List of tlatoque of Atitlan: Difference between revisions

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[[Image:Coat of Arms of Atitlán.png|thumb|150px|Current banner of the Atitlanese Royal Family]]
[[Image:Coat of Arms of Atitlán.png|thumb|150px|Current banner of the Atitlanese Royal Family]]
This is a list of ''tlatoque'' of the country of Atitlan. By ''tlatoque'', it is generally understood as the one who governs Atitlan, being a synonym of the most commonly used term ''tlatoani''. The ''tlatoani'' title has existed since the establishment of the different city-states in the current territory of Atitlan. The office of ''tlatoque'' has been abolished twice: one in 1564 and the other one in 1947.
This is a list of ''tlatoque'' of the country of [[Atitlan]]. By ''tlatoque'', it is generally understood as the one who governs Atitlan, being a synonym of the most commonly used term ''tlatoani''. The ''tlatoani'' title has existed since the establishment of the different city-states in the current territory of Atitlan. The office of ''tlatoque'' has been abolished twice: one in 1564 and the other one in 1947.


== Early Atitlan (1235-1295) ==
== Early Atitlan (1235-1295) ==
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|'''Ixtaccíhuatl''' <br />{{small|''María Fernández de los Ángeles''}}
|'''Ixtaccíhuatl''' <br />{{small|''María Fernández de los Ángeles''}}
|1867-1897<br><small>(30 years)</small>
|1865-1897<br><small>(32 years)</small>
|Daughter of the president of the Imperial Courts. Under her reign, Atitlan oversaw a period of centralization and strengthening of the Empire, even after the 500 Days War. Disciplined and highly successful ruler, regarded as one of the best rulers of Atitlan.
|Daughter of the president of the Imperial Courts. Under her reign, Atitlan oversaw a period of centralization and strengthening of the Empire, even after the 500 Days War. Disciplined and highly successful ruler, regarded as one of the best rulers of Atitlan.
| Died of natural causes  
| Died of natural causes  
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|-
|-
|}
|}


== Nationalist rule (1946-1971) ==
== Nationalist rule (1946-1971) ==
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||[[File:Dulce María Sauri Riancho.jpg|frameless|80px]]
||[[File:Dulce María Sauri Riancho.jpg|frameless|80px]]
|'''[[Macuilxochtzin]]''' <br />{{small|''Dulce Macuilxochitzin Hernández Sariñana''}}
|'''[[Macuilxochitzin]]''' <br />{{small|''Dulce Macuilxochitzin Hernández Sariñana''}}
|2019-Present Day<br><small>(5 years)</small>
|2019-Present Day<br><small>(5 years)</small>
|Daughter of Chimalpilli. Appointed by the Imperial Courts after her father's abdication.
|Daughter of Chimalpilli. Appointed by the Imperial Courts after her father's abdication.

Latest revision as of 13:53, 6 August 2023

Current banner of the Atitlanese Royal Family

This is a list of tlatoque of the country of Atitlan. By tlatoque, it is generally understood as the one who governs Atitlan, being a synonym of the most commonly used term tlatoani. The tlatoani title has existed since the establishment of the different city-states in the current territory of Atitlan. The office of tlatoque has been abolished twice: one in 1564 and the other one in 1947.

Early Atitlan (1235-1295)

Portrait Name Reign Succession and notes Life details
Généalogie des seigneurs de Tenochtitlan - fragment - Atotoztli.jpg Atlacatle
Atlakatl
c. 1235–1295 (?)
(60 years?)
Legendary founder of Chalatenango; historicity unconfirmed. According to legend, Atlacatle was the first human leader of the Atlacatle people, succeeding the water god Nonohualco. Next to nothing known.

Monarchic period (1295-1535)

Atitlanese Empire (1813-1951)

Portrait Name Reign Succession and notes Life details
Xochiquentzin II
José Luis Motelchiuh
c. 1813–1827
(14 years)
Appointed by himself after the Dynastic Union, which saw the three major cities at the time - Chalatenango, Atitalaquiac and Atlixco- unifying into a single functional state. Died of natural causes.
Panitzin Xocoyotzin
Gabriel Domingo López
1828–1833
(5 years)
General of the Imperial Army and appointed by the Council of Elders after Xochiquentzin's death. Impeached by the Council of Elders and deposed after an attempt to disband the newly created Imperial Courts. Commited suicide on 1835.
Quetzin
Álvaro Cortázar Zárate
1834-1846
(12 years)
First cousin of Xochiquentzin II. His reign created the colonial authority, which oversaw the solidification of Atitlanese rule in Sainuco, Abala, Bergenaria and Mava. He also oversaw an age of impressive construction works and far-ranging conquests. Died of illness, most likely the Cocoliztli.
Cecetzin
Juan Pablo Zárate
1847-1856
(9 years)
Brother of Quetzin. Although he was sickly, Cecetzin oversaw the expansion and beautification of Chalatenango and the establishment of new outposts far from central imperial territory. Forced to relinquish power due to weakness. Presumably poisoned afterwards.
Cipac II
Edelmiro Gutiérrez
1857-1862
(6 years)
Commoner who had previously served as calpixqui (a minor political office). Appointed at the last minute by the Imperial Courts. Killed in a flood of Chalatenango.
Mazatzin
Esteban Zárate
1863-1864
(1 year)
Son of Quetzin. His tenure as tlatoani was plagued by the 500 Days War. Several accounts exist; possibly commited suicide or killed during a speech by anarchist factions.
Huematzin
Ulises López
December 1864-March 1865
(4 months)
Commoner and a distinguished military captain. Swiftly appointed by the Council of Elders after Mazatzin's death, acting more like a interim tlatoani. Charged with plotting with liberal factions and later executed.
Ixtaccíhuatl
María Fernández de los Ángeles
1865-1897
(32 years)
Daughter of the president of the Imperial Courts. Under her reign, Atitlan oversaw a period of centralization and strengthening of the Empire, even after the 500 Days War. Disciplined and highly successful ruler, regarded as one of the best rulers of Atitlan. Died of natural causes
Huitzilíhuitl
Raymundo Fernández Aotola
1898-1907
(9 years)
Son of Ixtaccíhuatl. Oversaw World War I and the First Bergenarian-Atitlanese War. Atitlan as a whole was transformed into a more militarized people in the time of Huitzilihuitil. Removed by the Imperial Courts in a vote of no confidence. Died of natural causes in 1926.
Tizoc III
Isidoro Vargas
1908-1919
(11 years)
Commoner and appointed by the Imperial Courts on the suggestion of the Atlacatle nobility. Credited with the opening of Atitlan to the broader world. Died of natural causes
Atotoztli V
Yalitza Higareda de los Ángeles
1920-1939
(19 years)
Granddaughter of Ixtaccíhuatl. Elected as tlatoani after Tizoc's death. Oversaw the collapse of the Atitlanese colonial empire, Atitlan's entrance in World War II, the independence of Sainuco and Abala and the abolition of the Council of Elders. Died of illness.
Quatlecoatl
Esteban Moncayo
1940-1946
(19 years)
Second cousin of Tizoc III. Led fierce resistance during the Atitlanese Civil War against the nationalist and liberal factions, but was captured and defeated in 1945. Retained position and title under Nationalist rule but held in custody. Charged with plotting and hanged by Henrique Sarmiento in 1946.

Nationalist rule (1946-1971)

The nationalists of Atitlan decided to not appoint any tlatoques during the rule of Henrique Sarmiento. The role of tlatoani was replaced with the title of Caudillo.

A tlatoque would not be appointed again until Sarmiento's death in 1971.

Kingdom of Atitlan (1971 - Present Day)

Portrait Name Reign Succession and notes Life details
Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano - Febrero 2022 2.jpg Chimalpilli
Pedro Chimalpilli Saviñón Hernández
1972-2018
(46 years)
Fourth cousin of Ixtaccíhuatl. Politically skilled, Atitlan enjoyed the effects of the transition to democracy and economical growth. The remaining colony of the empire, Mava was granted self-governing rights. Abdicated in 2018. Considered an emeritus tlatoani.
Dulce María Sauri Riancho.jpg Macuilxochitzin
Dulce Macuilxochitzin Hernández Sariñana
2019-Present Day
(5 years)
Daughter of Chimalpilli. Appointed by the Imperial Courts after her father's abdication. Incumbent tlatoani of Atitlan.