Badul nouns: eln: Difference between revisions
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From Middle Badul ''eln'', ''elen'', from Old Badul ''elan'', from Ucerian ''eland'', from Areric ''elant'', from Proto-Bintic ''elantī''. | From Middle Badul ''eln'', ''elen'', from Old Badul ''elan'', from Ucerian ''eland'', from Areric ''elant'', from Proto-Bintic ''elantī''. | ||
Cognate with Torse ''eilit'' (doe), Kuprian ''lant'' (doe). | Cognate with Torse ''eilit'' (doe), Kuprian ''lant'' (doe). | ||
[[File:Deer walking in the snow.jpg|thumb|eln]] | |||
===Pronunciation=== | ===Pronunciation=== | ||
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===Definition=== | ===Definition=== | ||
====Noun==== | ====Noun==== | ||
'''eln''' ('' | '''eln''' (''genitive'' '''elne''', ''dative'' '''elni''') | ||
# a [https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/deer deer]. | # a [https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/deer deer]. | ||
#: ''Salk mi | #: ''Salk mi whil '''eln''' rooe.'' | ||
#: ''I hunted (or caught) some '''deer''' last night.'' | #: ''I hunted (or caught) some '''deer''' last night.'' | ||
# a [https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/doe doe]. | # a [https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/doe doe]. | ||
#: ''Os whiss bir '''eln''' | #: ''Os whiss bir '''eln''' he a thoigh nug dud.'' | ||
#: ''A doe and her fawn were drinking the water.'' | #: ''A doe and her fawn were drinking the water.'' | ||
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The word ''eln'' originally only meant a female deer but since deer were seen as more feminine and were assigned female pronouns it took over its male counterpart, ''dam'', which is now restricted to literary contexts and is still rare even in that regard. | The word ''eln'' originally only meant a female deer but since deer were seen as more feminine and were assigned female pronouns it took over its male counterpart, ''dam'', which is now restricted to literary contexts and is still rare even in that regard. | ||
===Declension=== | |||
<div class="NavFrame" style="width:50%;"> | |||
<div class="NavHead" style="background:#eff7ff">Declension of ''eln''</div> | |||
<div class="NavContent"> | |||
{| border="1px solid" style="border-collapse:collapse; background:#F9F9F9; text-align:center; width:100%" class="inflection-table" | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="3" style="background:#d9ebff;width:100%" | Indefinite | |||
|- | |||
! style="background:#d9ebff;width:20%" | | |||
! style="background:#d9ebff;width:40%" | Singular | |||
! style="background:#d9ebff;width:40%" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! style="background:#eff7ff" | nominative | |||
| bir '''eln''' | |||
| whil '''eln''' | |||
|- | |||
! style="background:#eff7ff" | accusative | |||
| bir '''eln''' | |||
| whil '''eln''' | |||
|- | |||
! style="background:#eff7ff" | genitive | |||
| bir '''elne''' | |||
| whil '''elne''' | |||
|- | |||
! style="background:#eff7ff" | dative | |||
| bir '''elni''' | |||
| whil '''elni''' | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="3" style="background:#d9ebff;width:100%" | Definite | |||
|- | |||
! style="background:#d9ebff;width:20%" | | |||
! style="background:#d9ebff;width:40%" | Singular | |||
! style="background:#d9ebff;width:40%" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! style="background:#eff7ff" | nominative | |||
| an '''eln''' | |||
| na '''eln''' | |||
|- | |||
! style="background:#eff7ff" | accusative | |||
| an '''eln''' | |||
| na '''eln''' | |||
|- | |||
! style="background:#eff7ff" | genitive | |||
| an '''elne''' | |||
| na '''elne''' | |||
|- | |||
! style="background:#eff7ff" | dative | |||
| an '''elni''' | |||
| na '''elni''' | |||
|}</div></div> | |||
====Notes==== | |||
The dative case is constructed by adding an ''-i'' to the direct object. When there is no direct object, the indirect object gains the ''-i'' suffix. | |||
* I gave an apple '''to''' a deer. | |||
* Thug mi bir wùth'''i''' bir eln. | |||
apple (wùth) is the direct object and is being given to the deer which is the indirect object. | |||
* I walk '''to''' the deer. | |||
* Sill mi an eln'''i'''. | |||
Now there is no direct object so the indirect object, the deer, gains the ''-i'' suffix. However, this construction is only used for animate objects. Inanimate ojects get the preposition ''han'' instead of a suffix. | |||
[[Category: Badul]] | [[Category: Badul]] | ||
Latest revision as of 06:01, 19 June 2024
Etymology
From Middle Badul eln, elen, from Old Badul elan, from Ucerian eland, from Areric elant, from Proto-Bintic elantī. Cognate with Torse eilit (doe), Kuprian lant (doe).
Pronunciation
- (stressed)
- IPA: /e̞un͈/ /ɛun͈/
- (unstressed)
- IPA: /əʊn͈/ /əun͈/
Definition
Noun
eln (genitive elne, dative elni)
- a deer.
- Salk mi whil eln rooe.
- I hunted (or caught) some deer last night.
- a doe.
- Os whiss bir eln he a thoigh nug dud.
- A doe and her fawn were drinking the water.
Notes
Like many words in Badul, the word elantī has its stress on its first syllable by its form in Old Badul elan due to contact with the Karabuls who spoke Old Entharic where said thing occurred. In some dialects of Badul such as Dwal and in Kuprian, the word lant or land is used, as the stress pattern shifted to the middle syllable due to its possession of a broad vowel instead of the first due to their little-to-no contact with Old Entharic.
The word eln originally only meant a female deer but since deer were seen as more feminine and were assigned female pronouns it took over its male counterpart, dam, which is now restricted to literary contexts and is still rare even in that regard.
Declension
| Indefinite | ||
|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |
| nominative | bir eln | whil eln |
| accusative | bir eln | whil eln |
| genitive | bir elne | whil elne |
| dative | bir elni | whil elni |
| Definite | ||
| Singular | Plural | |
| nominative | an eln | na eln |
| accusative | an eln | na eln |
| genitive | an elne | na elne |
| dative | an elni | na elni |
Notes
The dative case is constructed by adding an -i to the direct object. When there is no direct object, the indirect object gains the -i suffix.
- I gave an apple to a deer.
- Thug mi bir wùthi bir eln.
apple (wùth) is the direct object and is being given to the deer which is the indirect object.
- I walk to the deer.
- Sill mi an elni.
Now there is no direct object so the indirect object, the deer, gains the -i suffix. However, this construction is only used for animate objects. Inanimate ojects get the preposition han instead of a suffix.