User:Massiveconfusion/Sandbox1

Socialist Republic of Temezight N Tnyin eJemĥye N wMidden tEmeziġt N Tnyin (Latin script) ⴰⴵⵎⵄⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵎⵉⴷⴷⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵢⵉⵏ (Neo-Tifinagh)
Flag Seal
Motto: iXddemn Smun! / ⵉⵅⴷⴷⴰⵎⵏ ⵙⵎⵓⵏ ! ("Workers, Unite!")
Capital	Salasca (eLmndnt N wTsnt)
Largest	Salasca
Official languages	eWel N Tnyin
Recognised national languages	!Tuareg, !Arabic
Ethnic groups (2015)	78% N Tnyin eDde 12% Charnean 9% Ġrb eDde 1% Other
Religion	Sahb Azdarin
Demonym(s)	Eun Tunyian
Government	One party socialist republic
• State Chancellor	Ederfi Emesten Idir
Legislature	teRkkubt N wDde / Popular Assembly
Formation
• Fall of the Quarfian Empire	436 CE
• Invasion of the Almurid Caliphate	989
• Independence as the Sharifate of eYirt'ĥ	1041
• Sharif Overthrown	1647
• Reformation as the Emirate of Anyin	1649
• Emir overthrown and transition to democracy	1925
• Revolution of Flowers / eSsbedle N yiJddign	1954
Population
• 2015 estimate	~15 million maybe
HDI (2015)	0.659 medium
Currency	eŠrrf (TTŠ)
Date format	dd.mm.yyyy
Driving side	left
Calling code	+37
ISO 3166 code	NT
Internet TLD	.nt

Eun Tunyin (/ʌn tʌnˈjɪn/; eWel N Tnyin: ⵏ ⵜⵏⵢⵉⵏ, romanized: N Tnyin, pronounced: /n̪̍ t̪n̪̍ˈjin̪/), officially the Socialist Republic of Temezight N Tnyin (eWel N Tnyin: ⴰⴵⵎⵄⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵎⵉⴷⴷⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵢⵉⵏ, romanized: eJemĥye N wMidden tEmeziġt N Tnyin, pronounced: /æˈd͡ʒæmʕjæ n̪ wmid̪ːˈæn̪ t̪æmæˈz̪iʁt̪ n̪ t̪n̪̍ˈjin̪/), is a country in the west of Scipia, in Ajax. It borders Almadis in the east, Lusittia in the west _{(**not sure if I want to go that far west yet**)}, Charnea in the south and the Periclean Sea in the north. The capital and most populous city is Salasca (eLmndnt N wTsnt), in the extreme north of the country. With an area of BLANK square kilometres (BLANK sq. mi.), Eun Tunyin is smaller than most of its neighbouring countries, but larger than many nations in Scipia.

Eun Tunyin is a one-party socialist state under State Chancellor Ederfi Emesten Idir, who heads the teRkkubt N wDde, (Popular Assembly). Idir is the second chancellor to lead Eun Tunyin since the Revolution of Flowers (eSsbedle N yiJddign) in 1954, which installed the socialist regime. Eun Tunyin has existed with roughly its present borders since 1649, as the Emirate of Enyin, during whose existence Salasca also became established as the capital. The Emirate in turn arose out of two years of instability following the collapse of the Sharifate of eYirt'ĥ, which had existed for just over six hundred years since the swift invasion of the Almurid Caliphate in 989. In 1925, the Emir was overthrown and a transition to democracy was attempted, lasting only thirty years before another revolution installed the current government.

Eun Tunyin is a moderately-developed country, more or less comparable to the development level of its neighbours. Once occupying a strategic position along trade routes between continents, and along the Periclean Ocean, Eun Tunyin still relies on international trade to form the backbone of its economy. Since the 1960s, Eun Tunyin imports military equipment from allies internationally, providing for a sizeable military in comparison to population size in Scipia. Eun Tunyin continues to export natural gas from its quickly dwindling reserves, in addition to high-end agricultural produce such as dates, saffron and nutmeg. Large salt deposits can be found inland all the way to the coast at Salasca, salt therefore being the city's namesake. _{I'll have to ask about natural gas because I don't know if there is already too much of that in the worldbuilding scheme of things, though I'm not claiming very much}

History

The history of the area Eun Tunyin today occupies is rich and complicated. It is one of the oldest inhabited areas in the world, and was at one time the hub of the trading routes between Scipia, Belisaria and Ochran. Throughout history, Eun Tunyin, or the entities preceding it, were known for their exports of spices such as nutmeg, saffron, pepper and mace; salt, figs and dates; precious goods such as dyes, glass, silk and carpets; and in modern times, natural gas.

Prehistory (~150 000 BCE - ~2000 BCE)

The area of Eun Tunyin has been permanently inhabited by the ancestors of the N Tnyin eDde and Ġrb eDde since at least 17 000 years ago, though the area has been inhabited by hominids since more than 150 000 years before that, as demonstrated by archaeological evidence. At eJgdu Fddl N wJgdu, cave paintings have been found that date to 130 000 years ago, and at the Gbrrġe caves, stone tools have been found that are nearly 100 000 years old. It is believed that modern humans began to inhabit the area around 50 000 years ago, with the teKbyit culture coming to prominence 30 000 years ago and lasting until around 20 000 years ago. The successor to the teKbyit culture, the eFddw culture, lasted another 10 000 years. Following the disappearance of the eFddw culture, the coast and the river valleys provided suitable climates for agriculture, where the first advances into animal husbandry and cultivation of primitive grains were made around 7000 years ago. Inland, where there was less access to water and irrigation techniques, animal herding, especially that of camels, dominated in these more arid regions. The advent of agriculture paved the way for small communities of farmers along the rivers and the coastline, which would eventually develop into the first civilizations around 4000 years ago.

Ancient Civilizations (~2000 BCE - 193 CE)

Once small city-states started to develop, so did trade routes between them, and eventually warfare over control of these new burgeoning routes. It was this long ago that copper and bronze had been discovered in the region, along with the techniques required to forge them, throwing these new communities into the bronze age, with much technological innovation. By this time, salt had been discovered in underground deposits inland, and was the main commodity traded along the trade routes routes; salt was vital for its preservation abilities, and helped to secure a better food supply for the populations along the routes. Consequently, the first city-state to have conquered many other city-states and held them for a substantially long time was the city-turned-kingdom known to others eWrġ ("gold"), so called for their rich and affluent warrior king, Emĥĥti I.

The first kingdom of which there are direct written records is the kingdom of Btqqwu, (modern eBtxowu), of unclear etymology, possibly related to the old eWel words "bsbaas", fennel, and "igr", field. It was under this kingdom that the city of Awmndm nw Tsmt, modern eLmndnt N wTsnt, lit. "city of salt", better known as Salasca, was founded as a trading harbour on the Periclean Ocean in the year 1734 BCE. Under a succession of two kings, Tršwšš I and Fažmk II nw Btqqwu that Btqqwu reached the height of its power, controlling much coastline and a substantial amount of territory inland, crucially the salt deposits in the interior. These two kings were renowned in Btqqwu and feared by other leaders for their complete control over their realm as ambitious warrior kings, and their leadership and unifying abilities over their people. Evidently, very shortly after the death of Fažmk II in 1632 BCE, Btqqwu collapsed completely, quickly losing power over the territory it once held and fading quickly into history.

The most long-lasted civilization was that of Wn Brrwa, which bears a certain resemblance to the modern eWel N Tnyin words "wen brra", foreigner, though it is unclear why as this civilization was headed by, and ruled over, early N Tnyin people. Lasting almost a millenium and a half, over 23 successive dynasties, Wn Brrwa was one of the first civilizations to place an emphasis more on effective administration rather than warfare, which many historians credit for its longevity as an entity, though it did not grow to be as extensive or as internationally powerful than the precedent Btqqwu and eWrġ. Wn Brrwa outlasted repeated invasion attempts by the First Aradian Empire, who managed to control large portions of the coastline between 401 and 212 BCE. Though the influential city of Awmndm nw Tsnt was lost (during which time it acquired a name that would evolve into Salasca), the effective administration of several strong bureaucratic kings held the kingdom together. In fact, it was only under the rule of the famously incompetent king Ġġwzeĥ VI that the populace revolted and attempted to establish a more democratic power system akin to that of the Hellenic (?) states to the west, though the administration by then was so weakened by Ġġwzeĥ's ineptitude that Wn Brrwa finally broke apart in 35 BCE, after nearly 1500 years of history.

From the breakup of Wn Brrwa until around 200 CE, the area of Eun Tunyin was dominated by two separate kingdoms, separated by the NAME river that functioned as the main trade route to the ocean. The two kingdoms were locked in a near-constant struggle for just over two hundred years, vying for control over the river, the salt deposits and the wealth that they both brought. On the western bank of the river, N wNfren, [Kingdom] of the Fountains, was traditionally the richer kingdom of the two, with its capital in the timelessly important Awmndm nw Tsmt, while on the eastern bank lay the lands of N wḊln [Kingdom] of the Grapes, less rich but still competitive with N wNfren due to N wḊln's large reserves of iron and tin, the former being useful for everyday tools and the latter being a very important soft metal as a component of copper and in jewellery making. After over two hundred years of intermittent warfare between the two, during which time N wNfren seemed to be winning out over the other, king Kefqw of N wḊln, a known genius tactician, took advantage of a moment of instability in the kingdom across the river after the murder of its heir by the king's brother. Kefqw led his forces across the river and quickly seized the capital of Awmndm nw Tsmt, leading to the surrender of the rest of the Fountain Kingdom to his rule.

Quarfian Empire (193 CE - 486/491 CE)

King Kefqw N wḊln, having proven himself a brilliant general, established an empire based around the city of eLmndnt N wTsnt in 193 CE, the city whose name he had modernized from the thousand-year old moniker. This empire came to rival the earlier kingdom of Btqqwu in terms of international infamy and military power, while at the same time continuing Wn Brrwa's trade dominance in the region, though not lasting nearly as long. The trade routes that had once run solely along the river and small sections of the coast now traversed continents, with wares from Belisaria, Ochran, Malaio and every corner of Scipia being sold in the bustling capital. One of the most important goods during this time was cinnamon, taking salt's earlier crown as the most valuable commodity. Cinnamon was mostly grown in western Ochran, though it was enjoyed the world over. To reach far-flung destinations in Scipia, the cinnamon travelled trade routes controlled by Quarf, giving the empire the association with the spice, eventually becoming its namesake. The empire was known as "ⴰⵍⴰⴽⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵇⵔⴼ" eLekldit N wQrf, "the Cinnamon Empire".

It was during the Quarfian Empire era that new cities were established, solidifying control over trade routes for nearly the next two centuries. Some settlements established during this golden age still stand today, at Bez'gwrh, Teĥq, and Qufkeh; while others were lost to time, like the fabled city of yImddiġ, the ruins of which were only rediscovered in 1821. The written records kept by scribes of the Quarfian Empire during its two-hundred-year existence were extensive, and covered nearly every inner working of the imperial administration. This archival practice was the insistence of Emperor Fikkr I N wḊln, son of Kefqw, who strongly promoted mass literacy in his empire. Quarfian texts, written in a script closely resembling modern TIFINAGH, give chronicle the expenses of the empire, conflicts with foreign powers, court scandals, and many volumes on the life of the Quarfian common people. It was high literacy rates and extensive efficient bureaucracy that mostly kept the empire in power over its neighbours.

However, despite the comprehensive manuscripts, the borders of the Quarfian Empire were poorly defined. They controlled many cities along the coast and much territory inland, but the true extent of the Emperor's control is not known, and probably was not agreed upon at the time. It is known that the empire waged war on the Charnean tribes to the south, who threatened trade routes along the rivers, and the city-states and small republics to the west where Lusittia lays contemporarily. To the east, in the lands which Almadis presently occupies, the Eyosan Empire was a strong ally of the Quarfian Empire, collaborating in beneficial relations for defence and trade. Under the Quarfian Empire, the inland arid areas were, for the first time, definitively under the control of a coastal civilization, though, again, records are uncertain as to the actual extent of Quarfian control.

Two generations of emperors after Emperor Fikkr I, Emperor Šeĥmw II established a royal library at teJjeĥt in 313 CE, where he hoped to establish a new capital city for the ever-richer empire. However, just as the library finished construction in 318 CE, Šeĥmw died, leaving the empire to his only child, his nine-year-old daughter tFezzeht. The imperial court took over most important duties as a regency council, though this did not stop the empire from appearing weakened, with a child queen on its throne. Tribes in the south took this as an opportunity to invade just one year later, in December 319. Though the invasions were eventually fended off, they were much more costly than expected, and left the empire with much less gold in the royal treasury than there had been during the reign of Šeĥmw II. tFezzeht I, when she came of age in 325, ordered the contents of the library to be moved from teJjeĥt to eLmndnt N wTsnt, abandoning her father's dream of a grand new capital city for the empire.

tFezzeht ruled for nearly 78 years according to records, though this disputed by historians, who postulate that tFezzeht may have had a daughter who took her place towards the end of her reign in order to prevent instability at the end of her reign as tFezzeht may not have had any male heirs at all, being succeeded by Šeĥmw III, who was either her true son, if the historical texts are to be believed, or her grandson, as some historians have surmised. Truly, it was incredibly uncommon for anyone, even the ruling class who had access to the latest cures and medicines, to have lived to the age of 87 in that time period. In any case, Emperor Šeĥmw III ascended upon the death of his antecedent in 396. His reign was considered the most peaceful since the times of Wn Brrwa, some four hundred years earlier. He was an excellent negotiator, mediating trade treaties with nations all across the globe that would bring the most wealth Quarf had seen since his namesake Šeĥmw II, now known as Emperor Šeĥmw the Rich. Šeĥmw III, whose reign lasted until 455, brought much prosperity to the whole empire, especially the ever-important Salasca. He invested a lot of money into Salasca, funding building projects and major expansions of city infrastructure. Instead of attempting to relocate the seat of power in a brand new city like his grandfather, he ensured that Salasca would forever be a city of eternal importance. Many of the buildings, constructed in white stone, still stand in the capital, though some have been demolished over the ages or destroyed in the political upheavals of the 1600 years since.

Šeĥmw III's only son, Feġm I, would be the last ruler of Quarf. His reign, considered by many contemporary historians as mundane and unremarkable, though this is mainly in comparison to the illustrious reign of his father. Feġm kept peace over Quarf, for the most part, and although trade declined slightly during his tenure, the empire was still prosperous and a fearsome regional power. Internal struggles only began in the empire during the last decade of his reign. Feġm had four sons, Kfu, Bzegbxe, Ĥedm and Ġrxmidd, of whom Bzegbxe was the oldest and therefore the heir to the throne. However, all four sons saw themselves as the true heir, especially when Feġm grew senile, starting around 475. Each of them were eager to restore Quarf to its previous power and glory under Šeĥmw II and III. Bzegbxe's position as legal heir alienated the other three brothers and made them jealous; tensions grew to a boiling point in 485. The three princes plotted together to bribe the imperial guards to poison the food of Bzegbxe, exploiting the trust he somewhat naively placed in his entourage. Bzegbxe fell ill on December 23, 485, and died five days thereafter.

Feġm I, in his old age, did not name a new heir among his remaining sons in the two months before his death in March 485. On the eve of his death, the three brother agreed to part the empire in three, each with full sovereignty from the other, thereby dissolving the two hundred year-old empire. Kfu was to get the eastern portions of the empire, Ĥedm the west, and Ġrxmidd the poorer interior, though with control over the old capital. Decidedly, the entente between the brothers did not last. In late 486, Kfu and Ĥedm formed an alliance to conquer what was held by Ġrxmidd, who surrendered before the year was over. Indeed, Ġrxmidd always harboured resentment against his two other brothers, and was successful in inciting several rebellions of the nobility against both rulers. This instability was never fully tamed in either kingdom, leading to the complete breakup of the successor states in 491.

Instability & Petty Kingdoms (491 CE - 989 CE)

In the five hundred years after the collapse of the Quarfian Empire, the area of Eun Tunyin would not be united under any single state, native or otherwise. Around the year 500, many petty kingdoms arose in the power vacuum left by the successor states of the brothers Kfu and Ĥedm; the kingdoms would not be again united for a half century. The old capital would remain a merchant city-state during this time period, akin to many of the larger cities, such as Bez'gwrh and Qufkeh. The countryside would be controlled by local kings, each controlling very small amounts of land surrounding a small town or village. Some of the more influential small kingdoms, or eTfeh (pl. iTfehn), were named after colours, supposedly the colour of the royal banner. In the east, the Red and White iTfehn were locally powerful, parallelling the Blue and Green iTfehn in the west and south. Though these four kingdoms, all existing at around the same time (~520 - 575), were more powerful than the other small states around them, they could not compete with the prominence and wealth of the merchant cities on the coast.

In the latter quarter of the 6th century onwards until the end of the 8th century, no large united states existed, not even like the Colour Kingdoms of the early 500s. Instead, power and stability was more or less confined to settlements, with marauding raiders roaming the countryside, especially in the interior. The cities on the coast, however, continued to flourish despite the lawlessness inland. Several remarkable merchant kings were notable during this period, expanding the mercantile influence of their city and accumulating significant wealth. These eminent kings included the likes of eTuf Xzmi II of Kbtwis, eTuf Kbedd I of Ifx, eTuf Ĥmš III of Wrfxen, and especially eTuf Kbedd IV of Ĥugm. Kbedd IV was known as an incredibly personable ruler, forging good relations with traders across the Periclean Sea. During most of his reign, he was known for personally greeting ships that came into port at Ĥugm and warmly welcoming the sailors, always giving a cordial reception, even to traders from known hostile lands. These business tactics of appeasement would make Ĥugm the foremost prominent city in the region of Eun Tunyin, dethroning Salasca for the first time. Ĥugm is known historically in Belisaria as Hougim, or a variation thereof.

In 793, eTuf Feġm III rose to the throne in a little known small eTfeh called teRguzt, deep in the interior. Feġm had heard tales of the majestic city of Hougim, and, being an adept warrior, began conquering land on his way to the gates of Hougim. He advanced quickly, raiding and pillaging along the route to the coast. This greatly upset the power balance of the region, which, for the last two centuries had remained stable on the premise that no one city or eTfeh had too much power over the others. Feġm III quickly amassed many enemies, in the lands he had conquered and other nearby kingdoms who were angered by his greed and callousness. Feġm III did reach the gates of Hougim in 799, though not before several other iTfehn had banded together with Hougim to protect the city, and restore the previous equilibrium. Feġm and his armies were met by a significantly larger force at the gates to the city, though Feġm did not stand down. He continued his advance, and the Battle of Kbedd Gate ensued. Feġm's forces were routed at the hands of the defenders, which gave the defenders more time to coalesce. The defending armies chased Feġm all the way back to the capital of his eTfeh, where the Peace of teRguzt was signed in early 800. The peace agreement largely restored the status quo of before 793, though Hougim gained some small territories in and around the city.

The next century would again be marked by relative peace in the area of Eun Tunyin. There was an uneasy agreement between the smaller iTfehn to band together and protect each other in the event of another expansionist king. The eTfeh of Hougim continued to amass more and more power and influence, far surpassing that of any other city on the coast. Hougim became known not only for its friendly people but now its affluence and incredible wealth. Testament to its abundant finances, an eTuf of Hougim simply purchased the lands of a neighbouring eTfeh when it defaulted on its debt owed to Hougim. Hougim, by this point, seemed an eternal force in the composition of the locality. The great riches contained in the city would be used to expand the merchant fleet intensively and to invest in the growth of the city on land. The rulers of Hougim frequently donated money to friendly foreign powers, even hiring large mercenary armies to fight on another nation's behalf. The rulers of Hougim were dedicated to this unwritten rule to keep the iTfehn divided and small, using their influence to end quarrels, pay off debts or fight on a defender's behalf. They knew that, by keeping the other iTfehn small and weak, they could continue to gather the prestige and economic might that had built the city in the first place.

However, in 913, a war broke out between the eTfeh of Frkub and the eTfeh of Ddwi after the eTuf of Ddwi had allegedly courted and solicited explicit favours from the opposing king's wife. Hougim attempted to settle the conflict by offering first money to Frkub to cease hostilities, and then threatening to take the side of Ddwi to preserve the power balance. The eTfeh of Frkub, a famously ill-tempered ruler, would not back down. He proceeded to invade and capture Ddwi before the Hougimi mercenaries could arrive. This swift conquest essentially broke the delicate equilibrium, as Frkub was essentially at war with Hougim, which put it in a hostile position with the rest of the iTfehn. Once other kings had heard that a threat to their sovereignty existed, they scrambled to gather more power for themselves in order to deter a possible invasion, as Hougim was occupied fighting the irate king in Frkub. Many kingdoms took control over neighbouring lands, increasing their power relative to Hougim. The eTuf of Hougim at this time, Fexxwi I, realized that Hougim could lose total control over their own city, if he were not careful enough to fortify it temporarily. As such, peace was signed with Frkub whereby Frkub was allowed to keep its annexed lands, but the eTuf of Frkub must swear fealty to the eTub of Hougim. Fexxwi I used this tactic to end many wars in the region, allowing local warlords to keep the lands they had conquered in exchange for suzerainty under Hougim. In this way, Hougim indirectly controlled much of the territory of the 400-year-antecedent Quarfian Empire.

Until the very end of the 10th century, Hougim carefully managed its numerous subjects and maintained peace and prosperity. Under a succession of three very diplomatic kings, there were no wars between the subjects of Hougim, and Hougim itself had a large military force due to its renewed use of hired mercenaries and contributions from the subject iTfehn. However, in 985, a new force presented itself. The Almurid dynasty, who were adherents to the new Azdarin faith, had waged religious wars and conquests all over western Scipia and Ochran. Vassal states of the Hougimi rulers in the southeast of their realm had started welcoming masses of Azdarin migrants, and in late 986, Ṛfutntwmeq I, the ruler of the eTfeh of Bzeb, converted to Azdarin, becoming the first in a trend over the next two years. The last eTuf of Hougimi, Ržbbeb II, disliked the shifting religious allegiances of his subjects, and banned Azdarin outright in 988. This greatly angered the Almurids, who now had good reason for a conquest of Hougimi.