View source for YGG-110 Chŏn Chang

{{Infobox weapon
|is_missile      = yes
|name            = YGG-110 "Chŏn Chang"
| image           = File:YGG-110_Chŏn_Chang_20210201.png
| image_size      = 300
|caption         = Side view of a YGG-110 missile
|origin          = [[Menghe]]
|type            = Long-range {{wp|active radar homing}} {{wp|air-to-air missile}}
|used_by         = 
|manufacturer    = Gwŏn-un
|unit_cost       = 
|propellant      = 
|production_date =
|service         = 2020-present
|variants        = YGG-110G
|engine          = {{wp|Solid-fuel rocket|solid-fuel}} {{wp|ramjet}}
|weight          = 210 kg
|length          = 3.92 m
|height          =
|diameter        = 200 mm 
|wingspan        = 730 mm
|speed           = Over Mach 4
|vehicle_range   = 200-300 km
|ceiling         = 
|altitude        =
|filling         = 30 kg {{wp|High explosive|HE}} fragmenting
|guidance        = {{wp|command guidance|command}} and {{wp|inertial guidance}}, terminal {{wp|active radar homing}}
|detonation      = Laser proximity fuse
|launch_platform = *[[Daesŭngri DS-9]]
*[[Songrim SR-8]]
*[[Songrim SR-12]]
}}
The '''YGG-110 Chŏn Chang''' ([[Menghean language|Menghean]]: "Sky Spear") is a type of {{wp|active radar homing|active radar guided}} {{wp|beyond-visual-range missile|beyond-visual-range}} {{wp|air-to-air missile}} developed in [[Menghe]]. It is powered by a solid-fuel {{wp|ramjet}} sustainer engine with a solid-fuel nozzleless booster stage, allowing it to achieve a considerably greater range than the [[YGG-7 Hwasal]]. Official Menghean press releases claim that the YGG-110 has twice the range of the YGG-7, and a no-escape zone three times as large, suggesting a range of at least 200 kilometers and possibly more.

==Design==
===Seeker===
Like the YGG-7, the YGG-110 relies on active radar for terminal guidance, but uses a mix of inertial guidance and command guidance to approach the target in the initial phase. In command mode, the launch aircraft illuminates the target with its radar, fires the missile, and sends datalinked commands to update the missile's course in order to intercept the target. In inertial mode, the missile follows a blind trajectory toward a pre-programmed intercept point and activates its seeker at a pre-set distance. Inertial mode is used at very short ranges and in jamming-heavy environments.

The YGG-110 reportedly uses an active phased array radar antenna in a new seeker head. This seeker has a wider angle of view than conventional seeker types, increasing the size of the "basket" in which the missile can autonomously acquire a target. This, in turn, increases the probability of a successful terminal-stage lock, especially when the launch platform has to break lock during the missile's final approach. Official sources also claim that the YGG-110's seeker is more resistant to jamming.

===Propulsion===
The YGG-110's long range is a product of its advanced propulsion system, which consists of a solid-fuel {{wp|ramjet}} with two rhomboidal intakes under the missile body. The use of solid fuel simplifies logistics, storage, and maintenance, and the use of a ramjet engine allows for greatly increased efficiency. The advanced propulsion unit was one of the main sources of delays in the development of the YGG-110.

In storage and on the ground, the YGG-110's intakes are sealed off. Immediately after launch, a solid propellant booster accelerates the missile to supersonic speeds, at which point the air intakes open and the ramjet takes over. The boron-rich propellant has a high {{wp|specific impulse}}, resulting in higher efficiency and greater range. Because the missile can pursue an overtaken target over a longer distance and maintain its speed more effectively, the YGG-110 has a large no-escape zone, i.e. the range at which a maneuvering target cannot leave the missile's range before the missile makes contact.

===Datalink===
The two-way datalink at the base of the YGG-110 receives commands from the launch aircraft and transmits back information from the inertial guidance unit and the seeker. Forward transmission allows for mid-course updates and command guidance, particularly useful when engaging a maneuvering target, and back transmission from the seeker alerts the pilot when the missile goes active, when it locks the target, and, by ending transmission, when it detonates.

The back-transmission from the inertial guidance unit also provides the pilot and launch plane with an indication of where the missile is. In theory, this could allow a plane to launch a YGG-110 at long range while keeping its own radar turned off, or while facing away from the target, as long as another platform provides range and bearing information to the launch plane via datalink. This technique could be used to engage targets without giving away the launch plane's location or alerting the target with a radar lock, though it would trigger the target's {{wp|missile approach warning system}} once the missile is close.

Two-way datalink communication also allows the pilot to re-assign the missile to a new target in flight, useful if the initial target evaded, disappeared, or was destroyed by another weapon. A "stand down" command, manually activated by the pilot, disarms the missile and sends it on a vertical descent. This mode can be activated in the event of friendly fire, accidental discharge, or de-escalation in a limited engagement.

==Variants==
===YGG-110G===
This is the designation for the original baseline version of the missile, first unveiled in 2020. It is compatible with the [[Songrim SR-8]] (R, N2, and G3) and [[Daesŭngri DS-9]] (D/R and MD/MR).

===YGG-110N===
The YGG-110N is a special variant developed to fit in the internal weapons bay of the [[Songrim SR-12]] fifth-generation stealth fighter. It is slightly shorter, with an estimated overall length of 3.8 meters. It also features {{wp|grid fin}} control surfaces in place of the conventional fins used on the YGG-110G. These fins fold face-down against the missile body in storage, allowing three missiles to sit side-by-side in each half of the SR-12's weapons bay. The grid fin design also results in reduced torque forces, and thus allows smaller fin actuators. This may have been a consideration when shrinking the missile's length, although it has not been confirmed.

===YDJ-110 Chongsŏng===
The YDJ-110 is a new type of long-range {{wp|anti-radiation missile}} based on the YGG-110. Developed as a replacement for the [[YDJ-81 Ppŏkkugi]], it can achieve a similar range (250 kilometers, according to official sources) with a much lighter and more compact missile. Given that the YDJ-81 entered service in 2012 and had a proven success record during the [[Innominadan Crisis]], the relatively rapid introduction of a replacement took many observers by surprise. This may have been a response to the size and weight of the YDJ-81, which was so large that the [[Songrim SR-8]] could only accommodate two missiles on its large under-wing pylons. By contrast, the SR-8D can carry as many as twenty YDJ-110 missiles, though such a loadout would be questionable.

Other analysts have interpreted the introduction of the new weapon as evidence of bureaucratic competition between the Buksŏng Industries Group, which developed the YDJ-82, and Gwŏn-un, which produced the YGG-110.

Though the YDJ-110 has a similar range to the YDJ-82, it has a smaller warhead: 30 kg rather than 60 kg in total. It also lacks the YDJ-81's backup electro-optical backup guidance system, an innovative feature which allows the missile to strike individual vehicles in a surface-to-air missile site even if the site's radar antenna shuts down. The YDJ-110 does, however, retain [[Constellation Satellite Navigation System|CSNS]] and inertial backup navigation to "remember" the bearing of a shut-off radar signal, and it is programmed to maximize range by following a high-altitude cruise trajectory.

The name '''Chongsŏng''' (총성 / 銃聲) was first seen at a defense expo in 2021, and means "shot" or "gunshot." 

==Operational service==
As of early 2021, the YGG-110 is believed to be in low-rate production. The ram combustor components, particularly the adjustable throat area nozzle, were believed to be the main bottleneck in development, with unconfirmed reports that Gwŏn-un changed suppliers after finding faults in parts supplied for the first test units. A press release in late 2020 stated that the YGG-110 would enter high-rate production before the end of 2022, though independent analysts have expressed doubts about this claim.

There are currently no plans to export or license the YGG-110, due to the sensitive nature of its technology and the lack of official confirmation on its range and performance envelope.

==See also==
* [[YGG-7 Hwasal]]
* [[Skybolt (missile)]]
* [[Black Spear (missile)]]

[[Category:Menghe]]