View source for Hisari Wars

{{WIP}}
{{Infobox Military Conflict
| conflict    = Hisari Wars
| partof      = 
| image       = [[image:Hisari Wars collage.PNG|300px]]
| caption     = <small>'''Clockwise from the top:''' Veliky Belgorod after its recapture by the Imperial Army, Romellenic forces fighting near Branishte; Salamat after a Romellenic bombing campaign; Hisari tank driving through Melnichar after its capture by the Imperial Army, a Hisari ambush of a Fahrani convoy in Haydaristan, Shurawi mujahideen in as-Sourh, Hisari soldiers hiding in the rubble during the Battle of Qazdamir, Fahrani soldier wearing a gas mask.</small>
| date        = 25 August 1973 - 14 May 1981
| place       = [[Catai|Western Catai]]
| casus       = 
| result      = Hisari victory over Veliky Belgorod, Hisari stalemate with Romellea, Hisari victory over Fahran.
* Romellean failure to guarantee the independence of Veliky Belgorod.
* Hisari failure to topple the Romellenic government.
* Hisari integration of its Russian vassal states.
* Fahrani failure to topple the Hisari government and annex the Gheiravic-minority areas in Haydaristan.
* Hisari failure to topple the Fahrani government.
* Fahrani recession and eventual overthrow of Sabir Afzal Rahmani's Junta.
* Summer protests of 1978 in Romellea and the dissolution of the People's Republic.
* Beginning of the Gheiravic refugee crisis.
* Synnia sees the fall of Costas
| combatants_header = 
| combatant1  = {{flag|Hisaristan}}<br>Haydari Mujahideen <small> (1976-81)</small><br>Ramazani Mujahideen <small> (1976-81)</small><br>Shurawi Mujahideen <small> (1976-81)</small><br>{{flag|Sidi Synnia}} <small> (1974-77)</small> <br>{{flag|Leidense Republic}}<small> (1976-81)</small><br>'''<small>Supported by:</small>'''<br>{{flag|Leidense Republic}} <small> (1973-76)</small>

| combatant2  = {{flag|People's Republic of Romellea}}<br> <small> (1973-78)</small><br>[[Grand Duchy of Veliky Belgorod]] <small> (1973-78)</small><br>{{flag|Fahran}}<br> <small> (1978-81)</small><br>{{flag|Provisional Government of Romellea}}<small> (1979)</small><br>

| commander1  = 
'''Hisari Leaders'''<br>{{unbulleted list
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} [[Khasar|Khasar Khagan]] <small>Emperor of Hisaristan</small><br>
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} [[Reza Khan Hamadani]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} [[Husayn Alizadeh]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} [[Hafiz al-Rashid]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} [[Vsevolod Kuznetsov]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} [[Firuz Dehghani]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} [[Mehmet Kahramanoğlu]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} [[Mikhail Mirzoev]]<br>
}}
'''Leidense Leaders'''<br>{{unbulleted list
  | {{flagicon|Leidense Republic}} [[Marjorie Schwerin]] <small>President of Leiden</small><br>
  | {{flagicon|Leidense Republic}} [[Henry Bernhard]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Leidense Republic}} [[Jonathan Anberg]]<br>
 }}

| commander2  =
'''Romellenic and Belgorodski Leaders'''<br>{{unbulleted list
  | {{flagicon|People's Republic of Romellea}} Kostadin Vaptzarov <small> General Secretary of the Romellenic Communist party (1973-1978)</small><br>
  | {{flagicon|Provisional Government of Romellea}} [[Vladislav Traykov]]<small> Head of the [[Provisional Government of Romellea|Provisional Government]] (1979)</small><br>
  | {{flagicon|People's Republic of Romellea}} [[Konstadin Asenov]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|People's Republic of Romellea}} [[Alexander Karaivanov]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|People's Republic of Romellea}} [[Ioan Vasilev]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|People's Republic of Romellea}} [[Iosif Stambolov]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|People's Republic of Romellea}} [[Emilian Cherkeshev]]<br>

}}

[[Simeon Kanizhanski]] <small> Grand Knyaz of Veliky Belgorod</small><br>

'''Fahrani Leaders'''<br>{{unbulleted list
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} [[Sabir Afzal Rahmani]] <small> President of Fahran</small><br>
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} [[Bassem Hadil]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} [[Hussein Zabadi]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} [[Cebrail Osman al-Nerraphne]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} [[Rahul al-Khasawnah]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} [[Saleh Mohammed Arura]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} [[Bakir Kassab]]<br>
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} [[Hamid Rashid Khairullah]]<br>
}}

| strength1   = '''Hisaristan'''

'''At the onset of the war'''<br>{{unbulleted list
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 100,000-150,000 soldiers
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 512 tanks
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 1,025 APCs
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 237 fighters
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 267 bombers
}}
'''After Fahran declares war in 1978'''<br>{{unbulleted list
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 1,600,000 soldiers
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 1,225 tanks
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 2,275 APCs
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 412 fighters
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 525 bombers
}}
'''1981'''<br>{{unbulleted list
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 2,000,000 soldiers
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 6,867 tanks
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 8,125 APCs
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 867 fighters
  | {{flagicon|Hisaristan}} 1,050 bombers
}}

| strength2   = '''People's Republic of Romellea'''

'''At the onset of the war'''<br>{{unbulleted list
  | {{flagicon|People's Republic of Romellea}} 186,000 soldiers
  | {{flagicon|People's Republic of Romellea}} 500 tanks
  | {{flagicon|People's Republic of Romellea}} 1,350 APCs
  | {{flagicon|People's Republic of Romellea}} 280 fighters
  | {{flagicon|People's Republic of Romellea}} 220 bombers
}}
'''1979'''<br>{{unbulleted list
  | {{flagicon|Provisional Government of Romellea}} 1,000,000 soldiers
  | {{flagicon|Provisional Government of Romellea}} 467 tanks
  | {{flagicon|Provisional Government of Romellea}} 1,512 APCs
  | {{flagicon|Provisional Government of Romellea}} 364 fighters
  | {{flagicon|Provisional Government of Romellea}} 332 bombers
}}

'''Fahran'''

'''Fahran declares war in 1978'''<br>{{unbulleted list
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} 750,000 soldiers
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} 2,125 tanks
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} 4,012 APCs
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} 550 fighters
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} 675 bombers
}}
'''1981'''<br>{{unbulleted list
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} 1,500,000 soldiers
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} 5,000 tanks
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} 10,000 APCs
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} 432 fighters
  | {{flagicon|Fahran}} 864 bombers
}}

| casualties1 = {{flag|Hisaristan}}<br>'''Military dead'''<br>100,000-400,000<br>'''Military wounded'''<br>400,000-1,000,000<br>'''Military missing'''<br>75,000-100,000<br>'''Total'''<br>575,000-1,500,000 KIA, WIA or MIA

| casualties2 = {{flag|People's Republic of Romellea}}<small> (1973-78)</small><br>'''Casualties and losses'''<br>{{*}} 36,975 soldiers dead<br>{{*}} 67,322 wounded<br>{{*}} 3,278 missing<br>{{*}} 58 tanks<br>{{*}} 24 combat aircraft<br>{{*}} 3 patrol ships<br>{{*}} 158 other vehicles<br>'''Total'''<br>107,575 KIA, WIA, or MIA<br>{{flag|Provisional Government of Romellea}}<small> (1979)</small><br>'''Casualties and losses'''<br>{{*}} 1,893 soldiers dead<br>{{*}} 5,733 wounded<br>{{*}} 57 missing<br>{{*}} 12 tanks<br>{{*}} 1 combat aircraft<br>{{*}} 34 other vehicles<br>'''Total'''<br>7,683 KIA, WIA, or MIA<br>{{flag|Fahran}}<br>'''Military dead'''<br>200,000-400,000<br> '''Military wounded'''<br>200,000-1,200,000<br> '''Military missing'''<br>75,000-125,000<br> '''Total'''<br>475,000-1,725,000 KIA, WIA, or MIA

| notes       = 
}}
The Hisari Wars were three separate but related armed conflicts: the [[Hisari-Romellean War (1973-1978)]] between [[Hisaristan]] (supported by [[Leiden]] and [[Dayganistan]]) and the [[Socialist Republic of Veliky Belgorod]] (supported by the [[People's Republic of Romellea]], [[Veleaz]], and the [[Aeian Socialist Union]]); the [[Hisari-Fahrani War (1978-1981)]] between [[Hisaristan]] (supported by [[Leiden]], [[Dayganistan]], and [[Sidi Synnia|Synnia]]) and [[Fahran]]; and the [[Second Hisari-Romellean War (1979)]]) between [[Hisaristan]] and [[Romellea]]. The wars collectively lasted from 25 August 1973 when Veliky Belgorod declared its independence from Hisaristan to 14 May 1981 when Fahran and Hisaristan signed the [[Treaty of Sulh]].

==Hisari-Romellean War==
===Background===
On 10 October 1973 [[Khasar Khaan|Emperor Khasar]] declared that he would integrate Hisaristan's various [[Vassal states of Hisaristan|vassal states]] during the [[Great Kurultai of 1973]]. Though the many vassal states of [[Mikhailoslav]] and [[Sarmatistan]] had largely acted independently of the Hisari Khaans for much of Hisaristan's history, successive rounds of legal, administrative, and military reform aimed at modernizing the Hisari government throughout the 19th and 20th centuries had drastically reduced their autonomy as the Hisari state became increasingly centralized. On 24 October, Khasar announced the implementation of the [[Khanmaydon Decree]] which formalized the full integration of Hisaristan's vassal states with a six-month transition period.

Responses to the Khanmaydon Decree were mixed. Liberal reformists and moderate nationalists who supported the devolution of state power to regions such as Mikhailoslav and Rumeliston that did not have a Dehghani majority argued that the Decree would further marginalize religious and cultural minorities and that it was anti-democratic as it was not put to a vote through the [[Greater Kurultai (Hisaristan)|Greater Kurultai]]. {{wp|Russians|Slaviansk}} separatist groups, many of whom were supported by and sympathetic to the [[Aeian Socialist Union]], were particularly opposed to the decree, as many of them saw it as a precursor to a Dehghani colonization of Mikhailoslav. [[Irsad|Irsadist]] groups were generally supportive of the Decree, though many prominent clerics criticized it for maintaining state-sponsored [[Alydianism|Alydian Orthodox]] institutions in Slaviansk vilayets. Dehghanis, Hazarakhanis, and Sükhbaataryn were overwhelmingly in favor of the Decree.

Vocal opposition among Slaviansk regions that were already under government control were generally muted. The reaction in many of the vassal states. however, was outrage as mass demonstrations erupted in cities such as Veliky Belgorod, Valdikhazar, Voskresensk, Novokuznetsk, and Voronezh.

<!--The Hisari-Romellenic War began in 1973 when the Grand Duchy of Veliky Belgorod declared independence from Hisaristan in response to [[Khasar Khagan|Emperor Khasar's]] [[1975 Decrees]] with the support of the Romellenic Federation, which stationed troops within the breakaway state's borders. Contrary to the expectations of Romellenic leadership, Hisaristan immediately declared war on Veliky Belgorod. Although the [[Romellenic Army]] managed to occupy [[Mstislavsk]] and [[Kanizhansk]] within the first month of the war, they were defeated by the [[Imperial Army]] at [[Sviatoslavsk]] and quickly driven out of [[Mikhailoslav]]. On March 21 1974, the Imperial Army launched the [[Navruz Offensive]] into Veliky Belgorod, defeating a Romellean-Belgorodski army at Vodvorets in March and regaining all of Hisaristan's lost territory by April. In 1975, the Imperial Army launched the Chinzorig Offensive into [[Samaryansk]] and [[Minyor]], taking Byala Cherkva in 1976 and Melnichar in 1977 before advancing towards [[Sredetz]]. [[Branishte]] and [[Elhova Gora]], meanwhile, witnessed heavy fighting from 1975 to 1978 as Romellenic and Hisari forces were locked into a deadly stalemate in the impassable forests and marshes of the region. The Hisari-Romellenic War ended on April 18 1978 with the signing of the [[Balchik Treaty]] after the outbreak of the Hisari-Fahrani War.

The Hisari-Fahrani War began in 1978 when President [[Sabir Afzal Rahmani]] launched a surprise invasion of [[Haydaristan]] and [[Lower Rumelistan]] in an attempt to annex the Gheiravic-minority areas in the region. Although the Fahrani leadership predicted that the Imperial Army would overextend itself by fighting a war on three fronts against Fahran and Romellea, Khasar quickly made peace with the [[Romellenic Provisional Government]] and withdrew Hisari forces from Romellea towards the Southwestern provinces. Within the first two months, the [[Fahrani Army]] quickly occupied vast swathes of Haydaristan despite stiff resistance from the Haydari and Shurawi mujahideen, committing anti-Hashtadi and Hazarakhani massacres in an ethic cleansing campaign. In June 1979 the Imperial Army pushed overextended Fahrani forces back to the border as mujahid raids on Fahrani military positions intensified. With the Imperial Army attempting to push into Fahran and the Fahrani Army attempting to regain its occupied territory, the mountains of as-Sourh witnessed some of the deadliest fighting of the Hisari Wars, with both sides engaging in guerilla tactics. In 1979 the [[Fahrani Navy]] bombed and blockaded several Hisari port cities, incurring Hisari bombing runs of many Fahrani cities. In 1980 the Imperial Army laid siege to [[Qazdamir]], incurring heavy losses before taking the city in 1981 after a year of intense guerrilla warfare. The fall of Qazdamir and the failure of a Fahrani assault on the port of Bandar Salamat led to the end of the war with the signing of the [[Treaty of Sulh]] on 14 May 1981.

In terms of tactics, the conflicts have been compared to the [[Great War (Aeia)|Great War]], with all three sides using large-scale trench warfare, manned machine gun posts, bayonet charges, extensive use of chemical weapons, deliberate attacks on civilian targets, and guerrilla warfare in swamp, forest, and mountain settings.

In Romellea, the war resulted in significant political, economic, and military reforms along with the impeachment of the 10th Presidium after intense anti-government protests following the Balchik Treaty. In Fahran, the army's defeat was among the determining factors in Rahmani's eventual overthrow and the heavy reparations demanded by the Hisari government led to a significant debt crisis. In Hisaristan, the war led to the full integration of the country's vassal states, significant political and military reforms, and an economic recession lasting from 1981 to 1985 during reconstruction, all followed by the Hisari Postwar Economic Miracle. The Hisari Wars also led to a large-scale refugee crisis in Western Catai and Southeastern Asura.

==Foreign Intervention==
===Hisaristan===
Despite the unstable nature of relations between [[Hisaristan]] and the [[Leidense Republic]] at the beginning of the war, research on the war has shown that the Leidense Republic supplied weapons to the Imperial Army and accounted for around 60% of total foreign aid granted to Hisaristan during the wars.

As an important historic ally to Hisaristan, the Leidense Republic supported Hisaristan for the duration of the wars, selling weapons and machinery valued up to $427 million to the Imperial Army while keeping the Hisari embassy in Leidenstad open despite closing the Leidense embassy in [[Hasanhisar]] after the outbreak of the wars. After Fahran's declaration of war on Hisaristan in 1978, the Leidense Republic directly intervened under the pretense of peacekeeping, a decision which President Marjorie Schwerin was widely criticized, with many Leidense critics calling it an example of Asuran imperialism. The Leidense media heavily focused its attention on Hisari, Fahrani, and Romellean war crimes throughout the war, eventually prompting Schwerin to decrease the size of the peacekeeping force upon arrival and eventually withdraw it before the end of the war at the request of the Hisari government.

Romellea vs. Hisaristan

1973: Emperor Khasar declares a series of decrees aimed at reforming the state, military, and economy. Among the decrees are the revocation of the sovereignty of the Empire's vassal states and their direct integration into Hisaristan. The Grand Duchy of Veliky Belgorod refuses to accept the decrees and declares independence from Hisaristan. Romellea recognizes Belgorod's independence and stations troops within Belgorod's borders. Khasar declares war on Belgorod and drags Romellea in. Upon the declaration of war, Romellea launches a swift campaign that conquers around half of the Russian-speaking regions that now constitute the Vilayet of Veliky Rus'.
 
1974: the Hisaris launch a counter-offensive the quickly drives the Romelleans out of Great Rus' and fight their way through the Grand Duchy of Belgorod. The Hisari army successfully repels a Romellenic army at Staroded.

1975: the Hisaris advance towards Byala Cherkva despite stiff resistance while pushing the Romelleans and the Belgorodski Royal Family out of Veliky Belgorod. Branishte and Elhova Gora witness heavy fighting as Romellenic and Hisari forces are locked into a deadly stalemate in the regional forests and marshes. Romellenic Air Force starts targeting Russian cities in Veliky Rus' and Hashtadi (Persian) cities in Lower Bulgaristan along Lake Dospatovo.
 
1976: Hisari forces capture Byala Cherkva and quickly advance towards Melnichar as the fighting among the northern border becomes even more intense, with hundreds upon hundreds of losses per day. The Haydari, Ramazani, and Haydari holy orders start organizing state-sponsored mujahid volunteer units to carry out offensive raids in Romellenic territory and defensive operations within Hisaristan. The Imperial Government introduces mandatory conscription.
 
1977: fighting along the northern border reaches its worst as the Hisari Air Force gets more heavily involved in the Northern Front. Hisari forces take Melnichar after heavy fighting and quickly advance towards Sredetz. Mujahid units approach Polenovo and Kozelovo while conducting terrorist attacks in Sredetz, incurring heavy Romellenic bombing campaigns of Russians and Hisari Bulgar cities.
 
1978: Fahran declares war on Hisaristan. The Hisari Imperial government signs a white peace with Romellea and retreats from the northern front and its advance towards Sredetz to concentrate its army on the Fahrani front. Increasing public unrest in Romellea lead to the impeachment of the 10th Presidium after 2 months.
 
Fahran vs. Hisaristan
 
1977: anti-Hisari massacres targeting Russians, Persians, and Mongols are carried out in Fahrani cities as the fighting in Romellea intensifies.
 
1978: Rahmani, despite the objections of senior military officials, declares war on Hisaristan and launches a surprise attack of Haydaristan and Lower Bulgaristan, launching a surprise attack that involves the bombing of several major Hisari ports, effectively crippling the Imperial Fleet. Although he expected the Hisari Imperial Army to overextend itself by fighting a war on three fronts against Fahran and Romellea, Emperor Khasar quickly signs the Balchik peace treaty with the Romellenic Provisional Government and directs the Imperial Army towards the Southwestern provinces. As the Imperial Army approaches, the Fahranis occupy vast swathes of Haydaristan despite stiff resistance from the locals, committing anti-Hashtadi (Persian) and anti-Hazarakhani (Mongol) massacres in an intense campaign of ethnic cleansing. The Haydari, Ramazani, and Shurawi mujahideen start to carry out terrorist attacks in Fahrani cities in retaliation. The Imperial Army eventually reaches the southern provinces and launches a swift counter-offensive against the overextended Fahrani forces, gradually pushing them back to the border.
 
1979: the Imperial Army successfully pushes the Fahranis back to the border but fails to make serious gains within Fahran as the two armies are now engaged in a deadly stalemate within the mountains. The Hisari airforce starts bombing runs of Fahrani cities near the border as Mujahideen raids and terrorist attacks intensity. The Fahrani Navy starts to bomb and blockade Hisari cities along the southern coast in return.
 
1980: the Imperial Army, incurring heavy losses, advances into Qazdamir and fights a deadly war of attrition against the Fahrani Army. As the Battle of Qazdamir rages on, total casualties start numbering in the millions. Terrorist attacks carried out by Fahrani insurgents in Hisaristan and Mujahid insurgents in Fahran intensify as well.
 
1981: the Imperial Army finally captures Qazdamir after nearly a year of urban guerilla warfare. As it advances West, it continues to encounter stiff resistance. A Fahrani naval assault of the Port of Veleazabad fails. With civilian and military casualties now skyrocketing, Emperor Khasar and Rahmani sign a peace treaty where Fahran is forced to pay heavy reparations in exchange for an end to the Hisari occupation of conquered territories. The following years see a massive refugee crisis.-->