Frederick of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox royalty
| name          = Frederick
| title          =
| image          = Eddy 5.jpg


| image_size    = Medium
| succession  =
{{longitem |col1style=padding-top:0.2em
  |
{{Collapsible list |title={{wp|Monarchy of the United Kingdom|King of the British}} and of the People of his other {{wp|Commonwealth Realms|Realms}}|titlestyle=background:transparent;text-align:center;padding-center:1.0em;
    |
----
      {{Aligned table |fullwidth=on |cols=2 |class=nowrap |style=line-height:1.2em;
        |col1style=padding-right:0.5em;
        |{{wp|Canada}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Australia}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|New Zealand}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|British Leeward Islands}}
| 1923-1951
|{{wp|British Windward Islands}}
| 1923-1951                       
|{{wp|Pakistan}}                                        | 1947-1951
|{{wp|South Africa}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Ceylon}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Ghana}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Nigeria}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Sierra Leone}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Tanganyika}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Uganda}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Malawi}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Malta}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|The Gambia}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Guyana}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Mauritius}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Fiji}}                                        | 1923-1951
|{{wp|Puerto Rico}}
| 1923-1951
|''{{wp|Irish Free State|Ireland}}''                                        | 1922-1937 
|''{{wp|India}}''
| 1947-1950
|''{{wp|Kenya}}''                                        | 1923-1941
}} }} }}
| moretext    =
| reign        = 5 January 1923 - 7 July 1951
| reign-type  = Reign
| coronation  = 17 May 1923
| cor-type    = Coronation
| predecessor  = [[George IV of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands|George IV]]
| pre-type    = Predecessor
| regent      = {{list collapsed|title=''See list''|1={{wp|Bonar Law}}<br>{{wp|Stanley Baldwin}}<br>{{wp|Ramsay MacDonald}}<br>{{wp|Neville Chamberlain}}<br>{{wp|Winston Churchill}}<br>{{wp|Clement Attlee}}}}
| reg-type    = {{nowrap|{{wp|Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Ministers}}}}
| successor    = [[Charles the Great|Charles III]]
| suc-type    =
| succession1  = {{wp|Monarchy of the Netherlands|King of the Dutch}}
| moretext1    =
| reign1      = 5 January 1923 - 15 August 1947
| reign-type1  = Reign
| coronation1  = 1 January 1924
| cor-type1    = Inauguration
| predecessor1 = [[George IV of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands|George IV]]
| pre-type1    = Predecessor
| regent1      =
| reg-type1    =
| successor1  = [[Charles the Great|Charles III]]
| suc-type1    = 
| succession2  = {{wp|King of Hanover}}
| moretext2    =
| reign2      = 5 January 1923 - 20 November 1924
| reign-type2  = Reign
| coronation2  = 17 May 1923
| cor-type2    = Coronation
| predecessor2 = [[George IV of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands|George IV]]
| pre-type2    =
| regent2      =
| reg-type2    =
| successor2  = ''Merged with the United Kingdom through the Kingdom of Hanover Act 1924''
| suc-type2    =
| succession3  = {{wp|Emperor of India}}
| moretext3    =
| reign3      = 5 January 1923 - 15 August 1947
| reign-type3  = Reign
| coronation3  =
| cor-type3    =
| predecessor3 = [[George IV of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands|George IV]]
| pre-type3    =
| regent3      =
| reg-type3    =
| successor3  = ''Position abolished''<ref>Frederick continued as titular Emperor of India until 22 June 1948.</ref>
| suc-type3    =
| succession4  = {{wp|Monarchy of Luxembourg|Grand Duke of the Luxembourgers}}
| moretext4    =
| reign4      = 5 January 1923 - 15 August 1947
| reign-type4  = Reign
| coronation4  = 1 January 1924
| cor-type4    = Coronation
| predecessor4 = [[George IV of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands|George IV]]
| pre-type4    =
| regent4      =
| reg-type4    =
| successor4  = [[Charles the Great|Charles III]]
| suc-type4    =
| succession5  = {{wp|Prince Regent of the United Kingdom}}
| moretext5    =
| reign5      = 1 March 1921 - 5 January 1923
| reign-type5  = {{wp|Regency era|Regency}}
| coronation5  =
| cor-type5    =
| predecessor5 =
| pre-type5    =
| regent5      = [[George IV of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands|George IV]]
| reg-type5    = Monarch
| successor5  =
| suc-type5    =
| birth_name    = Prince Frederick of Wales, the Netherlands, and Prussia
| birth_date    = {{birth date|1895|11|22|df=yes}}
| birth_place    = {{wp|Rideau Hall}}, {{wp|Ottawa}}, {{wp|Canada}}
| death_date  = {{Death date and age|1951|7|7|1893|11|22|df=yes}}
| death_place  = {{wp|Buckingham Palace}}, {{wp|London}}
| burial_date  = 25 July 1951
| burial_place = {{wp|Westminster Abbey}}, {{wp|London}}
| spouse      = {{marriage|{{wp|Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia|Victoria Louise of Prussia}}|5 January 1913|20 February 1919|end=ann.}}<br/>{{marriage|{{wp|Princess Margaretha of Sweden|Margaretha of Sweden}}|11 July 1925}}
| issue        = {{plainlist|* [[Charles the Great|Charles III]]
* [[Margaret, Duchess of Halland]]}}
| issue-link  = #Issue
| full name      = Edward Frederick William
| house          = {{wp|House of Hanover|Hanover}}-{{wp|House of Stuart|Stuart}}-{{wp|House of Orange-Nassau|Orange-Nassau}} (until 1924)<br/>{{wp|House of Amsterdam-Windsor|Amsterdam-Windsor}} (from 1924)
| father        = [[George IV of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands|George IV]]
| mother        = {{wp|Sophia of Prussia}}
| religion      = {{wp|Protestantism|Protestant}}
}}
'''Frederick''' ({{wp|English}}: ''Edward Frederick William''; {{wp|German}}: ''Eduard Friedrich Wilhelm''; {{wp|Dutch}}: ''Eduard Frederik Willem''; {{wp|French}}: ''Édouard Frédéric Guillaume''; 22 November 1895 - 7 July 1951) was {{wp|Monarchy of the United Kingdom|King of the British}}, {{wp|King of Hanover}}, {{wp|Monarchy of the Netherlands|King of the Dutch}}, and {{wp|Monarchy of Luxembourg|Grand Duke of the Luxembourgers}} from 5 January 1923 to 7 July 1951. He was also the last {{wp|Emperor of India}}, reigning from 1923 to 1947 until the abolition of the {{wp|British Raj}} and its subsequent partition into {{wp|India}} and {{wp|Pakistan}}.
The eldest son of [[George IV of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands|King George IV]] and {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Princess Sophia of Prussia}}, Frederick was born during the reign of his grandfather [[William V and II of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands|King William V]]. At the age of eighteen, he was wedded to {{wp|Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia|Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia}}, daughter of {{wp|German Emperor}} {{wp|Wilhelm II, German Emperor|Wilhelm II}}, in an attempt at mending {{wp|British}}-{{wp|German}} relations. However, despite the birth of a son, namely the future [[Charles the Great|Charles III]], the end of the {{wp|First World War}}, coupled with existing ideological differences, resulted in the couple having their marriage annulled as Frederick subsequently remarried to {{wp|Princess Margaretha of Sweden}}, with whom he had a [[Margaret, Duchess of Halland|daughter]].
Upon ascending to the throne in 1924, Frederick oversaw a rather tumultuous post-war period, which was further aggravated by the occurrence of the {{wp|Great Depression}} in 1929. However, it was during this time that Frederick would later gain much personal acclaim for his efforts in preserving the monarchical institution, amidst rising but small republican and other extreme sentiments across the country. In addition, as {{wp|Monarchy of the United Kingdom|King}}, Frederick also oversaw his countries' involvement in the {{wp|Second World War}} against {{wp|Nazi Germany}}, a conflict that would mark the last few years of his reign, and which preceded a rather tumultuous and testy period afterwards marked by anti-colonial rebellions in various {{wp|British}} and {{wp|Dutch}} colonies in {{wp|Asia}}, namely the {{wp|British Raj}} and the {{wp|Dutch East Indies}}. Meanwhile, in 1946, Frederick became the first [[President of the Hanoverian Union]], a politico-economic union comprising the {{wp|United Kingdom}}, the {{wp|Netherlands}}, and {{wp|Luxembourg}}. On 7 July 1951, at the age of fifty-five, Frederick passed away and was thereafter succeeded by his only living son who ascended to the throne as [[Charles the Great|King Charles III]].
In 1924, amidst rising nationalist and anti-{{wp|German}} sentiments, Frederick officially changed the family name from the "{{wp|House of}} {{wp|House of Hanover|Hanover}}-{{wp|House of Stuart|Stuart}}-{{wp|House of Orange-Nassau|Orange-Nassau}}" to the new "{{wp|House of Amsterdam-Windsor}}", thereby becoming the first of the three {{wp|House of Amsterdam-Windsor|Amsterdam-Windsor}} monarchs until [[Thomas of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands|King Thomas]] reverted the family name back to the original "{{wp|House of Hanover|Hanover}}-{{wp|House of Stuart|Stuart}}-{{wp|House of Orange-Nassau|Orange-Nassau}}" in 2007, effectively re-establishing the previous line of monarchs and ending the temporary eighty-three-year-long {{wp|House of Amsterdam-Windsor|Amsterdam-Windsor}} monarchy.
==Early Life==
==Personal Information==
==Titles & Honours==
*'''22 November 1895 - 23 November 1910''' ''His Royal Highness'' Prince Edward of Wales, the Netherlands, and Prussia
*'''23 November 1910 - 30 January 1913''' ''His Royal Highness'' Prince Edward of the Netherlands, Duke of Cambridge
*'''30 January 1913 - 1 March 1921''' ''His Royal Highness'' The Prince of Wales, Prince of Orange, and the Hereditary Grand Duke of the Luxembourgers
*'''1 March 1921 - 5 January 1923''' ''His Royal Highness'' The Prince Regent
*'''5 January 1923 - 9 June 1924''' ''His Majesty'' The King of the United Kingdom, King of Hanover, King of the Dutch, Grand Duke of the Luxembourgers
*'''9 June 1924 - 30 March 1951''' ''His Majesty'' The King of the United Kingdom, King of the Dutch, Grand Duke of the Luxembourgers
==Honours==
== Ancestry ==
{{ahnentafel
|width=100%|align=center|collapsed=yes
| boxstyle_1 = background-color: #fcc;
| boxstyle_2 = background-color: #fb9;
| boxstyle_3 = background-color: #ffc;
| boxstyle_4 = background-color: #bfc;
| 1 = 1. '''Frederick of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands'''
| 2 = 2. [[George IV and V of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands]]
| 3 = 3. {{wp|Sophia of Prussia|Princess Sophia of Prussia}}
| 4 = 4. [[William V and II of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands]]
| 5 = 5. {{wp|Princess Louise of Prussia}}
| 6 = 6. {{wp|Frederick III, German Emperor}}
| 7 = 7. {{wp|Victoria, Princess Royal|Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom}}
| 8 = 8. {{wp|William IV and I of the United Kingdom and of the Netherlands}}
| 9 = 9. {{wp|Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen}}
| 10 = 10. {{wp|William I, German Emperor}}
| 11 = 11. {{wp|Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach}}
|12 = 12. {{wp|William I, German Emperor}}
|13 = 13. {{wp|Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach}}
|14 = 14. {{wp|Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha}}
|15 = 15. {{wp|Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom}}
}}

Latest revision as of 09:55, 3 May 2024

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