List of British Monarchs (Hanover): Difference between revisions

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| '''{{Big|{{wp|George III}}}}'''<ref>In 1801, when the {{wp|Kingdom of Great Britain}} and the {{wp|Kingdom of Ireland}} were joined together by the {{wp|Acts of Union 1800}} to form the {{wp|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}, {{wp|George III}}, as the reigning {{wp|British}} and {{wp|Irish}} monarch, accepted a suggestion by some parliamentarians that he adopts the new title of "{{wp|British Emperor|Emperor of the British Isles}}", thereby making him the first {{wp|British}} emperor with his successors going on to retain the title to this day. However, while the {{wp|United Kingdom}} was later popularly referred to by many as the "{{wp|British Empire}}", the word "empire" was never formally part of the country's official name similar to the countries of {{wp|Austrian Empire|Austria}}, {{wp|Empire of Brazil|Brazil}}, and {{wp|Mexican Empire|Mexico}}, but rather more like the country of {{wp|Japan}} which, following their defeat in the {{wp|Second World War}}, dropped the word "empire" from their official name while also retaining the emperor as head of state.</ref><br/>''George William Frederick''<br/>12 October 1760<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>29 January 1820
| '''{{Big|{{wp|George III}}}}'''<br/>''George William Frederick''<br/>12 October 1760<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>29 January 1820
| {{Age in years and days|1760|10|12|1820|1|29|duration=yes}}
| {{Age in years and days|1760|10|12|1820|1|29|duration=yes}}
|[[File:Allan Ramsay - King George III in coronation robes - Google Art Project.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:Allan Ramsay - King George III in coronation robes - Google Art Project.jpg|100px]]
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| '''{{Big|{{wp|William IV}}}}'''<ref>At sixty-five years old, {{wp|William IV}} is the oldest monarch to ascend to the {{wp|British}} throne, succeeding his older brother {{wp|George IV|George III}}. Conversely, his son [[William V, King of the British|William V]] is the youngest {{wp|British}} monarch ever, having succeeded to the throne immediately upon his birth.</ref><br/>''William Henry''<br/>26 June 1830<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>20 June 1837
| '''{{Big|{{wp|William IV}}}}'''{{efn|At sixty-five years old, {{wp|William IV}} is the oldest monarch to ascend to the {{wp|British}} throne, succeeding his older brother {{wp|George IV|George III}}. Conversely, his son [[William V, King of the British|William V]] is the youngest {{wp|British}} monarch ever, having succeeded to the throne immediately upon his birth.}}<br/>''William Henry''<br/>26 June 1830<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>20 June 1837
| {{Age in years and days|1830|6|26|1837|6|20|duration=yes}}
| {{Age in years and days|1830|6|26|1837|6|20|duration=yes}}
| [[File:William IV.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:William IV.jpg|100px]]
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| '''{{Big|{{wp|Queen Victoria|Victoria}}}}'''<ref>At only eighteen days long, {{wp|Queen Victoria|Victoria}} is the shortest-reigning {{wp|British}} monarch in history with her reign being abruptly cut short by the birth of her cousin [[William V, King of the British|William V]] who was the son of her predecessor {{wp|William IV|William IV}}. Consequently, she is the first {{wp|British}} monarch in history to abdicate the throne. However, prior to immediately being surpassed by her successor, she was the youngest {{wp|British}} monarch at just eighteen years old.</ref><br/>''Alexandrina Victoria''<br/>20 June 1837<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>Abdicated<br/>7 July 1837
| '''{{Big|{{wp|Queen Victoria|Victoria}}}}'''{{efn|At only eighteen days long, {{wp|Queen Victoria|Victoria}} is the shortest-reigning {{wp|British}} monarch in history with her reign being abruptly cut short by the birth of her cousin [[William V, King of the British|William V]] who was the son of her predecessor {{wp|William IV|William IV}}. Consequently, she is the first {{wp|British}} monarch in history to abdicate the throne. However, prior to immediately being surpassed by her successor, she was the youngest {{wp|British}} monarch at just eighteen years old.}}<br/>''Alexandrina Victoria''<br/>20 June 1837<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>Abdicated<br/>7 July 1837
| {{Age in years and days|1837|6|20|1837|7|7|duration=yes}}
| {{Age in years and days|1837|6|20|1837|7|7|duration=yes}}
| [[File:Queen Victoria 1843.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:Queen Victoria 1843.jpg|100px]]
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| '''{{Big|[[William V, King of the British|William V]]}}'''<ref>Having reigned for much of his entire life for roughly seventy-five years long, [[William V, King of the British|William V]] was formerly the longest-reigning monarch of all time, having surpassed the previous record of seventy-two years held by {{wp|France}}'s {{wp|Louis XIV|King Louis XIV}}. However, this record was later surpassed by {{wp|Romania}}'s {{wp|Michael I of Romania|King Michael I}} who reigned for a total of seventy-seven years until his death. Meanwhile, beginning in 1871, [[William V, King of the British|William V]] became the first {{wp|Emperor of India}}, a title that he holds alongside {{wp|British Emperor|Emperor of the British Isles}} and {{wp|King of Hanover}}.</ref><br/>''William Henry Arthur Frederick''<br/>7 July 1837<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>30 January 1913
| '''{{Big|[[William V, King of the British|William V]]}}'''{{efn|Having reigned for much of his entire life for roughly seventy-five years long, [[William V, King of the British|William V]] was formerly the longest-reigning monarch of all time, having surpassed the previous record of seventy-two years held by {{wp|France}}'s {{wp|Louis XIV|King Louis XIV}}. However, this record was later surpassed by {{wp|Romania}}'s {{wp|Michael I of Romania|King Michael I}} who reigned for a total of eighty years until his death.}}<br/>''William Henry Arthur Frederick''<br/>7 July 1837<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>30 January 1913
| {{Age in years and days|1837|7|7|1913|1|30|duration=yes}}
| {{Age in years and days|1837|7|7|1913|1|30|duration=yes}}
| [[File:WN.png|100px]]
| [[File:WN.png|100px]]
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| '''{{Big|[[George V, King of the British|George V]]}}'''<ref>As a result of the defeat of the {{wp|German Empire}} in {{wp|World War I}}, its constituent states that bordered {{wp|Kingdom of Hanover|Hanover}}, namely {{wp|Grand Duchy of Oldenburg|Oldenburg}}, {{wp|Duchy of Brunswick|Brunswick}}, {{wp|Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe|Schaumburg-Lippe}}, and {{wp|Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont|Waldeck and Pyrmont}} were annexed by the victorious {{wp|United Kingdom}} to form {{wp|Kingdom of Hanover|Hanover}}'s modern-day borders, thereby dethroning their contemporary rulers. In this, by {{wp|right of conquest}}, [[George V, King of the British|George V]] proclaimed himself as the new ruler of the annexed states with their accompanying titles being considered {{wp|subsidiary titles}} for the {{wp|British}} monarch. However, rising anti-{{wp|German}} sentiment during the post-war period saw the use of these titles temporarily discontinued before being put into use again by [[Thomas, King of the British|King Thomas]]. Regardless, the use of these titles by the {{wp|British}} monarch has proved controversial and is strongly contested by the heirs to the defunct thrones of the aforementioned states.</ref><br/>''George Arthur Leopold Frederick''<br/>30 January 1913<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>5 January 1923
| '''{{Big|[[George V, King of the British|George V]]}}'''{{efn|As a result of the defeat of the {{wp|German Empire}} in {{wp|World War I}}, its constituent states that bordered {{wp|Kingdom of Hanover|Hanover}}, namely {{wp|Grand Duchy of Oldenburg|Oldenburg}}, {{wp|Duchy of Brunswick|Brunswick}}, {{wp|Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe|Schaumburg-Lippe}}, and {{wp|Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont|Waldeck and Pyrmont}} were annexed by the victorious {{wp|United Kingdom}} to form {{wp|Kingdom of Hanover|Hanover}}'s modern-day borders, thereby dethroning their contemporary rulers. In this, by {{wp|right of conquest}}, [[George V, King of the British|George V]] proclaimed himself as the new ruler of the annexed states with their accompanying titles being considered {{wp|subsidiary titles}} for the {{wp|British}} monarch. However, rising anti-{{wp|German}} sentiment during the post-war period saw the use of these titles temporarily discontinued before being put into use again by [[Thomas, King of the British|King Thomas]]. Regardless, the use of these titles by the {{wp|British}} monarch has proved controversial and is strongly contested by the heirs to the defunct thrones of the aforementioned states.}}<br/>''George Arthur Leopold Frederick''<br/>30 January 1913<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>5 January 1923
| {{Age in years and days|1913|1|30|1923|1|5|duration=yes}}
| {{Age in years and days|1913|1|30|1923|1|5|duration=yes}}
| [[File:Smaller.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:GOV.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg|100px]]
|[[File:Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg|100px]]
| 3 January 1862<br/>{{wp|Buckingham Palace}}<hr/>Son of [[William V, King of the British|William V]]<br/>and {{wp|Princess Louise of Prussia|Louise of Prussia}}
| 3 January 1862<br/>{{wp|Buckingham Palace}}<hr/>Son of [[William V, King of the British|William V]]<br/>and {{wp|Princess Louise of Prussia|Louise of Prussia}}
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| '''{{Big|[[Frederick, King of the British|Frederick]]}}'''<ref>Until 1947, the year the {{wp|British Raj}} officially came to an end, [[Frederick, King of the British|Frederick]] reigned as the third and last {{wp|Emperor of India}}. The title was officially abolished via the passage of the {{wp|Indian Independence Act 1947}}.</ref><br/>''Edward Frederick William''<br/>5 January 1923<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>7 July 1957
| '''{{Big|[[Frederick, King of the British|Frederick]]}}'''{{efn|Until 1947, the year the {{wp|British Raj}} officially came to an end, [[Frederick, King of the British|Frederick]] reigned as the third and last {{wp|Emperor of India}}. The title was officially abolished via the passage of the {{wp|Indian Independence Act 1947}}.}}<br/>''Edward Frederick William''<br/>5 January 1923<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>7 July 1957
| {{Age in years and days|1923|1|5|1957|7|7|duration=yes}}
| {{Age in years and days|1923|1|5|1957|7|7|duration=yes}}
| [[File:Eddy 5.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:Eddy 5.jpg|100px]]
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| '''{{Big|[[Charles the Great|Charles III]]}}<ref>Having been born in the {{wp|Swedish}} royal residence of {{wp|Haga Palace}}, [[Charles the Great|Charles III]] is just one of two {{wp|British}} monarchs alongside his granddaughter [[Alexandra, Queen of the British|Alexandra]] to have been born in a country where they did not later reign over. </ref>'''<br/>''Charles Frederick William Louis''<br/>7 July 1957<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>Abdicated<br/>15 January 1997
| '''{{Big|[[Charles the Great|Charles III]]}}{{efn|Having been born in the {{wp|Swedish}} royal residence of {{wp|Haga Palace}}, [[Charles the Great|Charles III]] is just one of two {{wp|British}} monarchs alongside his granddaughter [[Alexandra, Queen of the British|Alexandra]] to have been born in a country where they did not later reign over. Like her grandfather, [[Alexandra, Queen of the British|Alexandra]] was born in the {{wp|United States}} where a president is both the head of state and the head of government.}}'''<br/>''Charles Frederick William Louis''<br/>7 July 1957<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>Abdicated<br/>15 January 1997
| {{Age in years and days|1957|7|7|1997|1|15|duration=yes}}
| {{Age in years and days|1957|7|7|1997|1|15|duration=yes}}
| [[File:CIII.png|100px]]
| [[File:CIII.png|100px]]
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| '''{{Big|[[Thomas, King of the British|Thomas]]}}<ref>With the passing of the {{wp|Church of England Act 1998}}, [[Thomas, King of the British|Thomas]] is effectively the last {{wp|British}} monarch to reign prior to the {{wp|Disestablishmentarianism|disestablishment}} of the {{wp|Church of England}} which {{wp|British}} monarchs have traditionally led as {{wp|Supreme Governor of the Church of England|supreme governor}}. In addition, following the transfer of {{wp|Hong Kong}} to {{wp|China}} in July 1997, Thomas became the last {{wp|British}} monarch to use the imperial title which he personally rescinded in a symbolic gesture marking the end of the {{wp|British Empire}} in light of the independence of its last colonial possession.</ref>'''<br/>''Thomas William Frederick Francis Albert Charles''<br/>15 January 1997<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>Abdicated<br/>1 August 2019
| '''{{Big|[[Thomas, King of the British|Thomas]]}}'''<br/>''Thomas William Frederick Francis Albert Charles''<br/>15 January 1997<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>Abdicated<br/>1 August 2019
| {{Age in years and days|1997|1|15|2019|8|1|duration=yes}}
| {{Age in years and days|1997|1|15|2019|8|1|duration=yes}}
| [[File:CLF.png|100px]]
| [[File:CLF.png|100px]]
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| '''{{Big|[[Alexandra, Queen of the British|Alexandra]]}}'''<br/>''Alexandra Katharine Charles Nicole Lauren Elizabeth Thomas''<br/>1 August 2019<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>Present
| '''{{Big|[[Alexandra, Queen of the British|Alexandra]]}}'''<br/>''Alexandra Katharine Charles Nicole Lauren Elizabeth Thomas''<br/>1 August 2019<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>Present
| {{Age in years and days|2019|8|1|duration=yes}}
| {{Age in years and days|2019|8|1|duration=yes}}
| [[File:ALWM.jpeg|100px]]
| [[File:ALPT.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg|100px]]
|[[File:Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg|100px]]
| 11 May 1996<br/>{{wp|Margaretha House}}<hr/>Daughter of [[Thomas, King of the British|Thomas]]<br/>and {{wp|Christy Turlington}}
| 11 May 1996<br/>{{wp|Margaretha House}}<hr/>Daughter of [[Thomas, King of the British|Thomas]]<br/>and {{wp|Christy Turlington}}
|
| {{wp|Jack Schlossberg|Jack Shand}}<br/>{{wp|Westminster Abbey}}<br/>19 January 2023<br/>2 children
| Living
| Living
| {{Ayd|1996|5|11}}
| {{Ayd|1996|5|11}}


|}
|}
== Notes ==
{{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

Latest revision as of 17:48, 22 November 2024

Name
Reign 		Duration of reign Portrait
(Coronation, when available) 		Arms Birth
Date, location, parents 		Marriage Death Age House
Anne
1 May 1707
–
1 August 1714 		7 years, 93 days Dahl, Michael - Queen Anne - NPG 6187.jpg Royal Arms of Great Britain (1707-1714).svg 1 March 1680
St James's Palace
Daughter of James II and VII
and Anne Hyde 		Prince George of Denmark
St James's Palace
28 July 1683
5 children 		1 August 1717
Kensington Palace 		49 years, 176 days Stuart
George I
George Louis
1 August 1714
–
11 June 1727 		12 years, 315 days King George I by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt (3).jpg Royal Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg 28 May 1660
Leineschloss
Son of Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover
and Sophia of Hanover 		Sophia Dorothea of Celle
St James's Palace
11 August 1705
7 children 		11 June 1727
Osnabrück
 67 years, 14 days Hanover
George II
George Augustus
11 June 1727
–
25 October 1760 		33 years, 137 days George II by Thomas Hudson.jpg Royal Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg 30 October 1683
Herrenhausen Palace
Son of George I
and Sophia Dorothea of Celle 		Caroline of Ansbach
Herrenhausen Gardens
22 August 1705
7 children 		25 October 1760
Kensington Palace
 76 years, 350 days
George III
George William Frederick
12 October 1760
–
29 January 1820 		59 years, 110 days Allan Ramsay - King George III in coronation robes - Google Art Project.jpg Royal Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg
until 1801
Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1801-1816).svg
1801–1816
Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg
from 1816 		4 June 1738
Norfolk House
Son of Frederick, Prince of Wales
and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha 		Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
St James's Palace
8 September 1761
15 children 		29 January 1820
Windsor Castle 		81 years, 228 days
George IV
George Augustus Frederick
29 January 1820
–
26 June 1830 		10 years, 149 days George IV 1821 color.jpg Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg 12 August 1762
St James's Palace
Son of George III
and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 		Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
St James's Palace
8 April 1795
No children 		26 June 1830
Windsor Castle 		67 years, 318 days
William IV[a]
William Henry
26 June 1830
–
20 June 1837 		6 years, 360 days William IV.jpg Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg 21 August 1765
Buckingham Palace
Son of George III
and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 		Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
Kew Palace
13 July 1818
3 children 		20 June 1837
Windsor Castle 		71 years, 303 days
Victoria[b]
Alexandrina Victoria
20 June 1837
–
Abdicated
7 July 1837 		18 days Queen Victoria 1843.jpg Arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952).svg 24 May 1819
Kensington Palace
Daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn
and Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 		Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
St James's Palace
10 February 1840
9 children 		22 January 1901
Osborne House 		81 years, 243 days
William V[c]
William Henry Arthur Frederick
7 July 1837
–
30 January 1913 		75 years, 208 days WN.png Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg 7 July 1837
Marlborough House
Son of William IV
and Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen 		Louise of Prussia
St James's Palace
9 June 1857
4 children 		30 January 1913
Buckingham Palace 		75 years, 207 days
George V[d]
George Arthur Leopold Frederick
30 January 1913
–
5 January 1923 		9 years, 341 days GOV.jpg Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg 3 January 1862
Buckingham Palace
Son of William V
and Louise of Prussia 		Sophia of Prussia
St James's Palace
22 August 1887
4 children 		5 January 1923
Rideau Hall 		61 years, 2 days
Frederick[e]
Edward Frederick William
5 January 1923
–
7 July 1957 		34 years, 184 days Eddy 5.jpg Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg 22 November 1895
Rideau Hall
Son of George V
and Sophia of Prussia 		(1) Victoria Louise of Prussia
Berlin Palace
5 January 1913
1 son
(2) Margaretha of Sweden
Westminster Abbey
11 July 1925
1 daughter 		7 July 1957
Buckingham Palace 		61 years, 227 days
Charles III[f]
Charles Frederick William Louis
7 July 1957
–
Abdicated
15 January 1997 		39 years, 193 days CIII.png Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg 15 January 1917
Haga Palace
Son of Frederick
and Victoria Louise of Prussia 		Lauren Bacall
Oheka Castle
15 January 1950
3 children 		2 March 2011
Buckingham Palace 		94 years, 46 days
Thomas
Thomas William Frederick Francis Albert Charles
15 January 1997
–
Abdicated
1 August 2019 		22 years, 199 days CLF.png Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg 17 December 1960
Balmoral Castle
Son of Charles III
and Lauren Bacall 		Christy Turlington
Oheka Castle
14 July 1995
7 children 		Living 63 years, 342 days
Alexandra
Alexandra Katharine Charles Nicole Lauren Elizabeth Thomas
1 August 2019
–
Present 		5 years, 115 days ALPT.jpg Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg 11 May 1996
Margaretha House
Daughter of Thomas
and Christy Turlington 		Jack Shand
Westminster Abbey
19 January 2023
2 children 		Living 28 years, 196 days

Notes

  1. ↑ At sixty-five years old, William IV is the oldest monarch to ascend to the British throne, succeeding his older brother George III. Conversely, his son William V is the youngest British monarch ever, having succeeded to the throne immediately upon his birth.
  2. ↑ At only eighteen days long, Victoria is the shortest-reigning British monarch in history with her reign being abruptly cut short by the birth of her cousin William V who was the son of her predecessor William IV. Consequently, she is the first British monarch in history to abdicate the throne. However, prior to immediately being surpassed by her successor, she was the youngest British monarch at just eighteen years old.
  3. ↑ Having reigned for much of his entire life for roughly seventy-five years long, William V was formerly the longest-reigning monarch of all time, having surpassed the previous record of seventy-two years held by France's King Louis XIV. However, this record was later surpassed by Romania's King Michael I who reigned for a total of eighty years until his death.
  4. ↑ As a result of the defeat of the German Empire in World War I, its constituent states that bordered Hanover, namely Oldenburg, Brunswick, Schaumburg-Lippe, and Waldeck and Pyrmont were annexed by the victorious United Kingdom to form Hanover's modern-day borders, thereby dethroning their contemporary rulers. In this, by right of conquest, George V proclaimed himself as the new ruler of the annexed states with their accompanying titles being considered subsidiary titles for the British monarch. However, rising anti-German sentiment during the post-war period saw the use of these titles temporarily discontinued before being put into use again by King Thomas. Regardless, the use of these titles by the British monarch has proved controversial and is strongly contested by the heirs to the defunct thrones of the aforementioned states.
  5. ↑ Until 1947, the year the British Raj officially came to an end, Frederick reigned as the third and last Emperor of India. The title was officially abolished via the passage of the Indian Independence Act 1947.
  6. ↑ Having been born in the Swedish royal residence of Haga Palace, Charles III is just one of two British monarchs alongside his granddaughter Alexandra to have been born in a country where they did not later reign over. Like her grandfather, Alexandra was born in the United States where a president is both the head of state and the head of government.
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