricultural sector and subsistence farming still exists in some rural communities. Narozalica remains one of the highest exporters of agricultural produce in Euclea, aimed mainly at budget supermarket chains across Euclea and the Asterias, exporting mainly seafood and beef products. Narozalica was one of the first countries to introduce mechanisation for farming in the 1800s.

The Narozalic economy suffered profusely with the breakup of the Narozalic Empire, with the economy not recovering to the 1979 level until 1990. Industrial production skyrocketed after 1990 as the government introduced significant re-employment plans to allow people affected by the civil war to enter the workforce again. Due to this, a large amount of workers began working industrial jobs in government-subsidised factories for a wide-range of manufactured products. Strong economic continued through the 1990s and the 2000s and the Narozalic economy was comfortably the fastest growing economy of the developed Euclean powers. Today, Narozalica's economy is the world's fourth-largest and Euclea's second-largest economy by Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), with a gross domestic product of over $3 trillion. It operates a mixed economy that blends privatisation and the free market with controlled levels of state interventionism, and is often described as a middle-income country in Euclea, although in recent times this has rapidly changed.

Energy

The Borsha Dam was completed in 2001 and produces the most hydroelectricity in Euclea.

Narozalica produces some of the highest amounts of energy in the world, both for use within the country and for export to other countries. It has direct access to the large sea oil reserves in the Haillet's Sea through George Ruset Land, which it shares with Cassier, and smaller oil reserves within the Perovo Sea. Narozalica is one of the largest oil exporters in the world and often sells to Coius, and is a member of the League of Oil Producing States. By 2023, it is estimated that Narozalic oil production will rise to 3 million bbl/day.

Narozalica also produces a significant amount of electrical power, mainly through an increased amount of hydroelectric activity on the country's six rivers, which has been criticised by countries who also share the rivers with Narozalica. Hydroelectricity makes up a significant portion of Narozalica's energy use, and is the least exported method of energy in Narozalica. Most of Narozalica's energy income comes from its vast reserves of natural gas. Narozalica has continued to fund gas pipelines in western Euclea, often selling energy to members of the Samistopol Cooperation Organisation, and has particular political influence in countries such as Velzemia, who rely heavily on Narozalic natural gas for energy resources. The Borsha Dam on the river Kvasy produces the most hydroelectric output in Euclea, at 36.7 tWh.

Industry

An offshore oil platform in the Perovo Sea.

Narozalica is a heavily industrialised country and boasts one of the largest industrial sectors in Euclea. Having been industrialised later than its eastern Euclean counterparts, Narozalic industry was hit particularly hard by the Great Collapse in 1913, however government intervention in the economy created a funded industrial sector for unemployed workers to produce military equipment for the state, which employed many who had been made redundant by the crisis. President Vladislav Pudovkin is often credited for a revival of the Narozalic industry, with the country still having a large industrial sector in the modern day, and one of the largest in Euclea.

Narozalica continues to imploy a large portion of its current industrial workforce in the production of military-related equipment, including armoured vehicles, aircraft, naval ships, small arms and spacecraft. The second largest industrial employer is the energy industry, which includes workers in oil rigs in the Haillet's Sea and Perovo Sea, as well as natural gas fracking workers who work primarily in the mainland. It is estimated that around 10% of Narozalica's workforce is employed in an industrial sector such as energy or production, however this rate is slowly decreasing as more and more people secure jobs in tertiary or quaternary research sectors, such as health, medicine or research.

Infrastructure and transport

A typical state route sign in Narozalica; KR is the two-letter code for Kriklivets Province

Narozalica's infrastructure is significantly more widespread that any other country in Euclea, due to its size. Most major cities in Narozalica are linked with a variety of high-speed transport methods, including motorways, rail links, and air routes. Narozalica has Euclea's largest air traffic zone that extends out into the Lumine Ocean and Perovo Sea. In 2013 the Narozalic government announced plans to begin the construction of several high-speed rail links connecting the cities of Samistopol and Patovatra with the western provinces and south-eastern cities, where construction is scheduled to begin in 2021. Narozalica has also theorised plans of a major high-speed rail, nicknamed the "Spine of Euclea" (Narodyn: Хребет Євклея; Khrebet Yevkleya), which aim to connect to major members of Samorspi. The Spine of Euclea rail system, if completed in its theorised form, will run from Samistopol to the capital of Gibany in Drosnja, passing through 8 sovereign states. Narozalica has some high speed railway tracks, mainly in urban conurbations in the east, with older rails connecting most other places in the country. Plans to expand high-speed rail links across the country, particularly connecting the east and west, have been gradually implemented over the past ten years.

The roads in Narozalica are generally good quality and most cities are connected by dual carriageway roads to the rest of Narozalica. Narozalica has the longest motorway network of any Euclean country, with 16 different national routes within the country. The NM-1, which connects Samistopol to the city of Gashun in Zalykia, is also the longest single road in Euclea. Large roads in Narozalica are split into national routes (національний маршрут; natsionalʹnyy marshrut), which run between states and cities and are maintained by the central government, and state routes (державний маршрут; derzhavnyy marshrut). National routes are indicated by the numbering NM-X, whilst state routes are indicated by a unique two-letter state code followed by three numbers.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1900 33,726,681—    
1937 54,188,263+1.29%
1947 61,028,377+1.20%
1957 64,725,516+0.59%
1967 69,415,623+0.70%
1977 72,618,729+0.45%
1987 73,019,922+0.06%
1997 76,838,191+0.51%
2007 83,716,201+0.86%
2017 88,081,653+0.51%
2020 89,142,866+0.40%

Narozalica has a population of 88 million in the 2017 census, however this number is expected to have exceeded 89 million in 2020 and is expected to rise further to 90 million by July 2021. It is the most populous country in Euclea and the second-most populous outside of Coius, behind only Satucin. This population is primarily dominated by Episemialist Narodyns, who make up around 80% of the population, with the next largest demographic being the Zalyks in Zalykia at around 14%, with the remaining 5-6% being made up of immigrant communities or ethnic populations near the borders of the former imperial republics, including Vichods, Seniaks, Vedmedis, and Minilovians.

Narozalica has a fairly high birth rate, with 12.8 people born per 1000 women, higher than the average seen in the Euclean Community, but this is beginning to decrease as technology progresses within the country and more families choose to not have children. Life expectancy in Narozalica is 74.6 years for men and 79.1 years for women, which has risen in recent years due to a major crackdown on violent crime, especially within the adolescent and teenage populace, in Narozalica's major cities. Narozalica encourages immigration, especially from states formally within its borders, and the government has launched many programs to assist immigrations in settling down in Narozalica. Despite this, there is still large social prejudice against immigrant populations, especially those originating from outside of Euclea or Chistovodia. Many independent organisations have called Narozalica's social prejudice against immigrants one of the worst still remaining in Euclea. Despite these prejudices, Narozalica's immigrant populace, numbering around 4-5 million, is one of the largest in Euclea.

Education

The entrance to the astronomy building at the University of Malbay is situated in the middle of the city.

Education in Narozalica is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16, where students will rise through three tiers of the schooling system. At the ages of 5 and 6, students will attend kindergarten, where the begin to learn basic intellectual skills such as the alphabet, small words in Narodyn, and counting. Kindergarten in Narozalica is often compared to daycare systems in eastern Euclea, with before-and-after school clubs widely available to care for kids whose parents are working at usual start and end times for the school day. At 6, students enter their first year of primary school, while the first year is comparatively similar to kindergarten, learning eventually picks up through the year, building on skills they have learnt in kindergarten.

At age 11, students will take their preliminary secondary exams, which are non-binding for high school entry but are used to arrange the students into respective bands for their high school education. Students will enter high school aged 11-12, and will remain until they are 16. For the final two years of high school students choose subjects to take forward for two years and to study their primary secondary exams on. A wide range of subjects are offered at most schools throughout the country, however some schools may choose to offer subjects others do not. Most common subjects, such as geography or STEM subjects, are offered at all schools. One primary secondary exams have been completed, students may enter the workforce or attend college until 18, where they will study two or three subjects to take to their university preliminaries. At 18, students can then enter university through their prelim exams. Narozalica has a range of quality universities, with its main one, the University of Malbay, consisting ranking in the top 10 in Euclea.

Religion

Narozalica has historically been dominated by its Episemialist populace and the Episemialist Church, which spread from Amathia and Piraea in the 6th century BC. Much of Narozalica's history centres around its religious status, with the Narozalic Episemialist Church being of the largest geographical religious denominations in Euclea. Around 90% of Narozalica's populace in Episemialist, the highest majority of Sotirianism in any country in Euclea (with the exception of Tibernum) by a significant margin. Zalyks have historically followed a variety of religions, including Irfan, Satyism and their own forms of paganism, however most of these differing beliefs were eradicated when Saint Nikolai of Lipa converted much of the Zalyk populace during its subjugation by the Duchy of Pavatria.

Narozalica is known and renowned for its unique religious architecture, and boasts some of the largest churches and cathedrals in Euclea. St Nikolai's Cathedral in Samistopol is one of the largest in Episemialist Euclea and is one of the primary landmarks of the religion, inciting many visitors from Episemialist followers in Amathia, Piraea and Velzemia, as well as small Episemialist populations in eastern Euclea. Narozalica runs many political and overseas funds for Episemialist populations abroad, and often encourages their migration into Narozalica in cases of severe persecution.

Culture

Architecture

The Vorgol Building in Filimonovka is an apartment highrise in the Nebozhy style, and is famous for its large mural.

Architecture in Narozalica takes a plethora of both modern and historical influence. Throughout its history, architecture in Narozalica has been influenced mainly by Amathian and Verliquoian styles, especially following the country's conversion to Sotirianism by the Empire of Arciluco during the period of the Great Vesemir.

Episemialist architecture within the country is often characterised by its fanciful and ornate nature, displayed in some of Narozalica's largest, oldest and most famous churches and cathedrals. It often differs from its Solarian counterparts in the east in build and stature. Even in smaller local churches in smaller villages, the application of vibrant colour in religious build can be observed. Churches built around the period of the Iconoclast Wars also sport many homages to Jesus Sotiras, much more than can be seen in a religious building from a different period.

The Samistopol City Council building is an example of colourful, stucco-based architecture in Narozalica.

Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, an increasing amount of eastern Euclean architects travelled to Narozalica to design and build buildings in a more eastern renaissance style. Often seen in cities such as Luchintsy and Velike Vishnavaya, the implementation of eastern-styled architecture gave a unique identity to these eastern cities. Narozalic architecture at the time was less focused on beauty and style, and had adopted an increasingly utilitarian purpose since the Great Western March oversaw the construction of settling of many news cities in the north-west of Narozalica.

The 19th century industrial revolution in Narozalica gave rise to the importance of compact, urban housing. Wide streets, named prospekts, were constructed in major industrialised cities and lined with terraced brick housing that could house hundreds of workers. Seen particularly in Samistopol and Patovatra, this terraced housing came to form the brunt of both cities' poorer districts and slums. These compact streets of housing are often viewed as a continuation of the utilitarian architecture that came to characterise Narozalic buildings since as early as the 15th century. Pudovkin-era architecture aimed to rejuvenate these desolate and derelict streets, and began to adopt a more modernised approach that including the introduction of brutalism in the mid-1920s. Large concrete blocks as well as more abstract and blocky designs came to represent the developments of new Narozalic architecture throughout the mid-20th century. Civilian areas such as bus stops, public parks, restaurants, squares and streets were all revamped with brutalist or brutalist-inspired art pieces. Nebozhy apartment highrises also take large inspiration from the brutalist movement of the early-to-mid 20th century, and are now widespread apartment buildings throughout Narozalica.

Literature and philosophy

Literature in Narozalica has existed since the time of the Great Vesemir, where poems dedicated to early Marolevic pagan beliefs were enscribed on trees and rocks throughout the country. With the introduction of the Sotirian Holy Bible in around the 9th century, translated and transliterated by the Empire of Arciluco to convert the pagan Marolevs of the west, religious literature emerged to become popular among the Duchy of Pavatria's established noble classes, with many hymns, songs, chants and poems being written throughout the 10th and 11th centuries in both the Pavaric script and religious Glagolitic script.

J.L. Chernysh (1698–1750), Claudiu Tismaneanu (1831–1901), Olek Krymchuk (1840–1895) and Ivanna Medvid (1904–1970) are among Narozalica's most famous authors

Pavaric eventually dominated as the writing system of most early Pavatrians, while Glagolitic was retained as a liturgical script by the Patriarchate of Pavatria, who regularly published their hymns and chants in the script. In the same time frame, Zalyk literature was emerging among its royals and khans, with the region giving extreme importance to the idea of songs of worship, songs of battle and songs sung at death. Ulämörndün, one of the earliest recorded songs of Zalykia, was composed around the 9th century, apocryphically by Chanyu Ekkin, a Tagamic warlord and leader who led the insurgency into Euclea in the 8th century. Evidence of literature in Zalykia can be found earlier than that of Pavatria, attributed mainly to their established script, which allowed them to publish literature earlier.

Religious literature again saw a massive spike in the 14th and 15th century, particularly surrounding the issue of iconoclasm in the Episemialist Church. Officially, the church had taken an iconodulic position on the matter, putting it at odds with the neighbouring Polianian patriarchate, who espoused iconoclastic beliefs. Iconodulism was criticised by many early religious figures in Narozalica, many of whom were later persecuted or exiled, leading to the emergence of many folk tales pertaining to the subject of divine will as a result of iconodulism, many of which are still widely known today and applied metaphorically to a broader range of topics. Trazheno, one of the earliest folk tales, emerged around the 15th century, and told the tale of Michel Pasnit, an iconoclastic priest living in Velike Vishnavaya who was separated from his family and exiled to Poliania during the Iconoclast Wars. The story signifies the idea of obedience and hierarchical respect, and, while still remaining popular in Narozalica, its morals have been criticised by many literary critics and authors from other countries.

Until the early 18th century, much of Narozalic literature was a prized commodity enjoyed by only its noble and wealthy populace, however after the Ten Years' War, the emergence of literature as a common practise in the east saw many Narozalic authors and early philosophers begin to produce their work in the country. Early authors such as J.L. Chernysh, Ilya Moroz and A.V. Mykhajlenko laid the basis for widespread and recognisable literature in Narozalica. Both Chernysh and Moroz were playwrights whose theatre became extremely popular in the country as well as abroad in Eastern Euclea. Romantic literature and poetry, particularly that whose subject was nature, also became extremely popular throughout the 18th century, while classicism also remained popular throughout Narozalica in the early 1700s. Novelism also emerged in the 18th century but did not become widely popular until the 1800s, where stories of war, marriage and life in general became popular, especially those of a fictional sense. Books detailing national history were also published first around the early 1800s, and educational institutions advanced greatly during the ensuing period of creativity. Minister-President Wenceslaus von Alzen greatly encouraged literary creativity during his tenure, and commended the great advancements the country had made in its literary culture throughout the 18th and early 19th centuries. After the War of the Triple Alliance, stories of war and famine began to emerge throughout Narozalica.

Republican literature became popular during the reign of Eduard Olsov, during which it was pushed heavily by the state as essential literary material. Some of Narozalica's leading novelists completed much of their work in the late 19th century and early 20th century, including Yakiv Kozachenko, Olek Krymchuk, D.A. Kulish as well as Amathian emigrée Claudiu Tismaneanu, often regarded as Narozalica's finest foreign novelist. War stories emerged again during and following the Great War and Solarian War, now portraying war in an extremely negative light and bringing public attention to the horrors and trauma of conflict. Ivanna Medvid's Tale of Two Halves was one of the biggest selling post-war novels in Euclea, and Medvid's only novel. In the modern-day, the emergence of fantasy novels has had a large impact on Narozalica's literature, and is now one of its most popular genres.

Cinema

The film poster for Keshkov, a 1960s sci-fi film that came to characterise the 1960s film boom in Narozalica.

Cinema in Narozalica has its origins in the late 1920s, with the recovery of the Narozalic economy and the general end of the Great Collapse. While older moving pictures had been invented and published in Gaullica throughout the 1890s and 1900s, wartime circumstances meant that photographic and film equipment manufactured there was not shipped to Narozalica. Because of this, early Narozalic film cameras were separate inventions to the Gaullican – and broadly eastern Euclean – counterparts. Pyotr Sokolov was the first to patent a recognisable film camera in 1923, and the Sokolov 440, a refined model of his earlier invention, became one of the first widely-used film cameras in Narozalica throughout the late 1920s. Silent films were the first to enter the Narozalic cinema market, with publications such as The Southern Wind (1927), A Night in Koskov (1928) and Seafarer, also published in 1928. Among the most influential directors in this early era of Narozalic film was Adrik Sahaidachny, whose silent films gained worldwide recognition throughout the war. The success of Narozalica's film industry eventually jeoparised its success, as Pudovkin's wartime government aimed to capitalise on this, commissioning film studios, directors and actors to produce wartime propaganda films through the 1930s. While the essential nationalisation and consolidation of the film industry by the government in Narozalica did not go as far as it did in Functionalist Gaullica, it was still considerable.

As the war ended, Pudovkin loosened restrictions on the film industry and in the 1930s and 1940s, the first Narozalic sound films began to develop. The boost in the Narozalic film industry was part of a larger trend of Euclea-wide cinema boosts, especially with films that depicted the recently-passed Great War. Many prolific directors of the era, including Bogdan Doroshenko, Maksimillian Yurchenko, and Ivano Panchyk made their directorial breakthroughs with post-war films. Pudovkin's government aimed to continue to stimulate the local film industry, but higher quality and better produced films abroad began to dominate the film market in Narozalica by the 1940s. In 1934, around 55% of films shown in Narozalic cinemas were of Narozalic origin, but by 1940 that had dropped to around 10%. Coupled with increasing production from the Asterias, Pudovkin's government passed decrees that mandated the display of at least 25% locally-produced films at cinemas across the country. In effect, this policy lessened the quality of films in Narozalica, and gave rise to Vazhkar films – low-quality high-action films produced quickly to fulfill film quotes for cinemas. Sometimes, Vazhkar films would be produced by the cinemas themselves under different aliases. Wartime films picked up again in the mid-1940s, this time without governmental influence, with the Solarian War. Towards the end of his tenure, Pudovkin placed greater restrictions on film production in Narozalica, particularly on subjects. These restrictions were eventually loosened by Gabriel Tozulyak in 1961, which massively increased film production and quality in Narozalica. Directors such as Motka Shevchuk became globally famous for sci-fi films such as Keshkov, and Narozalica was a pioneer in science fiction films.

Vilem Gardos also placed restrictions on Narozalic film, but were quickly loosened again by Sava Tokar and wartime films gained a massive boost with the conclusion of the Sostava War in 1983. Sostava films of the 1980s would often depict guerrilla warfare in Zalykia, and in some cases were classed as derogatory films towards Zalyks, although this trend eventually waned into the 1990s. Due to relative size, Narozalic film continues to dominate film showings in many Samorspi countries, and its industry is worth tens of billions of Euclos. While not considered a premier film producing country, Narozalic films still enter the box offices in multiple countries across Euclea.

Music and Art

The Newlyweds, a realist painting by Catherine Beaumonoir.

Narozalica is famous for its vibrant musical and artistic scenes, and was the one of the forefront countries in artistic innovation throughout the 18th and 19th centuries. Narozalica is often viewed as the birthplace of realism in art, and the deviation from social normalities in art seen in the works of the famous painter Catherine Beaumonoir allude to the changing cultural aspect of Narozalica, despite her being abroad at the time. Many of Beaumonoir's contemporaries were enticed by the realist movement, and by the time Beaumonoir had passed in 1856, it had become one of the most popular artistic movements in Narozalica. Narozalica is also famous for its many religious frescoes that depict influential religious or royal figures and adorn many of the grand cathedrals within the country.

Narozalica's music scene is often referred to as Euclea's most unique, having blended two wildly different cultural backgrounds in the Narodyn and Zalyk to produce its own historical music scene that was unlike any seen in Euclea before it. Progression from medieval music and military chants such as Ulämörndün, often attributed to the legendary conquerer Ekkin, in the 9th century blended with the traditional music of the Narodyns, similar to many Eucleans, taking large influence from religion and ceremonial instruments such as the organ and harp. During the Imperial era, Velzemian-born composer Dimitri Hopko wrote and performed his Symphony No. 3 at the Nikolai IV Theatre in Samistopol in 1798, eventually growing to be one of Euclea's most famous compositions, especially of the baroque era.

In the modern day, musicians such as Daile have projected Narozalica onto the global musical scene. One of the pioneering states of electronic music and one of the first to utilise the advent of the synthesiser in the 1960s, Narozalica has a storied history of modern music, include many forms of disco, rock and pop music.

Cuisine

Buuz are a staple in Zalyk cuisine, and are similar to dumplings.

Narozalica has a wide array of cuisines that stem from many different regions of the world. In particularly, Zalyk cuisine has had a profound influence on the overall Narozalic culinary identity. Dumplings such as buuz are often filled with meat and eaten by the Narozalic populace, and they are often compared to dim sums or dumplings from southern Coius, where they originate. Suutei tsai has become popular as a unique iteration of the famous Narozalic tea culture, and a popular choice for tourists travelling to Narozalica to try. Yak butter and kumis are traditionally farmed by Zalyk farmers and are a staple in Zalyk day-to-day cuisine, while khorkhog and boortsog are more of a delicacy.

On the Euclean side, Narodyn cuisine has blended traditional foods of the east with the flair of Zalyk cuisine in the west, especially in the modern day. Soups and stews are especially popular in Narozalica, and many versions of noodle soups and meat-based stews found across the country, stemming from the popularity of the dishes during wartime. Soups often make use of common vegetables or produce from Narozalica's vast agricultural diversity and output, commonly featuring foods such as beef, carrots and cabbage. Desserts like blini, small wheat pancakes, have also grown in popularity recently as a staple street food, especially among tourists to the country.

Sports

The Narozalic national ice hockey team in its first year, 1906.

Narozalica is an extremely sporty country, and features in many competitions in a massive variety of sports across the world. Some of the more popular supports include football, basketball and ice hockey. Narozalica participates in the Lumine Classic with ex-dominion Chistovodia, an annual basketball match for the Lumine Cup, a prestigious trophy for basketball players of both countries. Narozalica's Pro League is one of the world's top basketball leagues, and attracts stars from across the world. In football, Narozalica is the most recent winner of the IFF Coupe du Monde, having won the 2019 edition of the tournament that was jointly hosted by Piraea and Gibany, beating Nuvania 3–2 in the final. Narozalica is traditionally one of the better ice hockey nations, and participates regularly in international tournaments. Narozalica is also renowned for its proficiency in winter sports, and has one of the largest Winter Invictus medal tallies in history.

Narozalica hosted and won the 2020 Winter Invictus Games in the city of Ulan Khol in Terekhivka Province, winning the most gold medals of any country in the tournament. It was the first time the country had hosted the Winter Invictus Games and the second time it had hosted the Invictus, having held the Summer Games in Patovatra in 1966. Narozalica also unsuccessfully bid for the 2015 Coupe du Monde, with the Narozalic Football Federation stating it wishes to host an edition of the tournament sometime in the near future.

Narozalica has many sporting rivalries, particularly with eastern Euclean nations, Chistovodia in basketball and ice hockey and Cassier in ice hockey. Most recently, Narozalica won gold in the women's ice hockey event at the 2020 Winter Invictus Games and is scheduled to play Gaullica for the gold medal in the men's final. Narozalica also regularly sends teams to the GBF Basketball World Cup, and has a constructor that competes in the Formula One, as well as a racing circuit in Garbuzy that appears in many annual racing calendars, including Formula One.

National holidays

Narozalica has 16 officially recognised national holidays, many of which are classed as public holidays, whereby workers are entitled to days off, however this is not the case for all national holidays. Most national holidays in Narozalica involve the Episemialist Church, important national dates, and celebrations of Narodyn, as well as Marolevic, culture.

Date Name Native Name Public Holiday Notes
January 1 New Year's Day Новий рік; Novyy rik Yes Celebration of the new year.
January 2–5 Nativity Holiday Свято Різдва; Svyato Rizdva Yes
January 6 Nativity's Eve Святвечір; Svyatvechir Yes Day before the Nativity.
January 7 Nativity Різдво; Rizdvo Yes Celebration of the birth of Jesus Sotiras
January 8 Boxing Day День боксу; Den' boksu Yes Day after the Nativity.
January 19 Epiphany Водохреща; Vodokhreshcha Yes Celebration of the Baptism of the Lord.
February 14 Valentine's Day День святого Валентина; Den' svyatoho Valentyna No
March 11 Maslenitsa Маслениця; Maslenytsya Yes
March 16 Army Day День армії; Den' armiyi Yes Celebration commemorating soldiers of Narozalica and the Narozalic Army.
moveable Friday Good Friday Хороша п'ятниця; Khorosha p'yatnytsya No
moveable Sunday Easter Sunday Пасхальна неділя; Paskhal'na nedilya Yes
moveable Monday Easter Monday Пасхальна понеділок; Paskhal'na ponedilok Yes
April 2 Victory in Poliania Day Перемога в День Поліанії; Peremoha v Den' Polianiyi No Celebration commemorating Narozalica's victory over Poliania in the Great War.
April 9 Navy Day День маринарка; Den' marynarka Yes Celebration commemorating sailors of Narozalica and the Narozalic Navy.
April 22 Air Force Day День повітряно-військові сили; Den' povitryano-viys'kovi syly Yes Celebration commemorating pilots of Narozalica and the Narozalic Navy.
June 17 Minister-President's Day День міністра-президента; Den' ministra-prezydenta No Commemoration of the inauguration of Wenceslaus von Alzen as Narozalica's first Minister-President in 1771.
July 13 President's Day/Republican Day День Президента; Den' Prezydenta/День Республіки; Den' Respubliky Yes Celebration of the inauguration of Eduard Olsov and the formation of the Narozalic Republic in 1861.
August 2 Bajir Баджир; Badzhyr Yes Traditional Zalyk holiday commemorating Zalyk culture.
August 25 Brasva Брасва; brasva Yes Narodyn holiday commemorating Marolevic culture across the world.
September 7 Labour Day День Праці; Den' Pratsi Yes
October 19 St. Nikolai's Day День святого Миколая; Den' svyatoho Mykolaya Yes Celebration commemorating the ascension of Nikolai of Lipa to the throne of Pavatria.
December 31 New Year's Eve Переддень Нового року; Peredden' Novoho roku Yes Day before the new year.

National symbols