Orientia

Federal Republic of The Orient 동연방국 Republik Federal Timur (Indonesian) 東連邦国 (Japanese) 东联邦国 (Chinese) Pederalna Republika ng Silanganan (Tagalog) Восточная Федеративная Pеспублика (Russian)
Flag
Motto:     "균형전진" Advance for Balance (English)
Anthem:   "조국찬가" An Ode to Motherland (English)
Capital	Hanyang (Economic) Pyeongyang (Administrative)
Largest city	Hanyang Pyeongyang Tokyo Shenzhen Shanghai
Official languages	Korean Japanese Chinese Mongolian Russian Nusantaran
Ethnic groups	52% East Oriental 27% Southeast Oriental 15% East Slavic 6% Indigenous peoples
Religion	38% Taoism 25% Christianity 22% Sunni Islam 8.2% Buddhism 6% Shintoism 0.8% Folk Beliefs
Demonym(s)	Oriental
Government	Federal Presidential Constitutional Republic
• President	Nam Ki-Hyun
• Prime Minister	Roman Skakunov
• House Speaker	Wang Yixuan
• Chief Justice	Daigo Murata
Legislature	Federal Congress
• Upper house	Federal Senate
• Lower house	Federal Representatives
Establishment
• Independent Nations	1776~2040
• Pan-Asian Alliance	2041
• Treaty of Taipei	August 17, 2042
• Republic Established	August 19, 2042
Area
• Total	9,879,656 km2 (3,814,557 sq mi)
Population
• 2048 estimate	1,450,762,374
• Density	153/km2 (396.3/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)	2046 estimate
• Total	$50.64 trillion
• Per capita	$40,754
HDI (2048)	0.853 very high
Currency	Oriental Won (₩)
Driving side	right (majority of the country left (Japanese state only)
Internet TLD	.or

Orientia, officially known as Republic of The Orient (Korean: 동연방국; /tongyʌn paŋkuk/) or simply The Orient is a federal republic primarily located in the Asia, it is bordered by Nusantara to the south, Russia to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the east, Turkestan to the west. At 9 million square kilometers (3 million square miles), it is one of the world's largest country by total area. It is the most populous country in the world with 1.4 billion people, and its capital city is Hanyang.

The region of what it is today Orientia, historically was one of the oldest inhabited places on the planet and home to one of the oldest civilizations; the Chinese civilization, considered one of the first cradles of civilization. Other ancient civilizations in the region that still exist today are the Japanese, Korean, and Mongolian civilizations. Various other civilizations existed as independent polities in the east in the past, but were absorbed into neighboring civilizations in modern times. Taeman Island has a relatively recent history in the area after the prehistoric era; Originally, it was an important site of Austronesian civilization before colonization by European colonial powers and Tianxia from the 17th century. For thousands of years, China was the dominant civilization in the region until World War 3 in 2040.

Orientia is currently governed as a federal republic. It is is a permanent member of the Earth League Security Council. It ranks among the highest in measurements of civil liberties, government transparency, freedom of the press, freedom of religion and ethnic minorities.

Orientia is a recognized nuclear-weapon state with the world's largest standing army by military personnel, taking China's army as its own, as well as its defense systems. Its is considered to be a regional superpower due to its large markets, high innovation, economic potential, growing military strength, and influence in international affairs. Being one of the largest spiritual nation and having the highest concentration of Hunters in the world (2% of its population), Orientia is the leading country in hunter management, and hunter education in the world.

Etymology

The name for the Orientia in Korean is written 동연방국 (pronounced Dongyeon Bangguk, meaning "Federal Republic of The East"), but often shorten as Dongguk or Tongguk. The characters 동국 mean "eastern country" or "country in the eastern edge". Dongguk (동국) is typically used to refer to the country adjectivally. Before 동국 was adopted in 2043, the pre-Orientia countries were known as China (exonym from Qin, fomerly a dynasty in China. The name of the country in Chinese, 中国, literally means "central empire"), Korea (from Goryeo, 고려, meaning "walled city" ), and Russia (Россия, meaning "country of Rus").  

Orientia, the name of the country in English is the combination of orient meaning "east" and suffix -ia meaning land, which is the literal transliteration of the Korean name for the country. The word orient derived from Middle Anglican orient, oriente, oryent, oryente, oryentte (“the east direction; eastern horizon or sky; eastern regions of the world, Orient; eastern edge of the world”), borrowed from Old French orient (“east direction; Asia, Orient”), or directly from its etymon Latin oriēns (“the east; daybreak, dawn; sunrise; (participle) rising; appearing; originating”).

In English, a citizen of Orientia is called an "Oriental". The word "Oriental" also refer to the country adjectivally ("Oriental values", "Oriental forces").

History

Antiquity

Ancient Chinese Dynasties and Mongolian Rulers

The Xia Dynasty of China (c.2100 BC to c.1600 BC) was the first dynasty described in ancient historical records such as Sima Qian's Taishi Ji and Bamboo Years.

This was followed by the Shang Dynasty, which ruled the Yellow River Valley. Classical depictions of Shang come from texts such as the Book of Documents, Bamboo Annals, and Records of the Grand Historian.

Later, Zhou Dynasty came and ruled from 1046–256 BC, lasted the longest of any dynasty in Chinese history. The actual political and military rule of China by a dynasty called Ji, lasted only until 771 B.C.E., in the period known as the Western Zhou. This period in Chinese history produced what many consider to be the pinnacle of Chinese bronze ware manufacturing. Dynasty also includes the period during which the writing of characters evolved into modern forms using ancient sacred characters that emerged in the late Sengoku period.

At the same time, the regions of present-day Mongolia and Inner Mongolia were inhabited by nomads. The cultures and languages of these regions were fluid and changed frequently. The use of horses for herding and locomotion began in the Iron Age. Most of Mongolia was under the influence of Turkic peoples, while the southwestern part of Mongolia was mainly under the influence of Indo-European peoples, such as the Tocharians and Scythians. In ancient times, the eastern part of Inner and Outer Mongolia was inhabited by Mongols and many other tribes descended from East Lake.

These were Tengrist pastoral kingdoms that were in close contact with the agricultural Chinese. The East Lake, a nomadic federation of various clans, existed in the 4th century BC. They constantly harassed the state of Zhao in China (325 BC, early in Wuling's reign). To appease the nomads, Chinese rulers often provided important hostages and arranged marriages. In 208 BC, the Xiongnu emperor Modu Changyu defeated Donghu, which split into new tribes of Xianbei and Wufang, in his first major campaign. The Xiongnu were the greatest nomadic enemies of the Han dynasty, and after more than three centuries of war with the Han dynasty, they were disbanded. Xenbei then returned to rule the grasslands north of the Great Wall. The titles Kangan and Khan are derived from Xenbei.

Korean Peninsula and relation with Japan

The Three Kingdoms of Korea

Meanwhile, in the Korean peninsula, there was a kingdom named Gojoseon, claimed to be born in 2333 BC. Founded by Dangun, who is said to be a descendant of the heavenly son and bear woman. Gojoseon spread its own culture to Liaoning and the Taedong River basin. In 108 BC, the Han dynasty of China, led by Emperor Wu, invaded and conquered the Five Joseon dynasties. The Han installed four commanders to manage the former Gojoseon territory. After the 3rd-century schism of the Han Empire and his subsequent chaotic 4th century, the region was taken by the Chinese and recaptured by the Goguryeo Empire in 313. In 58 BC, the Korean peninsula was divided into three kingdoms: Baekje, Silla, and Goguryeo. Despite sharing a similar language and culture, these three kingdoms were constantly at war with each other for control of the peninsula. In addition, Goguryeo was engaged in constant wars with China. These included the Goguryeo-Sui War, in which the Goguryeo Kingdom successfully repulsed the Sui dynasty's invading forces.

Silla joined forces with Tang and turned their attention to Goguryeo. The Silla-Tang Alliance won the Goguryeo-Tang War. Thus, in 668, Silla unified most of the Korean Peninsula. The kingdom's dependence on China's Tang dynasty paid a price. Silla had to vigorously resist the imposition of Chinese control over the entire peninsula. Silla then fought for nearly a decade to drive out the Chinese army and finally establish a unified kingdom as far north as present-day Pyongyang.

On the other hand, the Japanese archipelago was settled more than 30,000 years ago, connected by land bridges to Japan and Korea. As sea levels rose, four major islands began to form about 20,000 years ago, and the land connecting present-day Japan with mainland Asia disappeared completely between 15,000 and 10,000 years ago. After that, migration across the Korean peninsula continued, and the Korean peninsula was the main route of cultural exchange between Japan and mainland Asia until the Middle Ages. The myths of ancient Japan, for example, are the Japanese creation myth and the ties of the emperor to the sun goddess Amaterasu Omikami.

It was also during this era, Taoism was founded. Which eventually became one of the official religion of Orientia.

Medieval, Renaissance to Modern Era

The Decline of Silla and Mongol Invasion

In Korean peninsula, Silla slowly began to decline, and the resulting power vacuum saw the rise of several rebellious states, adopting the old historical names of the ancient kingdoms of Korea. Gyeong Hwon, a Silla army officer, took over the old Baekje territory and proclaimed him king of Ho Baekje ("Later Baekje"). Meanwhile, Goguryeo's Buddhist monk leader, Gung Ik, proclaimed a new Goguryeo state in the north, known as Later Goguryeo (Post-Goguryeo). A protracted power struggle for control of the peninsula ensued.

In 918, Gong Yi was deposed by his own generals and his former chancellor Wang Jian assumed the throne. Gung Ye is said to have fled the palace, but was killed shortly thereafter by soldiers or peasants who mistook him for a thief. After his death, Wang Geon, would later be known as King Taejo.

Shortly thereafter, the Goryeo dynasty was proclaimed, and Taejo defeated rivals Silla and Hu-Baekje in 936 to reunify the three kingdoms. After the Liao dynasty destroyed Balhae in 927, Balhae's last crown prince and many of the ruling classes took refuge in Goryeo, where they were given a warm welcome and land by Taejo. In addition, according to Korean historians, Taejo incorporated the crown prince of Balhae into the Goryeo royal family and unified his two successor states of Goguryeo, achieving "true national unification of Korea".

In the early 13th century, in 1206, Genghis Khan united the Mongol tribes into a unified Mongol empire. The Mongols conquered most of modern East Asia. Meanwhile, China is divided into five states, which gave the opportunity for the Mongol army to invade northern China in 1211. Later in 1234, Ogedei Khan overthrew the Jin dynasty.

Northern China was annexed by the Mongol Empire. In 1231, the Mongols launched an invasion of Korea and quickly conquered all Goryeo territories outside the southernmost tip. The Goryeo royal family retreated to the sea outside Seoul on Ganghwa Island. Goryeo was divided, and the opposition forces resisted until 1275.

At the same time, Japan was seriously threatened by the Yuan forces from the East Asian mainland. In 1274, Kublai Khan appointed Yudu in order to recruit Marshal Dongdu to command the Yuan forces. Han Bing and the Goryeo army began the first expedition to Japan. The Yuan dynasty invaded Japan in two separate invasions, both of which were disrupted by natural typhoons. These two invasions both occupied the town of Kitakyushu before being swept into the sea. At the time the Yuan dynasty fleet was the largest fleet in the history of the world.

In order to cope with the nationwide mobilization of the powerful Yuan army, Japan's economy and military were placed under severe pressure. The Japanese Kamakura Shogunate had difficulty compensating its soldiers who had defended the country, which intensified the contradiction between the domestic warrior groups. The ruling system collapsed in the first half of the 14th century.

It was also at this era, gunpowder and paper printing were developed by chinese scientists.

Renaissance to Modern Era

Korean Peninsula

At the end of the Goryeo Dynasty, there was a great general named Lee Sung Gye. The King of Goryeo ordered him to capture Yeodong, but he resisted. However, although Yi Sung-gye occupied Yodong, he returned to Goryeo and rebelled. His uprising was successful and he established the nation of Korea. Taejo, the first king of Joseon, moved his capital to Hanyang (Seoul). Sejong, the fourth king of Joseon, created Hangul, the Korean alphabet. The 22nd King Jeongjo of Joseon built Hwaseong in Suwon. King Gojong, the 26th King of Joseon, renamed himself the Korean Empire. As the power of the Korean empire weakened, Japan occupied it for 35 years until its defeat in World War II in 1945. In 1950 there was a large and deadly war, the Korean War, in which millions were killed. As a result, Korea was divided into north and south until 2040.

Mongolia

By the late 17th century, most of Mongolia was part of the Qing dynasty. After the Qing Dynasty fell in 1911, Mongolia declared its independence. But they had to fight the Chinese, supported by the Soviet Union. In 1921 the world accepted their independence. Shortly after the death of Mongolia's last monarch, Bogd Khan, the monarchy was replaced by a communist government in 1924 and the country was renamed the People's Republic of Mongolia. Mongolia was a satellite state of the Soviet Union until the Soviet Union collapsed. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russian interest in Mongolia waned. Mongolia became an independent country, until 2040.

Japan

Japan was an isolationist state until the 16th century, where they started to trade with Portuguese, Dutch, and American merchants in the 1800s, resulted in Template:WP. Meiji Restoration of 1868 ended some old methods and added many new ones; the Empire of Japan was established, becoming a powerful nation and attempting to invade neighboring countries. It invaded and annexed the Template:WP, Taiwan, and Korea. It also went to war with China and Russia.

In 1918, World War I allowed Japan, on the side of the victorious Allies, to conquer German territory in the Pacific and China. It became part of World War II when Japan was allied with Germany and Fascist Italy.

Japan's surrender to the Allied Forces

In 1941, Japan attacked the US seaborne base Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, destroying or damaging many ships and aircraft. This started the US involvement in World War II. American and Japanese forces fought each other in the Pacific. Once air bases were established within range of mainland Japan, the United States began to emerge victorious and began dropping bombs on Japanese cities. The United States was able to bombard most of the major cities and quickly brought Japan close to defeat. To force Japan to surrender, the United States dropped two atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing 150,000 Japanese. Shortly thereafter, the Soviets began fighting Japan, and Japanese forces in Manchuria were defeated. Japan surrendered and renounced all positions it had seized from other countries by accepting the Postdam Declaration. The United States occupied Japan from her September 1945 to her April 1952, forcing Japan to draw up a new constitution. Japan joined the United Nations in 1956, and remained a constitutional monarchy until 2040.

China

During the Renaissance, European powers began to dominate the rest of Asia. Around this time, opium was rampant in China. From the 18th century onwards, foreign traders (mostly Template:WP) illegally exported opium to China, mainly from India, but this trade increased dramatically from around 1820 onwards. As a result, widespread addiction in China has caused severe social and economic turmoil. This led to what is known as the First Opium War. The First Opium War between China and Great Britain lasted from 1839 to 1842. The dispute was the result of years of British attempts to use China as a market for British goods. Britain eventually relied on its superior military power to force a lucrative Chinese market, imposing illegal opium trade on the Chinese people.

Chiang Kai-Sek and Mao Ze-Dong

Although China was never actually taken over by Europeans, many European countries such as Britain and France established spheres of influence in China. Cut off from the rest of the world by the Qing dynasty for centuries, China was technologically behind the rest of the world and could not prevent this. This was evident in the 19th century when Britain lost the Opium Wars.

In 1912, Sun Yat-sen and the Nationalist Party overthrew the monarchy and founded the Republic of China. Over time, Marxist ideas became popular and the Communist Party was formed, which resulted in Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang (nationalists) of the Republic of China (ROC) and the communists of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The communists wanted China to be like the Soviet Union, while the other side wanted to keep China the way it was then. Communists were led by Mao Zedong. Communists won the war and acquired mainland China, founded the People's Republic of China in Beijing on October 1, 1949. The nationalists (led by Chiang Kai-shek) fled to the island of Taiwan and established a new capital in Taipei. While the PRC collapsed during World War 3, the ROC (Republic of China) was absorbed by Nusantara.

Pre-Independence

Independent countries before Orientia collapsed in 2038 after the World War 3. Otherworld invasion ravaged multiple countries, which, resulted in retaliation by human forces using nuclear weapons. Asia also suffered from the global conflict. The territory of China was the location where otherworld portals appeared the most; millions of Chinese citizens escaped the country, as the military was forced to use their nuclear arsenal on their own country--which flattened the land instead of giving damages to the otherworlders. The far eastern part of Russia was used as a safe haven for chinese people. Russia, albeit having their government and military weakened due to the invasion of Ukraine in 2022, managed to survive due to the appearances of superhumans known as Hunters, fend off the otherworlders and closed otherworlder's portals. The Korean peninsula, Japanese islands, Southeast Asia and South Asia were fairly safe, as Korean, Japanese, Indian, and Indonesian hunters joined hand to fend off the otherworlders back to China. Western Asia was the only safe haven, as Saudi Arabia had the most hunters at the time, even went as far as building mana-imbued fences surrounding the area. Oceania was the only continent safe from otherworlders, due to lack of portals and their geographical distance from Asia, Africa and the Americas.

European countries, mostly due to the UK and Russia, also managed to keep their continent clean from otherworlders. North America, however, suffered the same fate as China, leaving the continent balkanized into Confederate States of America, California Republic, New England, Quebec, and Columbia. Most of its mid-west territories were either controlled by otherworlders (centered in Ohio) or extremely radioactive to live in. South America and Africa managed to survive, albeit with heavy casualties and irreparable damages.

The Russian government, along with South Korea, United Kingdom, India, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia and Australia, established the Earth League as the successor of the collapsed United Nations. The league had decided to make a partition plan for the war-torn Europe and Asia. The partition plan underwent several changes until the final change was approved under the Treaty of Taipei in 2043. United Kingdom were given partitioned areas of Western Europe, Central Europe and Southern Europe, while Russia was given control over Eastern Europe. All these changes brought in the return of historical nations, for example, Livonia, Kalmaria (in the form of a republic), and Yugoslavia. In Asia, South Korea and Japan joined hand to establish Orientia, taking Chinese territories in a seemingly impossible political alliance. While Indonesia and Malaysia controlled over Southeast Asia, resulting in the creation of Nusantara. Ramad I is the current ruling monarch of Nusantara. Western Asia and South Asia was the only area on earth unaffected by partition plans.

Politics

Government

According to the Oriental Constitution, the country is an federation and semi-presidential republic, wherein the president is the head of state, and the prime minister is the head of government. Orientia is fundamentally structured as a multi-party representative democracy, with the federal government composed of three branches:

• Legislative: The bicameral Federal Congress, made up of the 300-member Representatives and the 100-member Senators, adopts federal law, declares war, approves treaties, has the power of the purse and the power of impeachment of the president.
• Executive: The President is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, can veto legislation before it is enacted, and appoints the Oriental Government (Cabinet) and other officials to administer and enforce federal laws and policies.
• Judiciary: The Constitutional Court, Supreme Court and lower federal courts, are appointed by the Federal Senate on the recommendation of the President to interpret and repeal laws deemed unconstitutional.

The president is elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term, but not for a third consecutive term). The government branch consists of the prime minister and his/her ministers. All are appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Prime Minister (the Prime Minister's appointments require parliamentary approval).

Administrative divisions

According to the constitution, the Union is comprised of 48 federal subjects. The federal subjects have equal representation—two delegates each—in the Senate, the upper house of the Federal Congress.

• States

This is the highest type of federal subject, with a governor and locally elected legislature. There are 5 (five) states, China, North Korea, South Korea, and Japan. States are further divided into provinces/prefectures and cities, which are in turn subdivided into districts;

• Provinces

Provinces are the second-highest federal subject. It is an administrative or political subdivision of a state that consists of a geographic region with specific boundaries and usually some level of governmental authority. Along with the common provinces, there are four types of special administrative divisions with equal status: special city, metropolitan city, and special self-governing city. There are 40 provinces; 14 in the state of China, 18 in both state of North Korea and South Korea, and 8 in the state of Japan.

• Districts

Districts are a widely used unit of local government that is subordinate to a province.

• Special City

Special cities are federal subjects that attain the same level as provinces, and is the capital of the state they're in. The Mayor is directly elected by the people registered in the city for a duration of four years. Currently, there are only four special cities; Hanyang, Beijing, Osaka, and Tokyo.

• Metropolitan City

Metropolitcan cities hold the same level of autonomy as special cities; the difference being they're simply the largest city in their respective state. Examples of metroppolitan cities are; Busan, Chongjin, Sinuiju, Shanghai, Yokohama, Hokkaido.

• Special Self-Governing City

Special self-governing city is the only type of federal subject governed by a mayor that is directly elected by the parliament. Pyongyang is the only self-governing city.