View source for Supreme Court of Arabi

{{Infobox high court
|court_name       = Supreme Court of Arabi
|native_name      = <!-- native name of the court, if different -->
|image            = {{Switcher|[[File:Supreme Court of Arabi Seal 2023.png|225px]]|Official Seal (2023−present)|[[File:Arabin Supreme Court Official Seal.png|175px]]|Official Seal (1839−2023)}}
|imagesize        = 
|caption          = 
|motto            =
|established      = {{start date and age|1839|01|10}}
|dissolved        = <!-- year -->
|country          = [[Arabi]]
|location         = [[District of Arabi]]
|type             = [[President of Arabi|Presidential]] nomination with [[Arabin Senate|Senate]] confirmation
|authority        = [[Constitution of the United Socialist States of Arabi|U.S.S. Constitution]]
|appeals          = <!-- appeals from this court go where -->
|terms            = Mandatory retirement at age 75<ref>Justices nominated by [[Patrick Owens (Arabi)|Patrick Owens]] were exempt from the mandatory retirement age by USS§5A101</ref>
|positions        = 11, set by statute<ref>The nineteenth amendment to the [[Constitution of Arabi|Consitution]] allows [[Arabin Congress|Congress]] to set the number of seats on the Supreme Court by passing a statute (also known as an Act).</ref>
|chiefjudgetitle  = [[Chief Justice of Arabi]]
|chiefjudgename   = [[Audra Sanchez (Arabi)|Audra Sanchez]]
|termstart        = {{start date and age|2020|06|19}}
}}
{{sidebar
|name = SCOTUS series
|pretitle = This article is part of the series on the
|title = Supreme Court of<br />Arabi
| image    = 
|headingclass = navbox-title
|contentclass = plainlist
|contentstyle = text-align:left

|heading1 = Current membership
|content1 =
;[[Chief Justice of Arabi|Chief Justice]]
:{{Party stripe|Democratic Party (Arabi)}}Audra Sanchez ([[Democratic Party (Arabi)|D]])
;[[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Arabi|Associate Justices]]
:{{Party stripe|Republican Party (Arabi)}}Joe Hammond ([[Republican Party (Arabi)|R]])
:{{Party stripe|Democratic Party (Arabi)}}Jamie Houghton ([[Democratic Party (Arabi)|D]])
:{{Party stripe|Democratic Party (Arabi)}}Luke Wyatt ([[Democratic Party (Arabi)|D]])
:{{Party stripe|Democratic Party (Arabi)}}Mary Dodson ([[Democratic Party (Arabi)|D]])
:{{Party stripe|Democratic Party (Arabi)}}Peter Cooke ([[Democratic Party (Arabi)|D]])
:{{Party stripe|Democratic Party (Arabi)}}Olivia Knowles ([[Democratic Party (Arabi)|D]])
:{{Party stripe|Democratic Party (Arabi)}}Katherine Berg ([[Democratic Party (Arabi)|D]])
:{{Party stripe|Independent}}Ruby Powers ({{wp|Independent politician|I}})
:{{Party stripe|Republican Party (Arabi)}}Jameson Reynolds ([[Republican Party (Arabi)|R]])
:{{Party stripe|Republican Party (Arabi)}}Brian Ledbetter ([[Republican Party (Arabi)|R]])
<!--;[[Chief Justice of the United States|Retired Chief Justices]]
;[[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Arabi|Retired Associate Justices]]
--->
}}



The '''Supreme Court of Arabi''' ('''SCOA''') is the [[wikipedia:Supreme Court|highest court]] in the federal judiciary of the [[Arabi|United Socialist States]]. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all federal and state court cases that involve a point of federal law, and original jurisdiction over a narrow range of cases, including suits between two or more [[Arabin states|states]] and those involving ambassadors. The Court holds the power of [[wikipedia:Judicial review|judicial review]], the ability to invalidate a statue for violating a provision of the [[Constitution of the United Socialist States of Arabi|U.S.S. Constitution]]. It is also able to strike down presidential directives for violating either the Constitution or statutory law. It may act only within the context of a case in an area of law over which it has jurisdiction. The court may decide cases having political overtones, but it has ruled that it does not have power to decide non-justiciable political questions.

Established by Article III of the Constitution, the composition and procedures of the Supreme Court were established by the [[1st Arabin Congress]]. The Court consists of the [[Chief Justice of Arabi|chief justice of Arabi]] and ten associate justices. Each justice has a mandatory retirement age of 75, meaning they remain on the Court until they resign, retire, die, or are removed from office. When a vacancy occurs, the [[President of Arabi|president]], with advice and consent of the [[Arabin Senate|Senate]], appoints a new justice. Each justice has a single vote in deciding cases argued before it. When in majority, the chief justice decides who writes the opinion of the court; otherwise, the most senior justice in the majority assigns the task of writing the opinion.

The Court meets in the Supreme Court Building in [[District of Arabi|the District]].

== Membership ==
{{see also|List of Justices of the Supreme Court of Arabi}}
=== Current Justices ===
The Supreme Court consists of a chief justice, currently [[Audra Sanchez (Arabi)|Audra Sanchez]], and ten associate justices. Among the current members of the Court, Joe Hammond is the longest-serving justice, with a tenure of {{age in days nts|1999|9|27}} days ({{ayd|1999|9|27}}) as of {{FULLDATE}}; the most recent justice to join the court is Brian Ledbetter, whose tenure began on November 27, 2023.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | Justice /<br /> birthdate and place
! rowspan=2 | Appointed by
! rowspan=2 | <abbr title="Senate confirmation vote">SCV</abbr>
! colspan=2 | Age at
! rowspan=2 | Start date /<br />length of service
! rowspan=2 | Succeeded
|-
! Start !! Present
|-
! colspan=8 | Chief Justice
|-
| 1
| Audra Sanchez<br>August 28, 1972 <br>Springfield, [[Windsor (Arabi)|Windsor]]
| style="background:#B5C5EE" | [[Lona Freeman (Arabi)|L. Freeman]]
| 31-1
| 47
| {{age nts|1972|8|28}}
| June 19, 2020<br>{{ayd|2020|6|19}}
| [[Robert Kirby (Arabi)|Kirby]]
|-
! colspan=8 | Associate Justices
|-
| 2
| Joe Hammond<br> February 3, 1951<br> Cartier, [[Saint George (Arabi)|Saint George]]
| style="background:#FDE8B0" | [[Jonathan Clark (Arabi)|Clark]]
| 26-6
| 48
| {{age nts|1951|2|3}}
| September 27, 1999<br>{{ayd|1999|9|27}}
| Davidson
|-
| 3
| Jamie Houghton<br> August 18, 1954<br> Queensboro, [[Windsor (Arabi)|Windsor]]
| style="background:#B5C5EE" | [[Samuel Ingram (Arabi)|Ingram]]
| 24-8
| 53
| {{age nts|1954|8|18}}
| March 30, 2008<br>{{ayd|2008|3|30}}
| Ellis
|-
| 4
| Luke Wyatt <br> January 7, 1962 <br> Aurora, [[New London (Arabi)|New London]]
| style="background:#B5C5EE" | [[Walter Freeman (Arabi)|W. Freeman]]
| 26-6
| 50
| {{age nts|1962|1|7}}
| July 15, 2012<br>{{ayd|2012|7|15}}
| Dunne
|-
| 5
| Mary Dodson <br> August 26, 1965<br> Mayfair, [[Burberry (Arabi)|Burberry]]
| style="background:#B5C5EE" | [[Walter Freeman (Arabi)|W. Freeman]]
| 32-0
| 47
| {{age nts|1965|8|26}}
| December 2, 2012<br>{{ayd|2012|12|2}}
| Birch
|-
| 6
| Peter Cooke <br> October 21, 1968<br> North Rockford, [[Windsor (Arabi)|Windsor]]
| style="background:#B5C5EE" | [[Walter Freeman (Arabi)|W. Freeman]]
| 25-7
| 47
| {{age nts|1968|10|21}}
| August 18, 2016<br>{{ayd|2016|8|18}}
| Hilton
|-
| 7
| Olivia Knowles <br> August 25, 1965<br> Montana, [[Windsor (Arabi)|Windsor]]
| style="background:#B5C5EE" | [[Lona Freeman (Arabi)|L. Freeman]]
| 20-12
| 54
| {{age nts|1965|8|25}}
| January 17, 2020<br>{{ayd|2020|1|17}}
| Collins
|-
| 8
| Katherine Berg <br> January 21, 1960 <br> Springfield, [[Lochcoast (Arabi)|Lochcoast]]
| style="background:#B5C5EE" | [[Lona Freeman (Arabi)|L. Freeman]]
| 26-6
| 60
| {{age nts|1960|1|21}}
| January 30, 2020 <br> {{ayd|2020|1|30}}
| Muriel
|-
| 9
| Ruby Powers<ref>President [[Lona Freeman (Arabi)|Lona Freeman]] promised to appoint an Independent or [[Republican Party (Arabi)|Republican]] due to the {{wp|supermajority}} that already exists on the court.</ref> <br> May 28, 1968 <br> Symone, [[Windsor (Arabi)|Windsor]]
| style="background:#B5C5EE" | [[Lona Freeman (Arabi)|L. Freeman]]
| 25-7
| 52
| {{age nts|1968|5|28}}
| December 15, 2020 <br> {{ayd|2020|12|15}}
| Marshall
|-
| 10
| Brian Ledbetter <br> August 17, 1965 <br> Derby, [[Welwald (Arabi)|Welwald]]
| style="background:#FDE8B0" | [[Lucien Orton (Arabi)|Orton]]
| 17-15
| 58
| {{age nts|1965|8|17}}
| November 27, 2023 <br> {{ayd|2023|11|27}}
| Seat established
|-
| 11
| colspan=6 | ''Vacant''
| Reynolds
|}

==== Length of tenure ====
This graph depicts the length of seach Supreme Court justice's tenure (not seniority) on the Court:
{{#tag:timeline| 
ImageSize = width:700 height:auto barincrement:20
PlotArea  = top:10 bottom:50 right:160 left:14
AlignBars = late
DateFormat = x.y
Period     = from:1999.00 till:{{#expr:{{#time:Y}}+{{#time:m}}/12}}
TimeAxis   = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor  = unit:year increment:2 start:1999
ScaleMinor  = unit:year increment:1 start:1999
Define $now = {{#expr:{{#time:Y}}+{{#time:m}}/12}}

Colors =
  id:bg        value:white
  id:grayline  value:rgb(0.894,0.882,0.871)
  id:ChiefJ    value:rgb(0.996,0.600,0.200)  legend: Chief_Justice
  id:AssocJ    value:rgb(0.004,0.400,0.800)  legend: Associate_Justice

Legend = columns:2 left:150 top:25 columnwidth:100

BarData =
  barset:Justices

PlotData=
 width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till fontsize:10
 barset:Justices
 from:1999.73 till:$now color:AssocJ text:Joe Hammond
 from:2008.24 till:$now color:AssocJ text:Jamie Houghton
 from:2012.54 till:$now color:AssocJ text:Luke Wyatt
 from:2012.92 till:$now color:AssocJ text:Mary Dodson
 from:2016.63 till:$now color:AssocJ text:Peter Cooke
 from:2020.04 till:$now color:AssocJ text:Olivia Knowles
 from:2020.08 till:$now color:AssocJ text:Katherine Berg
 from:2020.46 till:$now color:ChiefJ text:Audra Sanchez
 from:2020.96 till:$now color:AssocJ text:Ruby Powers
 from:2023.91 till:$now color:AssocJ text:Brian Ledbetter

LineData=

 layer:back


 at:1999.73 width:0.1 color:grayline
 at:2008.24 width:0.1 color:grayline
 at:2012.54 width:0.1 color:grayline
 at:2012.92 width:0.1 color:grayline
 at:2016.63 width:0.1 color:grayline
 at:2020.04 width:0.1 color:grayline
 at:2020.08 width:0.1 color:grayline
 at:2020.46 width:0.1 color:grayline
 at:2020.96 width:0.1 color:grayline
 at:2023.91 width:0.1 color:grayline
}}

== Notes ==