View source for User:MichCOdel/Sandbox 4

{{Infobox language
|name      = Auroran
|nativename = ''Fearlainth nCeáil''
|pronunciation = <small>IPA:</small> {{wp|Help:IPA|[ˈfʲarlanʲː‿ɡʲaːlʲ]}}
|states   = [[Aurora Islands]]
|speakers = 128 453 L1
|speakers2 = 23 900 L2
|familycolor = Uralic
|fam1   =  {{wp|Uralic|Kireno-Kantemoshan}}
|fam2   = {{wp|Finnic languages|East Kireno-Kantemoshan}}
|fam3   = {{wp|Northern Finnic languages|Kantemoshic}}
|fam4   = 
|fam5   = 
|ancestor      = 
|ancestor2     = 
|ancestor3     = 
|ancestor4     = 
|ancestor5     = 
|stand1 = 
|stand2 = 
|stand3 = 
|script = {{wp|Latin alphabet|Solarian alphabet}} ({{wp|Irish alphabet|Ghaillish alphabet}})
|nation = {{flagicon|Aurora Islands}} [[Aurora Islands]]
|agency = [[Niedkirch Language Council]]
|iso1   = au
|iso2   = aul
|iso3   = aul
}}

'''Auroran''' (Auroran: ''Fearlainth nCeáil'' {{wp|Help:IPA|[ˈfʲarlanʲː‿ɡʲaːlʲ]}}; often simply called ''Ceáil'' {{wp|Help:IPA|[ˈkʲaːlʲ]}}) is a {{wp|Uralic|Kireno-Kantemoshan}} language spoken in the [[Aurora Islands]] where it is the second official language alongside {{wp|German language|Weranian}}. 

Auroran was first brought to the Aurora Islands by {{wp|Uralic|Kireno-Kantemoshan}} settlers in the 700s CE where it began a gradual shift away from its continental counterparts. During the [[Marauder Age]], the Aurora Islands were effectively conquered by Ghaillish marauders who also settled on the islands. 

== History ==

==Alphabet==
==Phonology==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" | Front
! rowspan="2" | Back
|-
!Unrounded
!Rounded
|-
! Close
| i iː
| y yː
|u uː
|-
! Mid
| e eː
| ø øː
|o oː
|-
! Open
| a aː<ref group=note>/æ/ and /ɑ/ have merged into /a/ in the standard language but are still differentiated in some dialects.</ref> (æ æː)
|
| (ɑ ɑː) 
|}
{{reflist|group=note}}

:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! colspan="2" |
! {{wp|Labial consonant|Labial}}
! {{wp|dental consonant|Dental}}
! {{wp|alveolar consonant|Alveolar}}
! {{wp|velar consonant|Velar}}
! {{wp|glottal consonant|Glottal}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|nasal stop|Nasal}}
! {{small|Plain}}
| {{IPA|m}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|n}}
| {{IPA|ŋ}}
|
|-
! {{small|Palatlized}}
| {{IPA|mʲ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|Nʲ&nbsp;&nbsp;nʲ}}
| {{IPA|ŋʲ}}
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|plosive consonant|Plosive}}
! {{small|broad}}
| {{IPA|p&nbsp;&nbsp;b}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|t&nbsp;&nbsp;d}}
| {{IPA|k&nbsp;&nbsp;ɡ}}
|
|-
! {{small|slender}}
| {{IPA|pʲ&nbsp;&nbsp;bʲ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|tʲ&nbsp;&nbsp;dʲ}}
| {{IPA|kʲ&nbsp;&nbsp;ɡʲ}}
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[fricative consonant|Fricative]]
! {{small|broad}}
| {{IPA|f&nbsp;&nbsp;v}}
| {{IPA|θ&nbsp;&nbsp;ð}}
| {{IPA|s}}
| {{IPA|x&nbsp;&nbsp;ɣ}}
| {{IPA|h}}
|-
! {{small|slender}}
| {{IPA|fʲ&nbsp;&nbsp;vʲ}}
| {{IPA|θʲ&nbsp;&nbsp;ðʲ}}
| {{IPA|sʲ}}
| {{IPA|xʲ&nbsp;&nbsp;ɣʲ}}
| {{IPA|hʲ}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[Nasalization|Nasalized]] <br/>fricative
! {{small|broad}}
| {{IPA|ṽ}}
|
|
|
|
|-
! {{small|slender}}
| {{IPA|ṽʲ}}
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[Approximant]]
! {{small|broad}}
|
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|R&nbsp;&nbsp;r}}
|
|
|-
! {{small|slender}}
|
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|Rʲ&nbsp;&nbsp;rʲ}}
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[lateral consonant|Lateral]]
! {{small|broad}}
|
| colspan="2"| {{IPA|L&nbsp;&nbsp;l}}
|
|
|-
! {{small|slender}}
|
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|Lʲ&nbsp;&nbsp;lʲ}}
|
|
|}
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|+Secret Hush
! rowspan="3" |Neashdea
Nähđä
Nähdä
! rowspan="3" |
! colspan="6" |Singular
! colspan="6" |Plural
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Passive
|-
! colspan="2" |1st
! colspan="2" |2nd
! colspan="2" |3rd
! colspan="2" |1st
! colspan="2" |2nd
! colspan="2" |3rd
|-
!Positive
!Negative
!Positive
!Negative
!Positive
!Negative
!Positive
!Negative
!Positive
!Negative
!Positive
!Negative
!Positive
!Negative
|-
! rowspan="4" |Indicative
!Present
|Neachen
'''Nä(j)en'''
Näen
|E (n)neache
'''En''' '''näje'''
En näe
|Neacheat
'''Näjet'''
Näet
|Et neache
'''Et Näje'''
Et näe
|Neaccaé
'''Näkkee'''
Näkee
|Ei neache
'''Ei näje'''
Ei näe
|Neachemea
'''Näjemä'''
Näemme
|Emea neache
'''Emmä näje'''
Emme näe
|Neachettea
'''Näjettä'''
Näette
|Etea neache
'''Että näje'''
Ette näe
|Neacebeat
'''Näkevät/Nähđhään'''
Näkevät
|Ei neache
'''Ei näje'''
Eivät näe
|Neashdheán
'''Nähđhään'''
Nähdään
|Ei neashdea
'''Ei nähđä'''
Ei nähdä
|-
!Past
|Neain 
'''Näjin'''
Näin
|E neachniut
'''En nähnyt'''
En nähnyt
|'''Näjit'''Näit
|'''Et''' '''nähnyt'''
Et nähnyt
|'''Näki'''Näki
|'''Ei''' '''nähnyt'''
Ei nähnyt
|'''Näjimä'''Näimme
|'''Emmä nähnheet'''Emme nähneet
|'''Näjittä''' 
Näitte
|'''Että nähnheet'''Ette nähneet
|'''Nähthiin'''Näkivät
|'''Ei''' '''nähnheet'''
Eivät nähneet
|'''Nähthiin'''Nähtiin
|'''Ei nähty'''Ei nähty
|-
!Perfect
|'''Olen nähny(t)'''Olen nähnyt
|'''En ole''' '''nähnyt'''
En ole nähnyt
|'''Olet''' '''nähny(t)'''
Olet nähnyt
|'''Et ole''' '''nähnyt'''
Et ole nähnyt
|'''Oon''' '''nähny(t)'''
On nähnyt
|'''Ei ole''' '''nähnyt'''
Ei ole nähnyt
|'''Olema''' '''nähnheet'''
Olemme nähneet
|'''Emmä ole''' '''nähnheet'''
Emme ole nähneet
|'''Oletta''' '''nähnheet'''
Olette nähneet
|'''Että ole''' '''nähnheet'''
Ette ole nähneet
|'''Oon''' '''nähnheet'''
Ovat nähneet
|'''Ei ole''' '''nähnheet'''
Eivät ole nähneet
|'''Oon''' '''nähty'''
On nähty
|'''Ei ole nähty'''Ei ole nähty
|-
!Pluperfect
|'''Olin''' '''nähnyt'''
Olin nähnyt
|'''En ollut''' '''nähnyt'''
En ollut nähnyt
|'''Olit''' '''nähnyt'''
Olit nähnyt
|'''Et ollut''' '''nähnyt'''
En ollut nähnyt
|'''Oli''' '''nähnyt'''
Oli nähnyt
|'''Ei ollut''' '''nähnyt'''
Ei ollut nähnyt
|'''Olima''' '''nähnheet'''
Olimme nähneet
|'''Emmä olheet''' '''nähnheet'''
Emme olleet nähneet
|'''Olitta''' '''nähnheet'''
Olitte nähneet
|'''Että''' '''olheet''' '''nähnheet'''
Ette olleet nähneet
|'''Olthiin/oli''' '''nähnheet'''
Olivat nähneet
|'''Ei olheet''' '''nähnheet'''
Eivät olleet nähneet
|'''Oli nähty'''Oli nähty
|'''Ei ollut nähty'''Ei ollut nähty
|-
! rowspan="2" |Conditional
!Present
|'''Näkisin'''Näkisin
|'''En näkis'''En näkisi
|'''Näkisit'''Näkisit
|'''Et näkis'''Et näkisi
|'''Näkis'''Näkisi
|'''Ei näkis'''Ei näkisi
|'''Näkisimmä'''Näkisimme
|'''Emmä näkis'''Emme näkisi
|'''Näkisittä'''Näkisitte
|'''Että näkis'''Ette näkisi
|'''Näkisi'''Näkisivät
|'''Ei näkis/nähtäis'''Eivät näkisi
|'''Nähtäis'''Nähtäisiin
|'''Ei nähtäis'''Ei nähtäisi
|-
!Perfect
|Olisin nähnyt
|En olisi nähnyt
|Olisit nähnyt
|Et olisi nähnyt
|Olisi nähnyt
|Ei olisi nähnyt
|Olisimme nähneet
|Emme olisi nähneet
|Olisitte nähneet
|Ette olisi nähneet
|Olisivat nähneet
|Eivät olisi nähneet
|Olisi nähty
|Ei olisi nähty
|-
! rowspan="2" |Imperative
!Present
| -
| -
|Näe
|'''Älä näje'''Älä näe
|'''Nähkhöön'''Nähköön
|Älköön nähkö
|Nähkäämme
|Älkäämme nähkö
|'''Nähkää'''Nähkää
|Älkää nähkö
|Nähkööt
|Älkööt nähkö
|'''Nähtäkhöön'''Nähtäköön
|Älköön nähtäkö
|-
!Perfect
| -
| -
| -
| -
|Olkoon nähnyt
|Älköön olko nähnyt
| -
| -
| -
| -
|Olkoon nähneet
|Älkööt olko nähneet
|Olkoon nähty
|Älköön olko nähty
|-
! rowspan="2" |Potential
!Present
|Nähnen
|En nähne
|Nähnet
|Et nähne
|Nähnee
|Ei nähne
|Nähnemme
|Emme nähne
|Nähnette
|Ette nähne
|Nähnevät
|Eivät nähne
|Nähtäneen
|Ei nähtäne
|-
!Perfect
|Lienen nähnyt
|En liene nähnyt
|Lienet nähnyt
|Et liene nähnyt
|Lienee nähnyt
|Ei liene nähnyt
|Lienemme nähneet
|Emme liene nähneet
|Lienette nähneet
|Ette liene nähneet
|Lienevät nähneet
|Eivät liene nähneet
|Lienee nähty
|Ei liene nähty
|-
! rowspan="2" |Participle forms
!Present
| colspan="12" |'''Näkkeevä/Näkevä'''
| colspan="2" |'''Nähtävä'''
|-
!Perfect
| colspan="12" |'''Nähny(t)'''
| colspan="2" |'''Nähty'''
|-
! rowspan="3" |Nominal forms
!Infinitive
| colspan="14" |'''Nähđä'''
|-
!Inf. Elative
| colspan="14" |'''Näkemästä'''
|-
!Inf. Illative
| colspan="14" |'''Näkemhään'''
|-
! colspan="16" |
|}

==Grammar==

== Sample ==





=Mito Stuff=
{{Short description|Language family}}
{{Infobox language family
|name= South Thalassan Languages
|region= [[Thalassa|Southern Thalassa]]
|familycolor= Austronesian
|fam1= {{wp|Austronesian}}
|fam2= {{wp|Malayo-Polynesian languages|Kerto-Multimarei}}
|fam3= {{wp|Oceanic languages|Marenesian}}
|fam4= {{wp|Central Pacific languages|Central Marenesian}}
|fam5= {{wp|Polynesian languages|Multimarei}}
|protoname= [[Proto-South Thalassan]]
|child1= [[Havonic]]
|child2= [[Kākō-Hame]]
|glotto= 
|glottorefname= 
|map= STLMAP.png
|mapcaption= '''The South Thalassan languages'''<br />Ocher is Havonic; pink is Kākō-Hame
}}

The '''Southern Thalassan Languages''' are a group of {{wp|polynesian languages|Multimarei languages}} spoken by the {{wp|polynesian people|Multimarei people}} in [[Thalassa|Southern Thalassa]] in the Thalassan territories of [[Mito|Benau]] and the [[Mito|South Thalassan Circuits]] of the [[Mito|Five Provinces]]. Most Southern Thalassan languages are extinct or moribund with the four most prominent ones being: Hame, Havo, Koele and Kākō. They all currently use a modified {{wp|japanese language|Mitonese}} katakana syllabry as a writing system though the {{wp|Greek alphabet|Laimiaic}} and {{wp|Latin alphabet|Aroman alphabets}} have also been used to write the languages. 
==History==
==Sound Correspondence==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" |Proto-Multimarei
! width=30|{{IPA|*p}} !! width=30|{{IPA|*t}} !! width=30|{{IPA|*k}} !! width=30|{{IPA|*ʔ}}
! width=30|{{IPA|*m}} !! width=30|{{IPA|*n}} !! width=30|{{IPA|*ŋ}}
! width=30|{{IPA|*w}}
! width=30|{{IPA|*f}} !! width=30|{{IPA|*s}} !! width=30|{{IPA|*h}}
! width=30|{{IPA|*l}} !! width=30|{{IPA|*r}}
|-
| colspan=3| Proto-South-Thalassan
| {{IPA|*p}} || {{IPA|*ʔ}} || {{IPA|*k}} || {{IPA|*Ø}}
| {{IPA|*m}} || {{IPA|*n}} || {{IPA|*k}}
| {{IPA|*w}} || {{IPA|*v}} || {{IPA|*h}} || {{IPA|*Ø}} || colspan=2| {{IPA|*l}}
|-
| rowspan=13 width=8|
| colspan=2| [[Kākō]]
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|p}}
| rowspan=1| {{IPA|ʔ/Ø}}

| rowspan=2| {{IPA|k}}
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|Ø}}

| rowspan=2| {{IPA|m}}
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|n}}
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|k}}
|rowspan=2 | {{IPA|w}}
|rowspan=1 | {{IPA|h}}
| rowspan=1| {{IPA|k}}
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|Ø}}
| rowspan=2 colspan=2| {{IPA|l}}
|-
| colspan=2| [[Hame]]
| rowspan=1| {{IPA|l}}

| rowspan=1| {{IPA|v/f}}
| rowspan=1| {{IPA|h}}

|-
| colspan=2| Proto-Havonic
| {{IPA|*p}} || {{IPA|*ʔ}} || {{IPA|*k}} || {{IPA|*Ø}}
| {{IPA|*m}} || {{IPA|*n}} || {{IPA|*k}}
| {{IPA|*w}} || {{IPA|*v}} || {{IPA|*ʔ}} || {{IPA|*Ø}} || colspan=2|{{IPA|*l}}
|-
|-
| rowspan=8 width=8|
| [[Havo]]
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|p}}
| rowspan=1| {{IPA|ʔ/n}}
| rowspan=1| {{IPA|k}}
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|Ø}}
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|m}}
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|n}}
| rowspan=1| {{IPA|k}}
| rowspan=2|{{IPA|w}}
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|v}}
| rowspan=1| {{IPA|ʔ}}
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|Ø}}
| rowspan=2 colspan=2 | {{IPA|l}}
|-
| colspan=2| [[Koele]]
| rowspan=1| {{IPA|w/k}}
| rowspan=1| {{IPA|h}}
| rowspan=1|{{IPA|h}}
| rowspan=1| {{IPA|w/k}}
|-
|}

==Subgrouping==
The South Thalassan languages are grouped into two groups: Kākō-Hame and Havonic. 

† = extinct; (†)= moribund
* Kākō-Hame
** Kākō
** Hame
***North Hame †
***Gamejima Leo

*Havonic
** West Havonic (†)
*** Lōtesquan †
*** Umanese †
*** lårelei (†)
** East Havonic
*** Havo
*** Kuepoe'e †
*** Koele
**** Lapēlaone (†)
==Orthography==

{| align=right style="margin-left:1em;"
|-
|
{| class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:top; padding:2px; text-align:center;"
|+ Katakana used in Venuan writing
|-
!
! ''a'' !! ''i'' !! ''u'' !! ''e'' !! ''o''
|-
! title="No onset" | ∅
| <big>ア</big> || <big>イ</big> ||<big>ウ</big>||<big>エ</big>||<big>オ</big>
|-
! ''k''
|<big>カ</big>||<big>キ</big>||<big>ク</big>||<big>ケ</big>||<big>コ</big>
|-
! ''t''
|<big>タ</big>||<big>ティ</big>||<big>トゥ</big>||<big>テ</big>||<big>ト</big>
|-
! ''n''
|<big>ナ</big>||<big>ニ</big>||<big>ヌ</big>||<big>ネ</big>||<big>ノ</big>
|-
! ''h''
|<big>ハ</big>||<big>ヒ</big>||<big>ホゥ</big>||<big>ヘ</big>||<big>ホ</big>
|-
! ''f*''
| {{N/A| }} || <big>フィ</big> ||<big>フ</big>|| {{N/A| }} || {{N/A| }}

|-
! ''p''
|<big>パ</big>||<big>ピ</big>||<big>プ</big>||<big>ペ</big>||<big>ポ</big>
|-
! ''m''
|<big>マ</big>||<big>ミ</big>||<big>ム</big>||<big>メ</big>||<big>モ</big>
|-
! ''l**''
|<big>ラ</big>||<big>リ</big>||<big>ル</big>||<big>レ</big>||<big>ロ</big>
|-
! ''w''
|<big>ワ</big>||<big>ウィ</big>||ウゥ||<big>ウェ</big>||<big>ヲ</big>
|-
! ''v''
|<big>ヴァ</big>||<big>ヴィ</big>||ヴ||<big>ヴェ</big>||<big>ヴォ</big>
|-
! ''ʔ''
|<big>ッア</big>||<big>ッイ</big>||ッウ||<big>ッエ</big>||<big>ッオ</big>

|-
! colspan="6" | Functional marks <br>and diacritics
|-
|colspan="2" |　<big>ヽ</big>||  |<big>゛</big>||  |<big>゜</big>|| colspan="2" |<big>ー</big>
|}
|-
| '''*''' [f] only appears in [[Kākō]]<br/>
| '''**''' [ɾ] in {{wp|Japanese language|Mitonese}}
|}
==Grammar==



{| class="wikitable"
|+ colspan="10" |South Thalassan vocabulary
|-
!Proto-Multimarei
!Kākō
!Hame
!Havo
!Koele
!Translation
|-
|{{IPA|*motu}}
|mo'u
|molu
|monu
|mowu
|island
|-
|{{IPA|*taŋata}}
|aka'a
|lakala
|'akana
|wahake
|person
|-
|{{IPA|*fenua}}
|henua
|finau
|venao
|venau
|land/world
|-
|{{IPA|*qariki}}
|aliki
|aliki
|aliki
|aelihi
|chief
|-
|{{IPA|*tapu}}
|apu
|lapu
|'apu
|kēpu
|taboo
|-
|{{IPA|*faa}}
|hā
|vā
|vua
|voa
|to split
|-
|{{IPA|*leo}}
|leo
|leo
|leo
|lō
|language
|-
|{{IPA|*tiale}}
|iale
|liale
|'aele
|kele
|flower
|-
|{{IPA|*ma(a)qoli}}
|maoli
|maoli
|maole
|maole
|true, genuine
|-
|{{IPA|*sawaiki}}
|kawaiki
|hawaiki
|'awaeki
|kawaeke
|homeland
|-
|{{IPA|*katoa}}
|ka'ā
|kaloa
|ka'oe
|hakoe
|all
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! 
! {{wp|Labial consonant|Labial}}
! {{wp|Alveolar consonant|Alveolar}}
! {{wp|Velar consonant|Velar}}
! {{wp|Glottal consonant|Glottal}}
|-
!{{wp|Voiceless consonant|Voiceless}} {{wp|Stop consonant|stop}}
| {{wp|IPA|p}}
| {{wp|IPA|t}}
| {{wp|IPA|k}}
| {{wp|IPA|ʔ}}
|-
!{{wp|Nasal stop|Nasal}}
| {{wp|IPA|m}}
| {{wp|IPA|n}}
|
|
|-
!{{wp|Fricative consonant|Fricative}}
| {{wp|IPA|v}} {{wp|IPA|f}}
|
|{{wp|IPA|h}}
|-
!{{wp|Lateral consonant|Lateral}}
|
| {{wp|IPA|l}}
|
|
|-
!{{wp|Semivowel|Glide}}
| {{wp|IPA|w}}
|
|
|
|}
=Haonic 2.0=

{{Infobox language
| name             = Haonic
| nativename       = [[Image:Hao we itale.png|140px]] <br> Hao we itâle ({{wp|Romanization|Ecclesiastical}}) <br> Hao wə itälə ({{wp|Romanization|Schnitter-Reuler}})
| states           = [[Mito]]
| pronunciation    = <small>IPA:</small> {{wp|Help:IPA|[hao wə ˈitælə]}}
| region           = [[Thalassa|Southern Thalassa]]
| ethnicity        = [[Haoan]]
| speakers         = 351,500
| date             = 2018
| speakers2        = 140,000 {{wp|passive speaker (language)|passive speakers}}
| familycolor      = Isolate
| family           = {{wp|Language isolate}}
| ancestor         = {{wp|Proto-language|Proto-Haonic}}
| ancestor2        = {{wp|Proto-language|Kalakala}}
| ancestor3        = {{wp|Proto-language|Nitséwale}}
| dia1             = {{wp|Dialect|Upper Tiskwai}}
| dia2             = {{wp|Dialect|Lower Tiskwai}}
| dia3             = {{wp|Dialect|Ânâisiitsé Dialect}}
| dia4             = {{wp|Dialect|Kaako-Hame Dialect}}
| dia5             = {{wp|Dialect|Linea Dialect}}
| script           = {{plainlist|
*[[Hao alphabet]]
*{{wp|Latin alphabet|Aroman alphabet}}
*({{wp|Romanization|Ecclesiastical romanisation}})
*({{wp|Romanization|Schnitter-Reuler romanisation}})
}}
| nation           = Mito
*Wenau
*Maloka
*Chūnankaidō
*Kawaeke
| minority         = Five Provinces (Mito)
*Gamejima
*Kauhime
| agency           = {{wp|prescriptivism|South Thalassa Language Authority}}
| iso1             = ha
| iso2b            = hao
| iso2t            = wen
| iso3             = hao
| lingua           = 12-HAA-a
| map              = STLMAP.png
| mapcaption       = Map of Haonic dialects
|map2              = Lang Status 99-NE.svg
| notice           = IPA
}}

'''Haonic''' ({{wp|Help:IPA/English|/hɑːoʊnɪk/}}; Haonic: [[Image:Hao we itale.png|90px]] ''Hao we itâle'' ({{wp|Romanization|Ecclesiastical romanisation}}), ''Hao wə itälə'' ({{wp|Romanization|Schnitter-Reuler romanisation}}) "Language of the Hao"), alternatively '''Hao''', is a {{wp|language isolate}} spoken primarily in [[Thalassa|southern Thalassa]]. It has approximately 410,000 speakers spread throughout southern Thalassa with significant Haophone communities in the Five Provinces. 

Haonic does not have a single written or spoken standard. Instead, speakers of the language often use their local dialect even when communicating with speakers of another dialect. Several written standards have been created based on dialects for use in education and entertainment. The largest dialects are Lower Tiskwai and the Linea dialect in Wenau. All Haonic varieties are primarily written in the [[Hao alphabet]]. There also exists two romanised standards for Haonic: {{wp|Romanization|Ecclesiastical romanisation}} created in the 17th century by Lysian missionaires and the {{wp|Romanization|Schnitter-Reuler romanisation}} created in 1862 by Rhodellian linguists Alfred Reuler and Karl Schnitter. In addition to traditional dialects, the existence of Inter-Haonic has been campaigned for by certain researchers as when speakers of two dialects with a low degree mutual inteligibility communicate words and grammatical structures from larger dialects are used to facilitate communication. However, many have pushed back on the notion stating that a varied series of apropos changes in vocabulary and grammar is more indicative of accomodation than it is of a dialect.

The use of "Haonic language" as opposed to "Haonic languages" has been subject to considerable debate: there exists a Haonic {{wp|dialect continuum}} spanning southern Thalassa and outer Hao communities the furthest points of which are unintelligible with each other. Despite this, the unity of the Hao as an ethnic group, the use of larger dialects as lingua francas and the well recorded history of Haonic support its classification as a single language.

==History==
[[File:Rongorongo Schrift.jpg|400px|thumb|left|A wooden Hao ancestral tablet with {{wp|Rongorongo|Ronorono}} glyphs ]]
The Haonic language was brought to southern Thalassa by the Hao people who settled the islands. The exact date of Hao settlement and by extension the arrival of Haonic is not known. The migration of the Hao has traditionally been seen as having coincided or followed the migration of {{wp|polynesian people|Marenesian peoples}} between the 400s CE to the 1300s CE. However, genetic evidence has linked the Hao to early [[Aurelia|Aurelia people groups]] which has been taken to mean that their migration predates that of the [[Marenesia|Marenesians]]. Most historians now put the earliest possible point of settlement in the 500s CE while others believe that Hao settlement took place later in the 10th century. Attempts to reconstruct proto-Haonic have been made. However the lack of linguistic variation in settlement-era Haonic have impeded most efforts.

Unlike the [[Marenesia|Marenesians]] with whom the Hao had extensive contact from the 11th century onwards, the Hao did not have a great oral tradition. Instead, they relied on the written word in the form of {{wp|Rongorongo|Ronorono glyphs}} most often written on wooden tablets called ''touyi'' ({{wp|Romanization|Schnitter-Reuler}}: tuji). The creation of Ronorono glyphs bewteen the 10th and 12th centuries is one of the few independent inventions of writing in history. Pre-Marenesian contact texts of Ronorono are scarce. This is partly due to natural decay as most texts were written on perishable banana leaves or wooden tablets and also due to the cultural practise of ''Ruœsitïœ'' ({{wp|Romanization|Schnitter-Reuler}}: Rüösityö) where wooden tablets were burned or thrown to the sea as a result of military defeat between clans. The practise is well documented in Hao sources and was considered the ultimate form of victory where the defeated were quite literally wiped from history. As a result, Ronorono inscriptions dating from before the 15th century are extremely rare. Despite this, certain inscriptions have survived be it because they were carved on stone or were transported to islands where ritual burnings were not common. 

Enough pre-1600s inscriptions have survived that an early pre-Marenesian state of Haonic has been able to be recorded. This was largely done in the late 1800s and early 1900s when a significant number of Ronorono tablets were discovered from shipwrecks and burial sites. This form of Haonic is called {{wp|Ancient language|Kalakala}} meaning ''lost far'' or ''lost greatly''. The language is believed to have existed in this form from the start of settlement in 500s or 900s CE to the beginning of significant Marenesian contact in the 1300s CE. Kalakala showed extensive use of declension in case and number only a small part of which has survived in certain modern Haonic dialects. Although the knowledge of how to read Ronorono was never completely lost to the Hao, elements of Kalakala had begun to be lost starting from the 14th century onwards as the glyphs were used less and less. Historical linguists from the mid-1800s onwards have been able to rediscover more and more of the lost aspects in Kalakala.
[[File:Hao Letters 2.png|900px|frameless|center|Development of Ronorono glyphs into Hao letters]]
The oldest common form of all Haonic dialects is {{wp|Ancient language|Nitséwale}} ({{wp|Romanization|Schnitter-Reuler}}: Nizewalə) also commonly referred to as Old Hao. Inscriptions show that Kalakala began to lose much of its grammatical declension especially in nouns as case endings were replaced by head-final particles. This has been attributed to the extensive contact the Hao had with Marenesians which is evident from the deluge of loanwords of Marenesian origin that entered the language at the time. The language also lost many of its consonant clusters. Nitséwale is understood to have existed from the 1300s CE until the beginning of modern Hao in the 1600s CE. From the small number of Ronorono tablets that have survived the test of time, only relatvely few of them are written in Nitséwale. Instead by the time Marenesians began to interact with the Hao, the complex system of glyphs had simplified into the  {{wp|Semi-syllabary|Hao semi-syllabary}}. This simplification of the writing system led to a considerable increase in literacy and the production of Old Hao texts. 

Towards the beginning of Old Hao, the [[Pearl Road]] extended to the point that it encompassed southern Thalassa. Around the same time, [[Mito|Mitonese]] traders began to trade with the islands. This new cultural contact brought many innovations in writing to the islands which caused the already simplified writing of the Hao to become a true alphabet. The vast majority of Old Hao texts that survive to the modern day are written in Nitséwale and in the modern {{wp|alphabet|Hao alphabet}}. Of significant interests to historical linguists is the fact that this increased cultural contact with both sides of the Oriental ocean did not result in major change in the language unlike contact with the Marenesians. Conversely, modern Haonic as it developped became averse to new loanwords preferring to coin new words from existing ones. As such, the development of an extensive system of word deriviation is a key feature of modern Haonic.

==Phonology==
===Vowels===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" | Front
! rowspan="2" | Central
! colspan="2" | Back
|-
! <small>unrounded</small>
! <small>rounded</small>
! <small>unrounded</small>
! <small>rounded</small>
|-
! Close
| /{{IPAlink|i}}/<br>
[[File:Haonic i.png|20px]]<br>'''i'''
| /{{IPAlink|y}}/<br>
[[File:Haonic ü.png|20px]]<br>'''u/ü'''
|
|
| /{{IPAlink|u}}/<br>
[[File:Haonic u.png|20px]]<br>'''ou/u'''
|-
! Mid
| /{{IPAlink|e}}/<br>
[[File:Haonic e.png|20px]]<br>'''é/e'''
| /{{IPAlink|ø}}/, /{{IPAlink|œ}}/<br>
[[File:Haonic ö.png|20px]]<br>'''œ/ö'''
| /{{IPAlink|ə}}/<br>
[[File:Haonic ê.png|20px]]<br>'''ë/ə'''
| /{{IPAlink|ɤ}}/<br>
[[File:Haonic y.png|20px]]<br>'''ï/y'''
| /{{IPAlink|o}}/, /{{IPAlink|ɔ}}/<br>
[[File:Haonic o.png|20px]]<br>'''o'''
|-
! Open
| /{{IPAlink|æ}}/<br>
[[File:Haonic â.png|20px]]
<br>'''â/ä'''
|
|
| /{{IPAlink|ɑ}}/<br>
[[File:Haonic a.png|20px]]
<br>'''a'''
|
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+ Haonic diphthongs
! Vowel
! {{IPA|ɑ}}
! {{IPA|e}}
!ə
! {{IPA|i}}
! {{IPA|o}}
! {{IPA|u}}
!y
!{{IPA|ø}}
|-
! {{IPA|ɑ}}
|
| {{IPA|ɑe}}
|ɑə
| {{IPA|ɑi}}
| {{IPA|ɑo}}
| {{IPA|ɑu}}
|
|
|-
! {{IPA|e}}
| {{IPA|eɑ}}
|
|
| {{IPA|ei}}
| {{IPA|eo}}
| eu
|
|
|-
! {{IPA|i}}
|
|
|iə
|
|
| iu
|yi
|{{IPA|ø}}i
|-
! {{IPA|o}}
| {{IPA|oɑ}}
| {{IPA|oe}}
|oə
| {{IPA|oi}}
|
| {{IPA|ou}}
|
|
|-
! {{IPA|u}}
|
|
|uə
| {{IPA|ui}}
| {{IPA|uo}}
|
|
|
|-
! {{IPA|ɤ}}
| {{IPA|ɤɑ}}
| {{IPA|ɤe}}
|ɤə
| {{IPA|ɤi}}
| {{IPA|ɤo}}
| {{IPA|ɤu}}
|{{IPA|ɤ}}y
|{{IPA|ɤ}}{{IPA|ø}}
|-
! {{IPA|æ}}
|
| {{IPA|æe}}
|æə
| {{IPA|æi}}
| {{IPA|æo}}
| {{IPA|æu}}
|{{IPA|æ}}y
|{{IPA|æ}}{{IPA|ø}}
|-
! {{IPA|ø}}
| {{IPA|øɑ}}
| {{IPA|øe}}
|øə
| {{IPA|øi}}
| 
| 
|{{IPA|ø}}y
|
|-
! {{IPA|y}}
| {{IPA|yɑ}}
|
|yə
| {{IPA|yi}}
|
|
|
|{{IPA|ø}}{{IPA|y}}
|}

===Consonants===

Haonic consonants are subject to great dialectal variation but no dialect possesses (bi)labial sounds (m, p, b, f, v). Consonant clusters are generally rare in Haonic with a general syllable structure of CV. However, /s/ and /l/ can precede most consonants and /h/ can follow most consonants resulting in the largest consonant clusters in modern Haonic: /lth/, /sth/, /lsth/ and /ltsh/. The loss of consonant clusters in modern Haonic has led to a significant increase in its vowel inventory. Germinated consonants are still a fairly prominent feature in Haonic conjugation but do not occur elsewhere. 

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! 
! Alveolar
! Palatal
! Velar
! Glottal
|-
! Plosive
| {{IPA link|t}} 
|
| {{IPA link|k}} &nbsp; {{IPA link|kʷ}}
|
|-
! Affricate
| {{IPA link|ts}}
|
|
|
|-
!Trill
|{{IPA link|r}}
|
|
|
|-
! Fricative
| {{IPA link|s}}
|
|
| {{IPA link|h}}
|-
! Nasal
| {{IPA link|n}}
|
|
|
|-
! Approximant
| {{IPA link|l}}
| {{IPA link|j}}
| {{IPA link|w}}
|
|}

====Consonant clusters====

Modern Haonic has relatively fiew consonant clusters. They are formed primarily by adding /r/, /s/, /n/ or /l/ infront of another consonant or having it be followed by /h/. /wh/ is most commonly realised as /ʍ/

All clusters can occur word-medially; only /ts/ occurs word-initially.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!1st↓ · 2nd→
!t
!ts
!r
!s
!n
!l
!j
!k
!kʷ
!w
!h
|-
!t
|tt
|
|
| ts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|th
|-
!ts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|tsh
|-
!r
|
|
|rr
|rs
|rn
|rl
|
|rk
|rkʷ
|rw
|rh
|-
!s
|st
|sts
|sr
|ss
|
|sl
|sj
|sk
|skʷ
|sw
|sh
|-
!n
|
|
|nr
|ns
|nn
|
|
|
|
|
|nh
|-
!l
|lt
|lts
|lr
|ls
|ln
|ll
|lj
|lk
|lkʷ
|lw
|lh
|-
!j
|
|
|
|js
|
|
|jj
|
|
|
|jh
|-
!k
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|kk
|
|
|kh
|-
!kʷ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|kkʷ
|
|hkʷ
|-
!w
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|wh
|-
!h
|ht
|hts
|
|
|
|
|
|hk
|
|hw
|hh
|}
==Orthography==
===Hao alphabet===
===Romanisation===
==Grammar==
===Nouns===
====Number====
====Case====
===Adjectives===
===Verbs===

=Hau 3.0=
==Phonology==



{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+Consonant phonemes
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |Labial
! colspan="3" |Dento-alveolar
! colspan="3" |Post-alveolar
! colspan="3" |Velar
!Glottal
|-
!nor.
!vel.
!nor.
!vel.
!rnd.
!nor.
!vel.
!rnd.
!nor.
!vel.
!rnd.
!nor.
|-
! colspan="2" |Nasal
|m
|mˠ
|n
|nˠ
|nʷ
|
|
|
|k
|kˠ
|kʷ
|
|-
! colspan="2" |Plosive
|p
|pˠ
|t
|tˠ
|tʷ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|ʔ*
|-
! rowspan="4" |Fricative
!Sibilant
|
|
|s
|sˠ
|sʷ
|ʃ
|ʃˠ
|ʃʷ
|
|
|
|
|-
!Retroflex
|
|
|
|
|
|ʂ
|ʂˠ
|ʂʷ
|
|
|
|
|-
!Palatal
|
|
|
|
|
|ɕ
|ɕˠ
|ɕʷ
|
|
|
|
|-
!Non-sibilant
|
|
|θ
|θˠ
|θʷ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|h
|-
! colspan="2" |Approximant
|ʋ
|ʋˠ
|l*
|lˠ*
|lʷ*
|j
|jˠ
|jʷ
|w̥
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Trill
!Voiced
|
|
|r
|rˠ
|rʷ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Voiceless
|
|
|r̥
|r̥ˠ
|r̥ʷ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |Tap
|
|
|ɾ*
|ɾˠ*
|ɾʷ*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+Hao monophthong phonemes
!
!Front
!Central
!Open
|-
!Close
|i, yː*
|ʉː
|u
|-
!Mid
|
|ə
|ɤː
|-
!Open
| colspan="2" |a
|
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+
Hao diphthong phonemes
!
!Ending with /i/
!Ending with /ə/
!Ending with /u/
|-
!Starting with /a/
|ai
|ae
|ao
|-
!Starting with /ə/
|əi
|
|əy
|-
!Starting with /i/
|
|
|
|-
!Starting with /u/
|yi
|yə
|
|}