|
|
| (60 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {{Infobox country | | [[Category:Matharius]]{{Infobox country |
| |conventional_long_name = Federal Republic of Valentir | | |conventional_long_name = United Federation of Matharius, Carhaix and Aurelia |
| |native_name = République fédérale de Valentir<br> | | {{collapsible list |
| |common_name = Valentir | | |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:normal;font-size:84%; |
| | |title = 4 other official names |
| | | {{Infobox|subbox=yes|bodystyle=font-size:77%;font-weight:normal; |
| | | rowclass1 = mergedrow | label1 = {{wp|Hawaiian language|Arateran}}: |
| | | data1 = ''Hui Hui o Matharius, Carhaix a me Aurelia'' |
| | | rowclass2 = mergedrow | label2 = {{wp|French language|Valentirian}}: |
| | | data2 = ''Fédération unie de Matharius, Carhaix et Aurelia'' |
| | | rowclass3 = mergedrow | label3 = {{wp|Italian language|Elysian}}: |
| | | data3 = ''Federazione Unita di Matharius, Carhaix e Aurelia'' |
| | | rowclass4 = mergedrow | label4 = {{wp|Spanish language|Telmaran}}: |
| | | data4 = ''Federación Unida de Matharius, Carhaix y Aurelia'' |
| | }}}} |
| | |common_name = UFVCA |
| |image_flag = New Valentir Flag.png | | |image_flag = New Valentir Flag.png |
| |alt_flag = | | |alt_flag = |
| Line 10: |
Line 22: |
| |national_motto = ''Arduus ad solem'' | | |national_motto = ''Arduus ad solem'' |
| |englishmotto = <small>"Striving towards the sun"<small> | | |englishmotto = <small>"Striving towards the sun"<small> |
| |national_anthem = "{{wp|TBD}}" | | |national_anthem = "{{wp|Marche vers la liberté}}" |
| |other_symbol_type = | | |other_symbol_type = |
| |other_symbol = | | |other_symbol = |
| |image_map = Valentir orthographic projection.png | | |image_map = |
| |alt_map = | | |alt_map = |
| |map_caption = Location of the Federal Republic in [[Kylaris]] | | |map_caption = Location of the United Federation in [[X]] |
| |image_map2 = | | |image_map2 = |
| |alt_map2 = | | |alt_map2 = |
| |map_caption2 = | | |map_caption2 = |
| |capital = {{flagicon image|Flag of the City of London.svg}} [[Valeins]] | | |capital = {{flagicon image|Flag of Nouvelle-Aquitaine.svg}} [[Valeins]] |
| |largest_city = {{flagicon image|City Flag of Portsmouth.svg}} [[Harborough]] | | |largest_city = {{flagicon image|Unofficial County Flag of Greater Manchester.svg}} [[Harborough]] |
| |official_languages = {{wp|English language|Estmerish}}<br>{{wp|French language|Gaullican}}<br>{{wp|Maori language|Arateran}} | | |official_languages = {{wp|English language|Avalonian}}<br>{{wp|French language|Valentirian}} |
| |national_languages = | | |national_languages = |
| |regional_languages = | | |regional_languages = |
| Line 28: |
Line 40: |
| |ethnic_groups = | | |ethnic_groups = |
| |ethnic_groups_year = | | |ethnic_groups_year = |
| |demonym = Valentirian | | |demonym = [[Matharians|Matharian]] |
| |government_type = {{wp|Federalism|Federal}} {{wp|Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential}} {{wp|Constitution|constitutional}} {{wp|Republic|republic}} | | |government_type = {{wp|Federalism|Federal}} {{wp|Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential}} {{wp|Constitution|constitutional}} {{wp|Republic|republic}} |
| |leader_title1 = [[President of Valentir|President]] | | |leader_title1 = [[List of heads of state of Valentir|President]] |
| |leader_name1 = {{nowrap|[[Helene Pauline]]}} <small>([[Progressive Republican Party|PRP]])</small> | | |leader_name1 = {{nowrap|[[Gaultier Babineaux]]}} <small>([[Valentirian Federation of Labour|VFL]])</small> |
| |leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Valentir|Prime Minister]] | | |leader_title2 = [[List of deputy heads of state of Valentir|Vice President]] |
| |leader_name2 = {{nowrap|[[Johnathan Bennett]]}} <small>([[Progressive Republican Party|PRP]])</small> | | |leader_name2 = {{nowrap|[[Aidan Bishop]]}} <small>([[Workers' Party|WP]])</small> |
| |leader_title3 = {{nowrap|[[Deputy Prime Minister of Valentir|Deputy Prime Minister]]}} | | |leader_title3 = [[List of heads of government of Valentir|Prime Minister]] |
| |leader_name3 = {{nowrap|[[Tristan Teyssier]]}} <small>([[Action populaire-Démocrates sotiriens|AP-DS]])</small> | | |leader_name3 = {{nowrap|[[Lucrezia Fiorentini]]}} <small>([[Valentirian Federation of Labour|VFL]])</small> |
| |leader_title4 = {{nowrap|[[Chief Justice of Valentir|Chief Justice]]}} | | |leader_title4 = {{nowrap|[[Deputy Prime Minister of Valentir|Deputy Prime Minister]]}} |
| |leader_name4 = {{nowrap|[[Thibault Devaux]]}} | | |leader_name4 = {{nowrap|[[Maëlys Le Corre]]}} <small>([[Green Party|GP]])</small> |
| |leader_title5 = {{nowrap|[[President of the Senate (Valentir)|President of the Senate]]}} | | |leader_title5 = {{nowrap|[[Chief Justice of Valentir|Chief Justice]]}} |
| |leader_name5 = {{nowrap|[[Andréa Arnoux]]}} <small>([[Progressive Republican Party|PRP]])</small> | | |leader_name5 = {{nowrap|[[Ingvar Alvheim]]}} |
| |leader_title6 = {{nowrap|[[Speaker of the Assembly (Valentir)|Speaker of the Assembly]]}} | | |leader_title6 = {{nowrap|[[President of the Senate (Valentir)|President of the Senate]]}} |
| |leader_name6 = {{nowrap|[[Jérôme Chauvin]]}} <small>([[Progressive Republican Party|PRP]])</small> | | |leader_name6 = {{nowrap|[[Genevieve Cantelli]]}} <small>([[Valentirian Federation of Labour|VFL]])</small> |
| |legislature = [[Federal Parliament of Valentir|Parliament]] | | |leader_title7 = {{nowrap|[[Speaker of the Valentirian Assembly|Speaker of the Assembly]]}} |
| |upper_house = [[Senate of Valentir|Senate]] | | |leader_name7 = {{nowrap|[[Camila Carvalho]]}} <small>([[Valentirian Federation of Labour|VFL]])</small> |
| |lower_house = [[Assembly of Valentir|Assembly]] | | |legislature = [[Parliament of the United Federation|Parliament]] |
| |sovereignty_type = [[History of Valentir|Independence]] from the [[Kingdom of Estmere|Estmerish Empire]] | | |upper_house = [[Senate of the United Federation|Senate]] |
| |sovereignty_note = | | |lower_house = [[Assembly of the United Federation|Assembly]] |
| |established_event1 = [[Statue of Ashcombe]]
| | |sovereignty_type = [[History of the United Federation|Independence]] |
| |established_date1 = 11 November 18xx | | |sovereignty_note = from [[Kingdom of Greater Avalon|Greater Avalon]] |
| |established_event2 = [[Wave of Liberation]]
| | |established_event1 = [[United Federation Declaration of Independence|Declaration]] |
| |established_date2 = 4 March 1910 | | |established_date1 = 1766 |
| |established_event3 = [[Concordat of Free Peoples]]
| |
| |established_date3 = 19 July 1912 | |
| |established_event4 =
| |
| |established_date4 =
| |
| |area_rank = | | |area_rank = |
| |area_magnitude = | | |area_magnitude = |
| |area = | | |area = |
| |area_km2 = 5675532 | | |area_km2 = 24,709,000 |
| |area_sq_mi = 2217005 | | |area_sq_mi = 9,540,000 |
| |area_footnote = | | |area_footnote = |
| |percent_water = 1.34 | | |percent_water = 1.34 |
| Line 65: |
Line 73: |
| |area_label2 = | | |area_label2 = |
| |area_dabodyalign = | | |area_dabodyalign = |
| |population_estimate = 55,051,345 | | |population_estimate = {{increase}} 587,953,442 |
| |population_estimate_rank = | | |population_estimate_rank = |
| |population_estimate_year = 2019 | | |population_estimate_year = 2042 |
| |population_census = 51,690,103 | | |population_census = 585,748,026 |
| |population_census_year = 2015 | | |population_census_year = 2040 |
| |population_density_km2 = | | |population_density_km2 = |
| |population_density_sq_mi = | | |population_density_sq_mi = |
| |population_density_rank = | | |population_density_rank = |
| |GDP_PPP = $2.604 trillion | | |GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $38.463 trillion |
| |GDP_PPP_rank = | | |GDP_PPP_rank = |
| |GDP_PPP_year = 2019 | | |GDP_PPP_year = 2042 |
| |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $47,318 | | |GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $65,420 |
| |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | | |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = |
| |GDP_nominal = $2.584 trillion | | |GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $38.128 trillion |
| |GDP_nominal_rank = | | |GDP_nominal_rank = |
| |GDP_nominal_year = 2019 | | |GDP_nominal_year = 2042 |
| |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $46,952 | | |GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $64,850 |
| |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = | | |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = |
| |Gini = 43.8 | | |Gini = 49.8 |
| |Gini_rank = | | |Gini_rank = |
| |Gini_year = 2019 | | |Gini_year = 2042 |
| |Gini_change = increase | | |Gini_change = increase |
| |Gini_category = very low | | |Gini_category = very low |
| |HDI = 0.951 | | |HDI = 0.915 |
| |HDI_rank = | | |HDI_rank = |
| |HDI_year = 2019 | | |HDI_year = 2042 |
| |HDI_change = increase | | |HDI_change = increase |
| |HDI_category = very high | | |HDI_category = very high |
| |currency = [[Valentirian Pound]] | | |currency = [[Matharian dollar]] |
| |currency_code = VP, £ | | |currency_code = MD, $ |
| |time_zone = | | |time_zone = |
| |utc_offset = | | |utc_offset = |
| Line 103: |
Line 111: |
| |utc_offset_DST = | | |utc_offset_DST = |
| |drives_on = left | | |drives_on = left |
| |cctld = [[.va]] | | |cctld = [[.ma]] |
| |iso3166code = VA | | |iso3166code = MA |
| |calling_code = +61 | | |calling_code = +61 |
| |image_map3 = | | |image_map3 = |
| Line 110: |
Line 118: |
| |footnotes = | | |footnotes = |
| }} | | }} |
| The '''Federal Republic of Valentir''' ({{wp|French language|Gaullican}}: ''République Fédérale de Valentir'') is a {{wp|Sovreign state|sovereign}} country comprising of the mainland of the [[Valentir (Continent)|Valentirian continent]], the island of [[New Embria]] and numerous smaller islands. It is a federal republic composed of 15 constituent provinces, three territories, and various possessions. At 5.6 million km2 and with over 55 million people, Valentir is the largest country in [[Sublustria]] and the 5th largest in the world by total area and the twenty-second most populous country. The capital is [[Valeins]] and the largest city is [[Harborough]], an important global city and financial centre with an urban population of 5.1 million. The country's other major metropolitan areas are [[Valanjou]], [[Dunwall]], [[Shadwell]] and [[Haussimont]]. Fourteen of the provinces are on the mainland of the continent. The Province of New Embria is an island located off the west coast of the continent. The various territories and island possessions are scattered about the Sublustrian Ocean, the furthest being [[St. Richard Island]]. The extremely diverse geography, climate, and wildlife of Valentir makes it one of the world's 4 megadiverse countries.
| |
|
| |
|
| Valentir is considered a {{wp|Regional power|regional}} and {{wp|Middle power|middle power}} in international affairs and is a founding member of the [[Community of Nations]], [[International Council for Democracy]], [[Community of 20|C20]], [[International Trade Organization]], [[Global Institute for Fiscal Affairs]], [[Sublustrian League]], [[Council for Economic Co-operation and Development]] (CECD), [[Cavignac Group]], and other international organizations. It is also a member of the [[Asterian Development Council]] and [[Council for Mutual Security and Development]] (COMSED).
| | The '''United Federation of Matharius, Carhaix and Aurelia''' ('''U.F.M.C.A''' or '''UFMCA'''), commonly known as the '''United Federation''' ('''U.F''' or '''UF''') or '''Matharius''', is a {{wp|List of transcontinental countries|transcontinental country}} comprising the entirety of the [[North Matharius|Northern Matharian continent]], as well as possessing several overseas states and territories. |
| | |
| A {{wp|Developed country|highly developed country}}, Valentir possesses the Xth largest economy in [[Kylaris]]. It has a {{wp|World Bank high-income economy|high-income}} {{wp|Mixed economy|mixed market economy}}, with the world's Xth highest per capita income. Valentir benefits from a highly skilled and educated workforce; it has among the world's largest proportion of citizens holding a tertiary education degree. Its economy is primarily based around {{wp|Finance|finance}}, {{wp|Telecommunication|telecommunications}}, {{wp|Mining|mining}}, {{wp|Tourism|tourism}}, {{wp|Electronics|electronics}}, {{wp|Energy industry|energy}} and {{wp|Manufacturing|manufacturing}}. | |
| | |
| Having the {{wp|List of countries by Human Development Index|second-highest human development index}} and the fourth-highest ranked {{wp|Democracy Index|democracy}} globally, the country {{wp|International rankings of Valentir|ranks highly}} in quality of life, health, education, economic freedom, civil liberties and political rights, with all its major cities faring well in global comparative livability surveys. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and [[Amitié|multicultural]] nations, the product of [[Immigration in Valentir|large-scale immigration]] from many other countries. Valentir has the world's Xth largest immigrant population, with immigrants accounting for 17.3% of the population.
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Etymology== | | ==Etymology== |
| [[File:4k ref portre bocskai.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.6|The Valentirian continent is believed to be named after [[Constantin Valentir]].]]
| |
| The name ''Valentir'' is derived from the surname of [[Amathia|Amathian]] explorer [[Constantin Valentir]], who completed several voyages across the [[Vehemens Ocean]] under the auspices of the [[List of Gaullican Monarchs|Monarchs of Gaullica]]. In 1629 Valentir and the crew of ''[[HMS Marguerite]]'' became the first [[Euclea|Eucleans]] to make landfall on the [[Valentir (Continent)|Valentirian continent]]. Subsequent Gaullican expeditions would eventually receive colonial charters from King [[Francois II]].
| |
|
| |
| In all official Gaullican documentation from that time ''Valentir'' is referred to as ''Terra Illustris'' ({{wp|Latin language|Solarian}}: Illustrious Land), a reference to the continents vast landscapes and natural resources. The continent would only be referred to as ''Valentir'' after the first [[Estmere|Estmerish]] explorers arrived in the early 1640's. Estmerish cartographer [[Some Name]] produced a world map in 1647 on which he named the behemoth continent ''Valentir'' in honour of Constantin. At the time it is unknown why a Gaullican backed explorer was chosen for the honour, but historical records eventually revealed that Constantin provided the Estmerish details regarding his findings shortly after his return to Euclea. By the late 18th century ''Valentir'' was the international term applied to the continent.
| |
|
| |
|
| *<Maori name>
| |
| *<Xiaodongese name>
| |
| ==History== | | ==History== |
| [[File:L'arrivée de Champlain à Québec.jpg|thumb|left|''de Valein's arrival in Terra Illustris, 1631'' by Henri Rousseau (1903).]]
| |
|
| |
| The first recorded Euclean sighting of the Valentirian mainland, and the first recorded Euclean landfall on the Valentirian continent (in 1629), are attributed to the Gaullicans. The first ship and crew to chart the Valentirian coast and meet with [[Arateran people]] was the ''[[Couronne]]'' captained by Gaullican navigator, [[Jean-Luc de Valmont]]. The first settlement, [[Valanjou]], was founded in 1631 as the capital of the Viceroyalty of Ghislaine, the first Gaullican colony. The island continent would be officially named "Valentir," after royal decree awarded [[Valentin de Valeins]] a charter to establish and oversee colonisation of the island. The establishment of the Viceroyalities of [[Valmont]] (1633), [[Serault]] (1635), [[L'Anguille]] (1636), [[Talissieu]] (1636), and [[Giseroux]] (1640) would follow.
| |
|
| |
| Estmerish colonisation began in 1644 with the founding of [[New Ardougne]] and its capital, [[Dunwall]], in north-eastern Valentir by Sir [[Lionel Black]], a privateer in the service of the Royal Navy. The settlements of [[Harborough]] (1645), [[Carrock]] (1647), [[Kirkwall]] (1651), [[Starkhaven]] (1653), and [[Amaranthine]] (1655) further established an Estmerish foothold on the continent. By the late 17th century most of the coast was controlled by either the Estmerish or Gaullicans. Competition between the rival maritime powers spurred rapid expansion. Conflicts between local tribes and petty kingdoms served as a means of proxy warfare between the colonial settlers. Territorial boundaries were in a state of constant dispute as a result of the [[Gilded Wars]]. The turmoil was worsened by the rise of piracy and banditry, both of which would see golden ages during the early 18th century.
| |
|
| |
|
| [[File:Henry Morgan Destroys the Spanish Fleet at Lake Maracaibo.jpg|thumb|Captain X of Gaullica destroying the combined Estmerish fleet off the coast of New Embria, 1689.]]
| | ==Environment== |
| ==Geography== | |
| <gallery mode="packed">
| |
| File:NZL-mtcook-peters-lookout.jpg|Mount Tāwhirimātea, the highest point in the Dragon's Spine
| |
| File:Second Valley 2.JPG|The rugged coastline of the Montblanc Valley, located on the Charmolle Peninsula
| |
| File:Uluru, helicopter view, cropped.jpg|Aerial photograph of Areyonga, the sacred mountain of the Anangu people, in Talissieu
| |
| File:Holloways beach 1920x1080.jpg|Coastal scene at Hollingsworth Beach in Rotorua
| |
| File:Whanganui River.jpg|Rural landscape on the Amaranthine River in Westcliff
| |
| </gallery>
| |
| ===General characteristics===
| |
| [[File:The great dividing range.jpg|thumb| The [[Dragon's Spine]] is the third longest land-based range in the world.]]
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Politics== | | ==Politics== |
| {{multiple image
| |
| |align=right
| |
| |image1=Sarah Palin by Gage Skidmore.jpg
| |
| |width1=162
| |
| |caption1=[[President of Valentir|President]]<br> [[Helene Pauline]]
| |
| |alt1=
| |
| |width2=160
| |
| |caption2=[[Prime Minister of Valentir|Prime Minister]]<br> [[Johnathan Bennett]]
| |
| |image2=Governor of Florida Jeb Bush at Southern Republican Leadership Conference, May 2015 by Michael Vadon 02.jpg
| |
| |alt2=
| |
| }}
| |
| ===Government===
| |
| {{Main|Federal government of Valentir}}
| |
| Valentir has been since independence in 1912 a {{wp|Federalism|federal}} {{wp|Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential}} {{wp|Republic|republic}} with a {{wp|parliamentary system}} of governance, with the [[President of Valentir]] serving as {{wp|head of state}} and the [[Prime Minister of Valentir]] serving as {{wp|head of government}}. Power is divided between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government, with each branch checking the power of one another. This system of {{wp|Separation of powers#Checks and balances|checks and balances}} was inspired by the X.
| |
|
| |
|
| The [[President of Valentir]] is elected through a two-round system of voting to serve a 5 year term. While there are no term limits in the Constitution, it has become tradition for presidents to only serve one term. To date no President has served more than one term in office. Executive power lies in the hands of the President who, unlike heads of state in parliamentary republics, maintains a degree of executive authority and influence in the government, especially concerning foreign affairs, national security, and the {{wp|Promulgation|promulgation}} of laws. The President also may have a hand in the legislature, working with the Prime Minister to influence Parliament's agenda and direct the legislature, though this is very dependent on whether or not the President and Prime Minister share the same political party. Should the President and Prime Minister be from opposing parties it is customary that the president focus primarily on foreign affairs and the Prime Minister focus on internal affairs in what is commonly referred to as {{wp|Cohabitation (government)|cohabitation}}. In their capacity as head of state the President is also the {{wp|commander-in-chief}} of the [[Valentirian National Defence Force]] and is the chief diplomatic representative of the nation abroad. [[Helene Pauline]] of the [[Progressive Republican Party]] is the current [[President of Valentir]], in office since 5 March 2015.
| | ==Economy== |
| | |
| [[File:Parliament Hill (NHSC chart).JPG|250px|thumb|left|The seat of [[Federal Parliament of Valentir|Parliament]] at Fairfax Palace in [[Valeins]], [[Vallois]]]]
| |
| According to the Constitution legislative power is held solely by the [[Parliament of Valentir]], a bicameral legislature consisting of the [[Federal Senate of Valentir|Senate]] and the [[Federal Assembly of Valentir|Assembly]]. The Senate is composed of 150 {{wp|Senator|Senators}}, 10 from each of the 15 provinces. Senators are popularly elected under the {{wp|Single transferable vote|single transferable vote}} system of {{wp|Proportional representation|proportional representation}}. As such the chamber features a multitude of parties vying for power. The Assembly is composed of 600 {{wp|Member of Parliament|Members of Parliament}}, each elected to represent a single member constituency, officially known as an electoral division (commonly referred to as electorates or seats). Members of the Assembly are elected using {{wp|First-past-the-post voting|first-past-the-post voting}}. The Senate and Assembly convene at Fairfax Palace in the nation's capital, [[Valeins]].
| |
| | |
| The Constitution states that presidential, senate, and assembly elections must be held 5 years after the previous election. While it is the mandate of the constitution to have elections every 5 years, the current Prime Minister may call for a snap election in [[Federal Parliament of Valentir|Parliament]] before that time. A snap election may only occur if at least two-thirds of the Senate and Assembly vote in favour of the motion.
| |
| | |
| The [[Prime Minister of Valentir]] is the chief legislative official and a member of the Assembly. The Prime Minister is not an elected official, rather they are a {{wp|Member of Parliament}}. The position of prime minister belongs to the person most likely to command the confidence of the Assembly; this individual is typically the leader of the political party or coalition of parties that holds the largest number of seats in that chamber. The prime minister chooses a cabinet, on advice from the president, and its members are formally appointed by the president to form the [[Cabinet of Valentir]], the governing apparatus of the [[Federal government of Valentir]]. [[Johnathan Bennett]] of the [[Progressive Republican Party]] is the current [[Prime Minister of Valentir]], in office since 11 June 2016.
| |
| | |
| ===Law and criminal justice=== | |
| | |
| ===Foreign relations===
| |
| Valentir is recognized as a {{wp|Middle power|middle power}} for its role in international affairs with a tendency to pursue multilateral solutions. However, beginning in the 21st century, Valentir has been regarded as an {{wp|Emerging power|emerging}} {{wp|Great power|great power}} in concert with [[Satucin]] through its [[X alliance]], which has expanded its economic and military influence throughout the Asterias.
| |
| | |
| Valentir's foreign policy based on international peacekeeping and security is carried out through coalitions and international organizations, and through the work of numerous federal institutions. The country possesses significant {{wp|Soft power|soft}} and {{wp|Hard power|hard power}} through its extensive web of diplomatic and military commitments around the globe. Its "special relationships" with both [[Estmere]] and [[Senria]], as well as its membership in the [[C20]], [[International Council for Democracy]], and [[Cavignac Group]] have awarded Valentir significant clout within the international community.
| |
| | |
| Over recent decades, Valentir's foreign relations have been driven by a close association with [[Senria]] and the [[Council for Mutual Security and Development]] (COMSED) and by a desire to strengthen relationships in Euclea and the Asterias, particularly through [[La Gaullophonie]] and [[Asterian Development Council]]. Valentir has pursued the cause of international trade liberalisation. It led the formation of the [[Cavignac Group]] and [[Coius-Vehemens Forum for Economic Cooperation]]. Valentir is a member of the [[Council for Economic Co-operation and Development]], [[International Trade Organization]] and [[Global Institute for Fiscal Affairs]], and has pursued several major bilateral free trade agreements, most recently the [[Valentir-X Free Trade Agreement]] with another free trade agreement being negotiated with [[Mathrabumi]]—the Valentirian–Marathi Free Trade Agreement—and [[Senria]] and [[Vilcasuamanas]] in 2006, and as of November 2017 has put the [[Trans-Vehemens Partnership]] before parliament for ratification.
| |
| | |
| A founding member country of the [[Community of Nations]], Valentir is strongly committed to multilateralism and maintains an international aid program under which some 60 countries receive assistance. Valentir ranks thirteenth overall in the Center for Global Development's 2017 Commitment to Development Index.
| |
| ===Military===
| |
| [[File:Australian SOTG patrol Oct 2009.jpg|250px|thumb|left|A Valentirian Special Operations Task Group patrol in [[X]] during October 2009]]
| |
| The {{wp|Military|armed forces}} of Valentir, officially the [[Valentirian National Defence Force]], consists of five professional service branches: the [[Valentirian National Army]], [[Valentirian National Navy]], [[Valentirian National Air Force]], [[Valentirian National Marine Force]], and [[Valentirian National Strategic Support Force]]. The VNDF is officially lead by the [[National Defence Council]] and serves as the main organ in Valentirian military command. The NDC consists of the President, who serves as {{wp|Commander-in-chief}}, the [[Chairman of the National Defence Council]], who is appointed on advice from the Cabinet, and the [[Minister for Defence]], who manages the armed forces as leader of the [[Department of Defence]]. The VNDF is charged with the defence of Valentir, its territories, as well as promoting Valentir's global security interests and supporting international peacekeeping efforts. Valentir is a major contributor to [[Community of Nations|CN peacekeeping missions]] and actively participates in disaster relief and armed conflict. Its history of international intervention dates back to the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]] and its support for the [[Grand Alliance]].
| |
| | |
| [[File:HMAS Canberra RIMPAC 2016.jpg|250px|thumb|right|''Amaranthine''-class landing helicopter dock [[Amaranthine-class landing helicopter dock|VNS ''Winston MacGregor'']] is the flag ship of the Valentirian navy]]
| |
| The VNDF is a volunteer army currently consisting of 300,000 active and 450,000 reserve personnel. The budget for the fiscal year 2017-2018 allocated £62 billion to the [[Department of Defence]], about 2.3% of the country's GDP, representing the world's Xth largest defence budget.
| |
|
| |
|
| Valentir has a large, advanced domestic arms industry that assists in equipping its armed forces with the latest in military technology. [[Hannibal Weapons System]], [[Halo Industries]], [[AMG Transport]], and a number of foreign suppliers form the bulk of government sponsored defence contracts. Domestic models include the {{wp|ASLAV|VLAV}}, the {{wp|Hawkei|Warthog Mark I}}, and the {{wp|LAV III|SCORPION}}. The nation's armed forces are also supplied by a number of foreign sources, the largest of which are [[Estmere]], [[Satucin]], and [[Senria]].
| | ==Science and technology== |
| ===Provinces and territories=== | |
| {{Main|Provinces and territories of Valentir}}
| |
| {{See also|Valentirian federalism}}
| |
| Valentir is a federation composed of 15 provinces and three territories. Provinces have more autonomy than territories, having responsibility for social programs such as health care, education, and welfare. Together, the provinces collect more revenue than the federal government, an almost unique structure among federations in the world. Using its spending powers, the federal government can initiate national policies in provincial areas, such as the [[Federal Health Service Act]]; the provinces can opt out of these, but rarely do so in practice. {{wp|Equalization payments}} are made by the federal government to ensure reasonably uniform standards of services and taxation are kept between the richer and poorer provinces.
| |
|
| |
|
| The major difference between a Valentirian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitutional Devolution of Powers Act, whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the [[Federal Parliament of Valentir|Parliament of Valentir]]. The powers flowing from the Constitutional Devolution Act are divided between the Government of Valentir (the federal government) and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively. A change to the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment, whereas a similar change affecting the territories can be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Valentir or government.
| | ==Infrastructure== |
| {| class="wikitable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em {{{1}}}em {{{1}}}em {{{1}}}em;" border="1"
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Arms'''
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Province'''
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Capital'''
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Population'''
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Premier'''
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Governing party'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Badge of the Lieutenant-Governor of New Brunswick.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Aigremont]]
| |
| | [[Cavignac]]
| |
| | 1,678,925
| |
| ||[[François Rozenthal]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#684174"|
| |
| | [[Action populaire-Démocrates sotiriens|AP-DS]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of arms of Manitoba.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Dryden]]
| |
| | [[Clovis]]
| |
| | 2,361,828
| |
| ||[[Stephen Hayes]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#0048B0"|
| |
| | [[Progressive Republican Party|PRP]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of arms of Tasmania.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Ghislaine]]
| |
| | [[Valanjou]]
| |
| | 5,382,858
| |
| ||[[Gaétan Guérin]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#8a8cee"|
| |
| | [[Rassemblement pour Ghislaine|RPG]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of Arms of Norfolk Island.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Harwich]]
| |
| | [[Draynor]]
| |
| | 831,927
| |
| ||[[Edward Hargreaves]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#0048B0"|
| |
| | [[Progressive Republican Party|PRP]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of arms of Western Australia.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Kensington]]
| |
| | [[Axminster]]
| |
| | 3,271,875
| |
| ||[[Issac Barton]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#0048B0"|
| |
| | [[Progressive Republican Party|PRP]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of arms of South Australia.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Laussonne]]
| |
| | [[Brieuil]]
| |
| | 2,789,426
| |
| ||[[Dominique Perrault]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#043145"|
| |
| | [[L'Avenir-Coalition de laussonne|A-CL]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of arms of Ontario.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[New Ardougne]]
| |
| | [[Dunwall]]
| |
| | 3,826,716
| |
| ||[[Rosalyn Wescott]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#820401"|
| |
| | [[New Ardougne Workers' Party|NAWP]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of arms of Tristan da Cunha.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[New Embria]]
| |
| | [[Winterley]]
| |
| | 1,122,473
| |
| ||[[Henry FitzRoy]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#0048B0"|
| |
| | [[Progressive Republican Party|PRP]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of Arms of the Australian Capital Territory.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Oneawea]]
| |
| | [[Ahuimanu]]
| |
| | 982,626
| |
| ||[[Arcibald Waldman]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#A8212A"|
| |
| | [[Valentirian Federation of Labour|VFL]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Badge of the Lieutenant-Governor of Saskatchewan.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Rotorua]]
| |
| | [[Tāhaenui]]
| |
| | 1,498,147
| |
| ||[[Vanessa Duriès]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#A8212A"|
| |
| | [[Valentirian Federation of Labour|VFL]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of arms of Nova Scotia.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Serault]]
| |
| | [[Montsimmard]]
| |
| | 3,093,544
| |
| ||[[Jean-Pierre Cassel]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#0048B0"|
| |
| | [[Progressive Republican Party|PRP]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of arms of Alberta.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Talissieu]]
| |
| | [[Haussimont]]
| |
| | 5,036,810
| |
| ||[[Anaïs Martell]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#0048B0"|
| |
| | [[Progressive Republican Party|PRP]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of Arms of Queensland.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Tarrington]]
| |
| | [[Shadwell]]
| |
| | 7,068,056
| |
| ||[[Mark Harris]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#0048B0"|
| |
| | [[Progressive Republican Party|PRP]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of Arms of South Australia 1936-1984.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Vallois]]
| |
| | [[Valeins]]
| |
| | 4,171,253
| |
| ||[[Vincent Gladden]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#0048B0"|
| |
| | [[Progressive Republican Party|PRP]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[File:Coat of Arms of New South Wales.svg|50px]]
| |
| | [[Westcliff]]
| |
| | [[Harborough]]
| |
| | 8,573,639
| |
| ||[[Emelia Mayer]]
| |
| | style="background-color:#edc951"|
| |
| | [[National Liberal Party of Valentir|NLP]]
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Demographics== | | ==Demographics== |
| {{main|Demography of Valentir}}
| | *Matharius - 339,903,612 |
| {{Largest cities
| | *Aurelia - 147,257,100 |
| | name = Largest cities of Valentir
| | *Carhaix - 98,587,314 |
| | country = Valentir
| |
| | stat_ref = 2015 census
| |
| | list_by_pop =
| |
| | class = info
| |
| | div_name = State
| |
| | div_link =
| |
| | |
| | city_1 = Harborough
| |
| | div_1 = Westcliff
| |
| | pop_1 = 5,137,863
| |
| |img_1 = Melbourne skyline.jpg
| |
| | |
| | city_2 = Shadwell
| |
| | div_2 = Tarrington
| |
| | pop_2 = 4,793,426
| |
| |img_2 = Brisbane - panoramio (24).jpg
| |
| | |
| | city_3 = Valanjou
| |
| | div_3 = Ghislaine
| |
| | pop_3 = 2,413,217
| |
| |img_3 = Perth's striking skyline, from the jetty behind Bells Cafe. - panoramio.jpg
| |
| | |
| | city_4 = Valeins
| |
| | div_4 = Vallois
| |
| | pop_4 = 2,183,717
| |
| |img_4 = Sydney Harbour Bridge from the air.JPG
| |
| | |
| | city_5 = Haussimont
| |
| | div_5 = Talissieu
| |
| | pop_5 = 1,829,911
| |
| | |
| | city_6 = Dunwall
| |
| | div_6 = New Ardougne
| |
| | pop_6 = 1,345,771
| |
| | |
| | city_7 = Montsimmard
| |
| | div_7 = Serault
| |
| | pop_7 = 947,611
| |
| | |
| | city_8 = Winterley
| |
| | div_8 = New Embria
| |
| | pop_8 = 701,337
| |
| | |
| | city_9 = Brieuil
| |
| | div_9 = Laussonne
| |
| | pop_9 = 623,525
| |
| | |
| | city_10 = Axminster
| |
| | div_10 = Kensington
| |
| | pop_10 = 566,093
| |
| | |
| | city_11 = Draynor
| |
| | div_11 = Harwich
| |
| | pop_11 = 512,365
| |
| | |
| | city_12 = Tāhaenui
| |
| | div_12 = Rotorua
| |
| | pop_12 = 493,602
| |
| | |
| | city_13 = Cavignac
| |
| | div_13 = Aigremont
| |
| | pop_13 = 487,364
| |
| | |
| | city_14 = Clovis
| |
| | div_14 = Dryden
| |
| | pop_14 = 469,246
| |
| | |
| | city_15 = Amaranthine
| |
| | div_15 = Westcliff
| |
| | pop_15 = 331,491
| |
| | |
| | city_16 = Verchiel
| |
| | div_16 = Ghislaine
| |
| | pop_16 = 329,101
| |
| | |
| | city_17 = Ahuimanu
| |
| | div_17 = Oneawea
| |
| | pop_17 = 302,483
| |
| | |
| | city_18 = Sahrnia
| |
| | div_18 = Serault
| |
| | pop_18 = 261,258
| |
| | |
| | city_19 = Gwaren
| |
| | div_19 = Tarrington
| |
| | pop_19 = 252,689
| |
| | |
| | city_20 = Montfort
| |
| | div_20 = Talissieu
| |
| | pop_20 = 206,147
| |
| | |
| }}<noinclude>
| |
| ===Ethnic Groups===
| |
| {{Pie chart
| |
| |thumb = right
| |
| |caption = Race and ethnicity in Valentir
| |
| |other =
| |
| |label1 =[[Race in Valentir#Gaullican|Gaullican]]
| |
| |value1 =38.6
| |
| |color1 =LightBlue
| |
| |label2 =[[Race in Valentir#Estmerish|Estmerish]]
| |
| |value2 =36.2
| |
| |color2 =Pink
| |
| |label3 =[[Race in Valentir#Coian|Coian]]
| |
| |value3 =10.2
| |
| |color3 =Green
| |
| |label4 =[[Race in Valentir#Indigenous|Indigenous]]
| |
| |value4 =7.9
| |
| |color4 =Orange
| |
| |label5 =[[Race in Valentir#Other Euclean|Other Euclean]]
| |
| |value5 =7.1
| |
| |color5 =Teal
| |
| }}
| |
| ===Languages===
| |
| {{main|Language in Valentir}}
| |
| A multitude of languages are used by Valentirians, with {{wp|English language|Estmerish}}, {{wp|French language|Gaullican}}, and {{wp|Maori language|Arateran}} (the official languages) being the mother tongues of approximately 41%, 40% and 8% of Valentirians, respectively. As of the 2015 Census, just over 8.9 million Valentirians listed a non-official language as their mother tongue. Some of the most common non-official first languages include {{wp|Japanese language|Senrian}} (827,680 first-language speakers), {{wp|Hindu language|Marathi}} (501,680), {{wp|Italian language|Etrurian}} (458,850), {{wp|Irish language|Caldish}} (431,385), {{wp|Chinese language|Xiaodongese}} (419,895), {{wp|Catalan language|Floren}} (384,040), and {{wp|Persian language|Zorasani}} (375,645).
| |
| | |
| Canada's federal government practices official {{wp|Multilingualism|multilingualism}}, which is applied by the Commissioner of Official Languages in consonance with Section 16 of the Valentirian Concordat of the Free Peoples and the Federal Reform Act of 1935 Estmerish, Gaullican and Arateran have equal status in federal courts, parliament, and in all federal institutions. Citizens have the right, where there is sufficient demand, to receive federal government services in either Estmerish, Gaullican and Arateran and official-language minorities are guaranteed their own schools in all provinces and territories. Since the passage of the [[Federal Education Standards Act]] in 1943 all Valentirians are mandated to learn all three official languages. As a result most Valentirians speak a minimum of three languages. An amendment of the FES Act in 1998 expanded the provision to include mandatory foreign language classes. Most Valentirian schoolchildren born after 2000 who have completed upper secondary school speak a minimum of four languages.
| |
| ===Religion===
| |
| {{main|Religion in Valentir}}
| |
| Valentir is religiously diverse, encompassing a wide range of beliefs and customs. Valentir has no official church, and the government is officially committed to secularism through a series of policies known as [[Amitié]]. Freedom of religion in Valentir is a constitutionally protected right, allowing individuals to assemble and worship without limitation or interference. The practice of religion is now generally considered a private matter throughout society and the state. With [[Sotirianity]] in decline after having once been central and integral to Valentirian culture and daily life, Valentir has become a post-Sotirian, secular state.
| |
| | |
| The majority of Valentirians consider religion to be unimportant in their daily lives, but still believe in God. According to the 2015 census, 36% of Valentirians identify as Sotirian; of these, [[The Church of Jesus Sotirias the Holy Redeemer|Calumniorists]] make up the largest group, accounting for 16% of the population. Much of the remainder is made up of [[Sotirian Catholic Church|Sotirian Catholics]], who accounted for approximately 11% in the 2015 census. [[Amendism|Amendists]] follow in third place at 8%. Secularization has been growing since the 1960s. In 2015, 49% declared no religious affiliation, compared to 36% in 2000. The remaining 13% are affiliated with non-Sotirian religions, the largest of which are Native Pantheons (6%), Irfan (2%) and Tenkyou (2%).
| |
| {{bar box
| |
| |title=<center>[[Religion in Valentir]]</center>
| |
| |titlebar=grey
| |
| |left1= <center>Religion</center>
| |
| |right1= <center>Percentage</center>
| |
| |float=right
| |
| |width=300px
| |
| |bars=
| |
| {{bar percent|[[Sotirianity]] (total)|teal|36.5}}
| |
| {{bar percent|[[The Church of Jesus Sotirias the Holy Redeemer|Calumniorist]]|purple|16.4}}
| |
| {{bar percent|[[Solarian Catholic Church|Solarian Catholic]]|yellow|11.8}}
| |
| {{bar percent|[[Amendism|Amendist]]|darkblue|8.3}}
| |
| {{bar percent|[[Native pantheons in Valentir|Native pagan]]|orange|6.6}}
| |
| {{bar percent|[[Irfan|Irfanic]]|green|2.4}}
| |
| {{bar percent|[[Tenkyou]]|pink|2.1}}
| |
| {{bar percent|[[Taojiao]]|teal|1.5}}
| |
| {{bar percent|Other|black|1.1}}
| |
| {{bar percent|{{wp|Irreligion|Irreligious}}|grey|49.8}}
| |
| }}
| |
| ===Migration===
| |
| | |
| ===Healthcare===
| |
| | |
| ===Education===
| |
| {{main|Education in Valentir}}
| |
| According to a 2016 report by the [[Council for Economic Co-operation and Development]] (CECD), Valentir is one of the most educated countries in the world; the country ranks first worldwide in the number of adults having tertiary education, with 53 percent of Valentirian adults having attained at least an undergraduate college or university degree. Valentir spends about 8.3% of its GDP on education. The country invests heavily in tertiary education (more than 30 000 FD per student). As of 2014, 93 percent of adults aged 25 to 64 have earned the equivalent of a high-school degree, compared to a CECD average of 75 percent.
| |
| | |
| Since the adoption of section 23 of the Concordat of the Free Peoples, education in both Estmerish and Gaullican has been available in most places across Valentir. Valentirian provinces and territories are responsible for education provision. The mandatory school age ranges between 6–7 to 17–18 years, contributing to an adult literacy rate of 99 percent. In 2002, 57 percent of Valentirians aged 25 to 64 possessed a post-secondary education; for those aged 25 to 34, the rate of post-secondary education reached 64 percent. The Programme for International Student Assessment indicates that Valentirian students perform well above the CECD average, particularly in mathematics, science, and reading.
| |
| | |
| Valentir has 44 government-funded universities and 9 private universities, as well as a number of other specialist institutions that provide approved courses at the higher education level. The CECD places Valentir among the most expensive nations to attend university. There is a state-based system of vocational training, known as FTAP, and many trades conduct apprenticeships for training new tradespeople. The two top-ranking universities in Valentir are [[Fairfax University, Valeins]] and [[Middleton University]], which have produced {{wp|List of Valentirian Nobel laureates|19 Nobel Prize laureates}}. The Programme for International Student Assessment coordinated by the CECD currently ranks the overall knowledge and skills of Valentirian 17-year-olds as Xth best in the world.
| |
| ==Economy==
| |
| {{Main|Economy of Valentir}}
| |
| [[File:17 30 008 coit tower.jpg|thumb|[[Kensington Plaza]] in [[Harborough]] is the financial capital of Valentir.]]
| |
| Valentir has a {{wp|World Bank high-income economy|high-income}} {{wp|Mixed economy|mixed market economy}} which is fueled by abundant {{wp|Natural resource|natural resources}}, a highly skilled {{wp|Workforce|labour force}}, a low level of corruption, and a high level of {{wp|Innovation|innovation}}. In 2019 Valentir's estimated {{wp|nominal GDP}} was $2.584 trillion, the Xth largest in the world. It is the world's {{wp|Export|Xth largest exporter of goods}}, and has the largest national economy in [[Sublustria]] and [[Asteria Inferior]].
| |
| | |
| The Ministry for Finance (''Ministère des finances'') is responsible for setting government expenditure and implementing government financial policy. The [[Federal Reserve Bank of Valentir]] is the country's central bank and is responsible for issuing notes and coins in the nation's currency, the [[Valentirian pound|pound]]. Provincial banks retain the right to issue their own notes, subject to retaining enough Federal Reserve notes in reserve to cover their issue. Since 1983 the Federal Reserve, headed by the [[Chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of Valentir|Chairman of the Federal Reserve]], has been responsible for setting interest rates at the level necessary to achieve the overall inflation target for the economy that is set by the Finance minister each year.
| |
| | |
| ===Agriculture===
| |
| Valentir is a major agricultural producer and exporter, with over 525,300 employed in agriculture, forestry and fishing as of January 2016. Agriculture and its closely related sectors earn $216 billion-a-year for a 8% share of GDP. Farmers and graziers own 347,025 farms, covering 51% of Valentir's landmass. Approximately 53% of all farms across Valentir belong to the state, with a further 29% that are still owned by indigenous groups or tribes. Across the country there is a mix of irrigation and dry-land farming. Valentir leads the world with 59 million hectares certified organic, which is 17% of Valentir's agricultural land and Valentir now accounts for more than half (60%) of the world's certified organic agriculture hectares.
| |
| | |
| Valentir is one of the world's leading producers and exporters of {{wp|Beef|beef}}, {{wp|Wheat|wheat}}, {{wp|Lamb and mutton|lamb}}, {{wp|Poultry|poultry}}, {{wp|Milk|milk}}, {{wp|Vegetables|vegetables}}, {{wp|Fruits|fruits}} and {{wp|Wool|wool}}.
| |
| | |
| Valentir has a large wine industry, and the value of wine exports surpassed $3 billion in 2014-2015. Wine regions include the Mirabella Valley in Tarrington, Amaranthine in Westcliff, Dryden River in Kensington and the Recherche Valley in Talissieu. The key wine varieties grown in Valentir are {{wp|Chardonnay}}, {{wp|Shiraz}} and {{wp|Cabernet Sauvignon}}.
| |
| ===Mining===
| |
| | |
| ===Tourism===
| |
| | |
| ===Energy===
| |
| [[File:Baton Rouge Refinery Aerial (33297400065).jpg|280px|thumb|left|The [[Abstergo Industries|Abstergo]] [[Harwich Petroleum Refinery|Harwich petrol refinery]] is the largest in the [[Asterias]].]]
| |
| In 2018, Valentir was the world's 4th largest energy producer with 27.5 quadrillions BTU, and the 11th largest energy consumer, with 10.7 quadrillions BTU. The country has significant energy resources, including 101,500,000,000 barrels of conventional oil and 2,866,000,000,000 barrels of natural gas reserves, 4 billion barrels of oil-equivalent of coal-based methane (CBM) resources, and 59 billion tonnes of recoverable coal. The extent of these reserves have led many to consider Valentir one of the {{wp|Energy superpower|energy superpowers}} in [[Kylaris]].
| |
| | |
| Valentir is one of the few developed nations that is a net exporter of energy—in 2016 net exports of energy products amounted to 3.8% of GDP. Most important are the large oil and gas resources centred in Harwich and Talissieu, but also present in neighbouring Rotorua and Kensington. The vast X oil sands give Valentir the world's Xth largest reserves of oil after [[Zorasan]] and whoever else according to USGS. In Westcliff and Vallois, as well as Laussonne, Harwich, Ghislaine and Talissieu, hydroelectric power is an inexpensive and relatively environmentally friendly source of abundant energy. In part because of this, Valentir is also one of the world's highest per capita consumers of energy. Cheap energy has enabled the creation of several important industries, such as the large aluminum industries in Harwich and New Ardougne.
| |
| ===Infrastructure===
| |
| | |
| ==Culture== | | ==Culture== |
|
| |
| ===Literature===
| |
|
| |
| ===Media===
| |
|
| |
| ===Music===
| |
|
| |
| ===Sport===
| |
|
| |
| ===Cuisine===
| |
|
| |
| [[Category:Kylaris]]
| |
| [[Category:Valentir]]
| |
| [[Category:Countries]]
| |
Valeins
Harborough
587,953,442
49.8