Korendam: Difference between revisions

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|population_demonym      = Korendammer
|population_demonym      = Korendammer
|population_rank        = 1st ([[Scandonia]])<br>14th ([[Foringana]])
|population_rank        = 1st ([[Scandonia]])<br>14th ([[Foringana]])
|timezone1              = FTC (FOT-2)
|timezone1              = FTC -03:00 (FOT-2)
|utc_offset1            =  
|utc_offset1            =  
|timezone1_DST          = FSTC (FOT-1)
|timezone1_DST          = FSTC -02:00 (FOT-1)
|utc_offset1_DST        =  
|utc_offset1_DST        =  
|postal_code_type        = {{wp|Postal code|Postal code(s)}}
|postal_code_type        = {{wp|Postal code|Postal code(s)}}
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[[File:Korendam_wordmark.png|thumb|200px|right|Official brandmark of the City]]
[[File:Korendam_wordmark.png|thumb|200px|right|Official brandmark of the City]]


'''Korendam''' ({{wp|Dutch|Scandonian}}: [koːrɘnˈdɑm], lit. "Dam on the river Koren") is the capital of [[Scandonia]]. It is the country's largest municipality and metropolitan area, with approximately 1.5 million residents in the City of Korendam (''Gemeente Korendam'') and 6.9 million people in the surrounding region as of {{CURRENTYEAR}}. Located in the Scandonian province of [[Binnendijkland]], Korendam also sits at the northwestern end of the ''Hoofdmetropoolregio'' ("Main Metropolitan Region"), an urban corridor home to approximately one-quarter of the country's population.
'''Korendam''' ({{wp|Dutch|Scandonian}}: [koːrɘnˈdɑm], lit. "Dam on the river Koren") is a city in, and the capital of, the Kingdom of [[Scandonia]]. It is the country's largest municipality and metropolitan area, with approximately 1.5 million residents in the City of Korendam (''Gemeente Korendam'') and 6.9 million people in the surrounding region as of {{CURRENTYEAR}}. Located in the Scandonian province of [[Binnendijkland]], Korendam also sits at the northwestern end of the ''Hoofdmetropoolregio'' ("Main Metropolitan Region"), an urban corridor home to approximately one-quarter of the country's population.


Historical documents place the founding of Korendam just before the turn of the 7th century, in the year 592. Korendam's location on the northwestern coast of Scandonia has ensured its continued prosperity through the ages as a centre for trade. As the closest major city to parts of Atlantian Oceania and Anaia, the city has held considerable strategic importance. Today, Korendam is home to the country's largest and most important seaport, which is also the second-busiest port by volume in [[Foringana]]. Its [[Korendam Airport Zwaardijk|international airport]] is the third-busiest on the continent by both passenger and aircraft movements.
Historical documents place the founding of Korendam just before the turn of the 7th century, in the year 592. Korendam's location on the northwestern coast of Scandonia has ensured its continued prosperity through the ages as a centre for trade. As the closest major city to parts of Atlantian Oceania and Anaia, the city has held considerable strategic importance. Today, Korendam is home to the country's largest and most important seaport, which is also the second-busiest port by volume in [[Foringana]]. Its [[Korendam Airport Zwaardijk|international airport]] is the third-busiest on the continent by both passenger and aircraft movements.


Korendam is the commercial capital of Scandonia, and, as such, contributes a disproportionately large share to the country's overall gross domestic product. It remains the Kingdom's largest banking and trade hub and is home to the [[Koninklijke Beurs Scandonië|Scandonian Royal Stock Exchange]]. The city and metro area is home to a large number of Scandonian companies and also hosts the Scandonian headquarters of several foreign multinational corporations. Korendam hosts the Scandonian parliament, the [[Staten-Generaal Scandonië]], as well as seven major universities, a number of non-governmental organizations, and several well-known art and history museums. It is a major tourist destination, attracting over 15 million visitors per year. As a result of its economic, cultural and political importance, the city is rated as a {{wp|Alpha-world city|alpha global city}}, one of six in Foringana and the only one in Scandonia.
Korendam is the commercial capital of Scandonia, and, as such, contributes a disproportionately large share to the country's overall gross domestic product. It remains the Kingdom's largest banking and trade hub and is home to the [[Koninklijke Beurs Scandonië|Scandonian Royal Stock Exchange]]. The city and metro area is home to a large number of Scandonian companies and also hosts the Scandonian headquarters of several foreign multinational corporations. Korendam hosts the Scandonian parliament, the [[Staten-Generaal Scandonië]], as well as seven major universities, a number of non-governmental organizations, and several well-known art and history museums. It is a major tourist destination, attracting over 15 million visitors per year. As a result of its economic, cultural and political importance, the city is rated as an {{wp|Alpha-world city|alpha global city}}, one of six in Foringana and the only one in Scandonia.


Korendam is closely associated with cycling; thanks to its dense core, it has one of the highest rates of cycling {{wp|Mode share|mode share}} and bicycle ownership in the world. The city has an extensive public transportation system with regional commuter rail, metro and tram service, buses, and a city-run bike-share program. At the same time, the city continues to grapple with motor vehicle congestion, and a high volume of cargo traffic to and from its port, and is making efforts to try to disincentivize and reduce car ownership.
Korendam is closely associated with cycling; thanks to its dense core, it has one of the highest rates of cycling {{wp|Mode share|mode share}} and bicycle ownership in the world. The city has an [[Korendamse Vervoerbedrijf|extensive public transportation system]] with [[R-Net Korendam|regional commuter rail]], [[Korendam Metro|metro]] and [[Trams in Korendam|tram]] service, buses, and a city-run {{wp|Bike share|bike-share program}}. At the same time, the city continues to grapple with motor vehicle congestion, and a high volume of cargo traffic to and from its port, and is making efforts to try to disincentivize and reduce car ownership.


The city is governed by a 47-member [[#Politics and government|municipal council]], consisting of a mayor and 46 councillors. Korendam's municipal charter grants the mayor considerable authority and they have a major political profile in domestic politics as the head of government of the country's largest city. Despite the mayor's ability to act unilaterally in some circumstances, most city business still requires majority support from council, and by convention, the mayor still seeks consensus on policy matters. The mayor is {{wp|Direct election|directly elected}} through a runoff voting process; the council is composed of both {{wp|at-large}} members and those elected from the city's 23 local boroughs.
The city is governed by a 47-member [[#Politics and government|municipal council]], consisting of a mayor and 46 councillors. Korendam's municipal charter grants the mayor considerable authority and they have a major political profile in domestic politics as the head of government of the country's largest city. Despite the mayor's ability to act unilaterally in some circumstances, most city business still requires majority support from council, and by convention, the mayor still seeks consensus on policy matters. The mayor is {{wp|Direct election|directly elected}} through a runoff voting process; the council is composed of both {{wp|at-large}} members and those elected from the city's 23 local boroughs.


== History ==
== History ==
General academic consensus places the founding of Korendam just before the turn of the seventh century. Historical artefacts, such as spades and fishing rods, were unearthed from the banks of the Koren during routine infrastructure work in the 1950s, and anthropologists have dated them to the latter half of the sixth century. Verbal accounts place the founding in the year 592 and the City observes this as the official date of incorporation. Early versions of property deeds stored at the ''Historisch Museum Scandonië'' date to the mid-600s, coinciding with the first land grants and the construction of the first permanent structures.
=== Early history ===
What is now Korendam was first constructed directly along the riverbank. Fishermen, who had used the river to moor their boats, or, in some cases, lived along the shoreline in makeshift structures, sought a more permanent settlement to help facilitate commerce and store their catch. As contact with the outside world, and trade routes into the rest of Foringana, developed, the settlers built bridges across the river, and eventually the dam (technically a {{wp|weir}}) about 5 km upstream from the river's mouth.
[[Image:Breitner, George Hendrik - De Dam - Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam - A 2209.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Hendrikus Breitner's ''De Mooiste Stad'' (c. 1890s) was one of the first works of art to capture Korendam after the electrification of the tram network.]] By the end of the {{wp|1st millennium|first millennium}} CE, Korendam's permanent population had grown to an estimated 15,000, living in an area approximately 20 km<sup>2</sup> in extent and coterminous with the modern [[#Boroughs|Sloterburgwal]] neighbourhood in the [[#Cityscape and architecture|Binnenstad]]. The first defensive fortifications around the old town were built around the mid-13th century, as was a large ditch meant to help prevent the low-lying city from flooding.
Building techniques improved over time and brick or stone structures began to become more common, built on wood pilings driven down into the soggy soil. City ordinances in the 14th and 15th centuries limited property frontages to {{cvt|10|m|ft}} along the narrow canals that had been dug to control water levels and to allow smaller boats to moor in front of a given property – a layout that forms the basis for the modern street grid. Most of the ornate historic residences in the Binnenstad, which attract thousands of international visitors each year, date to this era.
Eventually, Korendam outgrew its initial fortifications, and a portion of the ''burgwal'' was demolished to permit the city to expand. A road was also constructed south to [[Schiedam]] and [[Rodenbourg]]; the modern A5 expressway and a [[Spoor- en Belading Vervoersbedrijf Scandonië|passenger rail corridor]] follow the path carved by that first road.
=== Industrial revolution ===
=== Modern city ===


== Geography ==
== Geography ==
[[Image:Rotterdamse haven.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Satellite view of Korendam's outer harbour (''Buitenhaven''); the photo illustrates Korendam's proximity to the sea and flat landscape.]]Korendam is situated at sea level along the Carcossian Sea coastline, in the centre of the Scandonian province of [[Binnendijkland]]. The river [[Koren River|Koren]], from which the city gets its name, flows from south to north, bisecting the city. Outside the urban area, land use is largely agricultural.
Korendam is arranged in a vaguely semi-circular shape around the coast, built around the historical inner harbour ("''Binnenhaven''"). The inner core, which is also the oldest part of the city, is lined with narrow, shallow {{wp|canal|canals}} that were historically used for commerce before the advent of rail and roads.
The city is overall flat, with very little variation in elevation; the highest point in the city is ''Kameelberg'' ("Camel Mountain"), a prominent sandy formation in the ''[[#Boroughs|Buitenring]]'' district that reaches a height of approximately {{cvt|125|m}} above sea level. Portions of the western urban area are built on {{wp|Polder|polders}}, reclaimed land that is situated below sea level and surrounded by dikes.
=== Climate ===
{{climate chart|[[Korendam]], [[Scandonia]]|3.2|8.7|343|4.4|11.2|222|6.8|13.5|180|9.0|16.7|112|9.5|20.3|82|10.3|22.4|41|12.2|24.5|33|15.0|24.3|15|14.2|20.1|33|11.5|17.6|148|9.2|16.4|402|4.6|13.0|283|float=right|clear=right|source=Royal Scandonian Meteorological Institute<ref>{{Cite web |title=Klimaattabel Luchthaven Zwaardijk, langjarige gemiddelden, tijdvak 1991–2020 |url=https://www.ksmi.sc/datum/klimaat/korendam/historisch-2014/ |access-date=March 23, 2024 |publisher=Royal Scandonian Meteorological Institute |language=nl}}</ref>|date=June 2014}}
Korendam has an oceanic climate ({{wp|Köppen climate classification|Köppen}}: ''Cfb'') with mild, rainy winters, and warm, humid summers. Snow is infrequent in winter, due to the milder climate, but usually falls at least two to three times every season between November and February. Precipitation is generally lower during the summer months and there are occasional thunderstorms.
The city's weather patterns are influenced by its location directly on the Carcossian Sea. Winds are typically from the west or northwest, off the water, and tend to be strongest in the winter months.
[[Image:Spring_blossoms_in_Christchurch,_New_Zealand.jpg|thumb|220px|left|Cherry blossoms at full bloom in Korendam's Overgrachtpark.]]So-called "true" winter only lasts about eight weeks in Korendam. There is an urban heat island effect present in Korendam, as with any major city, but the short winter is mainly due to Korendam's proximity to the ocean, which results in a "rain-snow line" where the same weather system can present as heavy rainfall in the city core but as heavy snow just a short distance inland.
Spring begins in mid-to-late February, marked by blossoming fruit trees, and the emergence of early spring flowers, like crocuses, daffodils and phlox. Temperatures are mild, but rain is still frequent.
Summer high temperatures typically average around {{cvt|22|°C|0}} to {{cvt|25|°C|0}}, but {{wp|climate change}} is resulting in increasingly frequent aberrant temperatures and the breaking of previous record highs. Korendam, like many other cities in Scandonia, recorded its hottest-ever day during the deadly [[2023 northern Foringana heat wave]], reaching a daytime maximum of {{cvt|38.1|°C|0}} on August 9, 2023. Korendam's summer season runs from mid-May to late September. August is the driest month of the year.
The autumn season usually begins abruptly, characterized by heavier rainfall and blustery conditions, though temperatures remain milder than most of the rest of Scandonia until the start of winter in mid-December. November is typically the wettest month of the year in the city.
{{Weather box    <!-- Infobox begins -->
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| location    =  Korendam Airport Zwaardijk {{Airport codes|KND|FSKD}}
| temperature colour =  <!-- Enter "pastel" for pastel temperature colours, "none" for no colours, remove this line for the standard colouring. -->
<!-- Maximum Humidex -->
<!-- The humidex table can be used only if the source provides humidex values. As of July 2015, few if any countries other than Canada use the Humidex. -->
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<!-- Record high temperatures -->
<!-- Note that record temperatures should only be used when the data period is of the greatest length possible. -->
| Jan record high F  =  | Jan record high C  = 15.3
| Feb record high F  =  | Feb record high C  = 18.4
| Mar record high F  =  | Mar record high C  = 19.8
| Apr record high F  =  | Apr record high C  = 26.3
| May record high F  =  | May record high C  = 27.4
| Jun record high F  =  | Jun record high C  = 33.3
| Jul record high F  =  | Jul record high C  = 36.3
| Aug record high F  =  | Aug record high C  = 38.1
| Sep record high F  =  | Sep record high C  = 35.3
| Oct record high F  =  | Oct record high C  = 33.2
| Nov record high F  =  | Nov record high C  = 25.6
| Dec record high F  =  | Dec record high C  = 22.6
| year record high F =  | year record high C =
<!-- Average high temperatures -->
| Jan high F  =  | Jan high C  = 8.7
| Feb high F  =  | Feb high C  = 11.2
| Mar high F  =  | Mar high C  = 13.5
| Apr high F  =  | Apr high C  = 16.7
| May high F  =  | May high C  = 20.3
| Jun high F  =  | Jun high C  = 22.4
| Jul high F  =  | Jul high C  = 24.5
| Aug high F  =  | Aug high C  = 24.3
| Sep high F  =  | Sep high C  = 20.1
| Oct high F  =  | Oct high C  = 17.6
| Nov high F  =  | Nov high C  = 16.4
| Dec high F  =  | Dec high C  = 13.0
| year high F =  | year high C =
<!-- Mean daily temperature -->
| Jan mean F  =  | Jan mean C  =
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| year mean F =  | year mean C =
<!-- Average low temperatures -->
| Jan low F  =  | Jan low C  = 3.2
| Feb low F  =  | Feb low C  = 4.4
| Mar low F  =  | Mar low C  = 6.8
| Apr low F  =  | Apr low C  = 9.0
| May low F  =  | May low C  = 9.5
| Jun low F  =  | Jun low C  = 10.3
| Jul low F  =  | Jul low C  = 12.2
| Aug low F  =  | Aug low C  = 15.0
| Sep low F  =  | Sep low C  = 14.2
| Oct low F  =  | Oct low C  = 11.5
| Nov low F  =  | Nov low C  = 9.2
| Dec low F  =  | Dec low C  = 4.6
| year low F =  | year low C =
<!-- Record low temperatures -->
<!-- Note that record temperatures should only be used when the data period is of the greatest length possible. -->
| Jan record low F  =  | Jan record low C  = -16.2
| Feb record low F  =  | Feb record low C  = -9.8
| Mar record low F  =  | Mar record low C  = -3.5
| Apr record low F  =  | Apr record low C  = -1.1
| May record low F  =  | May record low C  = 2.9
| Jun record low F  =  | Jun record low C  = 5.5
| Jul record low F  =  | Jul record low C  = 7.1
| Aug record low F  =  | Aug record low C  = 8.1
| Sep record low F  =  | Sep record low C  = 7.0
| Oct record low F  =  | Oct record low C  = 4.3
| Nov record low F  =  | Nov record low C  = -2.5
| Dec record low F  =  | Dec record low C  = -10.2
| year record low F =  | year record low C =
<!-- Minimum wind chill -->
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<!-- Total precipitation, this should include rain and snow. -->
| precipitation colour =  <!-- Enter "green" for green precipitation colours, "none" for no colours, remove this line for blue colouring. -->
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| Jan precipitation inch  =  | Jan precipitation cm  =  | Jan precipitation mm  = 343
| Feb precipitation inch  =  | Feb precipitation cm  =  | Feb precipitation mm  = 222
| Mar precipitation inch  =  | Mar precipitation cm  =  | Mar precipitation mm  = 180
| Apr precipitation inch  =  | Apr precipitation cm  =  | Apr precipitation mm  = 112
| May precipitation inch  =  | May precipitation cm  =  | May precipitation mm  = 82
| Jun precipitation inch  =  | Jun precipitation cm  =  | Jun precipitation mm  = 41
| Jul precipitation inch  =  | Jul precipitation cm  =  | Jul precipitation mm  = 33
| Aug precipitation inch  =  | Aug precipitation cm  =  | Aug precipitation mm  = 15
| Sep precipitation inch  =  | Sep precipitation cm  =  | Sep precipitation mm  = 33
| Oct precipitation inch  =  | Oct precipitation cm  =  | Oct precipitation mm  = 148
| Nov precipitation inch  =  | Nov precipitation cm  =  | Nov precipitation mm  = 402
| Dec precipitation inch  =  | Dec precipitation cm  =  | Dec precipitation mm  = 283
| year precipitation inch =  | year precipitation cm =  | year precipitation mm =
<!-- Rainfall -->
| rain colour  =  green <!-- Enter "green" for green rainfall colours, "none" for no colours, remove this line for blue colouring. -->
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| Jan rain inch  =  | Jan rain cm  =  | Jan rain mm  = 310
| Feb rain inch  =  | Feb rain cm  =  | Feb rain mm  = 203
| Mar rain inch  =  | Mar rain cm  =  | Mar rain mm  = 180
| Apr rain inch  =  | Apr rain cm  =  | Apr rain mm  = 112
| May rain inch  =  | May rain cm  =  | May rain mm  = 82
| Jun rain inch  =  | Jun rain cm  =  | Jun rain mm  = 41
| Jul rain inch  =  | Jul rain cm  =  | Jul rain mm  = 33
| Aug rain inch  =  | Aug rain cm  =  | Aug rain mm  = 15
| Sep rain inch  =  | Sep rain cm  =  | Sep rain mm  = 33
| Oct rain inch  =  | Oct rain cm  =  | Oct rain mm  = 148
| Nov rain inch  =  | Nov rain cm  =  | Nov rain mm  = 392
| Dec rain inch  =  | Dec rain cm  =  | Dec rain mm  = 223
| year rain inch =  | year rain cm =  | year rain mm =
<!-- Snowfall -->
| snow colour  =  <!-- Enter "green" for green snowfall colours, "none" for no colours, remove this line for blue colouring. -->
<!-- IMPORTANT: Do NOT use snow depth information in the snowfall area! These are 2 different kinds of data! -->
<!-- IMPORTANT: use only one unit type! -->
| Jan snow inch  =  | Jan snow cm  = 3.3  | Jan snow mm  =
| Feb snow inch  =  | Feb snow cm  = 1.9  | Feb snow mm  =
| Mar snow inch  =  | Mar snow cm  = 0  | Mar snow mm  =
| Apr snow inch  =  | Apr snow cm  = 0  | Apr snow mm  =
| May snow inch  =  | May snow cm  = 0  | May snow mm  =
| Jun snow inch  =  | Jun snow cm  = 0  | Jun snow mm  =
| Jul snow inch  =  | Jul snow cm  = 0  | Jul snow mm  =
| Aug snow inch  =  | Aug snow cm  = 0  | Aug snow mm  =
| Sep snow inch  =  | Sep snow cm  = 0  | Sep snow mm  =
| Oct snow inch  =  | Oct snow cm  = 0  | Oct snow mm  =
| Nov snow inch  =  | Nov snow cm  = 1.0  | Nov snow mm  =
| Dec snow inch  =  | Dec snow cm  = 6.0  | Dec snow mm  =
| year snow inch =  | year snow cm =  | year snow mm =
<!-- Snow depth -->
| snow depth colour    =  <!-- Enter "green" for green snowfall colours, "none" for no colours, remove this line for blue colouring. -->
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| Jan snow depth inch  =  | Jan snow depth cm  =  | Jan snow depth mm  = 
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| year snow depth inch =  | year snow depth cm =  | year snow depth mm = 
<!-- Average number of precipitation days -->
| unit precipitation days =  <!-- If entering the average number of days, then the unit requirement should be used, because this varies between countries. E.g. 0.01 in, 0.2 mm. -->
| precip days colour      =  pastel <!-- Enter "green" for green colours, "pastel" for pastel colours, "none" for no colours, remove this line for blue colouring. Affects rain and snow days as well -->
| Jan precipitation days  = 23.0
| Feb precipitation days  = 17.3
| Mar precipitation days  = 11.2
| Apr precipitation days  = 8.4
| May precipitation days  = 7.5
| Jun precipitation days  = 6.2
| Jul precipitation days  = 3.1
| Aug precipitation days  = 1.5
| Sep precipitation days  = 3.4
| Oct precipitation days  = 12.7
| Nov precipitation days  = 25.1
| Dec precipitation days  = 22.3
| year precipitation days =
<!-- Average number of rainy days -->
| unit rain days =  <!-- If entering the average number of days, then the unit requirement should be used, because this varies between countries. E.g. 0.01 in, 0.2 mm. -->
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<!-- Average number of snowy days -->
| unit snow days =  <!-- If entering the average number of days, then the unit requirement should be used, because this varies between countries. E.g. 0.1 in, 0.2 cm. -->
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<!-- Average daily % humidity -->
<!-- If entering the average daily % humidity, then the humidex table should be used. -->
| humidity colour =  <!-- Enter "green" for green humidity colors, "pastel" for pastel humidity colours, "none" for no colours, remove this line for blue coloring. Affects afternoon % humidity as well -->
| time day        =  <!-- The time of day the humidity was measured at. Affects afternoon % humidity as well -->
| daily          =  <!-- Enter "Y" if the humidity is for the entire day. Affects afternoon % humidity as well -->
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| Jan afthumidity    =
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<!-- Average monthly sunshine hours, monthly totals are preferred, and will produce colours, but percentages are accepted. -->
| Jan sun  = 64
| Feb sun  = 70 <!-- For February only if the source gives daily hours, please multiply by 28.25, not 28 -->
| Mar sun  = 133
| Apr sun  = 190
| May sun  = 223
| Jun sun  = 249
| Jul sun  = 270
| Aug sun  = 288
| Sep sun  = 254
| Oct sun  = 140
| Nov sun  = 97
| Dec sun  = 80
| year sun =
<!-- Average daily sunshine hours. Use this if the source shows daily sunshine hours. -->
| Jand sun  =
| Febd sun  =
| Mard sun  =
| Aprd sun  =
| Mayd sun  =
| Jund sun  =
| Juld sun  =
| Augd sun  =
| Sepd sun  =
| Octd sun  =
| Novd sun  =
| Decd sun  =
| yeard sun =
<!-- Average daylight hours, including cloudy hours. -->
| Jan light =
| Feb light =
| Mar light =
| Apr light =
| May light =
| Jun light =
| Jul light =
| Aug light =
| Sep light =
| Oct light =
| Nov light =
| Dec light =
| year light=
<!-- Average percent of possible sunshine. Number of daylight hours already factored into this number. Note that since this is possible sunshine, nighttime hours should not be included in this calculation. Will produce colours. -->
| Jan percentsun  =
| Feb percentsun  =
| Mar percentsun  =
| Apr percentsun  =
| May percentsun  =
| Jun percentsun  =
| Jul percentsun  =
| Aug percentsun  =
| Sep percentsun  =
| Oct percentsun  =
| Nov percentsun  =
| Dec percentsun  =
| year percentsun =
<!-- Average daily UV index -->
| Jan uv  = 0
| Feb uv  = 1
| Mar uv  = 1
| Apr uv  = 2
| May uv  = 3
| Jun uv  = 5
| Jul uv  = 7
| Aug uv  = 8
| Sep uv  = 5
| Oct uv  = 3
| Nov uv  = 1
| Dec uv  = 0
| year uv =
<!-- Mandatory fields, source -->
| source =
<!-- For a second source -->
| source 2 =
}}<!-- Infobox ends -->
=== Environmental concerns ===


== Demographics ==
== Demographics ==
Line 143: Line 509:


== Politics and government ==
== Politics and government ==
=== Governance ===
=== Boroughs ===
=== Water management boards ===


== Transport ==
== Transport ==

Latest revision as of 21:08, 6 April 2024

Korendam
City and metropolitan area
Gemeente Korendam
Korendam CBD
Port of Korendam
Korendam Centraal Station
Lambertusplein metro station
Koninklijk Concertgebouw
Aerial view of the Binnenhaven
Flag
Flag
Coat of arms of Korendam
Coat of arms
Etymology: lit. "Dam on the river Koren"
CountryScandonia
ProvinceBinnendijkland
First settled592
Government
 • BodyMunicipal council
 • MayorNeelie de Ruiter (SSD)
Area
 • City754 km2 (291 sq mi)
 • Urban
1,672 km2 (646 sq mi)
 • Metro
11,530 km2 (4,450 sq mi)
Elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Population
 (2024)
 • City1,504,343
 • Rank1st (Scandonia)
14th (Foringana)
 • Density2,000/km2 (5,200/sq mi)
 • Urban
4,336,912
 • Metro
6,951,532
DemonymKorendammer
Time zoneFTC -03:00 (FOT-2)
 • Summer (DST)FSTC -02:00 (FOT-1)
Postal code(s)
1000 AA-1999 ZZ
Area code(s)010, 014, 015
Official languagesScandonian
Websitegm.korendam.sc
Official brandmark of the City

Korendam (Scandonian: [koːrɘnˈdɑm], lit. "Dam on the river Koren") is a city in, and the capital of, the Kingdom of Scandonia. It is the country's largest municipality and metropolitan area, with approximately 1.5 million residents in the City of Korendam (Gemeente Korendam) and 6.9 million people in the surrounding region as of 2024. Located in the Scandonian province of Binnendijkland, Korendam also sits at the northwestern end of the Hoofdmetropoolregio ("Main Metropolitan Region"), an urban corridor home to approximately one-quarter of the country's population.

Historical documents place the founding of Korendam just before the turn of the 7th century, in the year 592. Korendam's location on the northwestern coast of Scandonia has ensured its continued prosperity through the ages as a centre for trade. As the closest major city to parts of Atlantian Oceania and Anaia, the city has held considerable strategic importance. Today, Korendam is home to the country's largest and most important seaport, which is also the second-busiest port by volume in Foringana. Its international airport is the third-busiest on the continent by both passenger and aircraft movements.

Korendam is the commercial capital of Scandonia, and, as such, contributes a disproportionately large share to the country's overall gross domestic product. It remains the Kingdom's largest banking and trade hub and is home to the Scandonian Royal Stock Exchange. The city and metro area is home to a large number of Scandonian companies and also hosts the Scandonian headquarters of several foreign multinational corporations. Korendam hosts the Scandonian parliament, the Staten-Generaal Scandonië, as well as seven major universities, a number of non-governmental organizations, and several well-known art and history museums. It is a major tourist destination, attracting over 15 million visitors per year. As a result of its economic, cultural and political importance, the city is rated as an alpha global city, one of six in Foringana and the only one in Scandonia.

Korendam is closely associated with cycling; thanks to its dense core, it has one of the highest rates of cycling mode share and bicycle ownership in the world. The city has an extensive public transportation system with regional commuter rail, metro and tram service, buses, and a city-run bike-share program. At the same time, the city continues to grapple with motor vehicle congestion, and a high volume of cargo traffic to and from its port, and is making efforts to try to disincentivize and reduce car ownership.

The city is governed by a 47-member municipal council, consisting of a mayor and 46 councillors. Korendam's municipal charter grants the mayor considerable authority and they have a major political profile in domestic politics as the head of government of the country's largest city. Despite the mayor's ability to act unilaterally in some circumstances, most city business still requires majority support from council, and by convention, the mayor still seeks consensus on policy matters. The mayor is directly elected through a runoff voting process; the council is composed of both at-large members and those elected from the city's 23 local boroughs.

History

General academic consensus places the founding of Korendam just before the turn of the seventh century. Historical artefacts, such as spades and fishing rods, were unearthed from the banks of the Koren during routine infrastructure work in the 1950s, and anthropologists have dated them to the latter half of the sixth century. Verbal accounts place the founding in the year 592 and the City observes this as the official date of incorporation. Early versions of property deeds stored at the Historisch Museum Scandonië date to the mid-600s, coinciding with the first land grants and the construction of the first permanent structures.

Early history

What is now Korendam was first constructed directly along the riverbank. Fishermen, who had used the river to moor their boats, or, in some cases, lived along the shoreline in makeshift structures, sought a more permanent settlement to help facilitate commerce and store their catch. As contact with the outside world, and trade routes into the rest of Foringana, developed, the settlers built bridges across the river, and eventually the dam (technically a weir) about 5 km upstream from the river's mouth.

Hendrikus Breitner's De Mooiste Stad (c. 1890s) was one of the first works of art to capture Korendam after the electrification of the tram network.

By the end of the first millennium CE, Korendam's permanent population had grown to an estimated 15,000, living in an area approximately 20 km2 in extent and coterminous with the modern Sloterburgwal neighbourhood in the Binnenstad. The first defensive fortifications around the old town were built around the mid-13th century, as was a large ditch meant to help prevent the low-lying city from flooding.

Building techniques improved over time and brick or stone structures began to become more common, built on wood pilings driven down into the soggy soil. City ordinances in the 14th and 15th centuries limited property frontages to 10 m (33 ft) along the narrow canals that had been dug to control water levels and to allow smaller boats to moor in front of a given property – a layout that forms the basis for the modern street grid. Most of the ornate historic residences in the Binnenstad, which attract thousands of international visitors each year, date to this era.

Eventually, Korendam outgrew its initial fortifications, and a portion of the burgwal was demolished to permit the city to expand. A road was also constructed south to Schiedam and Rodenbourg; the modern A5 expressway and a passenger rail corridor follow the path carved by that first road.

Industrial revolution

Modern city

Geography

Satellite view of Korendam's outer harbour (Buitenhaven); the photo illustrates Korendam's proximity to the sea and flat landscape.

Korendam is situated at sea level along the Carcossian Sea coastline, in the centre of the Scandonian province of Binnendijkland. The river Koren, from which the city gets its name, flows from south to north, bisecting the city. Outside the urban area, land use is largely agricultural.

Korendam is arranged in a vaguely semi-circular shape around the coast, built around the historical inner harbour ("Binnenhaven"). The inner core, which is also the oldest part of the city, is lined with narrow, shallow canals that were historically used for commerce before the advent of rail and roads.

The city is overall flat, with very little variation in elevation; the highest point in the city is Kameelberg ("Camel Mountain"), a prominent sandy formation in the Buitenring district that reaches a height of approximately 125 m (410 ft) above sea level. Portions of the western urban area are built on polders, reclaimed land that is situated below sea level and surrounded by dikes.

Climate

Korendam, Scandonia
Climate chart (explanation)
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
343
 
 
9
3
 
 
222
 
 
11
4
 
 
180
 
 
14
7
 
 
112
 
 
17
9
 
 
82
 
 
20
10
 
 
41
 
 
22
10
 
 
33
 
 
25
12
 
 
15
 
 
24
15
 
 
33
 
 
20
14
 
 
148
 
 
18
12
 
 
402
 
 
16
9
 
 
283
 
 
13
5
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: Royal Scandonian Meteorological Institute[1]

Korendam has an oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb) with mild, rainy winters, and warm, humid summers. Snow is infrequent in winter, due to the milder climate, but usually falls at least two to three times every season between November and February. Precipitation is generally lower during the summer months and there are occasional thunderstorms.

The city's weather patterns are influenced by its location directly on the Carcossian Sea. Winds are typically from the west or northwest, off the water, and tend to be strongest in the winter months.

Cherry blossoms at full bloom in Korendam's Overgrachtpark.

So-called "true" winter only lasts about eight weeks in Korendam. There is an urban heat island effect present in Korendam, as with any major city, but the short winter is mainly due to Korendam's proximity to the ocean, which results in a "rain-snow line" where the same weather system can present as heavy rainfall in the city core but as heavy snow just a short distance inland.

Spring begins in mid-to-late February, marked by blossoming fruit trees, and the emergence of early spring flowers, like crocuses, daffodils and phlox. Temperatures are mild, but rain is still frequent.

Summer high temperatures typically average around 22 °C (72 °F) to 25 °C (77 °F), but climate change is resulting in increasingly frequent aberrant temperatures and the breaking of previous record highs. Korendam, like many other cities in Scandonia, recorded its hottest-ever day during the deadly 2023 northern Foringana heat wave, reaching a daytime maximum of 38.1 °C (101 °F) on August 9, 2023. Korendam's summer season runs from mid-May to late September. August is the driest month of the year.

The autumn season usually begins abruptly, characterized by heavier rainfall and blustery conditions, though temperatures remain milder than most of the rest of Scandonia until the start of winter in mid-December. November is typically the wettest month of the year in the city.

Climate data for Korendam Airport Zwaardijk (IATA: KND, ICAO: FSKD)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 15.3
(59.5) 		18.4
(65.1) 		19.8
(67.6) 		26.3
(79.3) 		27.4
(81.3) 		33.3
(91.9) 		36.3
(97.3) 		38.1
(100.6) 		35.3
(95.5) 		33.2
(91.8) 		25.6
(78.1) 		22.6
(72.7) 		38.1
(100.6)
Average high °C (°F) 8.7
(47.7) 		11.2
(52.2) 		13.5
(56.3) 		16.7
(62.1) 		20.3
(68.5) 		22.4
(72.3) 		24.5
(76.1) 		24.3
(75.7) 		20.1
(68.2) 		17.6
(63.7) 		16.4
(61.5) 		13.0
(55.4) 		17.4
(63.3)
Average low °C (°F) 3.2
(37.8) 		4.4
(39.9) 		6.8
(44.2) 		9.0
(48.2) 		9.5
(49.1) 		10.3
(50.5) 		12.2
(54.0) 		15.0
(59.0) 		14.2
(57.6) 		11.5
(52.7) 		9.2
(48.6) 		4.6
(40.3) 		9.2
(48.5)
Record low °C (°F) −16.2
(2.8) 		−9.8
(14.4) 		−3.5
(25.7) 		−1.1
(30.0) 		2.9
(37.2) 		5.5
(41.9) 		7.1
(44.8) 		8.1
(46.6) 		7.0
(44.6) 		4.3
(39.7) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		−10.2
(13.6) 		−16.2
(2.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 343
(13.5) 		222
(8.7) 		180
(7.1) 		112
(4.4) 		82
(3.2) 		41
(1.6) 		33
(1.3) 		15
(0.6) 		33
(1.3) 		148
(5.8) 		402
(15.8) 		283
(11.1) 		1,894
(74.4)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 310
(12.2) 		203
(8.0) 		180
(7.1) 		112
(4.4) 		82
(3.2) 		41
(1.6) 		33
(1.3) 		15
(0.6) 		33
(1.3) 		148
(5.8) 		392
(15.4) 		223
(8.8) 		1,772
(69.7)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 3.3
(1.3) 		1.9
(0.7) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		1.0
(0.4) 		6.0
(2.4) 		12.2
(4.8)
Average precipitation days 23.0 17.3 11.2 8.4 7.5 6.2 3.1 1.5 3.4 12.7 25.1 22.3 141.7
Mean monthly sunshine hours 64 70 133 190 223 249 270 288 254 140 97 80 2,058
Average ultraviolet index 0 1 1 2 3 5 7 8 5 3 1 0 3

Environmental concerns

Demographics

Cityscape and architecture

Economy

Culture

Art and literature

Sport

Politics and government

Governance

Boroughs

Water management boards

Transport

Media

  1. ↑ "Klimaattabel Luchthaven Zwaardijk, langjarige gemiddelden, tijdvak 1991–2020" (in Nederlands). Royal Scandonian Meteorological Institute. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
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