Turkestan
Turkestan Federation | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Emblem
| |
| Motto: "Together We Are Stronger!" | |
| Anthem: "National Anthem of Turkestan" | |
.svg) | |
| Capital | Astana |
| Largest | Tashkent |
| Official languages | Kazakh Kyrgyz Tajik Turkmen Uzbek |
| Ethnic groups (2023) | Turkic 90.92% Russian 5.26% Others 3.82% |
| Religion (2023) | Islam 89% Christianity 6.92% Others 4.08% |
| Demonym(s) | Turkic |
| Government | Federal presidential republic |
• President | Shavkat Mirziyoyev |
• Prime Minister | Kassym-Jomart Tokayev |
| Legislature | Grand Assembly |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Establishment | |
• Independence | 26 December 1991 |
| Area | |
• | 4,003,451 km2 (1,545,741 sq mi) (7th) |
• Water (%) | 16.9 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 81,279,636 (20th) |
• Density | 20/km2 (51.8/sq mi) (212th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $1.32 trillion (32nd) |
• Per capita | $16,240 (101st) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $862.029 billion (21st) |
• Per capita | $10,605 (79th) |
| Gini (2023) |  33.6medium |
| HDI (2023) |  0.731high (102nd) |
| Currency | Manat (MNT) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (UTC) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +990 |
| ISO 3166 code | TK |
| Internet TLD | .tk |
Turkestan, officially the Turkestan Federation, is a country in Central Asia. A federation of all five Central Asian states, it is bordered by Russia to the north and west, China to the east, as well as Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan to the south. With an area of 4,003,451 km2, it is the seventh-largest country in the world and also the largest landlocked country in the world save for a coastline along the Caspian Sea. With a population of around 81 million, Turkestan is the twentieth-most-populous country in the world while its population density of 20/km2 gives it one of the lowest population densities in the world.
Formed in the aftermath of the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Turkestan is a federation consisting of the five Central Asian states: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, all of whom were former Soviet republics. Since gaining independence, Turkestan has developed into a regional economic power through the exploitation of its vast mineral reserves, becoming the seventh-richest country in the entirety of Asia. A federal presidential republic, Turkestan is led by a popularly-elected president who serves as head of state while an elected prime minister serves as the head of government. The country is divided into five autonomous states, namely the former Central Asian states that united to form Turkestan with each being led by a chief minister. It has a bicameral parliament comprised of the Senate, the upper house made up of two senators appointed by each state, and the House of Representatives, the popularly-elected lower house.
Considered to be a regional power, Turkestan is a member of various international organisations including the United Nations, World Trade Organization, Commonwealth of Independent States, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, Eurasian Economic Union, Collective Security Treaty Organization, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.