Superior: Difference between revisions

Republic of Superior
Republic of Superior
	Flag
	Motto: Our right, our land!
Capital	Bayfield
Largest city	Superior
Official languages	English
Government	Presidential Republic
• President	Edwin R. Mills
• Deputy-President	Arthur M. Jackson
Legislature	State Council
Area
• Total	35,841 sq mi (92,830 km2)
Population
• 2020 estimate estimate	661,807
• Density	18.4/sq mi (7.1/km2)
Currency	Superior Dollar
Time zone	CST
Date format	dd-mm-yyyy
Driving side	right
Internet TLD	.su

Latest revision as of 02:48, 5 October 2022

Superior, officially the Republic of Superior, and less commonly known as the Republic of Northern Wisconsin or the Republic of Ontonagon, is a self-proclaimed breakaway state in the midwest region of North America. It borders the Mesabi Republic to the northwest, the Fort McCoy Military Administration and East Wisconsin to the south, and Lake Superior to the north. The southern border of the Upper Peninsula lie on Lake Michigan. Superior occupies an area of 92,830 km2 (35,841 sq mi) with a population of about 661,000 within. It consists of the counties of Polk, Barron, Rusk, Price, Lincoln, Langlade, Forest, Florence, Oneida, Vilas, Iron, Ashland, Sawyer, Washburn, Burnett, Douglas and Bayfield from the former state of Wisconsin, and the counties of Alger, Baraga, Chippewa, Delta, Dickinson, Gogebic, Houghton, Iron, Keweenaw, Luce, Mackinac, Marquette, Menominee, Ontonagon and Schoolcraft counties in the Upper Peninsula. Its capital is Bayfield and largest city is Superior. Formed sometime after the nuclear attack on Washington D.C., the Republic of Superior maintains an official alliance with the Mesabi Republic, and has poor relations with the Fort McCoy Military Administration and East Wisconsin, the two other successor states in the former state of Wisconsin. Polk County is the only county of the Republic that borders the Greater Twin Cities Municipal Authority, but the only border crossing remains closed.

Geography

The region that the Republic of Superior encompasses is known as the Northern Highland and was once a mountain range similar to the Alps or Rocky Mountains of today. Over hundreds of millions of years, these mountains were worn and flattened out by erosion and glaciation. The region is mostly a smooth plain, but it remains higher than the rest of the state and some hilly regions continue to exist. Located near the center of the region, Timms Hill in Price County is the highest point in Wisconsin, at an elevation of 1,951 feet (595 m) feet above sea level, where the highest point in the whole republic is Mount Arvon, elevation 1,979 feet (603 m) located in the Upper Peninsula. Other hills such as Rib Mountain also approach this elevation.

Nicolet National Forest, the Pine River.

Whether hilly or flat, most of the republic is covered in woodlands. The most common trees of Northern Wisconsin are the Sugar Maple, Aspen, Basswood, Hemlock, and Yellow Birch, as well as Red and White Pine. A large amount of the forestland in the region is included within the 1,519,800-acre (6,150 km2) Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest. State and county forests also cover a significant part of the region, and only a small portion of the land is devoted to agriculture. Despite the absence of large cities, tourism is an important part of the local economy. The region’s numerous lakes and forests make it a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts during the summer season. The Upper Peninsula contains 16,377 square miles (42,420 km2). The maximum east–west distance in the Upper Peninsula is about 320 miles (510 km), and the maximum north–south distance is about 125 miles (201 km). It is bounded on the north by Lake Superior, on the east by St. Marys River, on the south by Lake Michigan and Lake Huron, and on the west by Wisconsin. It has about 1,700 miles (2,700 km) of continuous shoreline with the Great Lakes. There are about 4,300 inland lakes, the largest of which is Lake Gogebic, and 12,000 miles (19,000 km) of streams.

Wildlife

The wildlife of Superior includes whitetail deer, timber wolves, elk, moose, and bear. The Upper Peninsula contains a larger variety of wildlife. Some of the mammals found in the UP include shrews, moles, mice, white-tailed deer, moose, black bears, cougar, gray and red foxes, wolves, river otters, martens, fishers, muskrats, bobcats, coyotes, snowshoe hares, cotton-tail rabbits, porcupines, chipmunks, squirrels, raccoons, opossum and bats. There is a large variety of birds, including hawks, osprey, owls, gulls, hummingbirds, chickadees, robins, cardinals (the national bird), woodpeckers, warblers, and bald eagles. In terms of reptiles and amphibians, the UP has common garter snakes, red bellied snakes, pine snakes, northern water snakes, brown snakes, eastern garter snakes, eastern fox snakes, eastern ribbon back snakes, green snakes, northern ringneck snakes, eastern milk snakes (Mackinac and Marquette counties) and eastern hognose snakes (Menominee County only), plus snapping turtles, wood turtles, and painted turtles, green frogs, bullfrogs, northern leopard frogs, and salamanders. Lakes and rivers contain many fish such as walleye, muskie, northern pike, trout, salmon, bullhead catfish, and bass. Invasive species like the alewife and sea lamprey can be found in the Great Lakes. The UP also contains many shellfish, such as clams, aquatic snails, and crayfish. The American Bird Conservancy and the National Audubon Society have designated several locations as internationally Important Bird Areas.

Politics

Bayfield County Courthouse, the seat of government for Superior.

Superior is a presidential republic. The president is directly elected for a maximum of two consecutive 4-year terms. The current President is Edwin Mills, and Deputy-President is Arthur Jackson. The government of Superior passed through a non-representative phase from 1999 to 2001; a semi-legislative second phase, which included the election of the legislature (the State Council (2001-2010); and a final period, when the government was transitioned to a representative system, where the legislature and president are elected by the people (2010-present).

Under the non-representative phase, the president with congressional approval, appointed members to the State Council. Local inhabitants did not elect these officials. During the second, or semi-legislative phase of government, the adults at least 18 years of age elected representatives to the legislature. In the semi-legislative phase of government, State Council could legislate for the republic, but the president retained absolute veto power.

Incumbent President Edwin Mills

Judicial Court

In the beginning of the republic, no provision was made for a popularly-elected government in the non-representative phase (1999-2001). Instead of separate legislative and judicial branches of the government, had the authority to appoint a General Court consisting of three judges. The judges were initially appointed by the president, who later delegated this authority to the State Council. Acting as the combined judicial and legislative government, the president and the three judges adopted the laws to govern the republic. In addition to working with the president on legislative issues, the judges presided over the General Court. When the republic entered the second or semi-legislative phase of government in 2001, the legislature gradually became the dominant branch and the judges focused on judicial matters. In 2009, as the republic progressed toward the final phase of government, three circuit courts were established.

Legislature

When the republic entered its second or semi-legislative phase of government in 2001, inhabitants were allowed to elect representatives to the unicameral legislature, the State Council.

After the formation of the new legislative body, each county in the republic was granted the right to elect representatives to the State Council. The president retained his veto powers, as well as his general executive and appointive authority, while the legislative assembly had the authority to pass laws, subject to the president's approval before they could be enacted. The change in governance also removed the judges' legislative powers, leaving the courts with only its judicial authority. The State Council originally had 32 members but was raised to 64 in 2009.

List of Presidents

1999-2007: Wayne Kolpak (Independent)
2007-2011: Harry Ross (National Party)
2011-2015: Kelvin Stanley (Labor–Farm Party)
2015-present: Edwin Mills (National Party)

Military

The military of Superior is a collection of militia units from each county (32 units) which are organized into the Superior National Defence Force (SNDF). Officially, SNDF consists only of volunteer units. In practice, the President can issue a decree allowing the SNDF to conscript able bodied individuals in times of national emergency. President Wayne Kolpak had created a legal framework for these local militia companies to organize, drill, and serve as a home guard units capable of handling state emergencies. Each district has one District Commander, who is in charge of recruiting, organizing, training and leading the District Militias. All district militia commanders are subordinate to the SSDF Command. In times of war, all 32 district militia units and their respective commanders are assembled and placed under direct control of the SNDF. Reports estimate that around 6,000 to 7,000 individuals are active servicemen, with a reserve force of 13,000 to 15,000. Women are not allowed to be in active service and are restricted to support roles. Most servicemen are stationed at strategic locations across the republic including (but not limited to) power plants, airports, harbors, police stations, courts, former Wisconsin National Guard armories, municipal buildings and radio stations. The Superior Naval Militia has around 1500 enlisted and volunteers and primarily conducts patrols of the various waterways and coastal areas of the republic. They are responsible for the security of maritime borders and prevention of piracy or smuggling. The Superior Air Patrol handles the management and security of airfields in the republic, and consists of mostly civilian aircraft with limited combat abilities.

Economy

Three dollar note.

The Republic of Superior is rich in mineral deposits, including iron, copper, nickel, and silver. Superior's economy is primarily focused on mining, forestry and agricultural activities. Cattle industries are also maintained. A number of industrial facilities exist, particularly around the higher population areas such as Superior and Marquette. Following the war in the 1998-99, Superior has struggled economically. Even the most developed parts of the country are largely rural, and the little industry the country has was largely damaged or destroyed. During the outbreak of the war, many large multi-national companies abandonded the area, leading to a shortage of internet providers, healthcare, electricity and common consumer goods. Electric distribution became controlled by the government subsidiary called the Northern Wisconsin Public Energy Service, which regulated electric and gas utility and managed the operations of power plants. Consumer goods had to be imported or produced domestically, which were then distributed to local grocery and hardware stores. Large multi-national corporations such as Wal-Mart, Menards or BP no longer exist in the state, and their buildings have been demolished or repurposed into local variants. Large food processing plants owned by foreign companies were nationalized in order to ensure a steady supply of domestically produced food.

Although allowed to cross the border into the Mesabi Republic, citizens in Superior are not able to work abroad, and have since had to find jobs locally in mines, farms or small factories. White collar jobs made up a small portion of the work force and many workers are skilled tradesmen or unskilled laborers. Common jobs include farm-hands, miners, construction workers, factory laborers and stevedores. Republic authorities created state-run farms run by the CCC alongside private farms to employ workers and boost local production of food items and thus reducing the need for such imports. For this purpose, the area planted with wheat, corn, beans and potatoes. The Superior Department of Agriculture also imports some tractors from Jackson in the Red River Incorporated Cities, as no tractors are made domestically. However, one factory (the Phillips Tractor Factory) is currently under construction to produce tractors, bulldozers, and other agricultural equipment.

White Rapids Power Plant, a 7MW hydroelectric dam.

To aid with the rebuilding of the republic after the war, the Superior Department of Labor created its own Civilian Conservation Corps as a work relief program. It provided manual labor jobs related to the exploitation and development of natural resources in rural lands owned by national and local governments, the rebuilding of residential and industrial areas affected by the war, and the reconstruction of road and rail infrastructure. The CCC is designed to supply jobs for young men and to relieve families who had difficulty finding jobs during recovery from the war. TThe CCC provides workers with shelter, clothing, and food, together with a monthly wage. The CCC holds the authority to relocate workers wherever needed around the republic, giving valuable manpower to places like mines and factories. The Department of Labor, working with the still young Superior Department of Corrections implimented prison labor, and set able-bodied eligible prisoners to work on hard labor jobs.

Mining

Northern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula are home to a number of derelict mines that had become unprofitable in the early to mid 1900s. The Superior Department of Mining was quick to survey and re-open mines in order to create revenue from exports. Flambeau Mine, a major producer of copper, gold and silver was expanded and more workers were relocated to the area. The Quincy Mine near Hancock, UP was reopened for full scale operation for the first time since 1945. This also included the repair and re-opening of the Quincy Mining Company Stamp Mills, the Quincy Dredge Number Two, and the Quincy Smeltery. A workforce was also relocated to the area to staff the operation. The Cliffs Shaft Mine, formerly a museum, was refitted and re-opened for the first time since 1967, continuing underground iron mining in the area. The CCC has moved thousands of workers to these mines to avoid staffing issues. While lagging well behind modern standards for saftey and productivity, the mining industry creates valuable exports of raw minerals and provides jobs to many. Silica sand mining business has more than doubled since the war ended because of the need for this particular type of sand, which is used in a process known as hydraulic fracturing. Superior produces 60% of all silica used in the former United States. Facing an industrial mining boom, being dubbed the "sand rush" because of the new demand from large oil companies for silica sand, Superior ships frac sand by rail to places like the Dakotas by rail, and Pennsylvania by bulk cargo ship.

Forestry

The forest products industry is the number one employer in Florence, Iron, Lincoln, Price, Rusk, and Sawyer counties. In Langlade county alone, lumber generates 422 jobs, 495 indirect jobs and an economic impact of close to $65 million annually. Forestry equipment had proved to be expensive and difficult to acquire, so the industry is also behind on modern standards. MacDonald & Owen Lumber Company (Luck, Polk County) is a major producer of hardwood lumber.

Agriculture

The climate and topography of Northern Wisconsin is favorable to both arable crops and livestock grazing. The nation has a short growing season, but lacks much of the natural disasters that threaten crops. In the Upper Peninsula, agriculture is limited, though potatoes, strawberries and a few other small fruits are grown. In the southern part of the nation, production of corn for silage and snap beans for processing make up a large portion of farming operations. Oats, potatoes, carrots, and sweet corn for processing are also common. Superior is a major exporter of Maple syrup, due to the abundance of maple trees. State-run farms managed by the CCC provide thousands of jobs all over Northern Wisconsin, and are crucial for the production of foodstuffs. Private farms are still common, but the state encourages farmers to hire local workers. F&A Dairy, a major dairy products producer located in Dresser (Polk County), produces $170 million of revenue for Superior.

Electricity

As the war ended, the government took control of many critical industries, one of such is energy. The newly created Department of Electric Power re-opened several old or outdated power stations and connected them to the national power grid, including two coal-fired plants. This process took time, as many old power stations rely on old technology or equipment so it's not uncommon to see old power plants in modern operation. Superior generates a total of 621 MW of electricity domestically, with hydroelectric dams providing 38% of all electricity generated at 241 MW. Old or smaller hydroelectric stations are in the process of being modernized or expanded to produce as much power as possible as often as possible. While only having two generating stations, natural gas makes up for 29% at 183 MW. Since natural gas must be constantly imported, the state has planned no new natural gas power plants. The republic hosts three coal-fired power plants, two of which (Shiras Station and Escanaba Generating Station) were previously decomissioned but re-opened shortly after the end of the war due to rising energy shortages. Coal must also be imported, so the Department of Electric Power Industry only maintains the plants until alternatives can be found. Coal makes up for 22% at 141 MW. Biomass, refuse and solar come in last, with an estimated 55 MW being generated. The largest hydroelectric dam is the Edison Sault Power Plant in Sault Ste. Marie on the St. Marys River, generating 27 MW. The second largest is Saint Croix Falls Hydro in Polk County on the Saint Croix River, generating 23.2 MW. The Department of Electric Power has started construction of a 67 megawatt boiling water nuclear reactor (BWR) in Bayfield similar to that of the Big Rock Point Nuclear Power Plant. If successful, the department will issue the construction of several more along coastlines in an attempt to replace natural gas and coal power stations.

Since the war, Superior and its economy has been critically dependent on its agricultural and lumber exports as the mining industry continues to develop. The estimated per capita income is $31,995 RSD.

Former SOO locomotive operating for Laona and Northern Railway.

Transportation

Large scale projects to revive the rail industry have been in progress since the end of the war. The Wisconsin Northern Railroad, Laona and Northern Railway and Escanaba and Lake Superior Railroad were all nationalized after the war, and only the Wisconsin Northern Railroad remains a government subsidiary. Other smaller railroads include the Bayfield Western Railroad and the Tomahawk and Eastern Railway. The Indianhead Central Railroad is currently the newest rail company funded by the government of Superior and investors from other nearby nations. Its trackage follow the old Gandy Dancer Trail from Dresser Junction to Superior, with intermittent branch lines. The rail service sector has a majority of its activities come from mining (iron, copper and frac sand), forestry (wood, pulp and paper) and agricultural products. The rail service sector has become more profitable since the formation of the republic, as the trucking industry was struggling to import trucks, spare parts and fuel to continue mass road transport. The government has been funding and encouraging the use and construction of railways for passenger and cargo transportation. The rail service employs the use of EMD GP15-1, EMD SD38-2, EMD SD40M-2 and EMD SD40M-2 locomotives, and is in the process of opening a manufacturing center for the construction and development of new locomotives and parts.

The trucking industry declined sharpy after the war. The importation of motor vehicles, especially heavy duty vehicles and tractor-trailers became near impossible. Fuel prices for gasoline and diesel spiked and road transport became very unprofitable and unreliable. Spare parts for vehicles became difficult to acquire. More companies turned to the rail service sector to transport and export their goods, most of which to the Mesabi Republic, continue west to Great Dakota or through the great lakes to nations to the east and Canada.

Maritime Transport remained strong even after the end of the war. Transportation by water plays a vital role in the transport of bulk commodities such as agricultural products, taconite, and forestry products, as well as foreign imports and heavy machinery. Ports in the republic provide an important transportation alternative that other nations in the former United States simply cannot offer to their manufacturers, shippers, and suppliers. Superior's harbors and ports serve as important hubs of economic activity for manufacturing, shipbuilding, cargo handling, passenger ferry services, transportation logistics, commercial fishing, and as recreational centers. Each year, Superior's ports handle some 29 million tons of cargo worth an estimated value of over $5 billion. Nations without water access will sometimes ship goods by rail to the Republic and export goods via ports.

Culture

Sports

The Indianhead Junior Hockey League is the single most popular sport in Superior. The league was created by the government and local hockey associations to boost tourism in rural areas. Every year, thousands of attendees from Superior, Mesabi Republic, Red River and parts of Canada all come to spectate the IJHL. There had been proposals to combine the hockey associations of the Mesabi Republic and the IJHL, but have since been disregarded for political reasons.

List of IJHL Teams:

West Marshland Lions
Swiss Township Wolves
St. Joseph Bloodhounds
River Valley Eagles
Thornapple Buccaneers
North Valley Northmen
Maple Plain Knights
Indian Creek Chieftains
Hillsdale Warriors
East Farmington Trojans
Dairyland Antlers
Alden Township Bearcats
Almelund Mustangs

Last season, the St. Joseph Bloodhounds secured their first IJHL championship, defeating the Almelund Mustangs 5-3. In third place came the Maple Plain Knights.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{WIP}}
 {{Infobox country
-|conventional_long_name = Republic of Northern Wisconsin <!--Formal or official full name of the country in English-->
+|conventional_long_name = Republic of Superior <!--Formal or official full name of the country in English-->
 |native_name =         <!--Country's name (usually full name) in its native language, hence in italics (double quotemarks)-->
-|common_name =        North Wisconsin<!--Common name in English (used for wikilinks and to produce a default iso3166 code)-->
+|common_name =        Superior<!--Common name in English (used for wikilinks and to produce a default iso3166 code)-->
-|image_flag =         Republic-of-north-wisconsin.PNG<!--e.g. Flag of country.svg-->
+|image_flag =         File:Superiorflag1.png<!--e.g. Flag of country.svg-->
 |image_coat =         <!--e.g. Coat of arms of country.svg-->
 |national_motto =     ''Our right, our land!''<!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists-->
@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 |alt_map2 =           <!--alt text for second map-->
 |map_caption2 =       <!--Caption to place below second map-->
-|capital =            [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Mountain,_Michigan Iron Mountain]<!--Name of country/territory's capital, wikilinked if link exists-->
+|capital =            Bayfield<!--Name of country/territory's capital, wikilinked if link exists-->
 |largest_city =       [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior,_Wisconsin Superior]<!--Name of country/territory's largest city. Use "capital" (without quotemarks) if it's the capital.-->
 |official_languages = English<!--Languages recognised in legislation, constitution, etc-->
@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 |ethnic_groups =      <!--List/breakdown of ethnic groups within the country/territory-->
 |ethnic_groups_year = <!--Year of ethnic groups data (if provided) or use to place a <ref>-->
-|demonym =            Wisconsinite<!--Term/s describing those associated with the country/territory (e.g. "Belgian" for the country Belgium)-->
+|demonym =            <!--Term/s describing those associated with the country/territory (e.g. "Belgian" for the country Belgium)-->
 |government_type =    Presidential Republic<!--(often a compound multi-wikilinked term, e.g. "Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic", etc)-->
 |leader_title1 =      President<!--(for a country, usually the head of state's (wikilinked) title, e.g. "President", "Monarch")-->
-|leader_name1 = William Kennard
+|leader_name1 = [[Edwin R. Mills]]
 |leader_title2 =      Deputy-President<!--(could be "Vice President", otherwise "Prime Minster", etc, etc)-->
-|leader_name2 = Edwin Mills
+|leader_name2 = [[Arthur M. Jackson]]
 |legislature =        State Council<!--Name of the country/territory's governing body, e.g. "Parliament", "Congress", etc-->
 |upper_house =        <!--Name of governing body's upper house, if given (e.g. "Senate")-->
 |lower_house =        <!--Name of governing body's lower house, if given (e.g. "Chamber of Deputies")-->
-|sovereignty_type =   Independence from [[Great Lakes Federation]]<!--Brief description of country/territory's status ("Independence [from...]", "Autonomous province [of...]", etc)-->
+|sovereignty_type =   <!--Brief description of country/territory's status ("Independence [from...]", "Autonomous province [of...]", etc)-->
 |established_event1 = <!--First key event in history of country/territory's status or formation-->
 |established_date1 =  <!--Date of first key event-->
 |established_event2 =
 |established_date2 =
 |established_event3 =
 |established_date3 =
@@ Line 51: / Line 51: @@
 |HDI =                         <!--(Human Development Index; input number only; valid values are between 0 and 1)-->
 |HDI_year =
-|currency =           Northern Wisconsin Dollar<!--Name/s of currency/ies used in country/territory-->
+|currency =           Superior Dollar<!--Name/s of currency/ies used in country/territory-->
 |time_zone =          CST<!--e.g. GMT, PST, AST, etc, etc (wikilinked if possible)-->
 |utc_offset =         <!--in the form "+N", where N is number of hours offset-->
 |date_format =        dd-mm-yyyy<!--numeric dates (dd-mm-yyyy, yyyy.mm.dd, etc) plus era (CE, AD, AH, etc)-->
 |drives_on =          right<!--"right" or "left" (side of road)-->
-|cctld =              .nw<!--Internet country code top-level domain identifier (e.g. [[.br]], [[.de]], etc)
+|cctld =              .su<!--Internet country code top-level domain identifier (e.g. [[.br]], [[.de]], etc)
 |calling_code =       <!--e.g. [[+1]], [[+531]], [[+44]], etc-->
 }}
-'''Northern Wisconsin''', officially the '''Republic of Northern Wisconsin''', is a self-proclaimed [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secession breakaway state] in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midwestern_United_States midwest region] of North America. It lies between the [[Heartland Republic]] and the [[Great Lakes Federation]] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Superior Lake Superior], occupying an area of 92,830 km2 (35,841 sq mi), with a population of about 661,000. Northern Wisconsin declared its independence from the Great Lakes Federation two years after the events of the [[Shattered Union]] and has since gained no diplomatic recognition as a sovereign state other than from the [[Heartland Republic]]. It consists of the counties of Polk, Barron, Rusk, Price, Lincoln, Langlade, Forest, Florence, Oneida, Vilas, Iron, Ashland, Sawyer, Washburn, Burnett, Douglas and Bayfield in Wisconsin, and the counties of Alger, Baraga, Chippewa, Delta, Dickinson, Gogebic, Houghton, Iron, Keweenaw, Luce, Mackinac, Marquette, Menominee, Ontonagon and Schoolcraft counties in the Upper Peninsula. Most of Northern Wisconsin is covered in a mixture of plains and fields and dense forests. Its capital is Iron Mountain and largest city is Superior.
+'''Superior''', officially the '''Republic of Superior''', and less commonly known as the '''Republic of Northern Wisconsin''' or the '''Republic of Ontonagon''', is a self-proclaimed [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secession breakaway state] in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midwestern_United_States midwest region] of North America. It borders the [[Mesabi Republic]] to the northwest, the [[Fort McCoy Military Administration]] and [[East Wisconsin]] to the south, and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Superior Lake Superior] to the north. The southern border of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Peninsula_of_Michigan Upper Peninsula] lie on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Michigan Lake Michigan]. Superior occupies an area of 92,830 km2 (35,841 sq mi) with a population of about 661,000 within. It consists of the counties of Polk, Barron, Rusk, Price, Lincoln, Langlade, Forest, Florence, Oneida, Vilas, Iron, Ashland, Sawyer, Washburn, Burnett, Douglas and Bayfield from the former state of Wisconsin, and the counties of Alger, Baraga, Chippewa, Delta, Dickinson, Gogebic, Houghton, Iron, Keweenaw, Luce, Mackinac, Marquette, Menominee, Ontonagon and Schoolcraft counties in the Upper Peninsula. Its capital is Bayfield and largest city is Superior. Formed sometime after the [[nuclear attack on Washington D.C.]], the Republic of Superior maintains an official alliance with the Mesabi Republic, and has poor relations with the Fort McCoy Military Administration and East Wisconsin, the two other successor states in the former state of Wisconsin. Polk County is the only county of the Republic that borders the [[Greater Twin Cities Municipal Authority]], but the only border crossing remains closed.
-The region was originally a part of the Great Lakes Federation. Simmering nationalist/localist tensions between the northern Wisconsin region and the Great Lakes Federation government in Ohio resulted in the Great Lakes Federation loss of control over most of northern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula. Despite a 1999 ceasefire agreement, the dispute remains unresolved as no formal peace treaty was signed, and the Great Lakes Federation has refused to recognize the Republic of Northern Wisconsin.
-==History==
-===Shattered Union===
-[[File:Shatteredunionnames.png|thumb|left|Former USA Pre-Northern Wisconsin Independence]]
-[[File:Shatteredunionpostwar.png||thumb|left|Former USA Post-Northern Wisconsin Independence]]
-Following a disputed election, and a tie vote, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congress U.S. Congress] installs the most unpopular President in U.S. history, as [[David Jefferson Adams]] becomes the 44th President of the United States. Shortly after the election, increased unrest, rioting, and a growing number of militias have given rise to ever-increasing domestic terrorism. In response, the President invokes the Homeland Security Act, and declares martial law on the West Coast, and other areas of the country. Though highly contested, a Supreme Court ruling sidesteps the electoral process, disqualifying popular Presidential candidates from several states. Public outrage explodes when a sham election leads to incumbent David Adams accepting a second term in office. During the 57th Inauguration Day ceremonies, Washington, D.C. is struck by a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tactical_nuclear_weapon low-yield nuclear weapon], killing David Adams and most of the U.S. Congress. The destruction of Washington, D.C. effectively breaks the chain of succession, sending the nation into chaos. In an emergency vote, NATO deploys peacekeepers to the greater D.C. area, to secure international interests. With separatist sentiment rising, [https://shatteredunion.fandom.com/wiki/California_Commonwealth California]'s governor declares home rule, and secedes from the Union. Texas follows quickly, and declares sovereignty, taking neighboring states with them and forming the [https://shatteredunion.fandom.com/wiki/Republic_of_Texas Republic of Texas]. Following suit, other separatist movements gave rise to [[Cascadia]], the [[Heartland Republic]], [[Great Lakes Federation]], [[Georgia Federation]] and [[New England]].
-===Early Movements===
-The idea of the republic originated from a little known man named [[William Arthur Kennard]]. During the early months of the existence of the Great Lakes Federation (GLF), Kinnard and a small group of locals were upset about the policies and government of the GLF. Kinnard believed the government to be corrupt, the people of northern wisconsin and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Peninsula_of_Michigan Upper Peninsula] under-represented, and that the policies and motives of the GLF did not align with that of the people in northern Wisconsin. Ohio reaped most of the benefits from the actions of the Great Lakes Federation. Most of the wealth was situated in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio Ohio] and the government exploited many fringe states economically and politically. This led to ill-sentiments from many regions in the Great Lakes Federation, with northern Wisconsin, western [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_(state) New York] and southern [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois Illinois] being having the most separatist support. As time went on, GLF policies became increasingly [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authoritarianism authoritarian]. The government in Columbus had taken steps to politically and economically become more centralized. Local decision making became near impossible without the stamp of approval from the Federation government. To make matters worse, the federation government started to appoint its own officials to local government roles to insure the control and cooperation of member states. Amidst growing tensions between the successor states, the Great Lakes Federation had been experiencing trouble maintaining control and implimenting its policies. Locals became increasingly rebellious and refused to abide by Federation laws and mandates. During this time, Kennard had become incrasingly critical and vocal about the state of the Great Lakes Federation and it's policies, and had gained a following in a number of counties in northern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula Michigan. Kennard and his group worked to encourage the locals to defy government policies, and became activists for defiance.
-===NWIF Formation===
-As the Great Lakes Federation continued on its trend, matters continued to deteriorate in fringe regions. Kennard and his group had started to shift from simple defiance, to the preparation and planning of armed resistance and violence against the Federation and it's mechanisms. With hundreds of supporters spread across several counties, Kennard and his group met in the courthouse in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Mountain,_Michigan Iron Mountain, Michigan] to discuss the path of the group. After hours of talks, the group had formed itself into what was called the [[Northern Wisconsin Independence Front]] (NWIF). The newly formed NWIF had the end goal of creating the Republic of Northern Wisconsin, a collection of counties in Upper Peninsula Michgan and northern Wisconsin. Kennard believed that the Great Lakes Federation could not be changed from within and that violence was a necessity, and that the NWIF would launch a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clandestine_cell_system#Models_of_insurgency_and_associated_cell_characteristics mass-oriented insurgency]. The NWIF began acquiring weapons (mostly [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalashnikov_rifle AK] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FN_FAL FAL] rifles) and other equipment such as explosives from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_market black market] sources within the Federation and Canada. Rumours had spread regarding the organization and Kennard eventually became a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Person_of_interest person of interest] to law enforcement agencies. The NWIF had spread to a number of counties, with cells being organized and activelly recruiting. The areas heavily influenced by separatist groups grew larger and became increasingly lawless. In a response to this, the Great Lakes Federation government dispatched [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gendarmerie Internal Troops] to perform policing and peacekeeping duties in problematic areas. In addition, the Federation suspended civil liberties in select counties, and declared that separatist, defiant or rebellious group and/or organizations to be unlawful and illegal. Law enforcement in northern Wisconsin had issued a warrant for the arrest of William Kennard on the basis of being a leading member of a "rebellious group". These actions did not have the desired effect, as it only attacted more individuals to become supportive or collaborative to rebel groups.
-[[File:Kennard.PNG|thumb|left|William Kennard, early 1998 at an unknown location.]]
-===Preliminary Attacks===
-On 8 August 1998, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Militant militants] carried out the bombing of a Federation regional administration center in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau_Claire,_Wisconsin Eau Claire]. The attack led to 31 deaths and 139 injuries. That same day, several newspapers received telephone calls from an anonymous individual, giving a list of demands and warning that attacks will continue. The perpetrators of the bombing were never found nor identified. In response, the Great Lakes Federation suspended civil liberties in select counties and the Federation government enacted anti-terrorism laws.
-On 20 August, a Federation Internal Army patrol was ambushed, leading to the deaths of 12 soldiers, and a number more unjured. This time, the attack was claimed by the NWIF. They announced the same demands as the anonymous individual earlier in the month. With the influx of attacks, the NWIF had also stated that their primary targets were military and political, not civilians. That same day, the Federation government listed the NWIF as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_designated_terrorist_groups terrorist organization].
-On 2 September, two gunmen attempted to assassinate politician James Gale, who was returning from Ohio. James Gale was considered a "Federation puppet" who actively worked to eliminate separatist and rebel organizations, and was quite successful at doing so. At a municipal airport in Appleton, the gunmen disguised themselves as airport personnel and attacked the politician and his security detail upon exiting the plane. Two security officers were killed, and James Gale was wounded. One gunman was killed at the scene, the other managed to escape the airport but was apprehended two days later. As a result of this attack, the Great Lakes Federation enacted harsher martial law in separatist and rebel counties and was actively suppressing civilians in northern Wisconsin.
-===Open Rebellion===
-On October 8th armed separatist activists seized and occupied the federation State Security building in the city of Superior. The activists demanded that separatist leaders who had been arrested previously be released. In anticipation of attempts by the government to retake the building, barricades were erected to reinforce the positions of the activists. By 12 October, the government had regained control over the state security building with the assistance of local police forces.
-[[File:Nwif-fighters.PNG|thumb|upright|NWIF fighters in Superior.]]
-The GLF attempted to deploy [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_army regular government troops] to subdue the militants and separatists.
-Several thousand protesters and NWIF members gathered for a 'people's assembly' outside the regional state administration building in Superior on 21 October. They then warned the Great Lakes Federation government that if it did not meet these demands by 14:00 on 29 October, they would launch an armed insurgency in the name of the Republic of Northern Wisconsin. As the Federation government did not respond to these demands, a series of coordinated attacks were launched where NWIF militias and other militant groups seized government buildings, National Guard armories, police stations, power plants and other critical infrastructure. The coordinated attacks were well planned and likely long in the works by William Kennard. The police officers and Internal Army units that had been guarding the building offered little resistance to the takeover, and some of them defected and supported the militants.
-NWIF movements began to spread across northern Wisconsin towards the end of October. Municipal administration buildings were overrun and the Republic of Northern Wisconsin flag was raised over them. The leadership of the Great Lakes Federation admitted the next day that government forces were unable to stabilise the situation in northern Wisconsin and western New York. On the same day, NWIF members announced the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dickinson_County_Courthouse_and_Jail Dickinson County Courthouse and Jail] as the seat of power for the republic, and that William Kennard had been appointed as provisional President. The various militant and NWIF militia groups were consolidated into the Northern Wisconsin State Defence Force (NWSDF). In a number of counties in northern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula conceded to demands by activists declared their support for the new republic. The Great Lakes Federation suspended all civilian flights to the northern part of the state while Federation Internal Army and National Guard units set up a military blockade of the republic. On 1 December, the Great Lakes Federation leadership issued an ultimatum to all warring factions in northern Wisconsin ordering them to disarm and surrender. When the government in Iron Mountain refused, the Federation government ordered the army to "restore constitutional order" by force.
-===War===
-Federation troops had to fight town by town as NWSDF fighters and groups of armed militia had constructed simple fortifications in an attempt to slow the advance of Federation units. On 11 December, Federation forces launched a four-pronged ground attack north, in an attempt to reach Iron Mountain and other strategic locations. The main attack was temporarily halted by a federation commander, who then resigned in protest, stating that it is "a crime" to "send the army against its own people." Many in the federation military and government opposed the war as well and held a sort of "let them go" mentality. More than 500 professional soldiers and officers refused to take part in the operation; of these, 35 were convicted by military courts and the rest were discharged. The morale of the federation troops, poorly prepared and lacking in experience and training, was low from the beginning. Some units resisted the order to advance. In [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rib_Lake_(town),_Wisconsin Rib Lake], civilian protesters stopped the center column and set 30 military vehicles on fire, while about 100 conscripts deserted their units. Advance of the western column was halted by the unexpected NWSDF resistance around Ridgeland and the federation forces suffered their first serious losses. Deeper in northern Wisconsin, secluded groups of federation Internal Army and National Guard units started to surrender to the local militias.
-The federation government ordered the army to show restraint, but it was neither prepared nor trained for this. Civilian losses quickly mounted, alienating the population and raising the hostility that they showed towards the federation forces, even among those who initially supported the federations' attempts to restore control. Other problems occurred as the federation sent in freshly trained conscripts from neighboring regions rather than regular soldiers mostly concentrated in Ohio. Highly mobile units of NWSDF fighters inflicted severe losses on the ill-prepared and demoralized federation troops. Although the federation military command ordered to only attack designated targets, due to the lack of training and experience of federation forces, they attacked random positions instead, turning into carpet bombing and indiscriminate barrages of rocket artillery, causing enormous casualties among the civilian population. On 29 December, in a rare instance of a federation outright victory, airborne forces seized the city of Iron Mountain and repelled a separatist counter-attack in the Battle of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upson,_Wisconsin Upson]. With the federation closing in on the Dickinson County Courthouse, the separatist government relocated and set up new headquarters in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayfield,_Wisconsin Bayfield].
-Following the relocation of the republic government, the federation slowly but systematically expanded its control over the surrounding counties. In what was dubbed the worst massacre in the war, federation forces killed at least 103 civilians while seizing the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashland,_Wisconsin Ashland] (several hundred more were detained and beaten or otherwise tortured). In the south, the federation launched an offensive along the entire front on 12 March 1999, advancing in large columns of vehicles. According to an estimate cited in a Heartland Republic Army analysis report, between 11 December and 12 March, when the federation forces conquered most of the republic in the conventional campaign, their losses in northern Wisconsin were approximately 4,100 killed, 15,000 wounded and more than 700 missing or captured.
-[[File:Defense.gov News Photo 000109-A-4385T-009.jpg|thumb|left|Great Lakes Federation soldiers occupying Prentice.]]
-As the war continued, separatists resorted to mass-hostage takings, attempting to influence the federation public and leadership. On 29 March, a group of militants took more than 1,500 people hostage in southern Wisconsin in a hospital hostage crisis; about 120 civilians died before a ceasefire was signed. The raid enforced a temporary stop in federation military operations, giving the republic time to regroup during their greatest crisis and to prepare for the national militant campaign. The full-scale federation attack led many civilians in northern Wisconsin to side with separatist forces and thousands of volunteers to swell the ranks of mobile militant units. Many others formed local self-defence militia units to defend their towns in the case of federation offensive action, officially numbering 5,000–6,000 armed men. Altogether, the NWSDF forces fielded some 10,000–12,000 full fighters and 15,000 reserve fighters at a time, according to the NWSDF command. As the territory controlled by them shrank, the separatists increasingly resorted to using classic guerrilla warfare tactics, such as setting booby traps and mining roads in enemy-held territory. The successful use of improvised explosive devices was particularly noteworthy; they also effectively exploited a combination of mines and ambushes.
-By 10 April, Great Lakes Federation commander [[Simon McCalmont]], who was in northern Wisconsin at the time, was critically injured and paralyzed in a bomb blast. Suspicion of responsibility for the attack fell on rogue elements of the federation military, as the attack destroyed hopes for a permanent ceasefire. On 27 April, the federation forces in Rhrinelander opened fire on a massive pro-independence peace march which had involved hundreds of people, killing a number of demonstrators.
-===Aid from the Heartland Republic===
-On 3 May, NWSDF fighters infiltrated Ashland, Superior and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagle_River,_Wisconsin Eagle River] and launched a three-day surprise raid on the cities, overrunning much of it and capturing caches of weapons and ammunition. Also in May, NWSDF fighters attacked [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinelander,_Wisconsin Rhrinelander]. A month later, on 5 June NWSDF forces destroyed a federation armored column in an ambush near [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Park_Falls,_Wisconsin Park Falls], killing at least 76 soldiers; in another one, near [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheldon,_Rusk_County,_Wisconsin Sheldon], at least 28 federation troops were killed. Intelligence reported that the NWSDF had improved weapons and more supplies than in previous offensives, and there was speculation from within the Great Lakes Federation that the NWSDF was being supplied and financed by the rival state the Heartland Republic.
-As military defeats and growing casualties made the war more and more unpopular in the Great Lakes Federation and as the presidential elections neared, the federation government sought a way out of the conflict. Although carrying on a slow and taxing war, the separatists persisted. The federation even officially declared "victory" in July 1998, after a new temporary ceasefire was reached. While the political leaders were discussing the ceasefire and peace negotiations, military forces continued to conduct combat operations. On 16 July, federation army troops were moved south due to what was planned as their final offensive against remaining separatist strongholds, the NWSDF launched counter-offensives in an attempt to stop federationt troops but had failed to mount any significant resistance.
-The planned final offensive against the separatists came to a halt when the Heartland Republic came to an agreement with the government of Northern Wisconsin, pledging military support to the movement should the Great Lakes Federation continue it's offensive. The Great Lakes Federation, fearful of entering a war with the Heartland, stopped the planned offensive just days before it was set to commence. Delgates from Northern Wisconsin, the Heartland Republic and the Great Lakes Federation met for negotiations in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prentice,_Wisconsin Prentice], WI. During eight hours of subsequent talks, the individuals present drafted and signed the [[Prentice Accord]] on 4 August. It included: technical aspects of demilitarization, the withdrawal of both sides' forces from respective territories, the creation of a demilitarization zone, the withdrawal of all federal forces from Northern Wisconsin by October 31, and a stipulation that any agreement on the relations between the Republic of Northern Wisconsin and the federation government need not be signed. The Great Lakes Federation, under external pressure from the Heartland Republic and internal pressure to end the war, agreed to the terms. However, the Great Lakes Federation did not recognize the Republic of Northern Wisconsin, and signed no formal peace treaty other than the withdrawl of military in respective territories. After the signing og the Prentice Accord, William Kennard and the republic government returned to Iron Mountain. As provisional President, Kennard ordered general demobilization of the State Defence Force.
 ==Geography==
-The region that the Republic of Northern Wisconsin encompasses is known as the Northern Highland and was once a mountain range similar to the Alps or Rocky Mountains of today. Over hundreds of millions of years, these mountains were worn and flattened out by erosion and glaciation. The region is mostly a smooth plain, but it remains higher than the rest of the state and some hilly regions continue to exist. Located near the center of the region, Timms Hill in Price County is the highest point in Wisconsin, at an elevation of 1,951 feet (595 m) feet above sea level, where the highest point in the whole republic is Mount Arvon, elevation 1,979 feet (603 m) located in the Upper Peninsula. Other hills such as Rib Mountain also approach this elevation.
+The region that the Republic of Superior encompasses is known as the Northern Highland and was once a mountain range similar to the Alps or Rocky Mountains of today. Over hundreds of millions of years, these mountains were worn and flattened out by erosion and glaciation. The region is mostly a smooth plain, but it remains higher than the rest of the state and some hilly regions continue to exist. Located near the center of the region, Timms Hill in Price County is the highest point in Wisconsin, at an elevation of 1,951 feet (595 m) feet above sea level, where the highest point in the whole republic is Mount Arvon, elevation 1,979 feet (603 m) located in the Upper Peninsula. Other hills such as Rib Mountain also approach this elevation.
 [[File:Headwaters Wilderness.jpg|thumb|right|Nicolet National Forest, the Pine River.]]
 Whether hilly or flat, most of the republic is covered in woodlands. The most common trees of Northern Wisconsin are the Sugar Maple, Aspen, Basswood, Hemlock, and Yellow Birch, as well as Red and White Pine. A large amount of the forestland in the region is included within the 1,519,800-acre (6,150 km2) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chequamegon%E2%80%93Nicolet_National_Forest Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest]. State and county forests also cover a significant part of the region, and only a small portion of the land is devoted to agriculture.
@@ Line 120: / Line 69: @@
 The Upper Peninsula contains 16,377 square miles (42,420 km2). The maximum east–west distance in the Upper Peninsula is about 320 miles (510 km), and the maximum north–south distance is about 125 miles (201 km). It is bounded on the north by Lake Superior, on the east by St. Marys River, on the south by Lake Michigan and Lake Huron, and on the west by Wisconsin. It has about 1,700 miles (2,700 km) of continuous shoreline with the Great Lakes. There are about 4,300 inland lakes, the largest of which is [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Gogebic Lake Gogebic], and 12,000 miles (19,000 km) of streams.
 ===Wildlife===
-The wildlife of Northern Wisconsin includes whitetail deer, timber wolves, elk, moose, and bear. The Upper Peninsula contains a larger variety of wildlife. Some of the mammals found in the UP include shrews, moles, mice, white-tailed deer, moose, black bears, cougar, gray and red foxes, wolves, river otters, martens, fishers, muskrats, bobcats, coyotes, snowshoe hares, cotton-tail rabbits, porcupines, chipmunks, squirrels, raccoons, opossum and bats. There is a large variety of birds, including hawks, osprey, owls, gulls, hummingbirds, chickadees, robins, cardinals (the national bird), woodpeckers, warblers, and bald eagles. In terms of reptiles and amphibians, the UP has common garter snakes, red bellied snakes, pine snakes, northern water snakes, brown snakes, eastern garter snakes, eastern fox snakes, eastern ribbon back snakes, green snakes, northern ringneck snakes, eastern milk snakes (Mackinac and Marquette counties) and eastern hognose snakes (Menominee County only), plus snapping turtles, wood turtles, and painted turtles, green frogs, bullfrogs, northern leopard frogs, and salamanders. Lakes and rivers contain many fish such as walleye, muskie, northern pike, trout, salmon, bullhead catfish, and bass. Invasive species like the alewife and sea lamprey can be found in the Great Lakes. The UP also contains many shellfish, such as clams, aquatic snails, and crayfish. The American Bird Conservancy and the National Audubon Society have designated several locations as internationally Important Bird Areas.
+The wildlife of Superior includes whitetail deer, timber wolves, elk, moose, and bear. The Upper Peninsula contains a larger variety of wildlife. Some of the mammals found in the UP include shrews, moles, mice, white-tailed deer, moose, black bears, cougar, gray and red foxes, wolves, river otters, martens, fishers, muskrats, bobcats, coyotes, snowshoe hares, cotton-tail rabbits, porcupines, chipmunks, squirrels, raccoons, opossum and bats. There is a large variety of birds, including hawks, osprey, owls, gulls, hummingbirds, chickadees, robins, cardinals (the national bird), woodpeckers, warblers, and bald eagles. In terms of reptiles and amphibians, the UP has common garter snakes, red bellied snakes, pine snakes, northern water snakes, brown snakes, eastern garter snakes, eastern fox snakes, eastern ribbon back snakes, green snakes, northern ringneck snakes, eastern milk snakes (Mackinac and Marquette counties) and eastern hognose snakes (Menominee County only), plus snapping turtles, wood turtles, and painted turtles, green frogs, bullfrogs, northern leopard frogs, and salamanders. Lakes and rivers contain many fish such as walleye, muskie, northern pike, trout, salmon, bullhead catfish, and bass. Invasive species like the alewife and sea lamprey can be found in the Great Lakes. The UP also contains many shellfish, such as clams, aquatic snails, and crayfish. The American Bird Conservancy and the National Audubon Society have designated several locations as internationally Important Bird Areas.
 ==Politics==
-[[File:2009-0619-IronMountain-Courthouse.jpg|thumb|left|Dickinson County Courthouse and Jail, the center of government for Northern Wisconsin.]]
+{{Main|Politics of Superior}}
-Northern Wisconsin is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_system presidential republic]. The president is directly elected for a maximum of two consecutive 4-year terms. The current President is William Kennard, and Deputy-President is Edwin Mills
+[[File:Bayfield County WI Courthouse.JPG|thumb|left|Bayfield County Courthouse, the seat of government for Superior.]]
+Superior is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_system presidential republic]. The president is directly elected for a maximum of two consecutive 4-year terms. The current President is [[Edwin Mills]], and Deputy-President is [[Arthur Jackson]]. The government of Superior  passed through a non-representative phase from 1999 to 2001; a semi-legislative second phase, which included the election of the legislature (the State Council (2001-2010); and a final period, when the government was transitioned to a representative system, where the legislature and president are elected by the people (2010-present).
+Under the non-representative phase, the president with congressional approval, appointed members to the State Council. Local inhabitants did not elect these officials. During the second, or semi-legislative phase of government, the adults at least 18 years of age elected representatives to the legislature. In the semi-legislative phase of government, State Council could legislate for the republic, but the president retained absolute veto power.
+[[File:Vyarmansk leader 2.jpg|thumb|right|Incumbent President Edwin Mills]]
+===Judicial Court===
+In the beginning of the republic, no provision was made for a popularly-elected government in the non-representative phase (1999-2001). Instead of separate legislative and judicial branches of the  government, had the authority to appoint a General Court consisting of three judges. The judges were initially appointed by the president, who later delegated this authority to the State Council.
+Acting as the combined judicial and legislative government, the president and the three judges adopted the laws to govern the republic. In addition to working with the president on legislative issues, the  judges presided over the General Court. When the republic entered the second or semi-legislative phase of government in 2001, the legislature gradually became the dominant branch and the judges focused on judicial matters. In 2009, as the republic progressed toward the final phase of government, three circuit courts were established.
+===Legislature===
+{{Main|List of political parties in Superior}}
+When the republic entered its second or semi-legislative phase of government in 2001, inhabitants were allowed to elect representatives to the unicameral legislature, the State Council.
+After the formation of the new legislative body, each county in the republic was granted the right to elect representatives to the State Council. The president retained his veto powers, as well as his general executive and appointive authority, while the legislative assembly had the authority to pass laws, subject to the president's approval before they could be enacted. The change in governance also removed the judges' legislative powers, leaving the courts with only its judicial authority. The State Council originally had 32 members but was raised to 64 in 2009.
+===List of Presidents===
+* 1999-2007: [[Wayne Kolpak]] (Independent)
+* 2007-2011: [[Harry Ross]] (National Party)
+* 2011-2015: [[Kelvin Stanley]] (Labor–Farm Party)
+* 2015-present: [[Edwin Mills]] (National Party)
-The State Council is the unicameral legislature. It has 64 members (2 from each county) who are elected for 2-year terms. Elections take place within a multi-party system and the political landscape is always shifting due to a variety of political parties.
 ==Military==
-The military of Northern Wisconsin is a collection of militia units from each county (32 units) which are organized into the [[Northern Wisconsin State Defence Force (NWSDF)]]. Officially, NWSDF consists only of volunteer units. In practice, the President can issue a decree allowing the NWSDF to conscript able bodied individuals in times of national emergency. President William Kinnard had created a legal framework for these local militia companies to organize, drill, and serve as a home guard units capable of handling state emergencies. Each district has one District Commander, who is in charge of recruiting, organizing, training and leading the District Militias. All district militia commanders are subordinate to the NWSDF Command. In times of war, all 32 district militia units and their respective commanders are assembled and placed under direct control of the NWSDF.  Reports estimate that around 6,000 to 7,000 individuals are active servicemen, with a reserve force of 13,000 to 15,000. Most servicemen are stationed at strategic locations in Northern Wisconsin including (but not limited to) power plants, airports, harbors, police stations, courts, former [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin_Army_National_Guard Wisconsin National Guard] armories, municipal buildings and newspaper and radio stations. The [[Northern Wisconsin Naval Militia]] has around 500 volunteers and primarily conducts patrols of the various waterways and coastal areas of the republic. They are responsible for the security of maritime borders and prevention of piracy. The [[Northern Wisconsin Air Patrol]] handles the management and security of airfields in the republic, and consists of mostly civilian aircraft with limited combat abilities.
+{{Main|Military of Superior}}
+The military of Superior is a collection of militia units from each county (32 units) which are organized into the [[Superior National Defence Force (SNDF)]]. Officially, SNDF consists only of volunteer units. In practice, the President can issue a decree allowing the SNDF to conscript able bodied individuals in times of national emergency. President Wayne Kolpak had created a legal framework for these local militia companies to organize, drill, and serve as a home guard units capable of handling state emergencies. Each district has one District Commander, who is in charge of recruiting, organizing, training and leading the District Militias. All district militia commanders are subordinate to the SSDF Command. In times of war, all 32 district militia units and their respective commanders are assembled and placed under direct control of the SNDF. Reports estimate that around 6,000 to 7,000 individuals are active servicemen, with a reserve force of 13,000 to 15,000. Women are not allowed to be in active service and are restricted to support roles. Most servicemen are stationed at strategic locations across the republic including (but not limited to) power plants, airports, harbors, police stations, courts, former [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin_Army_National_Guard Wisconsin National Guard] armories, municipal buildings and radio stations. The [[Superior Naval Militia]] has around 1500 enlisted and volunteers and primarily conducts patrols of the various waterways and coastal areas of the republic. They are responsible for the security of maritime borders and prevention of piracy or smuggling. The [[Superior Air Patrol]] handles the management and security of airfields in the republic, and consists of mostly civilian aircraft with limited combat abilities.
 ==Economy==
-[[File:Northernwi50cents.jpg|thumb|left|Northern Wisconsin 50 cent note.]]
+{{Main|Economy of Superior}}
-Northern Wisconsin is rich in mineral deposits, including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taconite iron], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper copper], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel nickel], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver silver]. Northern Wisconsin's economy is primarily focused on mining, forestry and agricultural activities. Cattle industries are also maintained. A number of industrial facilities exist, particularly around the higher population areas such as Superior and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marquette,_Michigan Marquette]. Following the war in the 1998-99, Northern Wisconsin struggled economically. The estimated per capita income is $31,995 USD.
+[[File:Superior3dollars.PNG|thumb|left|Three dollar note.]]
+The Republic of Superior is rich in mineral deposits, including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taconite iron], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper copper], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel nickel], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver silver]. Superior's economy is primarily focused on mining, forestry and agricultural activities. Cattle industries are also maintained. A number of industrial facilities exist, particularly around the higher population areas such as Superior and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marquette,_Michigan Marquette]. Following the war in the 1998-99, Superior has struggled economically. Even the most developed parts of the country are largely rural, and the little industry the country has was largely damaged or destroyed. During the outbreak of the war, many large multi-national companies abandonded the area, leading to a shortage of internet providers, healthcare, electricity and common consumer goods. Electric distribution became controlled by the government subsidiary called the Northern Wisconsin Public Energy Service, which regulated electric and gas utility and managed the operations of power plants. Consumer goods had to be imported or produced domestically, which were then distributed to local grocery and hardware stores. Large multi-national corporations such as Wal-Mart, Menards or BP no longer exist in the state, and their buildings have been demolished or repurposed into local variants. Large food processing plants owned by foreign companies were nationalized in order to ensure a steady supply of domestically produced food.
-The majority of the population works domestically at mines, farms or light industrial complexes. Although allowed to cross the border into the [[Heartland Republic]], citizens in Northern Wisconsin are not able to work abroad, and have since been forced to find jobs locally. The Northern Wisconsin authorities planned to improve finances by boosting the local production of food items and thus reducing the need for such imports from the Heartland Republic. For this purpose, the area planted with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheat wheat], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maize corn], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bean beans] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potato potatoes] was increased tenfold in 2003. The [[Northern Wisconsin Department of Agriculture]] also imported some tractors from the Heartland Republic.
+Although allowed to cross the border into the [[Mesabi Republic]], citizens in Superior are not able to work abroad, and have since had to find jobs locally in mines, farms or small factories. White collar jobs made up a small portion of the work force and many workers are skilled tradesmen or unskilled laborers. Common jobs include farm-hands, miners, construction workers, factory laborers and stevedores. Republic authorities created state-run farms run by the CCC alongside private farms to employ workers and boost local production of food items and thus reducing the need for such imports. For this purpose, the area planted with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheat wheat], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maize corn], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bean beans] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potato potatoes]. The [[Superior Department of Agriculture]] also imports some tractors from Jackson in the [[Red River Incorporated Cities]], as no tractors are made domestically. However, one factory (the Phillips Tractor Factory) is currently under construction to produce tractors, bulldozers, and other agricultural equipment.
 [[File:WhiteRapidsHydroelectricDamMenomineeRiver.jpg|thumb|right|White Rapids Power Plant, a 7MW hydroelectric dam.]]
-To aid with the rebuilding of the republic after the war, the [[Northern Wisconsin Department of Labor]] created its own Civilian Conservation Corps as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unemployment work relief program]. It provided manual labor jobs related to the development of natural resources in rural lands owned by national and local governments, the rebuilding of residential and industrial areas affected by the war, and the reconstruction of road and rail infrastructure. The CCC is designed to supply jobs for young men and to relieve families who had difficulty finding jobs during recovery from the war. TThe CCC provides workers with shelter, clothing, and food, together with a monthly wage. The Department of Labor, working with the still young [[Northern Wisconsin Department of Corrections]] implimented prison labor, and set able-bodied eligible prisoners to work on hard labor jobs.
+To aid with the rebuilding of the republic after the war, the [[Superior Department of Labor]] created its own Civilian Conservation Corps as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unemployment work relief program]. It provided manual labor jobs related to the exploitation and development of natural resources in rural lands owned by national and local governments, the rebuilding of residential and industrial areas affected by the war, and the reconstruction of road and rail infrastructure. The CCC is designed to supply jobs for young men and to relieve families who had difficulty finding jobs during recovery from the war. TThe CCC provides workers with shelter, clothing, and food, together with a monthly wage. The CCC holds the authority to relocate workers wherever needed around the republic, giving valuable manpower to places like mines and factories. The Department of Labor, working with the still young [[Superior Department of Corrections]] implimented prison labor, and set able-bodied eligible prisoners to work on hard labor jobs.
 ===Mining===
-Northern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula are home to a number of derelict mines that had become unprofitable in the early to mid 1900s. The [[Department of Mining Industry]] was quick to survey and re-open mines in order to create revenue from exports to the Heartland Republic. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flambeau_Mine Flambeau Mine], a major producer of copper, gold and silver was expanded and more workers were relocated to the area. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quincy_Mine Quincy Mine] near Hancock, UP was reopened for full scale operation for the first time since 1945. This also included the repair and re-opening of the Quincy Mining Company Stamp Mills, the Quincy Dredge Number Two, and the Quincy Smeltery. A workforce was also relocated to the area to staff the operation. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliffs_Shaft_Mine_Museum Cliffs Shaft Mine], formerly a museum, was refitted and re-opened for the first time since 1967, continuing undergrounds iron mining in the area.
+Northern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula are home to a number of derelict mines that had become unprofitable in the early to mid 1900s. The [[Superior Department of Mining]] was quick to survey and re-open mines in order to create revenue from exports. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flambeau_Mine Flambeau Mine], a major producer of copper, gold and silver was expanded and more workers were relocated to the area. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quincy_Mine Quincy Mine] near Hancock, UP was reopened for full scale operation for the first time since 1945. This also included the repair and re-opening of the Quincy Mining Company Stamp Mills, the Quincy Dredge Number Two, and the Quincy Smeltery. A workforce was also relocated to the area to staff the operation. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliffs_Shaft_Mine_Museum Cliffs Shaft Mine], formerly a museum, was refitted and re-opened for the first time since 1967, continuing underground iron mining in the area. The CCC has moved thousands of workers to these mines to avoid staffing issues. While lagging well behind modern standards for saftey and productivity, the mining industry creates valuable exports of raw minerals and provides jobs to many. Silica sand mining business has more than doubled since the war ended because of the need for this particular type of sand, which is used in a process known as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_fracturing hydraulic fracturing]. Superior produces 60% of all silica used in the former United States. Facing an industrial mining boom, being dubbed the "sand rush" because of the new demand from large oil companies for silica sand, Superior ships frac sand by rail to places like the Dakotas by rail, and Pennsylvania by bulk cargo ship.
 ===Forestry===
-The forest products industry is the number one employer in Florence, Iron, Lincoln, Price, Rusk, and Sawyer counties. In Langlade county alone, lumber generates 422 jobs, 495 indirect jobs and an economic impact of close to $65 million annually.
+The forest products industry is the number one employer in Florence, Iron, Lincoln, Price, Rusk, and Sawyer counties. In Langlade county alone, lumber generates 422 jobs, 495 indirect jobs and an economic impact of close to $65 million annually. Forestry equipment had proved to be expensive and difficult to acquire, so the industry is also behind on modern standards. MacDonald & Owen Lumber Company (Luck, Polk County) is a major producer of hardwood lumber.
 ===Agriculture===
-The climate and topography of Northern Wisconsin is favorable to both arable crops and livestock grazing. The nation has a short growing season, but lacks much of the natural disasters that threaten crops. In the Upper Peninsula, agriculture is limited, though potatoes, strawberries and a few other small fruits are grown. In the southern part of the nation, production of corn for silage and snap beans for processing make up a large portion of farming operations. Oats, potatoes, carrots, and sweet corn for processing are also common. Northern Wisconsin is a major exporter of Maple syrup, due to the abundance of maple trees.
+The climate and topography of Northern Wisconsin is favorable to both arable crops and livestock grazing. The nation has a short growing season, but lacks much of the natural disasters that threaten crops. In the Upper Peninsula, agriculture is limited, though potatoes, strawberries and a few other small fruits are grown. In the southern part of the nation, production of corn for silage and snap beans for processing make up a large portion of farming operations. Oats, potatoes, carrots, and sweet corn for processing are also common. Superior is a major exporter of Maple syrup, due to the abundance of maple trees. State-run farms managed by the CCC provide thousands of jobs all over Northern Wisconsin, and are crucial for the production of foodstuffs. Private farms are still common, but the state encourages farmers to hire local workers. F&A Dairy, a major dairy products producer located in Dresser (Polk County), produces $170 million of revenue for Superior.
 ===Electricity===
-As the war ended, the government took control of many [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_infrastructure critical industries], one of such is energy. The newly created [[Department of Electric Power Industry]] re-opened several old or outdated power stations and hooked them into the national power grid, including two coal-fired plants. Northern Wisconsin generates a total of 621 MW of electricity domestically, with hydroelectric dams providing 38% of all electricity generated at 241 MW. While only having two generating stations, natural gas makes up for 29% at 183 MW. The republic hosts three coal-fired power plants, two of which (Shiras Station and Escanaba Generating Station) were re-opened shortly after the war due to rising energy shortages. Coal makes up for 22% at 141 MW. Biomass, refuse and solar come in last, with an estimated 55 MW being generated. The largest hydroelectric dam is the Edison Sault Power Plant in Sault Ste. Marie on the St. Marys River, generating 27MW. The second largest is St Croix Falls Hydro in Polk County on the Saint Croix River, generating 23.2MW. The Department of Electric Power Industry is in the works of planning and developing a 67 megawatt [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_water_reactor boiling water nuclear reactor (BWR)] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayfield,_Wisconsin Bayfield] similar to that of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Rock_Point_Nuclear_Power_Plant Big Rock Point Nuclear Power Plant] with the assistance of engineers from the Heartland Republic.
+As the war ended, the government took control of many [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_infrastructure critical industries], one of such is energy. The newly created [[Department of Electric Power]] re-opened several old or outdated power stations and connected them to the national power grid, including two coal-fired plants. This process took time, as many old power stations rely on old technology or equipment so it's not uncommon to see old power plants in modern operation. Superior generates a total of 621 MW of electricity domestically, with hydroelectric dams providing 38% of all electricity generated at 241 MW. Old or smaller hydroelectric stations are in the process of being modernized or expanded to produce as much power as possible as often as possible. While only having two generating stations, natural gas makes up for 29% at 183 MW. Since natural gas must be constantly imported, the state has planned no new natural gas power plants. The republic hosts three coal-fired power plants, two of which (Shiras Station and Escanaba Generating Station) were previously decomissioned but re-opened shortly after the end of the war due to rising energy shortages. Coal must also be imported, so the Department of Electric Power Industry only maintains the plants until alternatives can be found. Coal makes up for 22% at 141 MW. Biomass, refuse and solar come in last, with an estimated 55 MW being generated. The largest hydroelectric dam is the Edison Sault Power Plant in Sault Ste. Marie on the St. Marys River, generating 27 MW. The second largest is Saint Croix Falls Hydro in Polk County on the Saint Croix River, generating 23.2 MW. The Department of Electric Power has started construction of a 67 megawatt [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_water_reactor boiling water nuclear reactor (BWR)] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayfield,_Wisconsin Bayfield] similar to that of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Rock_Point_Nuclear_Power_Plant Big Rock Point Nuclear Power Plant]. If successful, the department will issue the construction of several more along coastlines in an attempt to replace natural gas and coal power stations.
+Since the war, Superior and its economy has been critically dependent on its agricultural and lumber exports as the mining industry continues to develop. The estimated per capita income is $31,995 RSD.
+[[File:SOO 4413.jpg|thumb|left|Former SOO locomotive operating for Laona and Northern Railway.]]
-Since the war Northern Wisconsin and its economy has been critically dependent on the Heartland Republic economic assistance.
-[[File:WC 7510 leads a short manifest train westbound across Michigan's Upper Peninsula.jpg|thumb|left|A trio of Wisconsin Central EMD SD45s on the Michigan's Upper Peninsula.]]
 ==Transportation==
-Large scale projects to revive the rail industry have been in progress since the end of the war. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin_Northern_Railroad Wisconsin Northern Railroad], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin_Central_Ltd. Wisconsin Central Ltd.] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escanaba_and_Lake_Superior_Railroad Escanaba and Lake Superior Railroad] were all nationalized after the war and released as government subsidiaries. The rail service sector has a majority of its activities come from mining (iron, copper and frac sand), forestry (wood, pulp and paper) and agricultural products. The rail service sector has become more profitable since the formation of the republic, as the trucking industry was struggling to import trucks, spare parts and fuel to continue mass road transport. The government has been funding and encouraging the use and construction of railways for passenger and cargo transportation. The rail service employs the use of EMD GP15-1, EMD SD38-2, EMD SD40M-2 and EMD SD40M-2 locomotives, and is in the process of opening a manufacturing center for the construction and development of new locomotives and parts.
+Large scale projects to revive the rail industry have been in progress since the end of the war. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin_Northern_Railroad Wisconsin Northern Railroad], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laona_and_Northern_Railway Laona and Northern Railway] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escanaba_and_Lake_Superior_Railroad Escanaba and Lake Superior Railroad] were all nationalized after the war, and only the Wisconsin Northern Railroad remains a government subsidiary. Other smaller railroads include the [[Bayfield Western Railroad]] and the [[Tomahawk and Eastern Railway]]. The [[Indianhead Central Railroad]] is currently the newest rail company funded by the government of Superior and investors from other nearby nations. Its trackage follow the old [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gandy_Dancer_State_Trail Gandy Dancer Trail] from Dresser Junction to Superior, with intermittent branch lines. The rail service sector has a majority of its activities come from mining (iron, copper and frac sand), forestry (wood, pulp and paper) and agricultural products. The rail service sector has become more profitable since the formation of the republic, as the trucking industry was struggling to import trucks, spare parts and fuel to continue mass road transport. The government has been funding and encouraging the use and construction of railways for passenger and cargo transportation. The rail service employs the use of EMD GP15-1, EMD SD38-2, EMD SD40M-2 and EMD SD40M-2 locomotives, and is in the process of opening a manufacturing center for the construction and development of new locomotives and parts.
+The trucking industry declined sharpy after the war. The importation of motor vehicles, especially heavy duty vehicles and tractor-trailers became near impossible. Fuel prices for gasoline and diesel spiked and road transport became very unprofitable and unreliable. Spare parts for vehicles became difficult to acquire. More companies turned to the rail service sector to transport and export their goods, most of which to the [[Mesabi Republic]], continue west to [[Great Dakota]] or through the great lakes to nations to the east and Canada.
+Maritime Transport remained strong even after the end of the war. Transportation by water plays a vital role in the transport of bulk commodities such as agricultural products, taconite, and forestry products, as well as foreign imports and heavy machinery. Ports in the republic provide an important transportation alternative that other nations in the former United States simply cannot offer to their manufacturers, shippers, and suppliers. Superior's harbors and ports serve as important hubs of economic activity for manufacturing, shipbuilding, cargo handling, passenger ferry services, transportation logistics, commercial fishing, and as recreational centers. Each year, Superior's ports handle some 29 million tons of cargo worth an estimated value of over $5 billion. Nations without water access will sometimes ship goods by rail to the Republic and export goods via ports.
+== Culture ==
+=== Sports ===
+The [[Indianhead Junior Hockey League]] is the single most popular sport in Superior. The league was created by the government and local hockey associations to boost tourism in rural areas. Every year, thousands of attendees from Superior, Mesabi Republic, Red River and parts of Canada all come to spectate the IJHL. There had been proposals to combine the hockey associations of the Mesabi Republic and the IJHL, but have since been disregarded for political reasons.
-The trucking industry declined sharpy after the war. The importation of motor vehicles, especially heavy duty vehicles and tractor-trailers became near impossible. Fuel prices for gasoline and diesel spiked and road transport became very unprofitable and unreliable. Spare parts for vehicles became difficult to acquire. More companies turned to the rail service sector to transport and export their goods, of which almost all were exported to the Heartland Republic.
+List of IJHL Teams:
+* West Marshland Lions
+* Swiss Township Wolves
+* St. Joseph Bloodhounds
+* River Valley Eagles
+* Thornapple Buccaneers
+* North Valley Northmen
+* Maple Plain Knights
+* Indian Creek Chieftains
+* Hillsdale Warriors
+* East Farmington Trojans
+* Dairyland Antlers
+* Alden Township Bearcats
+* Almelund Mustangs
-Maritime Transport remained strong even after the end of the war. Transportation by water plays a vital role in the transport of bulk commodities such as agricultural products, taconite, and forestry products, as well as foreign imports and heavy machinery. Northern Wisconsin ports provide an important transportation alternative that other nations in the former United States simply cannot offer to their manufacturers, shippers, and suppliers. Northern Wisconsin's harbors and ports serve as important hubs of economic activity for manufacturing, shipbuilding, cargo handling, passenger ferry services, transportation logistics, commercial fishing, and as recreational centers. Each year, Northern Wisconsin's ports handle some 29 million tons of cargo worth an estimated value of over $5 billion. Many companies located in the Heartland Republic will ship goods by rail to Northern Wisconsin, and export goods via ports there due to cheaper rates. Northern Wisconsin was forced to lower the price for maritime transport in order to attract business. This has come with some disdain from the Heartland Republic government, but due to fragile relations it has been mostly overlooked.
+Last season, the St. Joseph Bloodhounds secured their first IJHL championship, defeating the Almelund Mustangs 5-3. In third place came the Maple Plain Knights.
-==Demographics==
+[[Category: Countries]]
-==Culture==

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