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{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = Charnean Oil and Petrochemical Corporation  
| name = Charnean Oil, Petrochemical and Energy Corporation<br>ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵢⵜⴻⵏ, ⵙⴰⴴⴴⴰⵢⴽⴻⵎ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵎⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵞⴰⵔⵏⴻⴰ
| logo =  
| logo =  
| image = قصر_الزقورة.jpg
| image = قصر_الزقورة.jpg
| image_caption = COPEC Headquarters in Agnannet
| image_caption = COPEC Headquarters in Agnannet
| type = State-owned enterprise
| type = State-owned enterprise
| founder = [[Baseel Madoun]]
| founder = [[Jelal Medan]]
| key_people = [[Ahmoud Maleman]] (CEO)
| key_people = [[Aghu Rasul]] (CEO)
| industry = Oil and gas
| industry = Oil and gas
| products = Fuel and petrochemicals
| products = Fuel and petrochemicals
| revenue = {{increase}} [[Latin solidus|$]]27.13 billion <br>CDR 352.69 billion (2019)
| revenue =  
| operating_income = {{increase}} [[Latin solidus|$]]2.119 billion<br>CDR 27.547 billion (2019)
| operating_income =  
| net_income = {{increase}} [[Latin solidus|$]]19.969 billion <br>CDR 259.59 billion (2019)
| net_income =  
| equity = {{increase}} [[Latin solidus|$]]101.518 billion <br>CDR 1319.734 billion (2019)
| equity =  
| assets = {{increase}} [[Latin solidus|$]]99.921 billion <br>CDR 1298.973 billion (2019)
| assets =
| subsid = [[Ejjaj]]
| owner = [[Charnea]]
| owner = [[Charnea]]
| num_employees = 127,110 (2018)
| num_employees = 127,110 (2018)
| foundation = {{start date and age|1968|07|06}}
| foundation = {{start date and age|1945|09|06}}
| location = [[Agnannet]], [[Charnea]]}}
| location = [[Agnannet]], [[Charnea]]}}


The '''Charnean Oil and Petrochemical Corporation''', better known as '''COPEC''', is the state owned petroleum company belonging to the [[Charnea|Charnean Confederation]]. With an annual revenue of over 271 billion [[Charnean Dinar|Dinars]], COPEC is the most profitable enterprise in Charnea and a major source of income for the Confederate government, which has limited access to taxation revenue due to its internal political structure and the demographics of the Charnean population. This status affects government policy regarding COPEC significantly, as lawmakers and national leaders in [[Agnannet]] routinely prioritize COPEC infrastructure and revenue over other economic concerns. COPEC was founded in 1968 through the expropriation and nationalization of assets belonging to many foreign and domestic petroleum firms operating in Charnea at that time, and has played a significant role in the internal politics of the Charnean Confederation since its foundation as an institution of great economic and political importance in the country.  
The '''Charnean Oil, Petrochemical and Energy Corporation''' ({{wp|Tamashek}}: ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵢⵜⴻⵏ, ⵙⴰⴴⴴⴰⵢⴽⴻⵎ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵎⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵞⴰⵔⵏⴻⴰ), better known as '''COPEC''', is the state owned petroleum and energy company of [[Charnea]]. COPEC is the largest employer and second-most profitable corporation in in Charnea behind the [[Plexico|Plexico Corporation]], and provides roughly half of all yearly revenue for the state treasury. Charnea is a member of the [[Association of Oil Producing Nations]], playing host to some of the largest unproven gas and petroleum reserves in [[Ajax|the world]]. COPEC is the largest single generator of electric power in Charnea through its {{wp|Electricity generation|generation}} and {{wp|Electric power transmission|grid management}} subsidiary [[Ejjaj]], operating seven gas turbine, four oil fired and two solar power stations across the country. Ejjaj-operated power stations account for 13 of Charnea's 16 total electric power stations and roughly 80% of total generation. COPEC is the only solar power generation company operating in Charnea. The political influence of COPEC over the Charnean energy sector is largely responsible for the lack of penetration of {{wp|photovoltaic system|photovoltaic solar power}} into the national market.
 
Because of its situation as a highly lucrative enterprise responsible for a large portion of government revenue, the management of COPEC is highly politicized and plays a strategic role in the internal affairs of the Charnean state. Prior to the [[Muttay Ajamhuryin]], numerous high profile members of the Agraw Imgharan and the national AKE party, relatives of military officers and regime officials sit on the COPEC {{wp|board of directors}} representing the various interest groups inside the Charnean government that are at least partially dependent on the COPEC revenue stream and direct the company's affairs accordingly. Politically motivated business deals and operational decisions at the highest levels of corporate governance within COPEC were in part responsible for the relatively depressed revenue statistics reported by the company, such as the sale of petrochemicals below market price to Charnean industrial firms including Plexico. The Muttay Ajamhuryin changed this condition, with the subsequent political purges of the Charnean political class eliminating a significant portion COPEC's leadership. Although this has represented a major shock to the company's operations, these are signs that the restructuring of COPEC's business model and corporate governance could positively affect efficiency and profitability and a greater share of the profits from the extraction industry are set to be re-invested in modernizing and improving the company's aging infrastructure.  


==History==
==History==
The modern exploitation of oil in Charnea began in the early 20th century, when products such as kerosene began to be refined from petroleum around the area of [[Talawit]] in western Charnea in 1901. These initially small scale activities by domestic companies attracted the attention of foreign interests in relatively short order however, and by the 1920s firms based in [[Latium]], [[Sante Reze]], [[Yisrael]] and [[Belfras]] had either invested in the Charnean oil fields or directly opened up field operations there. This was facilitated by the contemporary Charnean government, which had already entered into the practice of exchanging local mineral rights to foreign companies in exchange for private investment in public infrastructure such as roads and the electrification of the local areas, which were typically isolated rural zones near or within the [[Zahra desert]].  
The nationalization of the oil industry in Charnea in September of 1945 forced the merger of existing companies Charnopec, Agnannet Petroleum Co and many Charnean subsidiaries of foreign oil and gas companies into the state owned entity COPEC. This coincided with the start of the [[Agala War]], which broke out a month prior to nationalization and served as the main justification for the action by the Charnean government, citing {{wp|Price gouging|price gouging}} and market fluctuations detrimental to the war effort. The war had severely disrupted the Charnean petroleum extraction industry, drawing away much of the state funding and subsidies which drove the growth of the sector. Much of the oil extration up to the point of nationalization had been based in the Charnean far east, especially in Hatheria province, and had been dominated by Alanahri and Latin firms with a focus on exporting through Alanahri rail links to Periclean ports. Nationalization changed this dichotomy with oil operations expanding into the Azalay region in the western Tenere which quickly became the new center for oil production, displacing the Hatherian oil fields by the late 1950s. From 1960 to 1990, Azalay exploitation fueled steady growth in COPEC revenue and enabled the expansion of the company into additional {{wp|Oil refinery|refining capacities}} and enabling COPEC to add value to its product through the production of various petrochemicals such as {{wp|diesel fuel}}, {{wp|gasoline}}, {{wp|kerosene}} and other hydrocarbons such as {{wp|propane}} and {{wp|butane}}. This expansion allowed COPEC to begin opening commercial {{wp|Filling station|gas stations}} across Charnea for the direct sale of its refined petroleum fuels to consumers by the late 1970s. During this same period, COPEC entered the power generation business through the subsidiary company Ejjaj utilizing its refined natural gas and oil products as fuel for the power stations. By the turn of the millennium, COPEC had gained a near-monopoly over the electric power in Charnea alongside its legal monopoly over the oil and gas industry.
 
Nationalization of Charnean oil resources was first proposed in 1961 by a section of the [[New Dawn Plan]], a proposed economic development plan commissioned by [[Amenukal of Charnea|Amenukal]] [[Mzagar ag Mawa|Mzagar]]. Elements of the New Dawn Plan would be coopted and implemented by [[Executor of Charnea|Executor]] [[Baseel Madoun]] as one of his first actions after taking office in the year 1968, one year following Amenukal Mzagar's death and succesion by [[Zaragan Zina]] as Amenukal. This included the foundation of COPEC and the establishment of a modified version of the proposed adademic development in Mount Jekara, which would later become [[Mount Jekara Research Center]], at this time established to take over research and development as well as education and training for petroleum industry specialists once covered by overseas institutions.  
 
Besides a number of industrial disasters and major controversies sparked by COPEC activities in the period of 1968-81, the company faced numbers charges and accusations of embezzlement by its officers and subdivisions. Many of these accusations explicitly linked the regime of Baseel Madoun to accusations of corruption and embezzlement by the state owned COPEC , although no such allegations were ever confirmed or resulted in any convictions. The company would later suffer significant losses both financial and material as a result of the [[East Scipian Wars]], where government reinvestment into COPEC would drop off as corporate revenue was siphoned off to fund the Charnean war effort, and damage to infrastructure resulting from the war was left neglected for decades. This would lead to a decades long slump in revenue for COPEC that would not ameliorate until after the [[Triple Coup]] of 2000 and a reformation of COPEC's corporate structure.  
 
COPEC's revival and modern success would occur as a result of the [[Zombie Plan]] published in 2004 by the government of Executor [[Kubra ult Lamine]], a restoration of many aspects of the [[New Dawn Plan]] of 1961 including several clauses copied over verbatim regarding the function of COPEC in Charnean development, as well as the diversification of the Mount Jekara scientific facilities from purely petro-industrial research to general industrial development projects and broad academic research. Although COPEC's operations and infrastructure would be restored and expanded under the Zombie Plan, its training center at Mount Jekara would take on numerous expansions and diversify into general industrial development and academic research, eventually severing the de facto subordination of the [[Mount Jekara Research Center|MJRC]] under COPEC.


==Operations==
==Operations==
===Exploitation===
===Exploration===
COPEC has been criticized for failing infrastructure ever since the company's historic crash in the 1980s and onward, and continues to be routinely scrutinized for lacking physical infrastructure, technology and financial resources even in spite of numerous increases in the company's budget and investment by the Charnean regime in Agnannet. Some sources have blamed COPEC's perceived failures on a lack of foreign investment and technical assistance in its exploitation and petroleum processing technologies, which the government of Kubra ult Lamine has repeatedly turned away on the basis of the self reliant ideology of the current regime.  Additionally, only a small portion of Charnea's vast territorial expanse has been explored for new reserves. This lack of new exploration has been exacerbated by government policy protecting tribal land rights in the Zahra desert, which has this far frustrated exploration and development attempts across many regions. In spite of this, COPEC announced the discovery of new deposits in southeastern Charnea that the company estimated could yield 400 million barrels of crude oil, the largest discovery in the Charnean oil industry in over 65 years.
COPEC employs a large cadre of geologists and geo-physics specialists focused on exploration and prospecting activities in the [[Ninva|Ninva desert]]. This has historically been done through a seismic exploration process involving the detonation of an explosive charge at a specific point in the desert such that well situated measuring equipment is able to read the shockwaves traveling through the ground and determined from readings the presence of subterranean fossil fuel reserves. In the modern day, sophisticated {{wp|ground penetrating radar}} is increasingly used for exploration. Due to the extremely expansive area of the Ninva desert and the relatively low level of infrastructure of human settlement in the area, exploration of the region has been expensive and time consuming for the company. Identifying and mapping unproven or undiscovered reserves represents the single largest operational expenditure for COPEC, narrowly beating out extraction and refining expenditures.  
===Financial Status===
==Structure==
Taxation of COPEC revenue makes up an estimated 3/5ths of the tax revenue brought in by the Confederate government in Agnannet, and the company pays an estimated 70% or approximately 250 billion Dinars of its income in taxes and other fees and royalties to the government. This heavy tax burden combined with long standing debts from COPEC's down era of the 1980s and 90s has left the company an estimated 70 billion Dinars in debt. Although efforts have been made to repay portions of COPEC's debts, the company remains one of the most indebted petroleum companies in the world.  


==Controversies==
==Controversies==
===Pollution and Land Rights===
The land appropriated by the Charnean government for the exploitation of petroleum resources by COPEC, particularly the west Charnean oil fields, have been the source of long standing animosity of the tribes native to the region against COPEC, the Charnean government and other groups. Particularly, it is alleged by the tribes that COPEC has infringed on the leases and agreements by which the oil fields were granted to the Confederate government, surpassed the regions of the original land grants, obtained land grants through coercion and other illegal means, or caused undue harm to the tribal communities through pollution particularly of the ground water. These disputes have led not only to over 73 different cases in the Charnean justice system, including 13 disputes between courts of the [[Zewiya Nation|Zewiya]] and [[Awakar Nation|Awakari]] constituent nations and the Confederate high courts. Additionally, at least two documented armed confrontation have occured, the first in 1977 against members of the Zewiya nation, and the again in 1998 against paramilitary fighters loyal to the [[Veiled Brotherhood]]. In light of the extensive conflict, the government of Kubra ult Lamine has established a compromise option with the cooperation of the local tribes and the COPEC board which establishes an agreement that COPEC will observe land rights of the native tribes and curb pollution according to targets set by a joint committee of tribesmen and COPEC officers in exchange for a waiver of dues and damages owed to the tribes by Charnean law which previous administrations had neglected to acknowledge. Conflicts in the west of Charnea have also spurred COPEC leadership to further invest in exploitation of newly discovered reserves to the southeast of Charnea, where agreements over usage of the land have been more forthcoming and straightforward.
===Gozourgomat Report===
What has since become known publicly as the Gozourgomat Report, colloquially nicknamed the Gozor, was a secret investigation launched by agents of the then new Lamine regime in 2001 closely following the events of the [[Triple Coup]] which, among other things, put ownership of COPEC in the hands of the Laminid political faction. The objective of the report was to follow up on decades of unconfirmed allegations of embezzlement by COPEC officials, many of the political appointees of former Executor Madoun. 159 arrests were conducted by [[Confederate Inquisition (Charnea)|Inquisitors]] of the high Charnean courts, leading of 144 convictions on charges ranging from embezzlement of funds to violations of transactions laws.
===Incidents===
===Incidents===


[[Category:Charnea]]
[[Category:Charnea]]

Latest revision as of 23:41, 9 April 2023

Charnean Oil, Petrochemical and Energy Corporation
ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵢⵜⴻⵏ, ⵙⴰⴴⴴⴰⵢⴽⴻⵎ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵎⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵞⴰⵔⵏⴻⴰ
State-owned enterprise
IndustryOil and gas
FoundedSeptember 6, 1945; 79 years ago (1945-09-06)
FounderJelal Medan
HeadquartersAgnannet, Charnea
Key people
Aghu Rasul (CEO)
ProductsFuel and petrochemicals
OwnerCharnea
Number of employees
127,110 (2018)
SubsidiariesEjjaj

The Charnean Oil, Petrochemical and Energy Corporation (Tamashek: ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵢⵜⴻⵏ, ⵙⴰⴴⴴⴰⵢⴽⴻⵎ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵎⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵞⴰⵔⵏⴻⴰ), better known as COPEC, is the state owned petroleum and energy company of Charnea. COPEC is the largest employer and second-most profitable corporation in in Charnea behind the Plexico Corporation, and provides roughly half of all yearly revenue for the state treasury. Charnea is a member of the Association of Oil Producing Nations, playing host to some of the largest unproven gas and petroleum reserves in the world. COPEC is the largest single generator of electric power in Charnea through its generation and grid management subsidiary Ejjaj, operating seven gas turbine, four oil fired and two solar power stations across the country. Ejjaj-operated power stations account for 13 of Charnea's 16 total electric power stations and roughly 80% of total generation. COPEC is the only solar power generation company operating in Charnea. The political influence of COPEC over the Charnean energy sector is largely responsible for the lack of penetration of photovoltaic solar power into the national market.

Because of its situation as a highly lucrative enterprise responsible for a large portion of government revenue, the management of COPEC is highly politicized and plays a strategic role in the internal affairs of the Charnean state. Prior to the Muttay Ajamhuryin, numerous high profile members of the Agraw Imgharan and the national AKE party, relatives of military officers and regime officials sit on the COPEC board of directors representing the various interest groups inside the Charnean government that are at least partially dependent on the COPEC revenue stream and direct the company's affairs accordingly. Politically motivated business deals and operational decisions at the highest levels of corporate governance within COPEC were in part responsible for the relatively depressed revenue statistics reported by the company, such as the sale of petrochemicals below market price to Charnean industrial firms including Plexico. The Muttay Ajamhuryin changed this condition, with the subsequent political purges of the Charnean political class eliminating a significant portion COPEC's leadership. Although this has represented a major shock to the company's operations, these are signs that the restructuring of COPEC's business model and corporate governance could positively affect efficiency and profitability and a greater share of the profits from the extraction industry are set to be re-invested in modernizing and improving the company's aging infrastructure.

History

The nationalization of the oil industry in Charnea in September of 1945 forced the merger of existing companies Charnopec, Agnannet Petroleum Co and many Charnean subsidiaries of foreign oil and gas companies into the state owned entity COPEC. This coincided with the start of the Agala War, which broke out a month prior to nationalization and served as the main justification for the action by the Charnean government, citing price gouging and market fluctuations detrimental to the war effort. The war had severely disrupted the Charnean petroleum extraction industry, drawing away much of the state funding and subsidies which drove the growth of the sector. Much of the oil extration up to the point of nationalization had been based in the Charnean far east, especially in Hatheria province, and had been dominated by Alanahri and Latin firms with a focus on exporting through Alanahri rail links to Periclean ports. Nationalization changed this dichotomy with oil operations expanding into the Azalay region in the western Tenere which quickly became the new center for oil production, displacing the Hatherian oil fields by the late 1950s. From 1960 to 1990, Azalay exploitation fueled steady growth in COPEC revenue and enabled the expansion of the company into additional refining capacities and enabling COPEC to add value to its product through the production of various petrochemicals such as diesel fuel, gasoline, kerosene and other hydrocarbons such as propane and butane. This expansion allowed COPEC to begin opening commercial gas stations across Charnea for the direct sale of its refined petroleum fuels to consumers by the late 1970s. During this same period, COPEC entered the power generation business through the subsidiary company Ejjaj utilizing its refined natural gas and oil products as fuel for the power stations. By the turn of the millennium, COPEC had gained a near-monopoly over the electric power in Charnea alongside its legal monopoly over the oil and gas industry.

Operations

Exploration

COPEC employs a large cadre of geologists and geo-physics specialists focused on exploration and prospecting activities in the Ninva desert. This has historically been done through a seismic exploration process involving the detonation of an explosive charge at a specific point in the desert such that well situated measuring equipment is able to read the shockwaves traveling through the ground and determined from readings the presence of subterranean fossil fuel reserves. In the modern day, sophisticated ground penetrating radar is increasingly used for exploration. Due to the extremely expansive area of the Ninva desert and the relatively low level of infrastructure of human settlement in the area, exploration of the region has been expensive and time consuming for the company. Identifying and mapping unproven or undiscovered reserves represents the single largest operational expenditure for COPEC, narrowly beating out extraction and refining expenditures.

Structure

Controversies

Incidents

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