Jane Rockefeller: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix  =
| name              = Jane Rockefeller
| native_name        = <!--The person's name in their own language, if different.-->
| native_name_lang  = <!--ISO 639-1 code, e.g., "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} in |native_name= instead.-->
| honorific_suffix  =
| image              = JaneR.jpg
| image_size        =
| image_upright      =
| smallimage        = <!--If this is specified, "image" should not be.-->
| alt                =
| caption            =
| order              = 69th
| office            = United States Secretary of Treasury
| status            = <!--If this is specified, overrides Incumbent.-->
| term_start        = January 20, 1993
| term_end          = January 20, 2001
| alongside          = <!--For two or more people serving in the same position from the same district.  (e.g. United States Senators.)-->
| monarch            =
| president          = {{wp|Bill Clinton}}
| governor_general  =
| primeminister      =
| taoiseach          =
| chancellor        =
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| chair              =
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| lieutenant        =
| vicechair          =
| succeeding        = <!--For President-elect or equivalent-->
| parliamentarygroup =
| constituency      =
| majority          =
| predecessor        = {{wp|Nicholas F. Brady}}
| successor          = {{wp|Paul H. O'Neill}}
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| chair2            =  <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
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| viceprimeminister2 =  <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
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| parliamentarygroup2=  <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
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| majority2          =  <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| prior_term2        =  <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| jr/sr3      =  {{wp|United States Senate|United States Senator}}
| state3      =  {{wp|New York (state)|New York}}
| term_start3  =  September 10, 1968
| term_end3    =  January 20, 1993
| predecessor3 =  {{wp|Robert F. Kennedy}}
| successor3  =  {{wp|Daniel Patrick Moynihan}}
| pronunciation  =
| birth_name      = Jane George Abby Aldrich Rockefeller
| birth_date      = {{Birth date|1925|5|26}}
| birth_place    = {{wp|New York City}}, {{wp|New York (state)|New York}}, {{wp|United States}}
| death_date      =  {{Death date and age|2007|2|1|1925|5|26}}
| death_place    = {{wp|Martha's Vineyard}}, {{wp|Massachusetts}}
| death_cause    =
| resting_place  = {{wp|Rockefeller Family Cemetery}}<br/>{{wp|Sleepy Hollow, New York}}
| resting_place_coordinates =
| citizenship    =
| nationality    =
| party          = {{wp|Republican Party (United States)|Republican}} (until 1980)<br/>{{wp|Independent politician|Independent}} (1980-2007)
| otherparty      =  <!--For additional political affiliations-->
| height          =  <!-- "X cm", "X m"  or "X ft Y in" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) -->
| spouse          = {{marriage|{{wp|Cassius Curtis}}|22 March 1956|3 March 1961|end=div.}}
| partner        =  <!--For those with a domestic partner and not married-->
| relations      =
| children        = [[George C. Rockefeller]]
| parents        =  [[Prince George, Duke of Southampton]]<br/>{{wp|Abby Rockefeller Mauzé|Abby Rockefeller}}
| mother          =  <!-- may be used (optionally with father parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) -->
| father          =  <!-- may be used (optionally with mother parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) -->
| relatives      = {{wp|Rockefeller family}}
| residence      =
| education      = {{wp|Harvard University}} ({{wp|Bachelor of Economics|BEc}}, {{wp|Master of Economics|MEc}}, {{wp|PhD}})
| alma_mater      =
| occupation      =
| profession      =
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| website        =
<!--Military service-->
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}}


'''Jane George Abby Aldrich Rockefeller''' (May 26, 1925 - February 1, 2007) was an {{wp|American}} businesswoman, socialite, and politician who served as the 69th {{wp|United States Secretary of Treasury}} from 1993 to 2001 under President {{wp|Bill Clinton}}, and previously a senator from {{wp|New York (United States)|New York}} from 1968 to 1993, making her the longest-serving senator from the state at twenty-five years long. A member of the prominent and wealthy {{wp|Rockefeller family}}, Rockefeller, much like her relatives, was originally a member of the {{wp|Republican Party (United States|Republican Party}}. However, following the election of {{wp|Ronald Reagan}} as president in {{wp|1980 United States presidential election|1980}}, Rockefeller dramatically departed the party in favour of becoming an independent politician, a move that made her one of the most prominent independent politicians in {{wp|America}} until her retirement from politics in 2001. As perhaps the most famous female member of the {{wp|Rockefeller family}}, coupled with her status as the daughter of a {{wp|British}} prince, Jane was popularly nicknamed "Princess {{wp|Rockefeller family|Rockefeller}}" by the media, while supporters of her have come to popularly nickname her the "Princess of {{wp|American}} Liberalism".
Much like her uncle, {{wp|Nelson Rockefeller}}, Jane was generally considered to be an ideological {{wp|liberal}} or  {{wp|progressive}}. Prior to entering politics, she served as her [[Prince George, Duke of Southampton|father]]'s chief assistant in running the latter's company, ''The R&S Organisation''. Around that same time, after completing her secondary education, Rockefeller went on to further her education at {{wp|Harvard University}}, where she majored in {{wp|economics}} and subsequently graduated with a {{wp|PhD}} in 1946. In 1952, she joined the {{wp|International Basic Economy Corporation}}, a business founded by her uncle, {{wp|Nelson Rockefeller|Nelson}}, hoping to stimulate the underdeveloped economies of certain countries, while in 1962, following her [[Prince George, Duke of Southampton|father]]'s passing, she was given a 50% stake in ''The R&S Organisation'', making her one of the richest women in the {{wp|United States}}. As the effective leader of the company's {{wp|American}} half of operations, Rockefeller was instrumental in overseeing the company's growing expansion and diversification within the {{wp|American}} market via strong overall presence in a wide range of industries, ranging from {{wp|shipping}} to {{wp|real estate}} and {{wp|aviation}}, eventually culminating in it being one of the biggest companies in the {{wp|United States}} by the rime she later relinquished her control of the company's {{wp|American}} operations to her only son, [[George C. Rockefeller|George]].
Following the assassination of {{wp|Robert F. Kennedy}} on 6 June 1968, which had left a vacancy in one of the two {{wp|United State Senate|Senate}} seats for {{wp|New York (state)|New York}}, Jane, amidst some controversy, was appointed by her uncle and then-{{wp|Governor of New York|Governor}} {{wp|Nelson Rockefeller}} to finish {{wp|Robert F. Kennedy|Kennedy}}'s senatorial term, with Rockefeller herself later going on to successfully defend her seat in subsequent elections, becoming the first woman to be elected as a senator for {{wp|New York (state)|New York}}, the first woman to be re-elected, and the state's longest-serving senator at twenty-five years long. During her nearly two-decade-long tenure as senator, Rockefeller was an avid champion of environmentalism, public housing, civil rights, and social welfare. Most notably, soon after being sworn in as {{wp|New York (state)|New York}} senator, Rockefeller publicly advocated for the creation of a federal executive agency meant to address the environment, similar to that of the {{wp|United States Department of Transportation}} and the {{wp|United States Department of Labor}}, with Rockefeller's proposal eventually materialising in the form of the {{wp|United States Environmental Protection Agency}}, established in 1970 by {{wp|President of the United States|President}} {{wp|Richard Nixon}}.
Despite originally being a {{wp|Republican Party (United States)|Republican}} like most members of the {{wp|Rockefeller family}}, in 1980, Jane, in an act of protest against the nomination of the conservative {{wp|Governor of California}}, {{wp|Ronald Reagan}} as the party candidate for the {{wp|1980 United States presidential election|1980 presidential election}}, left the party to become a political independent, during which she famously gave her famous "No Longer the Party of Lincoln" farewell speech, in which she publicly criticised the growing trend towards right-wing conservatism in the {{wp|Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party}}, which she felt, "was making the party loved by the very people this same party under {{wp|Abraham Lincoln}} fought to end the slavery of {{wp|African-Americans}}". Nonetheless, despite her withdrawal from the {{wp|Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party}}, Rockefeller's position as {{wp|New York (state)|New York}} senator remained largely unchallenged for the next thirteen years, thereby cementing her as the {{wp|New York (state)|state}}'s longest-serving and one of its most high-profile senators.
In 1993, Rockefeller, by then a political independent, was chosen by President {{wp|Bill Clinton}} to become the new {{wp|United States Secretary of Treasury|Secretary of Treasury}}, a position that she promptly accepted. During her almost decade-long tenure as {{wp|United States Secretary of Treasury|Treasury Secretary}}, Rockefeller proved instrumental in the {{wp|United States}}'s ratification of the {{wp|North American Free Trade Agreement}}, which led to the formation of a trilateral trade bloc consisting of the {{wp|United States}} and its two close neighbours, {{wp|Canada}} and {{wp|Mexico}}. At the same time, in line with her longstanding emphasis on social welfare, Rockefeller also advocated for further financial investment into low-income areas, as well as for areas with a large presence of minorities, namely {{wp|African-Americans}} and {{wp|Hispanics}}. Later, in 2001, concurrent with the election of {{wp|George W. Bush}} as president, an elderly Rockefeller chose to retire from politics altogether and lived out the last years of her life at a private residence at {{wp|Martha's Vineyard}}, {{wp|Massachusetts}}, where she eventually died at the age of eighty-one. She was subsequently buried alongside her family at the {{wp|Rockefeller Family Cemetery}} in {{wp|Sleepy Hollow, New York}}.
In 1956, she married {{wp|American}} lawyer, {{wp|Cassius Curtis}}, with whom she had one son, [[George C. Rockefeller]], a successful actor and businessman. However, amidst rumours of incompatibility, the couple later divorced in 1961, after which Rockefeller remained unmarried for the rest of her life. In the meantime, outside of politics, Rockefeller acquired a considerable reputation for her "impeccable" fashion sense, thereby making her a well-regarded fashion icon, with Rockefeller herself having been considered one of the best-dressed women in the world on many occasions.

Latest revision as of 07:54, 11 June 2024

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