The Diutchelies Language: Difference between revisions
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==Verbs== | ==Verbs== | ||
Verbs are the very core of a sentence, where it is needed to form a sentence. This language uses helping verbs to form some tenses. Diutchelies has a continuous mood, but it is an unrecognised mood by the Linguist Academy of Starkia, and the common use is not fully standardised. The further use of continuous would be considered informal. Despite that status, a standardised version is listed. Verbs in Diutchelies either have the endings of -er or -ir, both have the similar conjugations. To make a verb passive (to be verbed) instead of active, | Verbs are the very core of a sentence, where it is needed to form a sentence. This language uses helping verbs to form some tenses. Diutchelies has a continuous mood, but it is an unrecognised mood by the Linguist Academy of Starkia, and the common use is not fully standardised. The further use of continuous would be considered informal. Despite that status, a standardised version is listed. Verbs in Diutchelies either have the endings of -er or -ir, both have the similar conjugations. To make a verb passive (to be verbed) instead of active, attach seis to the beginning of the verb. If the verb starts with an S, such as Sterbaner, “To Die”/“To Kill”, the two Ss will merge and become ß: Ir wir seißterbanti, “I was killed”. | ||
Below is the model conjugations of verbs. | Below is the model conjugations of verbs. | ||
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{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" | {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" | ||
| colspan="10"| '''''Sterbaner''''', “To Die” | | colspan="10"| '''''Sterbaner''''', “To Die”, “To Kill” | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="3" | Mood || rowspan="3" | Tense & Aspect || colspan="6" | Number and person || rowspan="3" | Equivalent <br>Translation<br>(only in 1st) | ! rowspan="3" | Mood || rowspan="3" | Tense & Aspect || colspan="6" | Number and person || rowspan="3" | Equivalent <br>Translation<br>(only in 1st) | ||
Revision as of 15:14, 28 March 2024
| Diutchelies | |
|---|---|
| Pronunciation | dˈɔ͡øst͡ʃəlˌiːs |
| Native to | Diutche, Östendiutche |
| Ethnicity | Diutcheliche |
Native speakers | 73.2 Million (2018) |
Germanic
| |
| Diutcheliche Alphabet (Latin Script) | |
| Official status | |
Official language in | Diutche, Östendiutche |
| Regulated by | The Linguist Academy of Starkia |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | di |
| ISO 639-2 | diu |
| ISO 639-3 | diu |
| Glottolog | Diutchelies[1] |
| Linguasphere | German |
The Diutche language, Diutchelies, has 3 genders and 4 cases. Like its many Germanic counterparts, there is not a set word order for the cases (there is a rigid word order for things such as adjectives, adverbs, and the like). The three genders are Feminine, Masculine, and Neuter, while the cases are Nominative (Subject), Accusative (Direct Object), Genitive (Possession), and Dative (Indirect Object). Now, when discussing crowds of people, or things of unknown gender, the neuter case is used, in place of feminine or masculine singular and plural declensions.
Articles
Like its fellow languages, ‘the’ (Definitive Article) and ‘a(n)’ (Indefinite Article) changes in to match the declensions; Nouns too will have declensions based upon the case, and if it is singular or plural, while still agreeing to the genders when plural, unlike ‘the’ and ‘a(n)’. Down below are the charts for ‘the’ and ‘a(n)’.
| Definite | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indefinite | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pronouns
Like other languages, Diutchelies has 4 main types of pronouns, Subject (I, We), Direct (me, us), Indirect (also me and us in English) and Genitive. However, what sets it aside is that, while other Germanic languages tend to have an informal and formal pair of you (singular and plural, Diutchelies has two types of Subject Pronouns lists, Informal and Formal. The language does not have any other Informal or Formal pronoun list. The neuter gender acts like ‘They, Them’ in English, either stating an unknown gender, a gender neutral term, or in a situation where she and he is of little importance. The pronouns are as such:
| Formal Subject | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Informal Subject | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Direct | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Indirect | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Nouns
Nouns have their own set of declensions and rules. Diutchelies has two types of noun declensions, Strong and Weak. The main difference is that the Strong indicates the gender and case much clearer than Weak. However, the Weak declension will only be used by adjectives if there is a determiner before it. Unless the determiner is an Itehr word, or a possessive pronoun, which it will take the Strong declension, and the noun will not take a declension. One with a keen eye may start to see some patterns shared between the Indefinite and Definite articles with these declensions. Down below is the chart of declensions:
| Strong | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weak | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For both declensions, if the noun ends with an "e" and the declension starts with "e," remove the first "e" and turn the second "e" into "ē". When ending with an “i”, it will change to “ï” and the following “e” will remain.
Things such as demonyms or the names of groups are unique, and do not use the above declensions. They will retain their current ending (-e) for all singular declensions, while gaining -n for masculine plural, -ne for feminine plural, and -se for neuter plural
Verbs
Verbs are the very core of a sentence, where it is needed to form a sentence. This language uses helping verbs to form some tenses. Diutchelies has a continuous mood, but it is an unrecognised mood by the Linguist Academy of Starkia, and the common use is not fully standardised. The further use of continuous would be considered informal. Despite that status, a standardised version is listed. Verbs in Diutchelies either have the endings of -er or -ir, both have the similar conjugations. To make a verb passive (to be verbed) instead of active, attach seis to the beginning of the verb. If the verb starts with an S, such as Sterbaner, “To Die”/“To Kill”, the two Ss will merge and become ß: Ir wir seißterbanti, “I was killed”.
Below is the model conjugations of verbs.
Model Conjugation
| Komtanir, “To Come” | |||||||||
| Mood | Tense & Aspect | Number and person | Equivalent Translation (only in 1st) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | ||||||||
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | ||||
| Indicative | Present | komtani | komtanis | komtanit | komtanin | komtanist | komtanint | I come | |
| Simple Past | komtanti | komtantis | komtantit | komtantin | komtantist | komtantint | I came | ||
| Imperfect | wir komtani | wirs komtanis | wirt komtanit | wiren komtanin | wiren komtanist | wiren komtanint | I was coming | ||
| Future | wil komtani | wil komtani | wilt komtani | wile komtani | wile komtani | wilte komtani | I will come | ||
| Perfect | Present | hase komtanti | hast komtantis | hast komtantit | hase komtantin | has komtantist | has komtantint | I have come | |
| Pluperfect | hatet komtanti | hate komtantis | hatet komtantit | hater komtantin | hates komtantist | hater komtantint | I had come | ||
| Future | wil hase komtanti | wil hast komtantis | wilt hast komtantit | wile hase komtantin | wile has komtantist | wilte has komtantint | I will have come | ||
| Imperative | Present | komtanē | komtanē | komtanē | (You) come! | ||||
| Sterbaner, “To Die”, “To Kill” | |||||||||
| Mood | Tense & Aspect | Number and person | Equivalent Translation (only in 1st) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | ||||||||
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | ||||
| Indicative | Present | sterbane | sterbanes | sterbanet | sterbanen | sterbanest | sterbanent | I die | |
| Simple Past | sterbante | sterbantes | sterbantet | sterbanten | sterbantest | sterbantent | I died | ||
| Imperfect | wir sterbane | wirs sterbanes | wirt sterbanet | wiren sterbanen | wiren sterbanest | wiren sterbanent | I was dying | ||
| Future | wil sterbane | wil sterbane | wilt sterbane | wile sterbane | wile sterbane | wilte sterbane | I will die | ||
| Perfect | Present | hase sterbante | hast sterbantes | hast sterbantet | hase sterbanten | has sterbantest | has sterbantent | I have died | |
| Pluperfect | hatet sterbante | hate sterbantes | hatet sterbantet | hater sterbanten | hates sterbantest | hater sterbantent | I had died | ||
| Future | wil hase sterbante | wil hast sterbantes | wilt hast sterbantet | wile hase sterbanten | wile has sterbantest | wilte has sterbantent | I will have died | ||
| Imperative | Present | sterbanī | sterbanī | sterbanī | (You) die! | ||||
Irregulars
| Seir, “To Be” | |||||||||
| Mood | Tense & Aspect | Number and person | Equivalent Translation (only in 1st) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | ||||||||
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | ||||
| Indicative | Present | amt | ist | ist | seid | seid | seid | I am | |
| simple Past | wir | wirs | wirt | wiren | wiren | wiren | I was | ||
| Imperfect | wir se | wirs se | wirt se | wiren se | wiren se | wiren se | I was being | ||
| Future | wil sei | wil sei | wilt sei | wile sei | wile sei | wilte sei | I will be | ||
| Perfect | Present | hase wir | hast wirs | hast wirt | hase wiren | has wiren | has wiren | I have been | |
| Pluperfect | hatet wir | hate wirs | hatet wirt | hater wiren | hates wiren | hater wiren | I had been | ||
| Future | wil hase wir | wil hast wirs | wilt hast wirt | wile hase wiren | wile has wiren | wilte has wiren | I will have been | ||
| Imperative | Present | sā | sā | sā | (You) be! | ||||
| Haser, “To Have” | |||||||||
| Mood | Tense & Aspect | Number and person | Equivalent Translation (only in 1st) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | ||||||||
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | ||||
| Indicative | Present | hase | hast | hast | hase | has | has | I have | |
| simple Past | hatet | hate | hatet | hater | hates | hater | I had | ||
| Imperfect | wir hasa | wirs hasa | wirt hast | wiren hat | wiren hat | wiren hat | I was having | ||
| Future | wil hase | wil hase | wilt hase | wile hase | wile hase | wilte hase | I will be | ||
| Perfect | Present | hase hatet | hast hate | hast hatet | hase hater | has hates | has hater | I have had | |
| Pluperfect | hatet hatet | hate hate | hatet hatet | hater hater | hates hates | hater hater | I had had | ||
| Future | wil hase hatet | wil hast hate | wilt hast hatet | wile hase hater | wile has hates | wilte has hater | I will have had | ||
| Imperative | Present | hasī | hasī | hasī | (You) have! | ||||
| Gehsir, “To Go” | |||||||||
| Mood | Tense & Aspect | Number and person | Equivalent Translation (only in 1st) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | ||||||||
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | ||||
| Indicative | Present | gehse | gehses | gehset | gehsen | gehsest | gehsent | I go | |
| simple Past | gehst | gehßt | gehßti | gehsit | gehßit | gehßiti | I went | ||
| Imperfect | wir gehs | wirs gehs | wirt gehs | wiren gehs | wiren gehs | wiren gehs | I was going | ||
| Future | wil gehse | wil gehse | wilt gehse | wile gehse | wile gehse | wilte gehse | I will go | ||
| Perfect | Present | hase gehst | hast gehßt | hast gehßti | hase gehsit | has gehßit | has gehßiti | I have gone | |
| Pluperfect | hatet gehst | hate gehßt | hatet gehßti | hater gehsit | hates gehßit | hater gehßiti | I had gone | ||
| Future | wil hase gehst | wil hast gehßt | wilt hast gehßti | wile hase gehsit | wile has gehßit | wilte has gehßiti | I will have gone | ||
| Imperative | Present | ghē | ghē | ghē | (You) go! | ||||
| seihar, “To see” | |||||||||
| Mood | Tense & Aspect | Number and person | Equivalent Translation (only in 1st) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | ||||||||
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | ||||
| Indicative | Present | seihs | seiht | seiht | seihan | seihast | seihant | I see | |
| simple Past | seihra | seihras | seihrat | seihrain | seihraist | seihraint | I saw | ||
| Imperfect | wir seihpa | wirs seihpa | wirt seihpa | wiren seihpas | wiren seihpas | wiren seihpast | I was seeing | ||
| Future | wil seiha | wil seiha | wilt seiha | wile seiha | wile seiha | wilte seiha | I will see | ||
| Perfect | Present | hase seihra | hast seihras | hast seihrat | hase seihrain | has seihraist | has seihra | I have seen | |
| Pluperfect | hatet seihra | hate seihras | hatet seihrat | hater seihrain | hates seihraist | hater seihraint | I had seen | ||
| Future | wil hase seihra | wil hast seihras | wilt hast seihrat | wile hase seihrain | wile has seihraist | wilte has seihraint | I will have seen | ||
| Imperative | Present | sæ | sæ | sæ | (You) see! | ||||
Gender
Here is a list of what each gender is designated with. There are exceptions and word groups that do not belong to any.
| Feminine | Masculine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|
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Alphabet
| A, a | Ā, ā | B, b | C, c | D, d | E, e |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /aː/ | /aːaː/ | /beː/ | /t͡seː/ | /deː/ | /eː/ |
| Ē, ē | F, f | G, g | H, h | I, i | Ī, ī |
| /eeː/ | /ɛf/ | /ɡeː/ | /haː/ | /iː/ | /iiː/ |
| Ï, ï | J, j | K, k | L, l | M, m | N, n |
| /iː iː/ | /jeː/ | /kaː/ | /ɛl/ | /ɛm/ | /ɛn/ |
| O, o | Ō, ō | P, p | ! Q, q | R, r | S, s |
| /oː/ | /oːoː/ | /peː/ | /kuː/ | /ɛʁ/ | /ɛs/ |
| ß | T, t | U, u | Ū, ū | V, v | W, w |
| /ɛsˈt͡sɛt/ | /teː/ | /uː/ | /uuː/ | /faʊ̯/ | /veː/ |
| X, x | Y, y | Z, z | |||
| /ɪks/ | /ˈʏpsilɔn/ | /t͡sɛt/ |
Dictionary
| Word | Classification | Type | Translation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1, ens | Noun | Masculine | One | |
| 2, Zwē | Noun | Masculine | Two | |
| 3, Drē | Noun | Masculine | Three | |
| 4, Viē | Noun | Masculine | Four | |
| 5, Fūr | Noun, Preposition | Masculine | Five, For | |
| 6, Sex | Noun | Masculine | Six | |
| 7, Siēb | Noun | Masculine | Seven | |
| 8, Acht | Noun | Masculine | Eight | |
| 9, Nūn | Noun | Masculine | Nine | |
| 10, Zēn | Noun | Masculine | Ten | |
| Arbe | Noun | Feminine | Tree | |
| Āß | Conjunction | As | ||
| Berg | Noun | Feminine | Mountain | |
| Blud | Noun, Adjective | Neuter | Blood | |
| Bluße | Noun, Adjective | Feminine | Blue | |
| Bukston | Noun | Masculine | Letter | |
| Burg | Noun | Neurer | Castle, Fort, Fortress, City | |
| Caybe | Noun | Masculine | Thought, Idea | |
| Diūse | Noun | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Deity | |
| Dralt | Noun | Feminine | Drawing, Art | |
| End | Conjunction | And | ||
| Erte | Noun | Feminine | Earth | |
| Familie | Noun | Feminine | Family | |
| Fāhgeī | Noun | Neuter | Ability | |
| Feria | Noun, Adjective | Neuter | Iron | |
| Fïatch | Noun | Masculine | Faith | |
| Fïatcher | Verb | Regular | To Have Faith, To Believe | |
| Freī | Adjective | Free | ||
| Freir | Verb | Irregular [2] | To Free | |
| Fran | Noun | Feminine | Woman | |
| Gewlēnīer | Verb | Regular | To Gain | |
| Glayber | Verb | Regular | To Think, To Believe | |
| Glēch | Noun, Adjective | Neuter | Same | |
| Gobvernir | Verb | Regular | To Govern, To Rule | |
| Gobverneur | Noun | Masculine | Governor | |
| Gobverneūrin | Noun | Feminine | Governor | |
| Gott | Noun | Masculine | God, Yahweh | |
| Gottschūß | Interjection | Goodbye | ||
| Graß | Noun | Feminine | Grass | |
| Grup | Noun | Neuter | Group | |
| Gute | Noun, Adjective | Neuter | Good | |
| Gutē Mogte | Interjection | Good Morning | ||
| Gutē Tagte | Interjection | Good day/Hello | ||
| Haß | Noun | Neuter | House | |
| Haser | Helping Verb, Verb | Irregular[3] | To Have | |
| Hiln | Noun | Feminine | Help | |
| Hilner | Verb | Regular | To Help | |
| Hōffer | Helping Verb, Verb | Regular | To Hope | |
| Hōrtir | Verb | Regular | To Hear | |
| Hunda | Noun | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Dog | |
| Idīch | Noun | Neuter | Idea, Opinion | |
| Immir | Adverb | Ever | ||
| Īn | Preposition | In | ||
| Īntrenationer | Adjective | International | ||
| Īnzūl | Preposition | Into | ||
| Jang | Noun | Masculine | Boy | |
| Jangilß | Noun | Neurer | Juvenile | |
| Jā | Particle | Yes | ||
| Jumaßki | Adjective | Humane | ||
| Jumansch | Noun | Neuter | Human | |
| Kāntre | Verb | Irregular[4] | Can, To Be Able To | |
| Karze | Noun | Masculine | Map | |
| Kennar | Verb | Irregular[5] | To Know | |
| Kennti | Noun | Feminine | Knowledge | |
| Klind | Noun | Neuter | Child | |
| Kēnīg | Noun | Feminine | Queen | |
| Kōenig | Noun | Masculine | King | |
| Kōenigrejik | Noun | Neuter | Kingdom | |
| Kontluch | Noun | Neuter | Conclusion | |
| Komtanir | Verb | Regular | To Come | |
| Kurze | Noun | Masculine | Art, Painting | |
| Laß | Noun | Feminine | Girl | |
| Lak | Noun | Neuter | Lake | |
| Lebrei | Verb | Irregular[6] | To Live | |
| Lēben | Noun | Feminine | Love | |
| Lēbir | Verb | Regular | To Love | |
| Lund | Noun | Neuter | Land, State | |
| Lrābi | Noun | Feminine | Life | |
| Lūste | Noun | Neuter | Desire, Lust, Love | |
| Lūster | Verb | Regular | To Desire, To Lust | |
| Mann | Noun | Masculine | Man | |
| Mettal | Noun, Adjective | Neuter | Metal | |
| Mis | Preposition | With | ||
| Minīstrie | Noun | Neuter | Ministry | |
| Moge | Noun | Feminine | Favorite, Like | |
| Morgt | Noun, Adjective | Masculine | Morning | |
| Nation | Noun | Feminine | Nation | |
| Nāchti | Noun | Feminine | Night | |
| Nicht | Adverb | Not | ||
| Nōßi | Noun | Feminine | Noun | |
| Ozēn | Noun | Neuter | Ocean | |
| Posche | Noun | Feminine | Mail, Letter | |
| Poschter | Verb | Regular | To Mail | |
| Premierminister | Noun | Masculine | Prime Minister | |
| Premīerministērin | Noun | Feminine | Prime Minister | |
| Prinz | Noun | Masculine | Prince | |
| Prīnzeß | Noun | Feminine | Princess | |
| Provinze | Noun | Neuter | Province | |
| Ranēir | Verb | Regular | To Cry, To Rain | |
| Rāne | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Tear, Rain | |
| Rejik | Noun | Masculine | Empire | |
| Rejiker | Adjective | Neuter | Imperial | |
| Rejikstagge | Noun | Neuter | Parliament, Upperhouse | |
| Rejliker | Verb | Regular | To Rule | |
| Roß | Noun, Adjective | Feminine | Red | |
| Rōße | Noun | Feminine | Rose | |
| Schveīst | Noun | Feminine | Sister | |
| Schveīstlund | Noun | Feminine | Sister State | |
| Seihar | Verb | Irregular[7] | To See | |
| Seir | Verb | Irregular[8] | To Be | |
| So | Conjunction | So | ||
| Sōnne | Noun | Feminine | Sun | |
| Stagge | Noun | Neuter | Diet | |
| Stase | Noun | Neuter | City | |
| Stēhl | Noun, Adjective | Neuter | Steel | |
| Stāt | Noun | Neuter | State | |
| Sterbaner | Verb | Regular | To Die | |
| Strangrelie | Noun | Feminine | Strangereal | |
| Tāgt | Noun | Masculine | Day | |
| Tōd | Noun | Masculine | Death | |
| Und | Preposition | Under | ||
| Varkomtantir | Verb | Regular | Return | |
| Volk | Noun | Neuter | People | |
| Von | Preposition | From, Of | ||
| Vraīter | Verb | Regular | To Trust | |
| Vraïten | Noun | Neuter | Trust | |
| Wālier | Verb | Irregular[9] | To Want | |
| Wasser | Noun | Feminine | Water | |
| Weīß | Noun, Adjective | Masculine | White | |
| Wil | Helping Verb | Irregular[10] | Will | |
| Zink | Noun | Neuter | Zinc | |
| Zū | Preposition | To | ||
| Zūkomtantir | Verb | Regular | To Join, To Apply To |
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Diutchelies". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.