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| {{Infobox country | | ==Politics== |
| |micronation = <!--yes if a micronation--> | | {| class ="wikitable sortable" |
| |conventional_long_name = Republic of the Ikelemba | | ! colspan=3 rowspan=2 | Party |
| |native_name = ''République de l'Ikélemba'' ({{wpl|French language|French}})<br>''Republíki ya Ikélemba'' ({{wpl|Lingala}})<br>''Repubilika ya Ikélemba'' ({{wpl|Kituba language|Kituba}}) | | ! rowspan=2 |Abbr. |
| |common_name = The Ikelemba | | ! rowspan=2 |Founded |
| |status = <!--Status of country, especially useful for micronations--> | | ! rowspan=2 |Position |
| |image_flag = Flag of Ikelemba.png | | ! rowspan=2 |Ideology |
| |alt_flag = <!--alt text for flag (text shown when pointer hovers over flag)--> | | ! rowspan=2 |Leader |
| |flag_border = <!--set to no to disable border around the flag-->
| | ! colspan=2 | Representation |
| |image_flag2 = <!--e.g. Second-flag of country.svg--> | | ! rowspan=2 |Status |
| |alt_flag2 = <!--alt text for second flag--> | | |- |
| |flag2_border = <!--set to no to disable border around the flag--> | | ! [[Øversteting]] |
| |image_coat = COA of Ikelemba.png | | ! [[Lavereting]] |
| |alt_coat = <!--alt text for coat of arms--> | | |- |
| |symbol_type = <!--emblem, seal, etc (if not a coat of arms)--> | | ! colspan=11 | <center>[[Ordinary Peoples' Coalition]]</center> |
| |national_motto = "Unité, Égalité, Liberté" (French) | | |- |
| |englishmotto = (English: "Unity, Equality, Liberty") | | |style=background:#086BF1| |
| |national_anthem = <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists--> | | |[[File:VHSK logo.png|50px]] |
| |royal_anthem = <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists-->
| | |[[Our Home - Peoples' Coalition]]<br/><small>''Vores Hjem - Folkekoalitionen''</small> |
| |other_symbol_type = <!--Use if a further symbol exists, e.g. hymn--> | | |VHFK |
| |other_symbol = | | |1998 |
| |image_map = [[File:Location of Ikelemba.png|250px]] | | |{{wpl|Right-wing politics|Right-wing}} |
| |loctext = <!--text description of location of country--> | | |{{ubl|{{wpl|Statism}}|{{wpl|National conservatism}}|{{wpl|Right-wing populism}}}} |
| |alt_map = <!--alt text for map--> | | |[[Søren Krogh]] |
| |map_caption = The Ikelemba within the {{wpl|African Union}} | | |{{composition bar|48|108|#086BF1}} |
| |image_map2 = <!--Another map, if required--> | | |{{composition bar|187|400|#086BF1}} |
| |alt_map2 = <!--alt text for second map--> | | | style="background:#98FB98; color:black"|<center>Government</center> |
| |map_caption2 = <!--Caption to place below second map--> | | |- |
| |capital = [[Ndoki]] | | |style=background:#00D7B5| |
| |coordinates = <!-- Coordinates for capital, using {{tl|coord}} --> | | |[[File:Fp Ehoway logo.png|50px]] |
| |largest_city = capital | | |[[Progress Party (Ehoway)|Progress Party]]<br/><small>''Fremskridtspartiet''</small> |
| |official_languages = {{wpl|French language|French}}<br>{{wpl|Lingala}} | | |Fp |
| |national_languages = | | |2016 |
| |regional_languages = <!--Languages recognised or associated with particular regions within the country/territory--> | | |{{wpl|Big tent}} |
| |languages_type = <!--Use to specify a further type of language, if not official, national or regional--> | | |{{ubl|{{wpl|Neoliberalism}}|{{wpl|Populism}}}} |
| |languages = <!--Languages of the further type--> | | |[[Torben Bisgaard]] |
| |languages_sub = <!--Is this further type of language a sub-item of the previous non-sub type? ("yes" or "no")--> | | |{{composition bar|11|108|#00D7B5}} |
| |languages2_type = <!--Another further type of language-->
| | |{{composition bar|74|400|#00D7B5}} |
| |languages2 = <!--Languages of this second further type--> | | | style="background:#98FB98; color:black"|<center>Government</center> |
| |languages2_sub = <!--Is the second alternative type of languages a sub-item of the previous non-sub type? ("yes" or "no")--> | | |- |
| |ethnic_groups = {{wpl|Gbaya people|Baya}} • {{wpl|Kota people (Gabon)|Kota}} • {{wpl|Kwele people|Kwele}} • {{wpl|M'Bochi people|M'Bochi}} • {{wpl|Mbaka people|Mbaka}} • {{wpl|Mongo people|Mongo}} • {{wpl|Sangha people|Sangha}} | | |style=background:#B32E2E| |
| |ethnic_groups_year = <!--Year of ethnic groups data (if provided)--> | | |[[File:PK Ehoway logo.png|50px]] |
| |ethnic_groups_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with ethnic groups data)-->
| | |[[Popular Force]]<br/><small>''Populær kraft''</small> |
| | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; | | |PK |
| |91.2% {{wpl|Christianity}}
| | |1984 |
| |—57.4% {{wpl|Catholic Church|Roman Catholic}}
| | |{{wpl|Left-wing politics|Left-wing}} |
| |—21.9% {{wpl|Protestant}}
| | |{{ubl|{{wpl|Democratic socialism}}|{{wpl|Nationalism}}}} |
| |—11.9% Other {{wpl|List of Christian denominations|Christian}}
| | |[[Oluf Kjærsgaard]] |
| |5.4% {{wpl|African Traditional Religion|Traditional faiths}}
| | |{{composition bar|1|108|#B32E2E}} |
| |1.5% {{wpl|Irreligion|No religion}}
| | |{{composition bar|2|400|#B32E2E}} |
| |1.1% Others
| | | style="background:#98FB98; color:black"|<center>Government</center> |
| |0.8% Undeclared
| | |- |
| }}
| | |style=background:#3824B3| |
| | religion_year = 2015 | | |[[File:NEP Ehoway logo.png|50px]] |
| |religion_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with religion data)--> | | |[[National Unity Party (Ehoway)|National Unity Party]]<br/><small>''National Enhedsparti''</small> |
| |demonym = Ikelemban | | |NEP |
| |government_type = {{wpl|Unitary state|Unitary}} {{wpl|Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential}} {{wpl|Republic|constitutional republic}} | | |2001 |
| |leader_title1 = [[President of Ikelemba|President]] | | |{{wpl|Right-wing politics|Right-wing}} |
| |leader_name1 = [[François Kimpembe]] | | |{{ubl|{{wpl|Right-wing populism}}|{{wpl|Nationalism}}}} |
| |leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Ikelemba|Prime Minister]] | | |[[Henry Jørgensen]] |
| |leader_name2 = [[Rémi Emane]] | | |{{composition bar|0|108|#3824B3}} |
| |leader_title14 = [[Parliament (Ikelemba)|President of the Chamber of Deputies]] | | |{{composition bar|1|400|#3824B3}} |
| |leader_name14 = [[Parliament (Ikelemba)|Gaëtan Yikoshu]]
| | | style="background:#98FB98; color:black"|<center>Government</center> |
| |legislature = [[Parliament (Ikelemba)|Parliament]] | | |- |
| |upper_house = [[Parliament (Ikelemba)|Senate]] | | ! colspan=11 | <center>[[Modern Democracy Alliance]]</center> |
| |lower_house = [[Parliament (Ikelemba)|Chamber of Deputies]] | | |- |
| |sovereignty_type = {{wpl|Independence}} | | |style=background:#25D57F| |
| |sovereignty_note = | | |[[File:FV Ehoway logo.png|50px]] |
| |established_event1 = Republic established | | |[[Common Choice]]<br/><small>''Fælles valg''</small> |
| |established_date1 = 2 December 1958 | | |FV |
| |established_event2 = from {{wpl|France}} | | |2015 |
| |established_date2 = 15 August 1960 | | |{{wpl|Left-wing politics|Left-wing}} |
| |established_event13 = <!--(up to 13 distinct events may be included)--> | | |{{ubl|{{wpl|Socialism of the 21st century}}|{{wpl|Eco-socialism}}|{{wpl|Left-wing populism}}}} |
| |established_date13 = | | |[[Leif Søgaard]] |
| |area_rank = | | |{{composition bar|11|108|#25D57F}} |
| |area = <!--Major area size (in [[Template:convert]] either km2 or sqmi first)--> | | |{{composition bar|44|400|#25D57F}} |
| |area_km2 = 299,742 | | | style="background:#ff9090; color:black"|<center>Opposition</center> |
| |area_sq_mi = <!--Area in square mi (requires area_km2)-->
| | |- |
| |area_footnote = <!--Optional footnote for area-->
| | |style=background:#0028FF| |
| |percent_water = 0% | | |[[File:Venstre Ehoway logo.png|50px]] |
| |area_label = <!--Label under "Area" (default is "Total")--> | | |[[Liberal Party (Ehoway)|Liberal Party]]<br/><small>''Liberale Parti''</small> |
| |area_label2 = <!--Label below area_label (optional)--> | | |LP |
| |area_data2 = <!--Text after area_label2 (optional)--> | | |1902 |
| |population_estimate = 4,102,832 | | |{{wpl|Centrism|Centre}} |
| |population_estimate_rank = | | |{{ubl|{{wpl|Liberalism}}|{{wpl|Liberal democracy}}}} |
| |population_estimate_year = 2020 | | |[[Anne-Lise Povlsen]] |
| |population_census = 3,281,299 | | |{{composition bar|9|108|#0028FF}} |
| |population_census_year = 2004 | | |{{composition bar|30|400|#0028FF}} |
| |population_density_km2 = 10.9 | | | style="background:#ff9090; color:black"|<center>Opposition</center> |
| |population_density_sq_mi = | | |- |
| |population_density_rank =
| | |style=background:#F55400| |
| |nummembers = <!--An alternative to population for micronation--> | | |[[File:FI Ehoway logo.png|50px]] |
| |GDP_PPP = $3.786 billion | | |[[United Ehoway]]<br/><small>''Forenede Ihøwæ''</small> |
| |GDP_PPP_rank = | | |FI |
| |GDP_PPP_year = 2020 | | |1968 |
| |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $923 | | |{{wpl|Centre-left|Centre-left}} |
| |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | | |{{ubl|{{wpl|Progressivism}}|{{wpl|E-democracy}}}} |
| |GDP_nominal = $1.370 billion | | |[[Olav Isaksen]] |
| |GDP_nominal_rank = | | |{{composition bar|5|108|#F55400}} |
| |GDP_nominal_year = 2020 | | |{{composition bar|18|400|#F55400}} |
| |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $334 | | | style="background:#ff9090; color:black"|<center>Opposition</center> |
| |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = | | |- |
| |Gini = 58.4 | | |style=background:#F10237| |
| |Gini_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with Gini number)--> | | |[[File:DRP Ehoway logo.png|50px]] |
| |Gini_rank = | | |[[Democratic Revolutionary Party]]<br/><small>''Det demokratiske revolutionære parti''</small> |
| |Gini_year = 2020 | | |DRP |
| |HDI_year = 2021 | | |1937 |
| |HDI = 0.449
| | |{{wpl|Centre-left politics|Centre-left}} |
| |HDI_change = increase | | |{{ubl|{{wpl|Social democracy}}|{{wpl|Agrarianism}}}} |
| |HDI_rank = | | |[[Frederik Antonsen]] |
| |HDI_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with HDI number)--> | | |{{composition bar|2|108|#F10237}} |
| |currency = {{wpl|Central African CFA franc}} | | |{{composition bar|17|400|#F10237}} |
| |currency_code = XAF | | | style="background:#ff9090; color:black"|<center>Opposition</center> |
| | time_zone = {{wpl|West Africa Time|WAT}}
| | |- |
| | utc_offset = +1 | | |style=background:#000000| |
| | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy
| | |[[File:A22 Ehoway logo.png|50px]] |
| |electricity = <!--e.g. "230 V–50 Hz"-->
| | |[[Article 22]]<br/><small>''Artikel 22''</small> |
| |drives_on = right | | |A22 |
| |cctld = <!--Internet country code top-level domain identifier (e.g. [[.br]], [[.de]], etc)--> | | |2008 |
| |iso3166code = <!--ISO code only; no extra text. Use to override default from common_name parameter above; omit using "omit".--> | | |{{wpl|Big tent}} |
| |calling_code = +233 | | |{{ubl|{{wpl|Ethnic party|Indigenous minority politics}}|{{wpl|Federalism}}|{{wpl|Anti-Racism}}}} |
| |patron_saint = <!--Use patron_saints for multiple--> | | |[[Mukitou Bech]] |
| |image_map3 = <!--Optional third map position, e.g. for use with reference to footnotes below it--> | | |{{composition bar|1|108|#000000}} |
| |alt_map3 = <!--alt text for third map position--> | | |{{composition bar|7|400|#000000}} |
| |footnote_a = <!--For any footnote <sup>a</sup> used above--> | | | style="background:#ff9090; color:black"|<center>Opposition</center> |
| |footnote_b = <!--For any footnote <sup>b</sup> used above-->
| | |- |
| |footnote_h = <!--For any footnote <sup>h</sup> used above--> | | ! colspan=11 | <center>'''Unattached'''</center> |
| |footnotes = <!--For any generic non-numbered footnotes--> | | |- |
| | |} |
| | ==Economic Community of Newfoundland (OKOFN)== |
| | {{Infobox geopolitical organisation |
| | | conventional_long_name = Economic Community of Newfoundland |
| | | native_name = {{unbulleted list|item_style=font-size:88%; |{{wpl|Danish language|Narrish}}: ''Økonomisk Fællesskab af Nyfundetland''}} |
| | | linking_name = the Economic Community of Newfoundland |
| | | image_flag = Flag of ECONEW.png |
| | | image_symbol = Emblem of ECONEW.png |
| | | symbol_type = Emblem |
| | | motto = "A shared Western Vision" |
| | | anthem = |
| | | image_map = OKOFN (orthographic projection).png |
| | | map_width = 250px |
| | | map_caption = Member states shown in dark green. |
| | | largest_city = [[Nytslot]] |
| | | admin_center_type = Secretariat |
| | | admin_center = X |
| | | coordinates = |
| | | languages_type = {{wpl|Working language}} |
| | | languages = {{wpl|Danish language|Narrish}} |
| | | languages2_type = Official languages<br />of member states |
| | | languages2 = {{hlist|{{wpl|Danish language|Narrish}}|}} |
| | | org_type = {{wpl|Continental union}} |
| | | membership = '''X member states''' |
| | {{ublist |
| | |{{Flag|Ehoway}} |
| }} | | }} |
| The '''Republic of the Ikelemba''' ({{wpl|French language|French}}: ''République de l'Ikélemba'', {{wpl|Lingala}}: ''Republíki ya Ikélemba'') also known as '''Congo-Françoisville''' and '''Congo-Ndoki''' or simply as '''Ikelemba''' or '''the Ikelemba''', is a {{wpl|landlocked country}} in {{wpl|Central Africa}}. It is bordered by the {{wpl|Central African Republic}} to the north, the {{wpl|Democratic Republic of the Congo}} to the east and south, the {{wpl|Republic of the Congo}} to the south-west and {{wpl|Cameroon}} to the west. It has an area of nearly 300,000 square kilometers (115,830 sq mi) and it has an estimated population of 4,102,832 people. It is divided into 6 districts including the capital and largest city [[Ndoki]]. The official language of the country is {{wpl|French language|French}}.
| | | ethnic_groups = |
| | | | ethnic_groups_year = |
| The area was inhabited by numerous {{wpl|Bantu peoples|Bantu}} tribes along the {{wpl|Ikelemba river}} and {{wpl|Congo river}}. Ikelemba was colonised by {{wpl|France}} who settled the area as the colony of the [[French Ikelemba]] which was incorporated into {{wpl|French Equatorial Africa}}. The [[Republic of Congo-Françoisville]] was declared on 2 December 1958 and gained independence from France on 15 August 1960. After the [[1963 Congo-Françoisville general election|1963 elections]] resulted in violence and the ruling party being ousted from power, a [[1963 Congo-Françoisville coup d'état|coup d'état]] installed [[Laurent Shifu]] as the {{wpl|Military dictatorship|Military dictator}} of [[Democratic People's Republic of Congo-Françoisville]] (DPRCF), a {{wpl|Communist state|Marxist-Leninist state}}.
| | | leader_title1 = {{nowrap|Secretary-General}} |
| | | | leader_name1 = X |
| A [[1975 Congo-Françoisville coup d'état|French-backed coup d'état]] removed Shifu from office and a series of Military-dictators ruled Congo-Françoisville which was renamed to the Republic of the Ikelemba in 1983. Student protests and a worsening economic situation led to the [[1998 Ikelemban revolution|toppling of the government]] and the first multi-party [[2000 Ikelemban general election|elections]] which were won by [[François Kimpembe]]. Kimpembe's rule became increasingly {{Wpl|Authoritarian}} and the [[2004 Ikelemban general election|2004 election]] was deemed to have been rigged by Kimpembe and the ruling party by international observers. Kimpembe was removed as President for several weeks after the [[2011 Ikelemban revolution]] but was reinstalled in a [[2011 Ikelemban coup d'état|military coup d'état]]. The [[Ikelemban civil war]] erupted shortly afterwards, the conflict has killed over 100,000 people and has led to [[Human Rights in Ikelemba|Human Rights abuses]] by pro-government and pro-opposition forces such as extrajudicial executions, the use of child soldiers, forced disappearances and imprisonment without trial.
| | | leader_title2 = Chairperson of the OKOFN Convention |
| | | | leader_name2 = {{flagicon|Ehoway}} [[Torben Bisgaard]] |
| The Republic of the Ikelemba is a member of the {{Wpl|African Union}}, the {{wpl|United Nations}}, the {{wpl|Economic Community of Central African States}}, the {{wpl|Non-Aligned Movement}} and the {{wpl|Organisation internationale de la Francophonie}}. Ikelemba is also one of the {{wpl|poorest countries in the world in terms of GDP per capita}} and has one of the highest income inequality rates in the world. It is the 183rd lowest country in the world in terms of it's {{wpl|Human Development Index}}. Despite this Ikelemba is rich in natural resources such as {{wpl|Gold}} and {{wpl|lumber}} but due to the civil war and sanctions placed on members of the government these resources have not been exploited.
| | | leader_title3 = {{nowrap|President of Parliament}} |
| | | | leader_name3 = X |
| ==Etymology== | | |legislature = {{nowrap|[[Newfoundlander Parliament]]}} |
| The Republic of the Ikelemba is named after the {{wpl|Ikelemba river}} which runs through the south of the country. The name is derived from the Ekelemba tribe that resided on the south bank of the river in the present day {{wpl|Republic of the Congo}}.
| | | established_event1 = {{nowrap|[[Economic Community of Newfoundland#History|Sekakawon Agreement]]}} |
| | | | established_date1 = {{Start date and age|14 October 1962|df=y|p=y}} |
| Before the country was renamed in 1983 the country was known as Congo-Françoisville after the capital city of ''Congo-Françoisville'', now called [[Ndoki]]. Congo-Françoisville is still sometimes used to refer to the country along with ''Congo-Ndoki'' which was used briefly by the French government to refer to the country. Françoisville was named after François Dutoit who led an expedition into what is now Ikelemba in the 18th century to convert the local population to {{wpl|Christianity}}.
| | | established_event2 = {{nowrap|[[Economic Community of Newfoundland#History|Treaty of X]]}} |
| ==History==
| | | established_date2 = {{Start date and age|2 February 1999|df=y|p=y}} |
| ===Early history=== | | | population_estimate = 44,523,301 |
| ===French colonial history===
| | | population_estimate_year = 2021 |
| * French Ikelemba
| | | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $1.813 trillion |
| * Brutal work conditions in French projects
| | | GDP_PPP_year = 2022 |
| * Kongo-Wara conflict
| | | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $40,478 |
| Shortly after the {{wpl|Fall of France}}, pro-de Gaulle army officers took control of Françoisville in a bloodless coup replacing the pro-Vichy administrators and soon after reaffirmed their loyalty to {{wpl|Charles de Gaulle}} against {{wpl|Vichy France}}. French Ikelemba avoided conflict during the war.
| | | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $807.2 billion |
| | | | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 |
| Following the establishment of the {{wpl|France|Fifth Republic}}, the AEF was dissolved and French Ikelemba became an autonomous colony within the {{wpl|French Community}}. The [[Republic of Congo-Françoisville]] was established on 2 December 1958 and was led by [[Alexis Ngazu]] from the [[Party of Congolese Labour and Independence]] (PTIC). Ngazu's government's priority was independence but inter-ethnic rioting broke out in Françoisville which had to be put down by the French Army to prevent a civil war. Ngazu organised the independence of Congo-Françoisville which was achieved on 15 August 1960. Despite independence Ngazu attempted to remain close to France politically which he saw as a guarantee of his rule against the opposition.
| | | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $21,883 |
| ===Republic of Congo-Françoisville (1960-1963)=== | | | Gini_year = |
| [[File:First Congolese parliament.jpg|thumb|right|The Congo-Françoisville Parliament meeting in 1961]]
| | | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |
| Following independence, Ngazu declared himself as both Prime Minister and President of Congo-Françoisville, a move that was decried by opposition parties as illegal under the constitution which Ngazu had helped draft. In January 1961, representatives from the opposition parties introduced a motion to remove Ngazu from office. The PTIC which held a majority in Parliament did not have a coherant response to the challenge and a majority of Representatives in the lower house voted to dismiss Ngazu as Prime Minister and begin impeachment proceedings against his role as President.
| | | Gini = <!--number only--> |
| | | | Gini_ref = |
| Before this could happen Ngazu called the army to the parliament building and soldiers entered the legislative chamber during the vote on impeachment proceedings. The vote failed and one MP who voted in favour was arrested and dragged out of the chamber. Ngazu caved to pressure and instead appointed the Ambassador to the United States, [[Patrick Kwi]] to be Prime Minister. Kwi pressured Parliament to enact new economic reforms to attract investors to help the national economy and between 1961 and 1962 the economy grew at a rapid pace.
| | | HDI_year = 2021 |
| | | | HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |
| Disagreements between Kwi and Ngazu over the state's response to the ongoing {{wpl|Congo Crisis}} led to Kwi resigning as Prime Minister and founding the Union for Development and Independence (UDI) in 1963 shortly before the [[1963 Congo-Françoisville general election|1963 elections]]. Kwi stood against Ngazu in the Presidential election and won with barely 3000 more votes than Ngazu in the second round of voting. Ngazu called the vote rigged and appealed for France to help keep him in power. The French response was muted with the French Ambassador to Congo-Françoisville saying: "France respects the decision of the people of Congo-Françoisville and will work with whoever forms the next government.
| | | HDI = 0.863 <!--number only--> |
| | | | HDI_ref = |
| Supporters of Ngazu began rioting in Françoisville weeks before election day and caused property damage to shops owned by pro-Kwi voters. On inauguration day Ngazu did not attend and rioters blocked Kwi's car for two hours to try and prevent the inauguration from occurring. The riots continued after Kwi was inaugurated. On 17 September Kwi called the army in to put down the riots, the following crackdown killed 18 demonstrators and Kwi was largely blamed for the bloodshed. Whilst Kwi was addressing the {{wpl|United Nations General Assembly}} when soldiers led by [[Laurent Shifu]] took over Françoisville and declared martial law. Kwi was informed of the [[1963 Congo-Françoisville coup d'état|coup d'état]] minutes after he finished his speech.
| | | time_zone = |
| | | | utc_offset = |
| Shifu declared himself President on 2 October 1963 before Kwi could return to Françoisville. Both Kwi and Ngazu were sent into exile in France where both claimed to be the legitimate President of Congo-Françoisville.
| | | time_zone_DST = |
| ===DPRCF and military rule (1963-1982)=== | | | DST_note = |
| [[File:Léonard Mulamba.jpg|thumb|right|Laurent Shifu's rule led to Congo-Françoisville pursuing a closer relationship with the {{wpl|USSR}}]]
| | | utc_offset_DST = |
| The government of Laurent Shifu was strongly backed by the {{wpl|USSR}} because of Shifu's {{wpl|Marxism-Leninism|Marxist-Leninist}} beliefs and ties with the Communist Party of Congo-Françoisville. Shifu visited the USSR for state visits 3 times during his Presidency. Immediately following the coup d'état Shifu declared the establishment of a Communist state and the creation of the [[Democratic People's Republic of Congo-Françoisville]] (DPRCF). The DPRCF was the first communist nation in Africa. Opposition parties were banned and the PTIC became the sole legal party in the DPRCF.
| | | official_website = {{url|www.okofn.org}} |
| | | | area_rank = |
| Shifu survived an assassination attempt after the plane he was travelling on was bombed after taking off from [[Ndoki Kimpembe International Airport|Françoisville Airport]]. Shifu personally led the investigation and determined that a faction of the military backed by the United States and France had attempted to kill him, he proceeded to purge the Army and government of people he deemed to be unreliable including many who had experience from working under President Ngazu. The purge devastated the DPRCF's economy and led to a major recession which thrust many into extreme poverty and near starvation. Shifu resisted accepting foreign aid from France when it was offered and denied any issues within the DPRCF. Under Shifu's rule it's estimated by the UN that over 100,000 people died from starvation or disease.
| | | today = |
| | | }} |
| Shifu began relying more and more on the military and security services to prop up his government which had grown even more authoritarian over the years. {{wpl|Political repression}} grew worse and Shifu attempted to purge the military in 1975 which led to a [[1975 Congo-Françoisville coup d'état|French-backed coup d'état]]. Shifu fled the capital and hid in the jungle before he was captured and shot at an unknown location north of Françoisville. Shifu was succeeded as President by his Prime Minister, [[Denis Leclère-Mvuezolo]].
| | The '''Economic Community of Newfoundland''' ({{wpl|Danish language|Narrish}}: ''Økonomisk Fællesskab af Nyfundetland'', '''OKOFN''') is a {{wpl|Continental union|continental union}} and {{wpl|Trade bloc|trade bloc}} covering X member states in [[Newfoundland]]. OKOFN was founded in 1999 by the [[Economic Community of Newfoundland#History|Treaty of X]] which replaced the [[Economic Community of Newfoundland#History|Sekakawon Trade Organisation]] which was founded in 1962. OKOFN is officially governed by the Secretariat of the Community which is located in X, the Secretariat is advised by the OKOFN Convention, a gathering of leaders from the community which meets semi-regularly, as well as the [[Newfoundlander Parliament]] which is comprised of representatives from each country's primary legislative body. |
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| Denis Leclère-Mvuezolo's Presidency led to the DPRCF abandoning communism but retaining the name, flag of the old state and the one-party rule of the PTIC. Denis Leclère-Mvuezolo however was assassinated and his brother, [[Charles Leclère-Mvuezolo]] was appointed as President in his place. Charles' Presidency saw increased corruption and hyperinflation within the DPRCF. He spent 5% of the annual 1980 budget on a private villa in the rainforest for his family which he did not live in after it was constructed. He also denied the existence of {{wpl|HIV/AIDS in Africa|HIV in Congo-Françoisville}} which caused the spread of the virus to become the worst in central Africa. He was removed from office and replaced by [[Cabinet of Ikelemba|Minster of Finance and Development]] [[Edouard Tombere]] in 1982.
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| ===Ikelemba and Tombere (1982-1999)===
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| [[File:View of Kinshasa, with Pool de Malebo on the Congo River in the background.jpg|thumb|left|Françoisville in 1983 after it was renamed to Ndoki with the Ikelemba river behind it]] | |
| Tombere was keen to appeal more to the west, specifically France and the United States. To try and difference himself from past leaders he announced a new constitution would be drafted and the country would be renamed to Ikelemba. Françoisville was also renamed to Ndoki. The new constitution also allowed for Presidential elections to be held which had not had an election since 1963. The [[1984 Ikelemban general election|election]] was deemed unfair by international observers who claimed that ballot stuffing and intimidation by the PTIC and Tombere loyalists had been present during the campaign.
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| Tombere became the first President of Ikelemba to visit the United States since Alexis Ngazu. He bonded with President {{wpl|Ronald Reagan}} during his first state visit to America, after the state visit Ikelemba received increasing amounts of US foreign aid. Tombere also began a charm offensive in Europe to promote Tourism and investment in Ikelemba. Infrastructure across Ndoki and selected other areas was upgraded and more money was invested in Healthcare and Education.
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| The first signs of a famine in Ikelemba were revealed in 1988 by a French documentary team. Tombere denied a famine and attempted to have the evidence destroyed but it was smuggled into France before it could be destroyed. The [[1989 Ikelemban famine|famine]] reached it's peak in 1989, around 90,000 people or 3% of the total Ikelemban population starved to death before the famine was brought under control. The famine severely damaged Tombere's image and he was characterised as uncaring within Ikelemba and in the west.
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| Challenges against Tombere's rule began to emerge when in 1992 he was challeged to the Presidency in that [[1992 Ikelemban general election|year's election]] by Éric Nouken. He was nearly unseated by a coalition of opposition forces who claimed that the vote had been rigged against them. Tombere was implicated in Nouken's kidnapping and death the next year when he was found beaten to death in the Ikelemba river. Tombere reportedly watched Nouken's beating in the Presidential Palace before he was thrown into the river.
| | The stated goal of OKOFN according to former [[President of Ehoway]] [[Søren Krogh]] is to promote economic and political cooperation between various states in Newfoundland and to respect the individual and unique characteristics of each member state in Newfoundland. As such the Community generally practices {{wpl|Non-interventionism|non-interventionism}} when it comes to the internal affairs of member states. The official working languages of the Community are {{wpl|Danish language|Narrish}}, insertlang, insertlang and insertlang. The Community is an official partner of the [[Concert of Nations]] as well as !otherinternationalorgs. |
| | ===History=== |
| | ====Background==== |
| | ====Sekakawon Trade Organisation==== |
| | ====Founding==== |
| | ===Geography=== |
| | ===Member states=== |
| | ===Objectives=== |
| | The objectives of the Economic Community of Newfoundland as stated in the Treaty of X are: |
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| All opposition candidates were banned from running in the [[1996 Ikelemban general election]] where Tombere won 100% of the vote according to the election committee. Student demonstrations against the election result were put down with force by the Ikelemban army resulting in several deaths. As a result French and American foreign aid was withdrawn from the country until Tombere resigned and a peaceful transition to Democracy had been agreed on.
| | # Achieve and promote stability, peace, cooperation and self-determination within Newfoundland. |
| [[File:Tanks in Kinshasa - Zairian Armed Forces 1985.png|thumb|right|Tanks from the Ikelemban Armed Forces during the [[1998 Ikelemban revolution]]]]
| | # Support economic cooperation between member states and strengthen existing trade networks. |
| | # Respect the territorial integrity, internal affairs, economic system and government system of each member state. |
| | # Recognise and respect the inherent uniqueness and abilities of all Newfoundlander nations. |
| | # Promote cooperation with international partners in the name of upholding peace and stability across the world. |
| | # Support initiatives to raise the standard of living and economic status of all Newfoundlanders. |
| | # Promote and support sustainable and achievable development in every member state. |
| | # Defend the common interests of all member states. |
| | # Recognise and uphold human rights as set out by the international community. |
| | # Strengthen the political, social and economic integration of Newfoundland. |
| | # Promote and strengthen democratic initiatives and norms in each member state. |
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| In 1998 an {{wpl|List of Ebola outbreaks|Ebola outbreak}} which killed 37 people sparked the beginning of the [[1998 Ikelemban revolution]]. Tombere ordered troops to put down the protests but many joined the protesters. Tombere left the country secretly with millions from the national treasury after resigning. Tombere's resignation triggered a political crisis as there was no clear successor to him, eventually a council of civilians led by [[François Kimpembe]] was put in charge and Kimpembe became acting President.
| | The Community's policy of {{wpl|Non-interventionism|non-interventionism}} has been criticised by some for harming the community's attempts at integration as member states generally avoid commenting on other member states' domestic affairs. The [[Modern Democracy Alliance]] of Ehoway came out against the policy and calls for member states to have the ability to suspend or expel other member states who violate the Community's stated objectives, the Alliance claims that Ehoway has violated the 12th objective of OKOFN and has called for punitive measures to be taken against the current government for this. |
| ===Kimpembe's government (1999-)=== | | ===Demographics=== |
| * Rise of Kimpembe
| | ====Population==== |
| * 2000 general election
| | ====Urban areas==== |
| * Populist economic policies
| | ====Languages==== |
| * Growing authoritarianism
| | ====Religions==== |
| * Arrest of opposition leaders
| | ====Migration==== |
| * 2011 Revolution
| | ===Politics=== |
| * Kimpembe's return
| | ====Secretariat==== |
| * Civil war
| | ====OKOFN Convention==== |
| ==Geography== | | * Meeting of all leaders of member states in OKOFN with a rotating Presidency which changes every 6 months. |
| * Geography description
| | ====Newfoundlander Parliament==== |
| ===Terrain=== | | ====OKOFN Summits==== |
| * Rainforest
| | ====Foreign relations==== |
| ===Wildlife=== | | ====Law==== |
| * Wildlife species
| | ===Free Trade Area=== |
| ===Climate===
| | ====Selected tariffs==== |
| * Climate
| | ====Trade agreements with third parties==== |
| ===Districts and Prefectures===
| | ====Protectionism==== |
| * Districts
| | ===Economy=== |
| * District map
| | ===Criticisms=== |
| ==Politics and Government== | |
| * Brief explanation on politics
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| * Change of power
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| ===Executive branch=== | |
| * President
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| * Prime Minister
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| ===Legislative branch=== | |
| * Parliament
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| * Senate
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| * House of Representatives
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| ===Judicial branch===
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| * French influence
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| * Since 2003, effective legal wing of the ruling party
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| ===Foreign relations=== | |
| * Relations with other African states/Conflict with CAR
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| * Relationship with France
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| ====Foreign Aid and UN intervention==== | |
| * Foreign Aid
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| * Controversies (Blocking foreign aid to opposition forces)
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| * UN Intervention force
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| ===Military===
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| * Brief description of the Armed Forces
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| * Role in politics
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| ===Human rights=== | |
| * Mob violence | |
| * FGM
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| * Human rights abuses by the government and opposition
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| * Freedom of speech
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| * Child labour
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| ==Demographics== | |
| * Population
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| * Largest cities/towns
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| ===Religion=== | |
| * Christianity
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| ===Language=== | |
| * Main languages
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| * Minor languages
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| ===Ethnic groups=== | |
| * Native ethnic groups
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| * Very small french settler communities
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| ===Education=== | |
| * Education system
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| * Access to education
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| ===Healthcare=== | |
| * Malaria
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| * Lack of access to healthcare
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| * Civil war impact
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| ====HIV==== | |
| * Percentage of HIV positive citizens
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| * Fight against HIV
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| ==Economy== | |
| * Natural resources
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| * Foreign aid
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| * CFA Franc
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| * Chinese investment
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| ==Infrastructure== | |
| ===Transportation=== | |
| * Road networks
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| * Ferries
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| * Bridge to Bangui
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| * Airport/State airline
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| * Rail
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| ===Energy=== | |
| * Main source of electricity
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| * Other sources
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| ===Communications=== | |
| * Mobile carrier
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| * Internet access
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| ==Culture== | |
| * Notable Ikelemban authors
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| * Cuisine
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| ===Media===
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| * State media
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| * Newspapers
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| * Opposition media
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| ===Music=== | |
| * Traditional music
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| * Modern music
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| ===Sports=== | |
| * Sports
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| ===Festivals and Holidays=== | |
| * List of holidays
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