View source for National Assembly (Akashi)

{{Infobox legislature
| name               = National Assembly of Akashi
| native_name        = <small>国民議会 ''Kokumin gikai'' <small>([[Miranian language|Miranian]])</small><br>𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌵𐌿𐌼𐌸𐍃 ''þiudagaqumþs'' <small>({{wpl|Gothic language|Gothic}})</small>
| legislature        = 23rd Assembly
| house_type         = {{wpl|Unicameral}}
| foundation         = 1 September 1942
| leader1_type       = [[National Assembly (Akashi)#Speaker|Speaker of the National Assembly]]
| leader1            = Damjanus
| seats              = 400
| structure1         = <!-- Akashi-NA-2018.svg -->
| structure1_res     = 300px
| political_groups1  = '''Government'''
* {{color box|{{A-SP/meta/color}}}} {{A-SP}}
* {{color box|{{A-GP/meta/color}}}} {{A-GP}}
* {{color box|{{A-NCP/meta/color}}}} {{A-NCP}}
* {{color box|{{A-NU/meta/color}}}} {{A-NU}}

'''Supported by'''
* {{color box|{{A-CP/meta/color}}}} {{A-CP}}
* {{color box|{{A-SCP/meta/color}}}} {{A-SCP}}
* {{color box|{{A-JP/meta/color}}}} {{A-JP}}
* {{color box|{{A-NFP/meta/color}}}} {{A-NFP}}
* {{color box|{{A-FP/meta/color}}}} {{A-FP}}

'''Opposition'''
* {{color box|{{A-MPP/meta/color}}}} {{A-MPP}}
* {{color box|{{A-URP/meta/color}}}} {{A-URP}}
* {{color box|{{A-LP/meta/color}}}} {{A-LP}}
* {{color box|{{A-CNP/meta/color}}}} {{A-CNP}}
* {{color box|{{A-ARP/meta/color}}}} {{A-ARP}}
* {{color box|{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}}} {{wpl|Independent (politician)|Independents}}
| committees1        = {{Collapsible list |title = [[National Assembly (Akashi)#Committees|23]] |Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries|Cabinet|Constitutional Affairs and Law|Cooperatives|Culture and Arts|Defense|Economy and Finance|Education|Environment|Foreign Affairs|General Affairs|Health|Labour|Oversight|Provincial and Prefectural Governance|Public Accounts|Public Safety|Public Petitions and Referendums|Public Welfare|Rules and Procedure|Science|Sport and Tourism|Transport}}
| voting_system1     = {{wpl|Parallel voting}}<small>
* {{wpl|Single-transferable vote}} (200 seats)
* {{wpl|Party-list proportional representation}} (200 seats)</small>
| last_election1     = [[Akashian general election, 2018|30 June 2018]]
| next_election1     = [[Akashian general election, 2022|25 June 2022]]
| meeting_place      = [[National Assembly (Akashi)#Building|National Assembly Building]], Hirakawa
| website            = http://www.kokkai.aks/
}}

The '''National Assembly''' ([[Miranian language|Miranian]]: 国民議会 ''Kokumin gikai'', {{wpl|Gothic language|Gothic}}: 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌵𐌿𐌼𐌸𐍃 ''þiudagaqumþs'') is the {{wpl|unicameral}} national {{wpl|legislature}} of [[Akashi]]. It was established by the [[Politics of Akashi#Constitution|Constitution of 1941]]. It has 400 members, [[Politics of Akashi#Elections|elected every 4 years]] through {{wpl|parallel voting}}.

The National Assembly is the supreme legislative body at the national level. It makes laws, adopts [[Economy of Akashi#Budget|budgets]], and approves the [[Prime Minister of Akashi|Prime Minister]] and their [[Cabinet of Akashi|cabinet]]. Uniquely among [[Tyran]]ian legislatures, its [[National Assembly (Akashi)#Speaker|speaker]] is a non-political expert in parliamentary procedure appointed from outside its membership.

It is commonly referred to as "the Assembly" (国会 ''Kokkai''), and its members as "members of the National Assembly" (国会議員 ''Kokkai giin'', 𐌲𐌰𐌵𐌿𐌼𐌸𐍃𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 ''Gaqumþsgadaila''), abbreviated "MNAs".

==History==
The National Assembly was established by the [[Politics of Akashi#Constitution|Constitution of 1941]], with the first elections taking place in [[Akashian general election, 1942|1942]]. It succeeded the Constituent Assembly (憲法議会 ''Kenpō gikai''), [[Akashian Constituent Assembly election, 1940|elected in 1940]] to draft the constitution.

Initially, it had 200 seats elected through nationwide {{wpl|party-list proportional representation}}. Reforms to [[List of political parties in Akashi#1940–1970|"open up the system"]] implemented {{wpl|parallel voting}} in 1970, and its size was doubled to 400 seats in 1982.

Its building was stormed, occupied, and vandalised twice: during the [[Summer of Freedom]] in 1968, and during the anti-[[neoliberal conspiracy]] protests in 1990. Both occupations forced a premature end to their respective legislative sessions.

==Legislative functions==
The National Assembly is the national {{wpl|legislature}} of Akashi and fulfils the appropriate functions. It enacts laws, approves the [[Economy of Akashi#Budget|budgets]], amends the [[Politics of Akashi#Constitution|constitution]], approves the [[Cabinet of Akashi|cabinet]] and scrutinises its activities.

Its {{wpl|legislative session}} lasts from September to June, with a break over the new year period. Extraordinary sessions may be called while it is out of session, by request of the President, cabinet, or at least a third of members.

===Procedure===
The legislative procedure has 5 stages:

# A bill is proposed, either by a member of the government or by any individual assemblymember.
# The bill is referred to the relevant committee, where it is considered in detail.
# The National Assembly debates the recommendation from the committee. If the bill is dismissed, the procedure ends.
# A second debate is held after 3 days, ending with a new vote. If successful, the bill is sent to the [[President of Akashi|President]] to sign.
# A supplementary debate can be held to consider amendments to the bill, or if the President refuses to sign the bill and returns it to the National Assembly.

The procedure can also be delayed in order to {{wpl|legislative referral|refer}} a bill to a [[Politics of Akashi#Referendums|referendum]].

Most bills are passed by simple majority, but constitutional amendments require approval by {{wpl|supermajority|two-thirds}} of members.

===Committees===
Much of the National Assembly's legislative work is done in {{wpl|committee}}s, which have an important advisory and revising role in the absence of an {{wpl|upper house}}.

The current committees are as follows:

{{div col|cols=2}}<small>
* Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
* Cabinet
* Constitutional Affairs and Law
* Cooperatives
* Culture and Arts
* Defense
* Economy and Finance
* Education
* Environment
* Foreign Affairs
* General Affairs
* Health
* Labour
* Oversight
* Provincial and Prefectural Governance
* Public Accounts
* Public Safety
* Public Petitions and Referendums
* Public Welfare
* Rules and Procedure
* Science
* Sport and Tourism
* Transport</small>
{{div col end}}

==Organisation==
The {{wpl|quorum}} for the National Assembly is half the membership. Deliberations are in public unless two-thirds of those present vote otherwise.

Procedure, standing orders, and disciplinary measures are determined by the Rules and Procedure Committee.

The National Assembly is empowered to compel people to testify before its committees and answer questions put to them. It can direct the [[Akashi#Law enforcement|police]] to enforce such orders.

===Votes===
All votes in the National Assembly are {{wpl|Voting methods in deliberative assemblies#Recorded vote|recorded}}, and are done electronically.

{{wpl|Proxy voting}} is used if a member cannot attend a vote in person. 

===Speaker===
Legislative sessions are presided by the {{wpl|Speaker (politics)|speaker}} (議長 ''Gichō''). Unique for Tyranian legislatures, the speaker is not chosen from among assemblymembers. Instead, they are an expert in parliamentary procedure appointed to maintain order, ensure debates proceed smoothly, and formally announce the results of a vote.

Frequently, the position is used to honour civil servants and intellectuals for their service to Akashi. Speakers are not allowed to have any political affiliations while in office.

Because the speaker is not an assemblymember, they do not have a {{wpl|casting vote}}. A tied vote on a bill or budget is thus a defeat.

==Members==
Members of the National Assembly are known as "members of the National Assembly" (国会議員 ''Kokkai giin'', 𐌲𐌰𐌵𐌿𐌼𐌸𐍃𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 ''Gaqumþsgadaila''), abbreviated "MNAs". They have {{wpl|parliamentary privilege}} for actions and statements made during legislative sessions, but not {{wpl|parliamentary immunity}}.

MNAs receive a monthly taxable {{wpl|remuneration}}, not a salary, and may be compensated for expenses necessary to perform their duties. They may travel for free on [[Economy of Akashi#Infrastructure|public transport]] for purposes related to legislative work. MNAs representing constituencies far from Hirakawa may be allocated a second apartment in the capital.

They are aided in their work by personal assistants, formally employed by the National Assembly.

==Building==
[[File:NationalAssemblyBuilding.png|thumb|right|200px|The National Assembly Building]]
The National Assembly Building (国会 議事堂 ''Kokkai-gijidō'') is located in Hirakawa. It houses the debating chamber, the records of parliamentary debates, the committee rooms, and the offices of the MNAs.

The central hall of the building is a well-known tourist attraction. The floor features elaborate decorations depicting {{wpl|tomoe|''hidari-mitsudomoe''}} in the [[Akashi#National symbols|national colours]] and reproductions of traditional Gothic {{wpl|Migration Period art#Polychrome style|polychrome}} {{wpl|Pietroasele Treasures|treasure pieces}}. The ceiling is made of {{wpl|stained glass}} and features oil paintings of Akashian landscapes.

Access to the debating chamber is only allowed with a member badge or {{wpl|identity document}}, with no exceptions. Members of the public can watch proceedings from the public gallery.

The debating chamber uses a {{wpl|hemicycle}} seating arrangement. Political parties are seated facing the speaker from left to right based on their position on the {{wpl|political spectrum}}. Independent MNAs are always seated in the centre.

==Broadcasting==
The National Assembly's proceedings are {{wpl|legislature broadcaster|broadcast}} by [[AKH]] Kokkai.

All parliamentary footage is {{wpl|public domain}}.

==Composition==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
![[Politics of Akashi#Elections|Election]]
!Assembly
!Inaugurated
!Dissolved
![[Cabinet of Akashi|Cabinets]]
|-
|[[Akashian Constituent Assembly election, 1940|1940]]
|Constituent Assembly
|20 May 1940
|1 June 1942
|[[Yurika Ehara]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1942|1942]]
|1st Assembly
|1 September 1942
|1 June 1946
|[[Yurika Ehara]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1946|1946]]
|2nd Assembly
|1 September 1946
|1 June 1950
|[[Yurika Ehara]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1950|1950]]
|3rd Assembly
|1 September 1950
|1 June 1954
|[[Yurika Ehara]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1954|1954]]
|4th Assembly
|1 September 1954
|1 June 1958
|[[Yurika Ehara]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1958|1958]]
|5th Assembly
|1 September 1958
|1 June 1962
|[[Yurika Ehara]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1962|1962]]
|6th Assembly
|1 September 1962
|1 June 1966
|[[Yurika Ehara]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1966|1966]]
|7th Assembly
|1 September 1966
|1 June 1970
|[[Yurika Ehara]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1970|1970]]
|8th Assembly
|1 September 1970
|1 April 1972
|[[Masaki Ōshiro]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1972|1972]]
|9th Assembly
|8 May 1972
|1 June 1974
|[[Tarō Yukimura]] cabinet<br>[[Kasumi Kuroki]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1974|1974]]
|10th Assembly
|1 September 1974
|1 June 1978
|[[Kasumi Kuroki]] cabinet<br>[[Naoko Nemoto]] interim cabinet<br>[[Yumiko Nagatsuki]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1978|1978]]
|11th Assembly
|1 September 1978
|1 June 1980
|[[Yumiko Nagatsuki]] cabinet<br>[[Hikaru Katayama]] cabinet<br>[[Yumiko Nagatsuki]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1980|1980]]
|12th Assembly
|1 September 1980
|1 June 1982
|[[Toshirō Kuno]] interim cabinet<br>[[Mutsuhito Ōe]] interim cabinet<br>[[Þiudawulþus]] interim cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1982|1982]]
|13th Assembly
|1 September 1982
|1 June 1986
|[[Ran Tsukuda]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1986|1986]]
|14th Assembly
|1 September 1986
|1 March 1990
|[[Ran Tsukuda]] cabinet<br>[[Ichirō Kondō]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1990|1990]]
|15th Assembly
|1 April 1990
|1 June 1994
|[[Shinobu Furukawa]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1994|1994]]
|16th Assembly
|1 September 1994
|1 June 1998
|[[Shinobu Furukawa]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1998|1998]]
|17th Assembly
|1 September 1998
|1 December 1999
|[[Shinobu Furukawa]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 1999|1999]]
|18th Assembly
|3 January 2000
|1 June 2002
|[[Ran Tsukuda]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 2002|2002]]
|19th Assembly
|1 September 2002
|1 June 2006
|[[Anna Carbone]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 2006|2006]]
|20th Assembly
|1 September 2006
|1 June 2010
|[[Anna Carbone]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 2010|2010]]
|21st Assembly
|1 September 2010
|1 June 2014
|[[Kōko Kaga]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 2014|2014]]
|22nd Assembly
|1 September 2014
|1 June 2018
|[[Kōko Kaga]] cabinet
|-
|[[Akashian general election, 2018|2018]]
|23rd Assembly
|1 September 2018
|Incumbent
|[[Kōko Kaga]] cabinet
|}

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[[Category:Politics of Akashi]]