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| =Konalanese language=
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| {{Infobox language
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| | name = Konalanese
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| | nativename = ''ʻŌlelo Konalani''
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| | pronunciation = [ʔoːˈlɛlo ˈko.naˈla.ni]
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| | state = [[Konalani]]
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| | ethnicity = [[Native Konalanese|Native Konalanese]]
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| | speakers = {{wp|First language|L1}}: 30,000
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| | date = 2020
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| | speakers2 = {{wp|Second language|L2}}: 75,000 (2020)<br>Total: 105,000
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| | familycolor = Boreaurelian
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| | fam2 = Marenesian
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| | fam3 = Orientic
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| | ancestor = {{wp|Proto-Polynesian language|Proto-Orientic}}
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| | script = {{wp|Latin script|Latin}}<br>Orientic Braille
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| | sign = Konalanese Signed Language
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| | nation = {{flag|Konalani}}
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| | iso1 = ko
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| | iso2 = kon
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| | iso3 = kon
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| | map = Lang_Status_60-DE.svg
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| | mapcaption = {{center|Konalanese is classified as Definitely Endangered by the [[Assembled Nations]]}}
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| | notice = IPA
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| }}
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| '''Konalanese''' (''ʻŌlelo Konalani'', pronounced [ʔoːˈlɛlo ˈko.naˈla.ni]) is a [[Orientic languages|Orientic]] language indigenous to the islands of [[Konalani]], where it is an official language. As of 2020, around 30,000 declare fluency in Konalanese as a first language, while an additional 75,000 claim varying levels of fluency in it as a second language. Konalanese is closely related to [[Taruan language|Taruan]], which developed out of Konalanese from the 11th century onwards.
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| Forming as the language of the [[Native Konalanese]] from the 6th century onwards, Konalanese as a living language faced a rapid decline in the 19th century, as the arrival of {{wp|English langauge|Anglish}} and [[Oharic language|Oharic]]-speaking settlers displaced the Native Konalanese, alongside a population decline within the indigenous population due to disease and poverty. In 1948, Konalanese was re-affirmed as one of three official languages in Konalani, and since the 1950s has seen a revival in its use in governmental, academic, and private spaces. Despite this growth, Konalanese is classified as Definitely Endangered by the [[Assembled Nations]], one of the few official languages of an internationally recognized sovereign state to be given this designation.
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| ==Family and origin==
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| ==History==
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| {{Pie chart
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| | thumb = left
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| | caption= Konalanese speakers in Konalani, 2020.
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| | label1 = {{wp|First language}}
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| | value1 = 24.70
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| | color1 = red
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| | label2 = {{wp|Second language}}
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| | value2 = 61.74
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| | color2 = pink
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| | label3 = Non-speakers
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| | value3 = 13.57
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| | color3 = white
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| }}
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| ==Orthography==
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| |- style="text-align:center;"
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| ! Aa || Ee || Ii || Oo || Uu || Hh || Kk || Ll || Mm || Nn || Pp || Ww || {{big|{{wp|ʻOkina|ʻ}}
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| |- style="text-align:center;"
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| | {{IPA|/a/}} || {{IPA|/e/}} || {{IPA|/i/}} || {{IPA|/o/}} || {{IPA|/u/}} || {{IPA|/h/}} || {{IPA|/k~t/}} || {{IPA|/l/}} || {{IPA|/m/}} || {{IPA|/n/}} || {{IPA|/p/}} || {{IPA|/v~w/}} || {{IPA|/{{wp|Glottal stop|ʔ}}/}}
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| |}
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| ===History===
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| ==Phonology==
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| ===Consonants===
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
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| |+ Consonants
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| !
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| !{{wp|labial consonant|Labial}}
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| !{{wp|alveolar consonant|Alveolar}}
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| !{{wp|velar consonant|Velar}}
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| !{{wp|glottal consonant|Glottal}}
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| |-
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| !{{wp|Nasal stop|Nasal}}
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| | {{IPA link|m}}
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| | {{IPA link|n}}
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| |-
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| !{{wp|Plosive}}
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| | {{IPA link|p}}
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| | colspan=2|{{IPA link|t}} ~ {{IPA link|k}}
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| | {{IPA link|ʔ}}
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| |-
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| !{{wp|Fricative}}
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| | rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|w}} ~ {{IPA link|v}}
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| | {{IPA link|h}}
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| |-
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| !{{wp|Sonorant}}
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| | {{IPA link|l}} ~ {{IPA link|ɾ}}
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| |}
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|
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| ===Vowels===
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| <div style=display:inline-grid>
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
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| |+ {{wp|Monophthong}}s
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| ! rowspan=2 |
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| ! colspan=2 | {{wp|Vowel length|Short}}
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| ! colspan=2 | {{wp|Vowel length|Long}}
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| |-
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| ! {{wp|Front vowel|Front}}
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| ! {{wp|Back vowel|Back}}
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| ! Front
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| ! Back
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| |-
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| !{{wp|Close vowel|Close}}
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| |{{IPA link|i}}
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| |{{IPA link|u}}
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| |{{IPA link|iː}}
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| |{{IPA link|uː}}
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| |-
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| ! {{wp|Mid vowel|Mid}}
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| |{{IPA link|ɛ}} ~ {{IPA link|e}}
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| |{{IPA link|o}}
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| |{{IPA link|eː}}
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| |{{IPA link|oː}}
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| |-
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| ! {{wp|Open vowel|Open}}
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| | colspan=2 | {{IPA link|a}} ~ {{IPA link|ɐ}} ~ {{IPA link|ə}}
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| | colspan=2 | {{IPA link|aː}}
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| |}
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| </div>
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| <div style=display:inline-grid>
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| {|class="wikitable"
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| |+ Short {{wp|diphthong}}s
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| ! colspan=2 rowspan=2 |
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| ! colspan=4 | Ending with...
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| |-
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| ! {{IPA|/u/}}
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| ! {{IPA|/i/}}
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| ! {{IPA|/o/}}
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| ! {{IPA|/e/}}
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| |-
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| ! rowspan=4 {{vert header|Starting with...}}
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| ! {{IPA|/i/}}
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| | {{IPA|iu}}
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| |-
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| ! {{IPA|/o/}}
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| | {{IPA|ou}}
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| | {{IPA|oi}}
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| |-
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| ! {{IPA|/e/}}
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| | {{IPA|eu}}
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| | {{IPA|ei}}
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| |-
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| ! {{IPA|/a/}}
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| | {{IPA|au}}
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| | {{IPA|ai}}
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| | {{IPA|ao}}
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| | {{IPA|ae}}
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| |}
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| </div>
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| <div style=display:inline-grid>
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| {|class="wikitable"
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| |+Long diphthongs
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| ! colspan=2 rowspan=2 |
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| ! colspan=4 | Ending with...
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| |-
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| ! {{IPA|/u/}}
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| ! {{IPA|/i/}}
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| ! {{IPA|/o/}}
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| ! {{IPA|/e/}}
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| |-
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| ! rowspan=3 {{vert header|Starting with...}}
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| ! {{IPA|/o/}}
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| | {{IPA|oːu}}
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| |-
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| ! {{IPA|/e/}}
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| | {{IPA|eːi}}
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| |-
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| ! {{IPA|/a/}}
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| | {{IPA|aːu}}
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| | {{IPA|aːi}}
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| | {{IPA|aːo}}
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| | {{IPA|aːe}}
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| |}
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| </div>
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| ==See also==
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| =Native Konalanese= | | =Native Konalanese= |
| {{Infobox ethnic group | | {{Infobox ethnic group |
