Manjugurun: Difference between revisions
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===Modern Era=== | ===Modern Era=== | ||
Manchuria was struck by the {{W|Covid-19 Pandemic}}, and was criticized for strict lockdowns. However, the Manjurian government also criticized the Chinese government for failing to stop the spread of the virus. | |||
==Government== | ==Government== | ||
Revision as of 00:28, 18 December 2022
Republic of Manjugurun Манҗу Гурун | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Emblem
| |
Anthem:
| |
 location of Manchuria in green | |
| Capital | Cacungga |
| Largest city | Mukden |
| Official languages | Manchu (official and national), Kyowa-go, Mandarin, Russian, Korean, Japanese, Mongolian |
| Official scripts | Manchu Cyrillic Manchu script |
| Ethnic groups (2010) | |
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary state |
| Baigiya Dorolon | |
| Citela Sucun | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Formation | |
| formed 1115 | |
| formed 1636 | |
| 1932 | |
• Manju People's Republic was established | February 1, 1946 |
• Sorghum Revolution | October 3, 1990 |
• Current Constitution | March 1, 1991 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,260,000 km2 (490,000 sq mi) (18th) |
• Water (%) | 5.4 |
| Population | |
• 2017 estimate | 121,163,770 (134th) |
• Density | 96.1/km2 (248.9/sq mi) (67th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $4.50 trillion |
• Per capita | $37,084 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $4.06 trillion |
• Per capita | $33,493 |
| Gini (2013) | 36.5 medium |
| HDI (2015) |  0.765high |
| Currency | Muheren (MNM) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 |
| Date format | yyyy.mm.dd (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +976 |
| ISO 3166 code | MN |
| Internet TLD | .mj, .ман |
Manjugurun is an independent state located in East Asia. It is bordered on the north by Russia, on the west by Mongolia, on the southwest by China, and on the southeast by Korea. Cacungga is the capital, and Mukden, the former capital, is the largest city. It has one of the world's largest populations, with 121,204,300 people. Manjugurun is a country formed by numerous ethnic groups such as the Sarpi, the Khitans, and the Jurchen which became the Manchus. After invading China in the 1600s, it established the Qing Dynasty until 1911. It fell under Japanese domination in 1932 and a puppet state was established there. After the Second World War, it became a Soviet satellite and after the fall of communism in 1991, it adopted representative democracy amid a tumultous end to the 20th century.
History
Prehistoric and ancient eras
Several ethnic groups, including the Evenki, the Nanai, the Ulchs, the Khitans, and the Jurchens, inhabited today's Manjugurun in ancient times. Several Chinese dynasties ruled over parts of Manjugurun at various times throughout the history of the Manjus, usually along the coasts. The Chinese also established tributary relationships with the tribes.
Manjus was also ruled by the Korean kingdoms of Goguryeo, Gojoseon, and Buyeo. The Korean kingdoms may feature sizable Tungusic-speaking minorities and perhaps a Tungusic aristocracy, according to Finnish scientist Juha Janhunen. The ancestors of the Jurchens were made to serve as tributaries when the Khitans of Inner Mongolia and Manjugurun created the Liao empire, which included Northern China and Manjugurun, between the tenth and eleventh centuries.
By the early 12th century, the Jurchens, a tributary people of the Khitans, had revolted against Liao rule and been replaced by the Jin Dynasty. The Jurchen were able to capture territory in northern China thanks to numerous campaigns against the Song. The Mongolian Yuan Dynasty eventually conquered the Jurchens. Manjugurun, along with Northern Korea, was known as Liaoyang during Mongolian rule. Naghachu, a Mongolian Yuan official in Liaoyang, attempted to conquer the rest of the Ming-held Liaodong peninsula in 1375, but his forces were defeated and surrendered. The Nurgan Regional Military Commission was established by Ming Emperor Yongle to consolidate control of the Manju lands.
Chafing from Ming control, the Jianzhou Jurchens, led by Nurhaci, began to consolidate their control of the region in the 1580s. They had to deal with the Evenki-Daur alliance led by Bombogor, who was eventually killed in 1640 and his remaining troops incorporated into the Eight Banners, a new Jurchen military organisation. During this time, Chinese cultural influence permeated the Manjurian region.
Qing era
era of Japanese ascendancy
Communist era
Modern Era
Manchuria was struck by the Covid-19 Pandemic, and was criticized for strict lockdowns. However, the Manjurian government also criticized the Chinese government for failing to stop the spread of the virus.
Government
Manjugurun is a unitary semi-presidential republic. Manchuria is classified as partially free by the non-governmental organisation Freedom House. The President (Beile) is the country's recognised head of state; he is elected by the people for a five-year term that can be renewed only once in a re-election. He chooses the Prime Minister (Ejen) who is the head cabinet minister. The President's personal residence is the so-called "Joogiya's Mansion," the former Kwantung Army commander's mansion during the Manchukuo era.