Manjugurun: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox country | {{Infobox country | ||
|conventional_long_name = Republic of Manjugurun | |conventional_long_name = Republic of Manjugurun | ||
|native_name = Манҗу Гурун | |native_name = Манҗу Гурун | ||
|common_name = Manjugurun | |common_name = Manjugurun | ||
|image_flag = Flag of Manchukuo.svg | |image_flag = Flag of Manchukuo.svg | ||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
|ethnic_groups = | |ethnic_groups = | ||
{{unbulleted list | {{unbulleted list | ||
| 44% | | 44% {{W|Manchus}} | ||
| 38% | | 38% {{W|Chinese|Nikan}} | ||
| 9% | | 9% {{W|Koreans}} | ||
| 3% | | 3% {{W|Mongols}} | ||
| 2% | | 2% {{W|Russians}} | ||
|1.7% | |1.7% {{W|Japanese}} | ||
|2.3% | |2.3% {{W|others}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
|ethnic_groups_year = 2010 | |ethnic_groups_year = 2010 | ||
|demonym = {{hlist |{{W|Manchu|Manju}} {{Ref label|b|b}} }} | |demonym = {{hlist |{{W|Manchu|Manju}} {{Ref label|b|b}} }} | ||
|capital = | |capital = {{W|Changchun|Cacungga}} | ||
|largest_city = | |largest_city = {{W|Mukden}} | ||
|government_type = {{nowrap|[[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Semi-presidential system|parliamentary]]}} [[state]] | |government_type = {{nowrap|[[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Semi-presidential system|parliamentary]]}} [[state]] | ||
|leader_title1 = [[President]] | |leader_title1 = [[President]] | ||
Revision as of 01:24, 16 December 2022
Republic of Manjugurun Манҗу Гурун | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Emblem
| |
Anthem:
| |
 location of Manchuria in green | |
| Capital | Cacungga |
| Largest city | Mukden |
| Official languages | Manchu (official and national), Kyowa-go, Mandarin, Russian, Korean, Japanese, Mongolian |
| Official scripts | Manchu Cyrillic Manchu script |
| Ethnic groups (2010) | |
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary state |
| Baigiya Dorolon | |
| Citela Sucun | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Formation | |
| formed 1115 | |
| formed 1636 | |
| 1932 | |
• Manju People's Republic was established | February 1, 1946 |
• Sorghum Revolution | October 3, 1990 |
• Current Constitution | March 1, 1991 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,260,000 km2 (490,000 sq mi) (18th) |
• Water (%) | 5.4 |
| Population | |
• 2017 estimate | 121,163,770 (134th) |
• Density | 96.1/km2 (248.9/sq mi) (67th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $4.50 trillion |
• Per capita | $37,084 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $4.06 trillion |
• Per capita | $33,493 |
| Gini (2013) | 36.5 medium |
| HDI (2015) |  0.765high |
| Currency | Muheren (MNM) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 |
| Date format | yyyy.mm.dd (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +976 |
| ISO 3166 code | MN |
| Internet TLD | .mj, .ман |
Manjugurun is an independent state located in East Asia. It is bordered on the north by Russia, on the west by Mongolia, on the southwest by China, and on the southeast by Korea. Cacungga is the capital, and Mukden, the former capital, is the largest city. It has one of the world's largest populations, with 121,204,300 people. Manjugurun is a country formed by numerous ethnic groups such as the Sarpi, the Khitans, and the Jurchen which became the Manchus. After invading China in the 1600s, it established the Qing Dynasty until 1911. It fell under Japanese domination in 1932 and a puppet state was established there. After the Second World War, it became a Soviet satellite and after the fall of communism in 1991, it adopted representative democracy, but not without controversy.
History
Prehistoric and ancient eras
Several ethnic groups, including the Evenki, the Nanai, the Ulchs, the Khitans, and the Jurchens, inhabited today's Manjugurun in ancient times. Several Chinese dynasties ruled over parts of Manjugurun at various times throughout the history of the Manchus, usually along the coasts. The Chinese also established tributary relationships with the tribes.
Manjus was also ruled by the Korean kingdoms of Goguryeo, Gojoseon, and Buyeo. The Korean kingdoms may feature sizable Tungusic-speaking minorities and perhaps a Tungusic aristocracy, according to Finnish scientist Juha Janhunen. The ancestors of the Jurchens were made to serve as tributaries when the Khitans of Inner Mongolia and Manjugurun created the Liao kingdom, which ruled over Northern China and Manjugurun, between the tenth and eleventh centuries. The earliest organized state that arose from Manchurian territory was the Khitan empire.