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'''George V''' (George Arthur Leopold Frederick; 3 January, 1862 - 5 January, 1923) was {{wp|King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}, {{wp|King of Hanover}} and {{wp|Emperor of India}} from 1913 until 1923. He was also {{wp|Governor-General of Canada}} from 1883 until 1900, being the first and only {{wp|British}} prince to do so, to which he was highly regarded by {{wp|Canadians}} for his state-building efforts and his exceptionally liberal approach towards issues surrounding the {{wp|Canada|country}}. The [[King George National Hockey Championships]], an annual hockey tournament, alongside several educational institutions, parks, roads and a [[George and Sophia Memorial|memorial]] all bore his name. In 1891, as {{wp|Governor-General of Canada}}, George helped laid the foundation of the {{wp|Canadian}} {{wp|Red Cross}}, in which he was then chosen as its first secretary general, in which capacity he oversaw its operations during the {{wp|Second Boer War}}.
'''George V''' (George Arthur Leopold Frederick; 3 January, 1862 - 5 January, 1923) was {{wp|King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}, {{wp|King of Hanover}} and {{wp|Emperor of India}} from 1913 until 1923. He was also {{wp|Governor-General of Canada}} from 1883 until 1900, being the first and only {{wp|British}} prince to do so, to which he was highly regarded by {{wp|Canadians}} for his state-building efforts and his exceptionally liberal approach towards issues surrounding the {{wp|Canada|country}}. The [[King George National Hockey Championships]], an annual hockey tournament, alongside several educational institutions, parks, roads, and a [[George and Sophia Memorial|memorial]] all bore his name. In 1891, as {{wp|Governor-General of Canada}}, George helped laid the foundation of the {{wp|Canadian}} {{wp|Red Cross}}, in which he was then chosen as its first secretary-general, in which capacity he oversaw its operations during the {{wp|Second Boer War}}.


Known primarily for his feats during his almost half a century long tenure as {{wp|Prince of Wales|''Prince of Wales''}}, his reign however which was among the shortest in {{wp|British}} history was marked by little active involvement as monarch in contrast to his [[William V of the United Kingdom|predecessor]], aside from the {{wp|First World War}} and the first few years of the {{wp|Roaring Twenties}}, until his death in 1923. Following his death, George was initially given the epithet of ''Builder King''  for his part in developing {{wp|Canada}} but this was promptly changed to an alternative one, renamed ''Grand Prince of Canada'' as to avoid associating him with the notorious {{wp|Leopold II of Belgium|King Leopold II}} of {{wp|Belgium}}, whom George himself personally resented for the latter's brutality in his administration of the {{wp|Congo Free State}}.
Known primarily for his feats during his almost half a century long tenure as {{wp|Prince of Wales|''Prince of Wales''}}, his reign however which was among the shortest in {{wp|British}} history was marked by little active involvement as monarch in contrast to his [[William V of the United Kingdom|predecessor]], aside from the {{wp|First World War}} and the first few years of the {{wp|Roaring Twenties}}, until his death in 1923. Following his death, George was initially given the epithet of ''Builder King''  for his part in developing {{wp|Canada}} but this was promptly changed to an alternative one, renamed ''Grand Prince of Canada'' as to avoid associating him with the notorious {{wp|Leopold II of Belgium|King Leopold II}} of {{wp|Belgium}}, whom George himself personally resented for the latter's brutality in his administration of the {{wp|Congo Free State}}.
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George was born on the 3rd of January 1862 as the second child of [[William V of the United Kingdom|William V]] and {{wp|Carlota of Mexico|Queen Charlotte}}. His birth, which succeeded that of his stillborn brother of the same name proved to be a great miracle and joy, in particular to his mother whom had been devastated by the loss of her previous son the year before. Almost immediately, he was made {{wp|Prince of Wales}} as the first in line of succession to the throne and was honorably given the surnames "Leopold Frederick" in honour of his maternal grandfather {{wp|Leopold I of Belgium}}, whom he greatly came to mirror in terms of appearance and the {{wp|Frederick III, German Emperor|Prussian prince Frederick, later Kaiser Frederick III}}, whom had been a good and close friend of his [[William V of the United Kingdom|father]] due to their shared views.
George was born on the 3rd of January 1862 as the second child of [[William V of the United Kingdom|William V]] and {{wp|Carlota of Mexico|Queen Charlotte}}. His birth, which succeeded that of his stillborn brother of the same name proved to be a great miracle and joy, in particular to his mother whom had been devastated by the loss of her previous son the year before. Almost immediately, he was made {{wp|Prince of Wales}} as the first in line of succession to the throne and was honorably given the surnames "Leopold Frederick" in honour of his maternal grandfather {{wp|Leopold I of Belgium}}, whom he greatly came to mirror in terms of appearance and the {{wp|Frederick III, German Emperor|Prussian prince Frederick, later Kaiser Frederick III}}, whom had been a good and close friend of his [[William V of the United Kingdom|father]] due to their shared views.


Despite initial suggestions concerning his preferred upbringing, a young George was fully left under the control of his loving, and liberal minded mother while his father [[William V of the United Kingdom|William]] maintained nominal influence, going so far as to only educating the future king on war and the military. Eventually, though he was able to meet the expected standards of a "soldier king" as dreamed by his father, George however took more of a liking into liberal arts which resulted in promising success, mostly at the joy of his enthusiastic {{wp|Carlota of Mexico|mother}}. At the same time, he also drew partial inspiration from his like minded aunt [[Alice, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn|Alice]], whose determined attitude in the cause of female empowerment proved revolutionary during the times of increasing liberalism in Britain.  
Despite initial suggestions concerning his preferred upbringing, a young George was fully left under the control of his loving, and liberal minded mother while his father [[William V of the United Kingdom|William]] maintained nominal influence, going so far as to only educating the future king on war and the military. Eventually, though he was able to meet the expected standards of a "soldier king" as dreamed by his father, George however took more of a liking into liberal arts which resulted in promising success, mostly at the joy of his enthusiastic {{wp|Carlota of Mexico|mother}}. At the same time, he also drew partial inspiration from his like-minded aunt [[Alice, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn|Alice]], whose determined attitude in the cause of female empowerment proved revolutionary during the times of increasing liberalism in Britain.  


===George & Alexandrovna===
===George & Alexandrovna===
[[File:Maria Alexandrovna by Winterhalter (1857, Hermitage) 2.jpg|thumb|right|{{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Empress Maria Alexandrovna}} of {{wp|Russian Empire|Russia}}, George's mother figure and wife of {{wp|Alexander II of Russia|Tsar Alexander II of Russia}}]]
[[File:Maria Alexandrovna by Winterhalter (1857, Hermitage) 2.jpg|thumb|right|{{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Empress Maria Alexandrovna}} of {{wp|Russian Empire|Russia}}, George's mother figure and wife of {{wp|Alexander II of Russia|Tsar Alexander II of Russia}}]]


Despite being generally on good terms and close with his own family, particularly with his mother, {{wp|Carlota of Mexico|Queen Charlotte}}, George nevertheless began to saw the then estranged {{wp|Russian}} {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Empress Maria Alexandrovna}} as his own mother figure, when on the insistence of George's father, [[William V of the United Kingdom|King William V]], whom sympathised with {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Maria Alexandrovna}}'s grievances, the empress began to unofficially act as a caretaker for the young George at occasional times, even in his own mother's presence. Though this new arrangement created some expected degree of rift between {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Maria Alexandrovna}} and {{wp|Carlota of Mexico|Charlotte}}, it was through the former that a young George was able to learn the {{wp|Russian}} language from, leading to a subsequently mutual feelings of appreciation and love for one another.
Despite being generally on good terms and close with his own family, particularly with his mother, {{wp|Carlota of Mexico|Queen Charlotte}}, George nevertheless began to saw the then estranged {{wp|Russian}} {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Empress Maria Alexandrovna}} as his own mother figure, when on the insistence of George's father, [[William V of the United Kingdom|King William V]], whom sympathised with {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Maria Alexandrovna}}'s grievances, the empress began to unofficially act as a caretaker for the young George at occasional times, even in his own mother's presence. Though this new arrangement created some expected degree of a rift between {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Maria Alexandrovna}} and {{wp|Carlota of Mexico|Charlotte}}, it was through the former that a young George was able to learn the {{wp|Russian}} language from, leading to subsequently mutual feelings of appreciation and love for one another.


Beginning from the age of two, the prince, with his parents' consent would often travel back and forth to {{wp|Herrenhausen Palace}} alongside {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Empress Maria Alexandrovna}} as the latter had deemed the {{wp|Kingdom of Hanover|Hanoverian}} royal residence to be more fitting for her recovery against a grieving illness. Nevertheless, while residing in the palace, the two would reportedly venture around the city streets incognito, overseeing daily businesses.  Furthermore, much to the chagrin of George's own parents, the prince would at times follow the empress back to {{wp|Russian Empire|Russia}} where he was subsequently introduced to the {{wp|Russian}} royal family, consisting of the {{wp|Alexander II of Russia|Tsar of Russia}} and their six surviving children, all of whom George later came to regard warmly in his memoirs. Even so, due to preexisting limitations, George would also at times be separated from the {{wp|Russian}} empress, during which he would often write letters wishing for her recovery alongside rounds of gifts for the empress. Later on, in the year 1880, George himself was present alongside {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Maria Alexandrovna}}'s {{wp|Russian}} family surrounding the empress in her final moments.  
Beginning from the age of two, the prince, with his parents' consent would often travel back and forth to {{wp|Herrenhausen Palace}} alongside {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Empress Maria Alexandrovna}} as the latter had deemed the {{wp|Kingdom of Hanover|Hanoverian}} royal residence to be more fitting for her recovery against a grieving illness. Nevertheless, while residing in the palace, the two would reportedly venture around the city streets incognito, overseeing daily businesses.  Furthermore, much to the chagrin of George's own parents, the prince would at times follow the empress back to {{wp|Russian Empire|Russia}} where he was subsequently introduced to the {{wp|Russian}} royal family, consisting of the {{wp|Alexander II of Russia|Tsar of Russia}} and their six surviving children, all of whom George later came to regard warmly in his memoirs. Even so, due to preexisting limitations, George would also at times be separated from the {{wp|Russian}} empress, during which he would often write letters wishing for her recovery alongside rounds of gifts for the empress. Later on, in the year 1880, George himself was present alongside {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Maria Alexandrovna}}'s {{wp|Russian}} family surrounding the empress in her final moments.  


Evidently, the life of {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Empress Maria Alexandrovna}} did much to shape some aspects of George's later adult life and his own marital life, in which unlike his own [[William V of the United Kingdom|father]] whom had taken a mistress of his own while being legally married himself, George strictly detested such a practice and was said to had also informally "criminalised" it, whilst arguing that ''"none shall suffer any longer like my mother {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Maria Alexandrovna}}"'', alluding to the late {{wp|Russian}} empress's turbulent marital life. Additionally, like {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Maria Alexandrovna}} herself whom had been a founding member of the {{wp|Russian}} Red Cross, George himself also became a founding member of the {{wp|Canadian}} Red Cross in his service as {{wp|Governor-General of Canada}}. However, on a much personal level, George reportedly harboured much antagonistic feelings towards the then {{wp|Alexander II of Russia|Tsar Alexander II of Russia}}, whom the prince reputedly blame for the empress's ailing condition and subsequent death, believing that the {{wp|Alexander II of Russia|Tsar}}'s blatant infidelity to be cause of the late empress's demise.   
Evidently, the life of {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Empress Maria Alexandrovna}} did much to shape some aspects of George's later adult life and his own marital life, in which unlike his own [[William V of the United Kingdom|father]] whom had taken a mistress of his own while being legally married himself, George strictly detested such a practice and was said to had also informally "criminalised" it, whilst arguing that ''"none shall suffer any longer like my mother {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Maria Alexandrovna}}"'', alluding to the late {{wp|Russian}} empress's turbulent marital life. Additionally, like {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Maria Alexandrovna}} herself whom had been a founding member of the {{wp|Russian}} Red Cross, George himself also became a founding member of the {{wp|Canadian}} Red Cross in his service as {{wp|Governor-General of Canada}}. However, on a much personal level, George reportedly harboured much antagonistic feelings towards the then {{wp|Alexander II of Russia|Tsar Alexander II of Russia}}, whom the prince reputedly blame for the empress's ailing condition and subsequent death, believing that the {{wp|Alexander II of Russia|Tsar}}'s blatant infidelity to be the cause of the late empress's demise.   


==''Prince of Wales''==
==''Prince of Wales''==
Upon reaching the age of majority, George, whom was then said to be immensely distraught following the death of the {{wp|Russian}} {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Empress Maria Alexandrovna}}, was promptly sent to {{wp|German Empire|Germany}} to live with his {{wp|German}} relatives whilst undertaking military lessons, as it was expected by George's father. During his lengthy stay in {{wp|German Empire|Germany}}, George was quick familiarise himself with the prevalent mitilaristic culture in the country, and was generally and personally close with the {{wp|German}} princely family, due to his own relation to {{wp|Frederick III, German Emperor|Crown Prince Frederick}}'s wife, {{wp|Victoria, Princess Royal|Crown Princess Victoria}}, whom was George's second cousin through a shared great-grandfather, {{wp|George III|King George III}}.
Upon reaching the age of majority, George, whom was then said to be immensely distraught following the death of the {{wp|Russian}} {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Empress Maria Alexandrovna}}, was promptly sent to {{wp|German Empire|Germany}} to live with his {{wp|German}} relatives whilst undertaking military lessons, as it was expected by George's father. During his lengthy stay in {{wp|German Empire|Germany}}, George was quick familiarise himself with the prevalent militaristic culture in the country, and was generally and personally close with the {{wp|German}} princely family, due to his own relation to {{wp|Frederick III, German Emperor|Crown Prince Frederick}}'s wife, {{wp|Victoria, Princess Royal|Crown Princess Victoria}}, whom was George's second cousin through a shared great-grandfather, {{wp|George III|King George III}}.


===Mahdist War===
===Mahdist War===
Following his return to {{wp|Britain}}, with a promising military education at hand, coupled with a gradual decline in his [[William V of the United Kingdom|father]]'s own involvement in military campaigns, George was widely seen by many as a natural successor to his father's militaristic legacy. However, paradoxically, George himself was said to had considerably detested military appointments, having preferred spending his time more in what he referred to as ''"nonviolent activities"''. Nevertheless, under pressure from some of the {{wp|British Army}}'s leading officers, coupled with his own prior scandal involving a relationship with notable {{wp|British}} socialite {{wp|Lillie Langtry}}, George reluctantly took a commission alongside several other {{wp|British}} officers hired to command the local {{wp|Egyptian}} army by the {{wp|Tewfik Pasha|Khedive of Egypt}} against {{wp|Mahdist State|Mahdist Sudanese}} forces of {{wp|Muhammad Ahmad}}.  
Following his return to {{wp|Britain}}, with a promising military education at hand, coupled with a gradual decline in his [[William V of the United Kingdom|father]]'s own involvement in military campaigns, George was widely seen by many as a natural successor to his father's militaristic legacy. However, paradoxically, George himself was said to had considerably detested military appointments, having preferred spending his time more in what he referred to as ''"nonviolent activities"''. Nevertheless, under pressure from some of the {{wp|British Army}}'s leading officers, coupled with his own prior scandal involving a relationship with notable {{wp|British}} socialite {{wp|Lillie Langtry}}, George reluctantly took a commission alongside several other {{wp|British}} officers hired to command the local {{wp|Egyptian}} army by the {{wp|Tewfik Pasha|Khedive of Egypt}} against {{wp|Mahdist State|Mahdist Sudanese}} forces of {{wp|Muhammad Ahmad}}.  


Upon his arrival in {{wp|Khedivate of Egypt}} on February 1882, which had then recently underwent an armed insurrection by {{wp|Ahmed 'Urabi}}, a disgruntled {{wp|Egyptian}} army officer, George was initially provided with a measly force of 2000 men strong, consisted largely of local {{wp|Egyptian}} soldiers whom were generally described as being ''"considerably unruly, and lenient against the enemy"''. A few days later, having reached the city of {{wp|Minya, Egypt|Minya}}, George had his men extensively drilled in warfare tactics whilst awaiting reinforcements in the form of the elite [[The King's Abyssinian Regiment|Abyssinian Regiment]]. Subsequently, {{wp|British}} forces under the ''Prince of Wales'', now numbering around 3,500 men strong first entered {{wp|Anglo-Egyptian Sudan|Sudan}} via the coastal city of {{wp|Suakin}} before proceeding further inwards where just three days later, they were met by a larger force of 10,000 men under the central leadership of {{wp|Muhammad Ahmad}}, whom had prior resisted initial attempts to neutralise him. In what would be George's first military encounter against the {{wp|Sudanese}} religious leader, the former decisively prevailed against the latter's warriors, having inflicted considerable casualties while retaining his own. Nevertheless, the two sides fought once more when the {{wp|Mahdist State|Mahdists}} in turn sieged the city a few days later, though this attempt was also repulsed, with the prince himself reportedly being close enough at one point to land a fatal blow against {{wp|Muhammad Ahmad}} himself. As a result of his military proficiency, George was momentarily kept in {{wp|Anglo-Egyptian Sudan|Sudan}} for a while until he was ultimatelly recalled back to {{wp|Europe}} in mid-June.  
Upon his arrival in {{wp|Khedivate of Egypt}} on February 1882, which had then recently underwent an armed insurrection by {{wp|Ahmed 'Urabi}}, a disgruntled {{wp|Egyptian}} army officer, George was initially provided with a measly force of 2000 men strong, consisted largely of local {{wp|Egyptian}} soldiers whom were generally described as being ''"considerably unruly, and lenient against the enemy"''. A few days later, having reached the city of {{wp|Minya, Egypt|Minya}}, George had his men extensively drilled in warfare tactics whilst awaiting reinforcements in the form of the elite [[The King's Abyssinian Regiment|Abyssinian Regiment]]. Subsequently, {{wp|British}} forces under the ''Prince of Wales'', now numbering around 3,500 men strong first entered {{wp|Anglo-Egyptian Sudan|Sudan}} via the coastal city of {{wp|Suakin}} before proceeding further inwards where just three days later, they were met by a larger force of 10,000 men under the central leadership of {{wp|Muhammad Ahmad}}, whom had prior resisted initial attempts to neutralise him. In what would be George's first military encounter against the {{wp|Sudanese}} religious leader, the former decisively prevailed against the latter's warriors, having inflicted considerable casualties while retaining his own. Nevertheless, the two sides fought once more when the {{wp|Mahdist State|Mahdists}} in turn sieged the city a few days later, though this attempt was also repulsed, with the prince himself reportedly being close enough at one point to land a fatal blow against {{wp|Muhammad Ahmad}} himself. As a result of his military proficiency, George was momentarily kept in {{wp|Anglo-Egyptian Sudan|Sudan}} for a while until he was ultimately recalled back to {{wp|Europe}} in mid-June.  


===Anglo-German Rivalry===
===Anglo-German Rivalry===
Despite being the brother-in-law of {{wp|Wilhelm II, German Emperor|Kaiser Wilhelm II}}, both men found themselves at odds over their contrasting policies and views. Ironically, while George inhibited some sense of {{wp|Germanophile}}, the Kaiser however possessed a strong sense of {{wp|Anglophobia}}, made evident in his rivalry against George's father, the reigning [[William V of the United Kingdom|King William V]]. Nevertheless, with the help of his aunt, [[Alice, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn|Princess Alice]], the prince sought extensively to regulate relations between the two nations. As George's character, similar to that of his younger brother [[Alexander, Prince Consort of the Netherlands|Alexander]], grew more in an opposing nature to their father's military conducts, George regularly sought refuge in neutral countries such as the {{wp|Netherlands}}, the {{wp|Scandinavia|Scandinavian}} kingdoms and his mother's home country of {{wp|Belgium}} where for a period of several months, he privately accommodated his sickly {{wp|Charlotte of Belgium|mother}}, resulting in an unyielding familial bond between the two.
Despite being the brother-in-law of {{wp|Wilhelm II, German Emperor|Kaiser Wilhelm II}}, both men found themselves at odds over their contrasting policies and views. Ironically, while George inhibited some sense of {{wp|Germanophile}}, the Kaiser however possessed a strong sense of {{wp|Anglophobia}}, made evident in his rivalry against George's father, the reigning [[William V of the United Kingdom|King William V]]. Nevertheless, with the help of his aunt, [[Alice, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn|Princess Alice]], the prince sought extensively to regulate relations between the two nations. As George's character, similar to that of his younger brother [[Alexander, Prince Consort of the Netherlands|Alexander]], grew more in an opposing nature to their father's military conducts, George regularly sought refuge in neutral countries such as the {{wp|Netherlands}}, the {{wp|Scandinavia|Scandinavian}} kingdoms and his mother's home country of {{wp|Belgium}} where for a period of several months, he privately accommodated his sickly {{wp|Charlotte of Belgium|mother}}, resulting in an unyielding familial bond between the two.


Despite the growing hostility between the two empires, George himself remained partially sympathetic to the {{wp|German Empire}}, with the former having allegedly travelled incognito to the country on several occasions as to personally inspect {{wp|German}} army facilities, and at times engaging in conversations with several high-ranking officers of the {{wp|German Army (German Empire)|Imperial German Army}}, with the {{wp|German}} {{wp|German General Staff|Chief of the General Staff}} {{wp|Helmuth von Motlke the Elder|Moltke the Elder}} in particular later writing of him as a ''"calm, sensible and courteous young prince and general"''.
Despite the growing hostility between the two empires, George himself remained partially sympathetic to the {{wp|German Empire}}, with the former having allegedly traveled incognito to the country on several occasions as to personally inspect {{wp|German}} army facilities, and at times engaging in conversations with several high-ranking officers of the {{wp|German Army (German Empire)|Imperial German Army}}, with the {{wp|German}} {{wp|German General Staff|Chief of the General Staff}} {{wp|Helmuth von Motlke the Elder|Moltke the Elder}} in particular later writing of him as a ''"calm, sensible and courteous young prince and general"''.


===Governor-General of Canada===
===Governor-General of Canada===
Despite his reluctance, the {{wp|Prince of Wales|''Prince of Wales''}} was offered once more an administrative position which came about in the light of retirement of the {{wp|John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll|9th Duke of Argyll}} from his office of {{wp|Governor-General of Canada}}. Once more, George proved reluctant for an overseas commitment but with the considerably calm and peaceful landscape of {{wp|Canada}}, added with the persuasion of his own mother {{wp|Carlota of Mexico|Charlotte}} to relocate to the country, George finally accepted the offer and departed for {{wp|Canada}} alongside his {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|wife}}. In his twenty seven years long tenure as {{wp|Governor-General of Canada|Governor-General}}, George sought and successfully introduced immense "liberalisation" of {{wp|Canadian}} politics, economy and infrastructure which coincided with the declining influence of the {{wp|Francophone|Francophones}} in the {{wp|British}} {{wp|Canada|dominion}}. In addition, despite initial skepticism, the royal couple was well-received and welcomed for their outspoken generosity and liberal lifestyle, with {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Princess Sophia}} in particular being extremely fond of the game of hockey.  
Despite his reluctance, the {{wp|Prince of Wales|''Prince of Wales''}} was offered once more an administrative position which came about in the light of retirement of the {{wp|John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll|9th Duke of Argyll}} from his office of {{wp|Governor-General of Canada}}. Once more, George proved reluctant for an overseas commitment but with the considerably calm and peaceful landscape of {{wp|Canada}}, added with the persuasion of his own mother {{wp|Carlota of Mexico|Charlotte}} to relocate to the country, George finally accepted the offer and departed for {{wp|Canada}} alongside his {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|wife}}. In his twenty seven years long tenure as {{wp|Governor-General of Canada|Governor-General}}, George sought and successfully introduced immense "liberalisation" of {{wp|Canadian}} politics, economy and infrastructure which coincided with the declining influence of the {{wp|Francophone|Francophones}} in the {{wp|British}} {{wp|Canada|dominion}}. In addition, despite initial skepticism, the royal couple was well-received and welcomed for their outspoken generosity and liberal lifestyle, with {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Princess Sophia}} in particular being extremely fond of the game of hockey.  


Despite the short term crisis of the {{wp|North-West Rebellion}}, of which George himself personally successfully partook in, the royal couple's popularity remained consistently and unprecendentedly high, made evident by a suggestion in the year 1900 when the {{wp|Prince of Wales|''Prince of Wales''}} was recommended by a few {{wp|Canadian}} officials to become the sovereign of an independent {{wp|Canada}} following their opposition to the {{wp|Second Boer War}}, though this brought him into opposition against the {{wp|Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister}}, {{wp|Wilfrid Laurier}}, whom was able to appease both anti-war and pro-war parties in the conflict. The prince, whom was well informed of the effectiveness of railways, as demonstrated in the {{wp|Franco-Prussian War}} in 1870, massively pioneered the construction of railways throughout {{wp|Canada}} and also spearheaded the establishment of several public and private institutions, with the Prince George and Princess Sophia university in particular named in their honour. He also led the foundation of the very first national-level scholarships for eligible {{wp|Canadian}} students. In 1884, he was granted a private audience with the {{wp|Pope}} in {{wp|Rome}}, {{wp|Pope Leo XIII|Leo XIII}}, becoming the first {{wp|British}} monarch to ever visit the {{wp|Catholicism|Catholic}} holy city since {{wp|Kingdom of England|England}}'s breakaway in 1534 under {{wp|Henry VIII|King Henry VIII}}. He later wrote greatly of the {{wp|Pope Leo XIII|Pope}} in his writings, having commended the {{wp|Christian}} spiritual leader for ''"his acute sense of modernity and his ability to grasp onto the changing times"''.  
Despite the short term crisis of the {{wp|North-West Rebellion}}, of which George himself personally successfully partook in, the royal couple's popularity remained consistently and unprecendentedly high, made evident by a suggestion in the year 1900 when the {{wp|Prince of Wales|''Prince of Wales''}} was recommended by a few {{wp|Canadian}} officials to become the sovereign of an independent {{wp|Canada}} following their opposition to the {{wp|Second Boer War}}, though this brought him into opposition against the {{wp|Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister}}, {{wp|Wilfrid Laurier}}, whom was able to appease both anti-war and pro-war parties in the conflict. The prince, whom was well informed of the effectiveness of railways, as demonstrated in the {{wp|Franco-Prussian War}} in 1870, massively pioneered the construction of railways throughout {{wp|Canada}} and also spearheaded the establishment of a number of public and private institutions, with the Prince George and Princess Sophia university in particular named in their honour. He also led the foundation of the very first national-level scholarships for eligible {{wp|Canadian}} students. In 1884, he was granted a private audience with the {{wp|Pope}} in {{wp|Rome}}, {{wp|Pope Leo XIII|Leo XIII}}, becoming the first {{wp|British}} monarch to ever visit the {{wp|Catholicism|Catholic}} holy city since {{wp|Kingdom of England|England}}'s breakaway in 1534 under {{wp|Henry VIII|King Henry VIII}}. He later wrote greatly of the {{wp|Pope Leo XIII|Pope}} in his writings, having commended the {{wp|Christian}} spiritual leader for ''"his acute sense of modernity and his ability to grasp onto the changing times"''.  


On March 1888, George became the first {{wp|British}} and {{wp|European}} royal to visit the emerging {{wp|Asian}} country of {{wp|Empire of Japan|Japan}}. The prince, whom had done so by the invitation of the {{wp|Japanese}} {{wp|Emperor of Japan|Emperor}} {{wp|Emperor Meiji|Meiji}}, was initially received by {{wp|Japanese}} officials at the coastal city of {{wp|Yokohama}} where from there, he embarked on a long nationwide tour comprising {{wp|Empire of Japan|Japan}}'s urban and rural areas, whilst accompanied by the {{wp|Emperor Meiji|Emperor}} himself. After a lengthy audience with the {{wp|Japanese}} {{wp|Imperial House of Japan|imperial family}}, George was then exclusively allowed to oversaw a training session of an {{wp|Imperial Japanese Army}} regiment. In his later memoirs, George wrote positively of the {{wp|Imperial Japanese Army|IJA}}'s military capabilities, in which he equated the recently modernised and emerging {{wp|Japanese}} {{wp|Imperial Japanese Army|army}} to that of the {{wp|German Army (German Empire)|German Army}} in {{wp|Europe}}, whom were then the leading example of a modern military in the continent. Reportedly, on December that year, George also paid a brief visit to the {{wp|Chinese}} capital city of {{wp|Beijing|Peking}}, where he met the {{wp|Guangxu Emperor}} and briefly toured factories in eastern {{wp|Qing dynasty|China}} before returning back to {{wp|Empire of Japan|Japan}}, from which the prince then departed back for the {{wp|United Kingdom}} from {{wp|Yokohama}}. His visit, which was said to had been of a positive nature in the emerging {{wp|Asian}} country, was later reciprocated with a visit to the {{wp|United Kingdom}} in 1901 by a twenty-two year old {{wp|Emperor Taishō|Crown Prince Yoshihito}}, whom George became personally close to following the former's visit.  
On March 1888, George became the first {{wp|British}} and {{wp|European}} royal to visit the emerging {{wp|Asian}} country of {{wp|Empire of Japan|Japan}}. The prince, whom had done so by the invitation of the {{wp|Japanese}} {{wp|Emperor of Japan|Emperor}} {{wp|Emperor Meiji|Meiji}}, was initially received by {{wp|Japanese}} officials at the coastal city of {{wp|Yokohama}} where from there, he embarked on a long nationwide tour comprising {{wp|Empire of Japan|Japan}}'s urban and rural areas, whilst accompanied by the {{wp|Emperor Meiji|Emperor}} himself. After a lengthy audience with the {{wp|Japanese}} {{wp|Imperial House of Japan|imperial family}}, George was then exclusively allowed to oversaw a training session of an {{wp|Imperial Japanese Army}} regiment. In his later memoirs, George wrote positively of the {{wp|Imperial Japanese Army|IJA}}'s military capabilities, in which he equated the recently modernised and emerging {{wp|Japanese}} {{wp|Imperial Japanese Army|army}} to that of the {{wp|German Army (German Empire)|German Army}} in {{wp|Europe}}, whom were then the leading example of a modern military in the continent. Reportedly, on December that year, George also paid a brief visit to the {{wp|Chinese}} capital city of {{wp|Beijing|Peking}}, where he met the {{wp|Guangxu Emperor}} and briefly toured factories in eastern {{wp|Qing dynasty|China}} before returning back to {{wp|Empire of Japan|Japan}}, from which the prince then departed back for the {{wp|United Kingdom}} from {{wp|Yokohama}}. His visit, which was said to had been of a positive nature in the emerging {{wp|Asian}} country, was later reciprocated with a visit to the {{wp|United Kingdom}} in 1901 by a twenty-two year old {{wp|Emperor Taishō|Crown Prince Yoshihito}}, whom George became personally close to following the former's visit.  
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===Interwar Years===
===Interwar Years===
With {{wp|German Empire|Germany}}'s surrender on November 11th 1918, George, amidst suffering an initially mild illness at the time, immediately began a vigorous effort in restoring the prestige and image of the {{wp|British}} {{wp|House of Hanover}} which, through the scheming of his late [[William V of the United Kingdom|father]], had been closely tied to the now deposed {{wp|House of Hohenzollern|Hohenzollern}} royal family. For instance, upon learning of his {{wp|Wilhelm II, German Emperor|brother-in-law}}'s escape to the {{wp|Netherlands}} following his abdication, George promptly enlisted the help of his brother, the then [[Alexander, Prince Consort of the Netherlands|Prince Consort of the Netherlands]] to help coerce the former Kaiser into agreeing towards voluntarily surrendering himself to the victorious {{wp|Triple Entente|Entente}} leaders in order to stand trial at the international courts. However, this effort was promptly cut short when his sister-in-law, {{wp|Wilhelmina of the Netherlands|Queen Wilhelmina}} whom, as the {{wp|Dutch}} monarch, refused to folllow-up on the effort herself. Nevertheless, until his death several years later, George consistently remained a fierce critic of the former {{wp|Wilhelm II, German Emperor|Kaiser}}, and was particularly noted for having "informally" prohibited the usage of the name ''William'' for later heir apparents, in which he declared, ''"From this point on, the name William, or Wilhelm must never be the name of any Kings of Britain anymore, for the names of this nation's kings and queens from now on will never live on in infamy"''. While this informal prohibition was welcomed and seen by many as a symbolic and patriotic gesture at the time, it was ultimately broken with the birth of his great-grandson, [[William VI of the United Kingdom|Prince William of Cambridge]] (later William VI) on December 1950.
With {{wp|German Empire|Germany}}'s surrender on November 11th 1918, George, amidst suffering an initially mild illness at the time, immediately began a vigorous effort in restoring the prestige and image of the {{wp|British}} {{wp|House of Hanover}} which, through the scheming of his late [[William V of the United Kingdom|father]], had been closely tied to the now deposed {{wp|House of Hohenzollern|Hohenzollern}} royal family. For instance, upon learning of his {{wp|Wilhelm II, German Emperor|brother-in-law}}'s escape to the {{wp|Netherlands}} following his abdication, George promptly enlisted the help of his brother, the then [[Alexander, Prince Consort of the Netherlands|Prince Consort of the Netherlands]] to help coerce the former Kaiser into agreeing towards voluntarily surrendering himself to the victorious {{wp|Triple Entente|Entente}} leaders in order to stand trial at the international courts. However, this effort was promptly cut short when his sister-in-law, {{wp|Wilhelmina of the Netherlands|Queen Wilhelmina}} whom, as the {{wp|Dutch}} monarch, refused to follow-up on the effort herself. Nevertheless, until his death several years later, George consistently remained a fierce critic of the former {{wp|Wilhelm II, German Emperor|Kaiser}}, and was particularly noted for having "informally" prohibited the usage of the name ''William'' for later heir apparents, in which he declared, ''"From this point on, the name William, or Wilhelm must never be the name of any Kings of Britain anymore, for the names of this nation's kings and queens from now on will never live on in infamy"''. While this informal prohibition was welcomed and seen by many as a symbolic and patriotic gesture at the time, it was ultimately broken with the birth of his great-grandson, [[William VI of the United Kingdom|Prince William of Cambridge]] (later William VI) on December 1950.


In the remaining years of his reign, George largely concentrated his efforts on aiding a post-war {{wp|Britain}} through the provisions of financial aid, whilst spending most of his time in {{wp|Canada}}, which had long been his preferred country of residence, rather than in the {{wp|United Kingdom}}.
In the remaining years of his reign, George largely concentrated his efforts on aiding a post-war {{wp|Britain}} through the provisions of financial aid, whilst spending most of his time in {{wp|Canada}}, which had long been his preferred country of residence, rather than in the {{wp|United Kingdom}}.


==Death==
==Death==
Throughout the last remaining years of his life, George consistently suffered from bouts of illnesses, initially proven to be less of a concern to doctors and alike, before gradually worsening overtime. During the subsequent diagnosis, aside from the noticeable amount of stress and fatigue he inherited from his early years as king, his decision to concurrently take up smoking (a habit he had consistently opposed to in the past), presumably as a short-term relief for his longstanding grievances, was also cited by doctors to had been the primary causes for his worsening illness. Ultimately, despite routine medical examinations leading up to his death, no official statement confirming the cause of his death was ever published, while rumours of a supposed foul play were quickly suppressed, due to the lack of any substantial evidence.  
Throughout the last remaining years of his life, George consistently suffered from bouts of illnesses, initially proven to be less of a concern to doctors and alike, before gradually worsening over time. During the subsequent diagnosis, aside from the noticeable amount of stress and fatigue he inherited from his early years as king, his decision to concurrently take up smoking (a habit he had consistently opposed to in the past), presumably as a short-term relief for his longstanding grievances, was also cited by doctors to had been the primary causes for his worsening illness. Ultimately, despite routine medical examinations leading up to his death, no official statement confirming the cause of his death was ever published, while rumours of a supposed foul play were quickly suppressed, due to the lack of any substantial evidence.  


On January 5th 1923, George passed away in the presence of his closest family members while residing in {{wp|Rideau Hall}}, located in the {{wp|Canadian}} capital city of {{wp|Ottawa}}. As per a will subsequently revealed after his death, he was then buried in a specially-made memorial in {{wp|Ottawa}} itself, as to solidify his popular image and respect held among the local {{wp|Canadian}} populace. His own wife, {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Queen Sophie}}, was also buried at the memorial several years later, thereby alluding to the memorial's name, ''George and Sophia Memorial''.
On January 5th 1923, George passed away in the presence of his closest family members while residing in {{wp|Rideau Hall}}, located in the {{wp|Canadian}} capital city of {{wp|Ottawa}}. As per a will written prior to his death, he was subsequently buried in a specially-made memorial in {{wp|Ottawa}} itself, as to solidify his popular image and respect held among the local {{wp|Canadian}} populace. His own wife, {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Queen Sophie}}, was also buried at the memorial several years later, thereby alluding to the memorial's name, ''George and Sophia Memorial''.


==Marriage==
==Marriage==
Line 150: Line 150:
===Engagement===
===Engagement===
[[File:Maria Alexandrovna of Russia duchess of Edinburgh.jpg|thumb|right|{{wp|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia}}, whom George was initially engaged to prior to his marriage]]
[[File:Maria Alexandrovna of Russia duchess of Edinburgh.jpg|thumb|right|{{wp|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia}}, whom George was initially engaged to prior to his marriage]]
Upon his arrival in {{wp|German Empire|Germany}} in 1880, George was quick to familiarise himself with the foreign {{wp|German}} court. As the second cousin of {{wp|Victoria, Princess Royal|Crown Princess Victoria}}, the young George was quick to bond with the latter and her family, consisting that of {{wp|Frederick III,German Emperor|Crown Prince Frederick}} whom George greatly admired as a father-like figure and their six surviving children. In line with his designated purpose, George became rather quickly acquainted with Frederick's daughters and was initially recommended with the eldest of them all, {{wp|Princess Charlotte of Prussia|Charlotte}} whose illness however nullified any prospects of a marriage. Undeterred, George began expressing a degree of consideration in marrying the second eldest daughter of the {{wp|Frederick III, German Emperor|German Crown Prince}}, {{wp|Princess Viktoria of Prussia|Princess Viktoria}} but this soon changed upon his acquaintance with {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Sophia}}, the third eldest of the group. Though {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Sophia}} was evidently much younger compared to her peers, she was spared from the problems faced by her elder sisters that had rendered them unsuitable for George. With the encouragement of both of their parents, George and {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Sophia}} were quick to familiarise themselves. However, as Sophia herself was then too young for a marriage, George was encouraged to reluctantly wait for seven more years when the princess was to become of age herself.  
Upon his arrival in {{wp|German Empire|Germany}} in 1880, George was quick to familiarise himself with the foreign {{wp|German}} court. As the second cousin of {{wp|Victoria, Princess Royal|Crown Princess Victoria}}, the young George was quick to bond with the latter and her family, consisting that of {{wp|Frederick III, German Emperor|Crown Prince Frederick}} whom George greatly admired as a father-like figure and their six surviving children. In line with his designated purpose, George became rather quickly acquainted with Frederick's daughters and was initially recommended with the eldest of them all, {{wp|Princess Charlotte of Prussia|Charlotte}} whose illness however nullified any prospects of a marriage. Undeterred, George began expressing a degree of consideration in marrying the second eldest daughter of the {{wp|Frederick III, German Emperor|German Crown Prince}}, {{wp|Princess Viktoria of Prussia|Princess Viktoria}} but this soon changed upon his acquaintance with {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Sophia}}, the third eldest of the group. Though {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Sophia}} was evidently much younger compared to her peers, she was spared from the problems faced by her elder sisters that had rendered them unsuitable for George. With the encouragement of both of their parents, George and {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Sophia}} were quick to familiarise themselves. However, as Sophia herself was then too young for a marriage, George was encouraged to reluctantly wait for seven more years when the princess was to become of age herself.  


[[File:Lilly Langtry, 1885.jpg|thumb|{{wp|Lillie Langtry}}, an {{wp|English}} actress whom was briefly the mistress of the then Prince of Wales]]
[[File:Lilly Langtry, 1885.jpg|thumb|{{wp|Lillie Langtry}}, an {{wp|English}} actress whom was briefly the mistress of the then Prince of Wales]]
Line 159: Line 159:
Having opted on distancing himself and his fiancee from the general public, George, along with {{wp|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia|Maria Alexandrovna}} took up residence in {{wp|Windsor Castle}} where they were said to had enjoyed themselves ''"to the fullest extent"''. A fluent {{wp|Russian}} speaker himself, both George and {{wp|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia|Maria Alexandrovna}} would often switch on a daily basis between the three languages of {{wp|English}}, {{wp|German}}, and {{wp|Russian}} whenever they converse with each other publicly. As one particular royal staff noted, ''"The prospect of being ultimately forbidden to marry each other never seemed to bother either of them. They were themselves, and they are enjoying it for as long as they could"''. In addition to their mutual proficiency in several languages and some other forms of common interest, the two generally bonded over the death of the late {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Empress Maria Alexandrovna}}, whom both George and {{wp|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia|Maria Alexandrovna}} were close to.  
Having opted on distancing himself and his fiancee from the general public, George, along with {{wp|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia|Maria Alexandrovna}} took up residence in {{wp|Windsor Castle}} where they were said to had enjoyed themselves ''"to the fullest extent"''. A fluent {{wp|Russian}} speaker himself, both George and {{wp|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia|Maria Alexandrovna}} would often switch on a daily basis between the three languages of {{wp|English}}, {{wp|German}}, and {{wp|Russian}} whenever they converse with each other publicly. As one particular royal staff noted, ''"The prospect of being ultimately forbidden to marry each other never seemed to bother either of them. They were themselves, and they are enjoying it for as long as they could"''. In addition to their mutual proficiency in several languages and some other forms of common interest, the two generally bonded over the death of the late {{wp|Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Empress Maria Alexandrovna}}, whom both George and {{wp|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia|Maria Alexandrovna}} were close to.  


On June 1882, to the surprise of observers, as George departed for {{wp|Empire of Japan|Japan}}, the {{wp|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia|grand duchess}} herself was also seen travelling alongside the former, prompting rumours of a secret marriage being already established, as their general closeness with one another was already of public knowledge.  Subsequently, just a year later, when the prince accepted a gubernatorial post in {{wp|Canada}}, the grand duchess, with George's own permission, also went alongside the former to {{wp|North America}}.  
On June 1882, to the surprise of observers, as George departed for {{wp|Empire of Japan|Japan}}, the {{wp|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia|grand duchess}} herself was also seen traveling alongside the former, prompting rumours of a secret marriage being already established, as their general closeness with one another was already of public knowledge.  Subsequently, just a year later, when the prince accepted a gubernatorial post in {{wp|Canada}}, the grand duchess, with George's own permission, also went alongside the former to {{wp|North America}}. While there, despite only being engaged to one another with no exact plans for marriage so far, {{wp|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia|Maria Alexandrovna}} herself in particular, was mostly referred to by both the common public and some government officials as ''Mary, Princess of Wales'', as if the two had married already, although this is most likely due to the general state of the relationship between the two, whom at one point, were described as being "inseparable" and "mutually befitting for one another".
 
Subsequently, for the next six years long period of their engagement, both George and {{wp|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia|Maria Alexandrovna}} continued to appear together on an almost regular basis, before the two finally parted ways just days prior to George's marriage to his eventual wife, {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Princess Sophia}}. Nevertheless, as the grand duchess was in turn married to George's own similarly named younger brother, the two thus remained in close proximity with one another, albeit in a much more restrained tone as to not upset their respective spouses.


===Marriage===
===Marriage===
Thus, with no other options left in sight, George began to emphasise his efforts in truly bonding with the younger {{wp|German}} {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|princess}}, which was said to had been remarkably successful after just two months long. Due to the occasional leaves of Sophi's parents, the princess was at times left under the care of her {{wp|British}} relatives, further allowing George to better familiarise himself with {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Sophia}}. Eventually, George was able to successfully sought permission from Sophia's mother,  {{wp|Victoria, Princess Royal|Crown Princess Victoria}} to bring the young princess to {{wp|Canada}}, which George had reportedly chose to be the venue for him to then ask for Sophia's hand in marriage. However, rather unexpectedly, the proposal occured prematurely while the pair was still enroute to {{wp|Canada}}, with Sophia instead asking for the prince's hand in marriage. The couple then hastily returned to {{wp|Germany|German Empire}} for a brief audience with the {{wp|German}} royal family before finally arriving in {{wp|Britain}}, where their engagement was subsequently made public to the {{wp|British}} royal family. Their engagement, in addition to its {{wp|Anglo}}-{{wp|German}} theme, was also seen as a direct unification between the two royal bloodlines of [[William V of the United Kingdom|King William V]]'s descendants with that of the former's cousin, the former {{wp|Queen Victoria}} whom, prior to the engagement was George's first cousin, once removed before effectively becoming his grandmother-in-law.
Thus, with no other options left in sight, George began to emphasise his efforts in truly bonding with the younger {{wp|German}} {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|princess}}, which was said to had been remarkably successful after just two months long. Due to the occasional leaves of Sophi's parents, the princess was at times left under the care of her {{wp|British}} relatives, further allowing George to better familiarise himself with {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Sophia}}. Eventually, George was able to successfully sought permission from Sophia's mother,  {{wp|Victoria, Princess Royal|Crown Princess Victoria}} to bring the young princess to {{wp|Canada}}, which George had reportedly chose to be the venue for him to then ask for Sophia's hand in marriage. However, rather unexpectedly, the proposal occurred prematurely while the pair was still en route to {{wp|Canada}}, with Sophia instead asking for the prince's hand in marriage. The couple then hastily returned to {{wp|Germany|German Empire}} for a brief audience with the {{wp|German}} royal family before finally arriving in {{wp|Britain}}, where their engagement was subsequently made public to the {{wp|British}} royal family. Their engagement, in addition to its {{wp|Anglo}}-{{wp|German}} theme, was also seen as a direct unification between the two royal bloodlines of [[William V of the United Kingdom|King William V]]'s descendants with that of the former's cousin, the former {{wp|Queen Victoria}} whom, prior to the engagement was George's first cousin, once removed before effectively becoming his grandmother-in-law.


For the next couple of months, despite initial reluctance by {{wp|Victoria, Princess Royal|Crown Princess Victoria}} in being apart from her beloved daughter, Sophia resided with her {{wp|British}} cousins in {{wp|Buckingham Palace}}. As a result of her {{wp|Victoria, Princess Royal|mother}}'s {{wp|Anglo}}-centric upbringing, the princess quickly left a positive impression of observers, with the then [[William V of the United Kingdom|King William V]] reportedly lavishing much attention towards his soon-to-be daughter-in-law, exemplified in a letter written to Sophie's parents in which he wrote, ''"The young Sophie's presence here has been quite a remarkable blessing for us all, and if possible, I would wish for her to stay here for much longer"''. On August 1887, the couple were officially married at the {{wp|Royal Chapel}} in {{wp|St James's Palace}}. Encouraged by his [[William V of the United Kingdom|father]], the couple spent their two months long honeymoon first in {{wp|Khedivate of Egypt|Egypt}}, where they resided for three weeks before finally journeying to {{wp|Canada}}. According to George himself, the young Sophia became extremely fond of the {{wp|Canadian}} scenery which prompted the couple to designate the country as their unofficial residence for the most of their remaining years before George's own ascension to the throne in the year 1913.  
For the next couple of months, despite initial reluctance by {{wp|Victoria, Princess Royal|Crown Princess Victoria}} in being apart from her beloved daughter, Sophia resided with her {{wp|British}} cousins in {{wp|Buckingham Palace}}. As a result of her {{wp|Victoria, Princess Royal|mother}}'s {{wp|Anglo}}-centric upbringing, the princess quickly left a positive impression of observers, with the then [[William V of the United Kingdom|King William V]] reportedly lavishing much attention towards his soon-to-be daughter-in-law, exemplified in a letter written to Sophie's parents in which he wrote, ''"The young Sophie's presence here has been quite a remarkable blessing for us all, and if possible, I would wish for her to stay here for much longer"''. On August 1887, the couple were officially married at the {{wp|Royal Chapel}} in {{wp|St James's Palace}}. Encouraged by his [[William V of the United Kingdom|father]], the couple spent their two months long honeymoon first in {{wp|Khedivate of Egypt|Egypt}}, where they resided for three weeks before finally journeying to {{wp|Canada}}. According to George himself, the young Sophia became extremely fond of the {{wp|Canadian}} scenery which prompted the couple to designate the country as their unofficial residence for the most of their remaining years before George's own ascension to the throne in the year 1913.  

Revision as of 05:40, 21 August 2021

George V
Medium
King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions
Reign30 January, 1913 - 5 January, 1923
Coronation5 March, 1913
PredecessorWilliam V
SuccessorEdward VII
Prime Ministers
Emperor of India
Reign30 January, 1913 - 5 January, 1923
Imperial Durbar8 August, 1913
PredecessorWilliam V
SuccessorEdward VII
King of Hanover
Reign30 January, 1913 - 5 January, 1923
Coronation5 March, 1913
PredecessorWilliam V
SuccessorEdward VII
Governor-General of Canada
In office23 October, 1883 - 5 March, 1900
MonarchWilliam V
Preceded byThe Marquess of Lorne
Succeeded byThe Earl Grey
Prime Minister
BornGeorge Arthur Leopold Frederick
(1862-01-03)3 January 1862
Buckingham Palace, London
Died5 January 1923(1923-01-05) (aged 61)
Rideau Hall, Ottawa, Canada
Burial20 January 1923
SpouseGrand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia
(1881 - 1886, engaged)
Issue
Detail
Full name
George Arthur Leopold Frederick
HouseHanover
FatherWilliam V
MotherCharlotte of Belgium
ReligionProtestant
Military service
Branch/service
Years of service1882-1883 (active service)
RankBrigadier
UnitThe King's Abyssinian Regiment
Battles/warsMahdist War

George V (George Arthur Leopold Frederick; 3 January, 1862 - 5 January, 1923) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, King of Hanover and Emperor of India from 1913 until 1923. He was also Governor-General of Canada from 1883 until 1900, being the first and only British prince to do so, to which he was highly regarded by Canadians for his state-building efforts and his exceptionally liberal approach towards issues surrounding the country. The King George National Hockey Championships, an annual hockey tournament, alongside several educational institutions, parks, roads, and a memorial all bore his name. In 1891, as Governor-General of Canada, George helped laid the foundation of the Canadian Red Cross, in which he was then chosen as its first secretary-general, in which capacity he oversaw its operations during the Second Boer War.

Known primarily for his feats during his almost half a century long tenure as Prince of Wales, his reign however which was among the shortest in British history was marked by little active involvement as monarch in contrast to his predecessor, aside from the First World War and the first few years of the Roaring Twenties, until his death in 1923. Following his death, George was initially given the epithet of Builder King for his part in developing Canada but this was promptly changed to an alternative one, renamed Grand Prince of Canada as to avoid associating him with the notorious King Leopold II of Belgium, whom George himself personally resented for the latter's brutality in his administration of the Congo Free State.

Early Life

George was born on the 3rd of January 1862 as the second child of William V and Queen Charlotte. His birth, which succeeded that of his stillborn brother of the same name proved to be a great miracle and joy, in particular to his mother whom had been devastated by the loss of her previous son the year before. Almost immediately, he was made Prince of Wales as the first in line of succession to the throne and was honorably given the surnames "Leopold Frederick" in honour of his maternal grandfather Leopold I of Belgium, whom he greatly came to mirror in terms of appearance and the Prussian prince Frederick, later Kaiser Frederick III, whom had been a good and close friend of his father due to their shared views.

Despite initial suggestions concerning his preferred upbringing, a young George was fully left under the control of his loving, and liberal minded mother while his father William maintained nominal influence, going so far as to only educating the future king on war and the military. Eventually, though he was able to meet the expected standards of a "soldier king" as dreamed by his father, George however took more of a liking into liberal arts which resulted in promising success, mostly at the joy of his enthusiastic mother. At the same time, he also drew partial inspiration from his like-minded aunt Alice, whose determined attitude in the cause of female empowerment proved revolutionary during the times of increasing liberalism in Britain.

George & Alexandrovna

Empress Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, George's mother figure and wife of Tsar Alexander II of Russia

Despite being generally on good terms and close with his own family, particularly with his mother, Queen Charlotte, George nevertheless began to saw the then estranged Russian Empress Maria Alexandrovna as his own mother figure, when on the insistence of George's father, King William V, whom sympathised with Maria Alexandrovna's grievances, the empress began to unofficially act as a caretaker for the young George at occasional times, even in his own mother's presence. Though this new arrangement created some expected degree of a rift between Maria Alexandrovna and Charlotte, it was through the former that a young George was able to learn the Russian language from, leading to subsequently mutual feelings of appreciation and love for one another.

Beginning from the age of two, the prince, with his parents' consent would often travel back and forth to Herrenhausen Palace alongside Empress Maria Alexandrovna as the latter had deemed the Hanoverian royal residence to be more fitting for her recovery against a grieving illness. Nevertheless, while residing in the palace, the two would reportedly venture around the city streets incognito, overseeing daily businesses. Furthermore, much to the chagrin of George's own parents, the prince would at times follow the empress back to Russia where he was subsequently introduced to the Russian royal family, consisting of the Tsar of Russia and their six surviving children, all of whom George later came to regard warmly in his memoirs. Even so, due to preexisting limitations, George would also at times be separated from the Russian empress, during which he would often write letters wishing for her recovery alongside rounds of gifts for the empress. Later on, in the year 1880, George himself was present alongside Maria Alexandrovna's Russian family surrounding the empress in her final moments.

Evidently, the life of Empress Maria Alexandrovna did much to shape some aspects of George's later adult life and his own marital life, in which unlike his own father whom had taken a mistress of his own while being legally married himself, George strictly detested such a practice and was said to had also informally "criminalised" it, whilst arguing that "none shall suffer any longer like my mother Maria Alexandrovna", alluding to the late Russian empress's turbulent marital life. Additionally, like Maria Alexandrovna herself whom had been a founding member of the Russian Red Cross, George himself also became a founding member of the Canadian Red Cross in his service as Governor-General of Canada. However, on a much personal level, George reportedly harboured much antagonistic feelings towards the then Tsar Alexander II of Russia, whom the prince reputedly blame for the empress's ailing condition and subsequent death, believing that the Tsar's blatant infidelity to be the cause of the late empress's demise.

Prince of Wales

Upon reaching the age of majority, George, whom was then said to be immensely distraught following the death of the Russian Empress Maria Alexandrovna, was promptly sent to Germany to live with his German relatives whilst undertaking military lessons, as it was expected by George's father. During his lengthy stay in Germany, George was quick familiarise himself with the prevalent militaristic culture in the country, and was generally and personally close with the German princely family, due to his own relation to Crown Prince Frederick's wife, Crown Princess Victoria, whom was George's second cousin through a shared great-grandfather, King George III.

Mahdist War

Following his return to Britain, with a promising military education at hand, coupled with a gradual decline in his father's own involvement in military campaigns, George was widely seen by many as a natural successor to his father's militaristic legacy. However, paradoxically, George himself was said to had considerably detested military appointments, having preferred spending his time more in what he referred to as "nonviolent activities". Nevertheless, under pressure from some of the British Army's leading officers, coupled with his own prior scandal involving a relationship with notable British socialite Lillie Langtry, George reluctantly took a commission alongside several other British officers hired to command the local Egyptian army by the Khedive of Egypt against Mahdist Sudanese forces of Muhammad Ahmad.

Upon his arrival in Khedivate of Egypt on February 1882, which had then recently underwent an armed insurrection by Ahmed 'Urabi, a disgruntled Egyptian army officer, George was initially provided with a measly force of 2000 men strong, consisted largely of local Egyptian soldiers whom were generally described as being "considerably unruly, and lenient against the enemy". A few days later, having reached the city of Minya, George had his men extensively drilled in warfare tactics whilst awaiting reinforcements in the form of the elite Abyssinian Regiment. Subsequently, British forces under the Prince of Wales, now numbering around 3,500 men strong first entered Sudan via the coastal city of Suakin before proceeding further inwards where just three days later, they were met by a larger force of 10,000 men under the central leadership of Muhammad Ahmad, whom had prior resisted initial attempts to neutralise him. In what would be George's first military encounter against the Sudanese religious leader, the former decisively prevailed against the latter's warriors, having inflicted considerable casualties while retaining his own. Nevertheless, the two sides fought once more when the Mahdists in turn sieged the city a few days later, though this attempt was also repulsed, with the prince himself reportedly being close enough at one point to land a fatal blow against Muhammad Ahmad himself. As a result of his military proficiency, George was momentarily kept in Sudan for a while until he was ultimately recalled back to Europe in mid-June.

Anglo-German Rivalry

Despite being the brother-in-law of Kaiser Wilhelm II, both men found themselves at odds over their contrasting policies and views. Ironically, while George inhibited some sense of Germanophile, the Kaiser however possessed a strong sense of Anglophobia, made evident in his rivalry against George's father, the reigning King William V. Nevertheless, with the help of his aunt, Princess Alice, the prince sought extensively to regulate relations between the two nations. As George's character, similar to that of his younger brother Alexander, grew more in an opposing nature to their father's military conducts, George regularly sought refuge in neutral countries such as the Netherlands, the Scandinavian kingdoms and his mother's home country of Belgium where for a period of several months, he privately accommodated his sickly mother, resulting in an unyielding familial bond between the two.

Despite the growing hostility between the two empires, George himself remained partially sympathetic to the German Empire, with the former having allegedly traveled incognito to the country on several occasions as to personally inspect German army facilities, and at times engaging in conversations with several high-ranking officers of the Imperial German Army, with the German Chief of the General Staff Moltke the Elder in particular later writing of him as a "calm, sensible and courteous young prince and general".

Governor-General of Canada

Despite his reluctance, the Prince of Wales was offered once more an administrative position which came about in the light of retirement of the 9th Duke of Argyll from his office of Governor-General of Canada. Once more, George proved reluctant for an overseas commitment but with the considerably calm and peaceful landscape of Canada, added with the persuasion of his own mother Charlotte to relocate to the country, George finally accepted the offer and departed for Canada alongside his wife. In his twenty seven years long tenure as Governor-General, George sought and successfully introduced immense "liberalisation" of Canadian politics, economy and infrastructure which coincided with the declining influence of the Francophones in the British dominion. In addition, despite initial skepticism, the royal couple was well-received and welcomed for their outspoken generosity and liberal lifestyle, with Princess Sophia in particular being extremely fond of the game of hockey.

Despite the short term crisis of the North-West Rebellion, of which George himself personally successfully partook in, the royal couple's popularity remained consistently and unprecendentedly high, made evident by a suggestion in the year 1900 when the Prince of Wales was recommended by a few Canadian officials to become the sovereign of an independent Canada following their opposition to the Second Boer War, though this brought him into opposition against the Prime Minister, Wilfrid Laurier, whom was able to appease both anti-war and pro-war parties in the conflict. The prince, whom was well informed of the effectiveness of railways, as demonstrated in the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, massively pioneered the construction of railways throughout Canada and also spearheaded the establishment of a number of public and private institutions, with the Prince George and Princess Sophia university in particular named in their honour. He also led the foundation of the very first national-level scholarships for eligible Canadian students. In 1884, he was granted a private audience with the Pope in Rome, Leo XIII, becoming the first British monarch to ever visit the Catholic holy city since England's breakaway in 1534 under King Henry VIII. He later wrote greatly of the Pope in his writings, having commended the Christian spiritual leader for "his acute sense of modernity and his ability to grasp onto the changing times".

On March 1888, George became the first British and European royal to visit the emerging Asian country of Japan. The prince, whom had done so by the invitation of the Japanese Emperor Meiji, was initially received by Japanese officials at the coastal city of Yokohama where from there, he embarked on a long nationwide tour comprising Japan's urban and rural areas, whilst accompanied by the Emperor himself. After a lengthy audience with the Japanese imperial family, George was then exclusively allowed to oversaw a training session of an Imperial Japanese Army regiment. In his later memoirs, George wrote positively of the IJA's military capabilities, in which he equated the recently modernised and emerging Japanese army to that of the German Army in Europe, whom were then the leading example of a modern military in the continent. Reportedly, on December that year, George also paid a brief visit to the Chinese capital city of Peking, where he met the Guangxu Emperor and briefly toured factories in eastern China before returning back to Japan, from which the prince then departed back for the United Kingdom from Yokohama. His visit, which was said to had been of a positive nature in the emerging Asian country, was later reciprocated with a visit to the United Kingdom in 1901 by a twenty-two year old Crown Prince Yoshihito, whom George became personally close to following the former's visit.

Reign

On January 30th 1913, just twenty five days after the wedding of his eldest son, Edward to the German Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia, his own father, King William V passed away surrounded by his close family members. For George himself, just a few days prior to the king's death, he had already returned to Canada, as it was his custom, soon after the wedding. Nevertheless, he reluctantly returned to London as his father's illness began to become more significantly apparent. Thus, following the latter's death, George was immediately declared the new King of the United Kingdom, with his eldest son as the heir apparent.

First World War

While the first year of his reign was generally uneventful, his reign however was soon marked by the beginning of the First World War when Austria-Hungary, with the intent of avenging the death of its fallen crown prince, declared war on the Kingdom of Serbia, prompting a counter Russian and French declaration of war against the Austrians and their German ally. Just two months later, the United Kingdom itself formally entered the war on the pretext of German violation of Belgian neutrality.

During the the war, while most of the direct military engagements between Britain and its German enemy occurred strictly on the European mainland, the island itself underwent a lengthy period of aerial German bombardment through the use of zeppelin airships. On a personal scale at least, while the aerial German bombardment proved inconsequential in regards to the new king's life, it was reportedly believed to had been a cause of stress for the newly crowned George V, whom once notably wrote, "I am perhaps the most unluckiest crown prince in all of Europe after the late Franz Ferdinand, for my worst fear of being a sovereign during a time of such wretched conflicts and wars has finally came about".

Interwar Years

With Germany's surrender on November 11th 1918, George, amidst suffering an initially mild illness at the time, immediately began a vigorous effort in restoring the prestige and image of the British House of Hanover which, through the scheming of his late father, had been closely tied to the now deposed Hohenzollern royal family. For instance, upon learning of his brother-in-law's escape to the Netherlands following his abdication, George promptly enlisted the help of his brother, the then Prince Consort of the Netherlands to help coerce the former Kaiser into agreeing towards voluntarily surrendering himself to the victorious Entente leaders in order to stand trial at the international courts. However, this effort was promptly cut short when his sister-in-law, Queen Wilhelmina whom, as the Dutch monarch, refused to follow-up on the effort herself. Nevertheless, until his death several years later, George consistently remained a fierce critic of the former Kaiser, and was particularly noted for having "informally" prohibited the usage of the name William for later heir apparents, in which he declared, "From this point on, the name William, or Wilhelm must never be the name of any Kings of Britain anymore, for the names of this nation's kings and queens from now on will never live on in infamy". While this informal prohibition was welcomed and seen by many as a symbolic and patriotic gesture at the time, it was ultimately broken with the birth of his great-grandson, Prince William of Cambridge (later William VI) on December 1950.

In the remaining years of his reign, George largely concentrated his efforts on aiding a post-war Britain through the provisions of financial aid, whilst spending most of his time in Canada, which had long been his preferred country of residence, rather than in the United Kingdom.

Death

Throughout the last remaining years of his life, George consistently suffered from bouts of illnesses, initially proven to be less of a concern to doctors and alike, before gradually worsening over time. During the subsequent diagnosis, aside from the noticeable amount of stress and fatigue he inherited from his early years as king, his decision to concurrently take up smoking (a habit he had consistently opposed to in the past), presumably as a short-term relief for his longstanding grievances, was also cited by doctors to had been the primary causes for his worsening illness. Ultimately, despite routine medical examinations leading up to his death, no official statement confirming the cause of his death was ever published, while rumours of a supposed foul play were quickly suppressed, due to the lack of any substantial evidence.

On January 5th 1923, George passed away in the presence of his closest family members while residing in Rideau Hall, located in the Canadian capital city of Ottawa. As per a will written prior to his death, he was subsequently buried in a specially-made memorial in Ottawa itself, as to solidify his popular image and respect held among the local Canadian populace. His own wife, Queen Sophie, was also buried at the memorial several years later, thereby alluding to the memorial's name, George and Sophia Memorial.

Marriage

In line with his father's wishes, George's potential spouse was to be from the Hohenzollerns of Germany in order to strengthen the friendship between his father and Crown Prince Frederick of the German Empire, though the suggestion itself was not widely supported by both the British public and government. Furthermore, George's mother, Queen Charlotte had instead suggested a possible union between her son and with that of her niece, Princess Stéphanie of Belgium in order to further Anglo-Belgian relations instead, but this was promptly rejected. Undeterred, the queen consort subsequently proposed a union with the sixteeen year old daughter of the Grand Duke of Hesse, which received initial traction due to the renowned beauty of the young princess, but prospects of it were ultimately ended, due to William's adamant insistence in bettering relations with the new German Empire. A suggestion for the prince to marry one of his English relatives was also proposed, namely by William Ewart Gladstone, the newly appointed Prime Minister. Regardless, the king went ahead with his plans, informing Crown Prince Frederick of his plans in which he wrote, "Georgie would very much prefer either one of your lovely daughters for the sake of our lasting friendship".

Engagement

Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, whom George was initially engaged to prior to his marriage

Upon his arrival in Germany in 1880, George was quick to familiarise himself with the foreign German court. As the second cousin of Crown Princess Victoria, the young George was quick to bond with the latter and her family, consisting that of Crown Prince Frederick whom George greatly admired as a father-like figure and their six surviving children. In line with his designated purpose, George became rather quickly acquainted with Frederick's daughters and was initially recommended with the eldest of them all, Charlotte whose illness however nullified any prospects of a marriage. Undeterred, George began expressing a degree of consideration in marrying the second eldest daughter of the German Crown Prince, Princess Viktoria but this soon changed upon his acquaintance with Sophia, the third eldest of the group. Though Sophia was evidently much younger compared to her peers, she was spared from the problems faced by her elder sisters that had rendered them unsuitable for George. With the encouragement of both of their parents, George and Sophia were quick to familiarise themselves. However, as Sophia herself was then too young for a marriage, George was encouraged to reluctantly wait for seven more years when the princess was to become of age herself.

Lillie Langtry, an English actress whom was briefly the mistress of the then Prince of Wales

Upon his return, George found solace in a brief, three months long relationship with British socialite Lillie Langtry, whom he had met at a private upper-class party. However, the affair was cut short by the intervention of the King who subsequently paid Langtry a sum of £3,500 to buy her silence, following allegations of a pregnancy, which the latter herself then denied of George being the actual father. Following the debacle, George was promptly commissioned to Sudan where he remarkably excelled in his encounters against the Sudanese religious leader, Muhammad Ahmad. Soon after, he was summoned back to Berlin where an unexpected, hasty engagement had been arranged between the prince and Sophia's sister, Viktoria, as a way to deter him from further potential liaisons. Reportedly, while the Prince of Wales agreed to an engagement as a way to deter any unwelcomed romantic affairs, he nevertheless demanded to be engaged to someone else, namely Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, whom George had prior met due to his close relationship with the late Empress of Russia, whose name the grand duchess inherited.

The prince's alternative suggestion, whilst being perceived as slightly offensive to the German royal couple, whom were generally on good terms with the former himself, also received great scrutiny from both the British and Russian governments due to the state of animosity between them arising from geopolitical interest. Nevertheless, on approximately June 1st 1881, George departed for Russia where he was received by the new Russian Tsar, Alexander III. Upon his arrival, George wasted no time in acquainting himself with the grand duchess, with whom he first deliberated with on the possibility of an engagement between them. Almost immediately, the strong-willed Maria Alexandrovna, upon learning that she was only intended to be engaged to and not to marry the prince in the end, initially refused such an arrangement. However, prospects of a peaceful settlement between both the British and Russian empires emanating from the engagement ultimately compelled the former to accept the prince's offer. Their sudden engagement, which had only occurred within a span of a few hours after George's arrival in the Russian capital was promptly pubilcised by Tsar Alexander III, whom hailed it as a "diplomatic victory" for his country, although the Tsar himself had no prior knowledge of the arrangement. While in the United Kingdom, King William V, despite being somewhat personally anxious regarding the hypothetical conclusion of his son's sudden engagement, nevertheless accepted the arrangement, with himself later greeting the royal couple on their return to England.

Having opted on distancing himself and his fiancee from the general public, George, along with Maria Alexandrovna took up residence in Windsor Castle where they were said to had enjoyed themselves "to the fullest extent". A fluent Russian speaker himself, both George and Maria Alexandrovna would often switch on a daily basis between the three languages of English, German, and Russian whenever they converse with each other publicly. As one particular royal staff noted, "The prospect of being ultimately forbidden to marry each other never seemed to bother either of them. They were themselves, and they are enjoying it for as long as they could". In addition to their mutual proficiency in several languages and some other forms of common interest, the two generally bonded over the death of the late Empress Maria Alexandrovna, whom both George and Maria Alexandrovna were close to.

On June 1882, to the surprise of observers, as George departed for Japan, the grand duchess herself was also seen traveling alongside the former, prompting rumours of a secret marriage being already established, as their general closeness with one another was already of public knowledge. Subsequently, just a year later, when the prince accepted a gubernatorial post in Canada, the grand duchess, with George's own permission, also went alongside the former to North America. While there, despite only being engaged to one another with no exact plans for marriage so far, Maria Alexandrovna herself in particular, was mostly referred to by both the common public and some government officials as Mary, Princess of Wales, as if the two had married already, although this is most likely due to the general state of the relationship between the two, whom at one point, were described as being "inseparable" and "mutually befitting for one another".

Subsequently, for the next six years long period of their engagement, both George and Maria Alexandrovna continued to appear together on an almost regular basis, before the two finally parted ways just days prior to George's marriage to his eventual wife, Princess Sophia. Nevertheless, as the grand duchess was in turn married to George's own similarly named younger brother, the two thus remained in close proximity with one another, albeit in a much more restrained tone as to not upset their respective spouses.

Marriage

Thus, with no other options left in sight, George began to emphasise his efforts in truly bonding with the younger German princess, which was said to had been remarkably successful after just two months long. Due to the occasional leaves of Sophi's parents, the princess was at times left under the care of her British relatives, further allowing George to better familiarise himself with Sophia. Eventually, George was able to successfully sought permission from Sophia's mother, Crown Princess Victoria to bring the young princess to Canada, which George had reportedly chose to be the venue for him to then ask for Sophia's hand in marriage. However, rather unexpectedly, the proposal occurred prematurely while the pair was still en route to Canada, with Sophia instead asking for the prince's hand in marriage. The couple then hastily returned to German Empire for a brief audience with the German royal family before finally arriving in Britain, where their engagement was subsequently made public to the British royal family. Their engagement, in addition to its Anglo-German theme, was also seen as a direct unification between the two royal bloodlines of King William V's descendants with that of the former's cousin, the former Queen Victoria whom, prior to the engagement was George's first cousin, once removed before effectively becoming his grandmother-in-law.

For the next couple of months, despite initial reluctance by Crown Princess Victoria in being apart from her beloved daughter, Sophia resided with her British cousins in Buckingham Palace. As a result of her mother's Anglo-centric upbringing, the princess quickly left a positive impression of observers, with the then King William V reportedly lavishing much attention towards his soon-to-be daughter-in-law, exemplified in a letter written to Sophie's parents in which he wrote, "The young Sophie's presence here has been quite a remarkable blessing for us all, and if possible, I would wish for her to stay here for much longer". On August 1887, the couple were officially married at the Royal Chapel in St James's Palace. Encouraged by his father, the couple spent their two months long honeymoon first in Egypt, where they resided for three weeks before finally journeying to Canada. According to George himself, the young Sophia became extremely fond of the Canadian scenery which prompted the couple to designate the country as their unofficial residence for the most of their remaining years before George's own ascension to the throne in the year 1913.

Throughout their marriage, despite their contrasting Germanophile and Anglophile preferences, the two came quick to bond over the hostility shown by Sophia's brother Wilhelm whom unlike the two greatly detested Britain and almost anything English. Coupled with the relatively hostile environment in England, stemming from a tense disagreement between George and his father over the latter's military conducts, then compensated by the growing anti-German sentiment, the couple chose first to reside at the Edinburgh Palace before subsequently relocating further west to the Rideau Hall in Canada, where they became well-known and loved for their outspoken liberal lifestyle. Subsequently, the couple actively indulged themselves in philanthropic activities and were notably credited for the rapid modernisation of Canada's infrastructure, ranging from railways to public universities, with one such institution based in the capital city of Ottawa named after the princely couple.

Personal Information

Titles & Honours

  • 3 January 1862 - 28 January 1862 His Royal Highness The Duke of Cornwall
  • 28 January 1862 - 30 January 1913 His Royal Highness The Prince of Wales
  • 30 January 1913 - 5 January 1923 His Majesty The King

Honours

Ancestry