List of British Monarchs (Hanover): Difference between revisions

Revision as of 06:33, 10 March 2024

Name Reign	Duration of reign	Arms	Birth Date, location, parents	Marriage	Death	Age	House
Mary III^[1] Mary Elizabeth William Stuart 1 May 1707 – 12 October 1766	59 years, 165 days		1 March 1680 Huis Honselaarsdijk Daughter of William III of England and Mary II of England	George I St James's Palace 11 August 1705 7 children	12 October 1766 Kensington Palace	86 years, 225 days	Stuart-Orange-Nassau
George I^[2] George Augustus 1 May 1707 – 25 October 1760	53 years, 178 days		30 October 1683 Herrenhausen Palace Son of George I, Elector of Hanover and Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle	Mary III St James's Palace 11 August 1705 7 children	25 October 1760 Kensington Palace	76 years, 350 days	Hanover-Stuart-Orange-Nassau (1707 - 1924)
George II George William Frederick 12 October 1766 – 29 January 1820	53 years, 110 days	until 1801 1801–1816 from 1816	4 June 1738 Norfolk House Son of Frederick, Prince of Wales and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha	Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz St James's Palace 8 September 1761 15 children	29 January 1820 Windsor Castle	81 years, 228 days
George III George Augustus Frederick 29 January 1820 – 26 June 1830	10 years, 149 days		12 August 1762 St James's Palace Son of George II and III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz	Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel St James's Palace 8 April 1795 No children	26 June 1830 Windsor Castle	67 years, 318 days
William IV^[3] William Henry 26 June 1830 – 20 June 1837	6 years, 360 days		21 August 1765 Buckingham Palace Son of George II and III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz	Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen Kew Palace 13 July 1818 3 children	20 June 1837 Windsor Castle	71 years, 303 days
Victoria^[4] Alexandrina Victoria 20 June 1837 – Abdicated 7 July 1837	18 days		24 May 1819 Kensington Palace Daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn and Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld	Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha St James's Palace 10 February 1840 9 children	22 January 1901 Osborne House	81 years, 243 days
William V^[5] William Henry Arthur Frederick 7 July 1837 – 30 January 1913	75 years, 208 days		7 July 1837 Marlborough House Son of William IV and Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen	Louise of Prussia St James's Palace 9 June 1857 4 children	30 January 1913 Buckingham Palace	75 years, 207 days
George IV^[6] George Arthur Leopold Frederick 30 January 1913 – 5 January 1923	9 years, 341 days		3 January 1862 Buckingham Palace Son of William V and Louise of Prussia	Sophia of Prussia St James's Palace 22 August 1887 4 children	5 January 1923 Rideau Hall	61 years, 2 days
Frederick^[7] Edward Frederick William 5 January 1923 – 7 July 1951	28 years, 184 days		22 November 1895 Rideau Hall Son of George IV and Sophia of Prussia	(1) Victoria Louise of Prussia Berlin Palace 5 January 1913 2 sons (2) Margaretha of Sweden Westminster Abbey 11 July 1925 1 daughter	7 July 1951 Buckingham Palace	55 years, 227 days	Amsterdam-Windsor (1924 - 2007)
Charles III Charles Frederick William Louis 7 July 1951 – Abdicated 15 January 1997	45 years, 193 days		15 January 1917 Haga Palace Son of Frederick and Victoria Louise of Prussia	Lauren Bacall Oheka Castle 15 January 1950 3 children	2 March 2011 Buckingham Palace	94 years, 46 days
Thomas Thomas William Frederick Francis Albert Charles 15 January 1997 – Abdicated 13 October 2017	20 years, 272 days		17 December 1957 Balmoral Castle Son of Charles III and Lauren Bacall	Christy Turlington Oheka Castle 14 June 1995 7 children	Living	66 years, 343 days
Alexandra Alexandra Katharine Charles Nicole Lauren Elizabeth Thomas 13 October 2017 – Present	7 years, 43 days		11 May 1996 Margaretha House Daughter of Thomas and Christy Turlington	Jack Schlossberg Westminster Abbey 1 January 2024	Living	28 years, 197 days	Hanover-Stuart-Orange-Nassau (2007 - Present)

↑ For roughly one hundred and thirty years long, at fifty-nine years, Mary III was the longest reigning British monarch until she was surpassed by her great-great-grandson William V who reigned throughout the entirety of his life for seventy-five years long, the longest of any monarchs in history until surpassed by Hungary's King Otto II.
↑ Despite not officially being the son of a British monarch, George I still held the title King of Great Britain and Ireland by manner of jure uxoris through his marriage to Mary III, the actual reigning monarch. A similar situation existed beforehand in which Spain's King Philip II, via his marriage to Queen Mary I of England, was also jure uxoris King of England and Ireland. Moreover, through the prior marriages of his parents and grandparents, George is also the first monarch of the Hanover-Stuart-Orange-Nassau dynasty which currently rules the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg to the present day.
↑ At sixty-five years old, William IV is the oldest monarch to ascend to the British throne, succeeding his older brother George III. Conversely, his son William V is the youngest British monarch ever, having succeeded to the throne immediately upon his birth.
↑ At only eighteen days long, Victoria is the shortest-reigning British monarch in history with her reign being abruptly cut short by the birth of her cousin William V who was the son of her predecessor William IV. Consequently, she is the first British monarch in history to abdicate the throne. However, prior to immediately being surpassed by her successor, she was the youngest British monarch at just eighteen years old.
↑ Having reigned for much of his entire life for roughly seventy-five years long, William V was formerly the longest reigning monarch of all time, having surpassed the previous record of seventy-two years held by France's King Louis XIV. However, this record was later surpassed by Hungary's King Otto II who reigned for a total of eighty-five years until his abdication.
↑ As a result of the defeat of the German Empire in World War I, its constituent states that bordered Hanover, namely Oldenburg, Brunswick, Schaumburg-Lippe, and Waldeck and Pyrmont were annexed by the victorious United Kingdom to form Hanover's modern-day borders, thereby dethroning their contemporary rulers. In this, by right of conquest, the British monarch George IV proclaimed himself as the new ruler of the annexed states with their accompanying titles being considered subsidiary titles for the British monarch. However, rising anti-German sentiment during the post-war period saw the use of these titles temporarily discontinued before being put into use again by King Thomas. Regardless, the use of these titles by the British monarch has proved controversial and is strongly contested by the heirs to the defunct thrones of the aforementioned states.
↑ Until 1947, the year the British Raj officially came to an end, Frederick reigned as the third and last Emperor of India. The title was officially abolished via the passage of the Indian Independence Act 1947.

[1] For roughly one hundred and thirty years long, at fifty-nine years, Mary III was the longest reigning British monarch until she was surpassed by her great-great-grandson William V who reigned throughout the entirety of his life for seventy-five years long, the longest of any monarchs in history until surpassed by Hungary's King Otto II.

[2] Despite not officially being the son of a British monarch, George I still held the title King of Great Britain and Ireland by manner of jure uxoris through his marriage to Mary III, the actual reigning monarch. A similar situation existed beforehand in which Spain's King Philip II, via his marriage to Queen Mary I of England, was also jure uxoris King of England and Ireland. Moreover, through the prior marriages of his parents and grandparents, George is also the first monarch of the Hanover-Stuart-Orange-Nassau dynasty which currently rules the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg to the present day.

[3] At sixty-five years old, William IV is the oldest monarch to ascend to the British throne, succeeding his older brother George III. Conversely, his son William V is the youngest British monarch ever, having succeeded to the throne immediately upon his birth.

[4] At only eighteen days long, Victoria is the shortest-reigning British monarch in history with her reign being abruptly cut short by the birth of her cousin William V who was the son of her predecessor William IV. Consequently, she is the first British monarch in history to abdicate the throne. However, prior to immediately being surpassed by her successor, she was the youngest British monarch at just eighteen years old.

[5] Having reigned for much of his entire life for roughly seventy-five years long, William V was formerly the longest reigning monarch of all time, having surpassed the previous record of seventy-two years held by France's King Louis XIV. However, this record was later surpassed by Hungary's King Otto II who reigned for a total of eighty-five years until his abdication.

[6] As a result of the defeat of the German Empire in World War I, its constituent states that bordered Hanover, namely Oldenburg, Brunswick, Schaumburg-Lippe, and Waldeck and Pyrmont were annexed by the victorious United Kingdom to form Hanover's modern-day borders, thereby dethroning their contemporary rulers. In this, by right of conquest, the British monarch George IV proclaimed himself as the new ruler of the annexed states with their accompanying titles being considered subsidiary titles for the British monarch. However, rising anti-German sentiment during the post-war period saw the use of these titles temporarily discontinued before being put into use again by King Thomas. Regardless, the use of these titles by the British monarch has proved controversial and is strongly contested by the heirs to the defunct thrones of the aforementioned states.

[7] Until 1947, the year the British Raj officially came to an end, Frederick reigned as the third and last Emperor of India. The title was officially abolished via the passage of the Indian Independence Act 1947.

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 |[[File:Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg|100px]]
 | 15 January 1917<br/>{{wp|Haga Palace}}<hr/>Son of [[Frederick of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands|Frederick]]<br/>and {{wp|Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia|Victoria Louise of Prussia}}
-| {{wp|Lauren Bacall}}<br/>{{wp|Oheka Castle}}<br/>15 January 1947<br/>3 children
+| {{wp|Lauren Bacall}}<br/>{{wp|Oheka Castle}}<br/>15 January 1950<br/>3 children
 | 2 March 2011<br/>{{wp|Buckingham Palace}}
 | {{Ayd|1917|1|15|2011|3|2}}

List of British Monarchs (Hanover): Difference between revisions

Revision as of 06:33, 10 March 2024

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