View source for Whaling Treaty

{{Infobox treaty
| name                = Whaling Treaty
| long_name           = Treaty on the Elimination of Piracy, Overfishing and Other Criminal Maritime Activities
| image               =
| image_width         =
| caption             =
| type                =
| date_drafted        =
| date_signed         = {{Start date|2016|04|06}}
| location_signed     = [[Kutacar]], [[Tuthina]]
| date_effective      = {{Start date|2016|11|16}}
| condition_effective = 15 ratifications
| parties             = 15 states
| depositor           = Governments of the Aininian Republic and the Most Serene Empire of Tuthina
| languages           = French, Literary Tuthinan
}}
The '''Treaty on the Elimination of Piracy, Overfishing and Other Criminal Maritime Activities''' ({{wp|French language|French}}: ''Traité pour l'élimination de la piraterie, de la surpêche et d'autres activités maritimes criminelles'', [[Literary Tuthinan language|Literary Tuthinan]]: 𠟯𣹹水寇竭䱷又𠔁水辠㞢𡚑𠣩 ''chwo'myet suykō ket'yo u'pyet suycoy ci kongyak''), commonly known as the '''Whaling Treaty''' or the '''Whale Treaty''' ({{wp|French language|French}}: ''Traité baleinier'', [[Literary Tuthinan language|Literary Tuthinan]]: 護䲔灋 ''hokyengpyop'', "law to protect whale"), is the international agreement that restricts {{wp|privateering}}, {{wp|overfishing}} (especially of {{wp|whaling|whales}}) and {{wp|ocean dumping}} in {{wp|international waters}} throughout [[Esquarium]]. Along with the [[High Seas Treaty]], it forms the nucleus of the body of public international law concerning the {{wp|law of the sea}}.

== History ==
The catalyst for the treaty came in the form of the [[Whale War]], in which a [[Fjalland|Fjallandic]] whaling vessel was sunk by the Tuthinan maritime civil defence force for {{wp|whaling}} in waters that Tuthina claims as its {{wp|exclusive economic zone}} after a fatal confrontation. Subsequent diplomatic consultations between Tuthina and Ainin, the latter a staunch defender of Tuthinan actions, led to the signing of a memorandum of understanding in [[Huimont]] between the two countries on the necessity of establishing standards for behaviour in international waters. Talks between officials of the two countries led to the drafting of a treaty heavily restricting harmful actions on the high seas. It was unveiled and signed by foreign ministers [[Hiroyuki Tesigahara]] of Tuthina and [[Remy Micheaux]] of Ainin on April 6, 2016.

== Description ==
Article 1 declares the treaty to be ''{{wp|Peremptory norm|jus cogens}}'' that all states, not just signatories, are compelled to follow and not permitted to violate, under threat of "restitutive action" by signatories. It then goes on to establish the [[International Fisheries Commission]] (CFI), responsible for setting fishing quotas, updating lists of endangered maritime species and resolving disputes over treaty violations between signatories. It declares the membership of the Commission to "constitute of one (1) delegate from each high contracting party" to the treaty.

Article 2 deals with {{wp|piracy}} and permits any nation to deal with threats to international shipping as they see fit, reinforcing the customary view of pirates as ''{{wp|hostis humani generis}}'', or enemies of mankind. It furthermore bans all states from engaging in the act of {{wp|privateering}} and considers the use of military force against warships engaging in the act as self-defence. It reinforces the {{wp|freedom of navigation}} principle that "free ships make free goods."

Articles 3 and 4 prohibit the use of certain destructive fishing methods in international waters and authorize the Commission to set quotas for specific species and regions, as well as allocate the quotas among concerned countries. 

Article 5 declares the oceans to be the {{wp|common heritage of mankind}} and establishes that all states have the responsibility to conserve its ecosystems for future generations. It further sets out restrictions on {{wp|ocean dumping}} and includes a near-total prohibition on the dumping of {{wp|radioactive waste}} in the ocean. It also encourages signatories to reduce the quantity of plastics and fishing debris released into the ocean.

== Status ==
=== List of parties ===
{{Color box|#F6E1B9}} ''Denotes a depository of the treaty''
{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Entity
! Signed
! Deposited
! Method
|-
|bgcolor=#F6E1B9| {{flag|Ainin}}
| April 6, 2016
| April 11, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Ankoren}}
| May 6, 2016
| August 1, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Arkiasis}}
| May 6, 2016
| May 30, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Aucuria}}
| April 28, 2016
| May 25, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Ceresnia}}
| May 8, 2016
| July 1, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|East Cortoguay}}
| June 25, 2016
| July 9, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Esquarian Community}}
| December 7, 2017
| December 7, 2017
| Accession
|-
| {{flag|Evroseia}}
| April 22, 2016
| June 3, 2016
| Ratification
|-
|{{flag|Karazawa}}
| May 2, 2016
| May 22, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Katranjiev}}
| May 1, 2016
| May 11, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Jathana}}
| May 3, 2016
| May 8, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Lecistan}}
| June 25, 2016
| July 3, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Luziyca}}
| May 10, 2016
| June 13, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Montecara}}
| September 30, 2016
| October 12, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Namor}}
| April 25, 2016 
| April 24, 2017 
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Nautarya–Alouatan}}
| April 29, 2016
| May 11, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Oelia}}
| May 10, 2016
| May 31, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Pavonistade}}
| May 12, 2016
| May 19, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Saheil}}
| April 16, 2016
| May 8, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Senria}}
| April 25, 2016
| May 7, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Sjealand}}
| October 19, 2016
| December 1, 2016{{ref|a|<nowiki>[n 1]</nowiki>}}
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Siphria}}
| June 21, 2016
| August 4, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Swastria}}
| October 19, 2016
| December 1, 2016{{ref|a|<nowiki>[n 1]</nowiki>}}
| Ratification
|-
|bgcolor=#F6E1B9| {{flag|Tuthina}}
| April 6, 2016
| April 8, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Vyvland}}
| April 21, 2016
| May 17, 2016
| Ratification
|-
| {{flag|Xiaodong}}
| May 3, 2016
| May 22, 2016
| Ratification
|-
|}
<small>:1.{{note|a}} Has claimed a {{wp|reservation (law)|reservation}} regarding the role of the International Fisheries Commission in the [[Tynic Sea]] due to the extant [[Tynic Commission]].</small>

=== States that have signed but not ratified ===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
! State
! Signed
|-
| {{flag|Ambrose}}
| May 7, 2016
|-
|}

[[Category:Ainin]] [[Category:Tuthina]] [[Category:Esquarium]] [[Category:Treaties]]