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= | =1997 Tepēilhuitl Crisis (Pulacan)= | ||
{{Infobox military conflict | |||
{{Infobox | | conflict = Tepēilhuitl Crisis of 1997 | ||
| | | width = 250px | ||
| image | | partof = the [[Lost Decade (Pulacan)|Pulatec lost decade]] | ||
| image_size | | image = Coup-d'etat-2-web-cnni.jpg | ||
| | | image_size = 200px | ||
| | | caption = Tanks loyal to the coup plotters stationed along the A1 highway into Aachanecalco. | ||
| | | date = 16 April–2 May 1997<br>(18 {{wp|teōtlehco|''teōtlehco''}}—14 {{wp|tepēilhuitl|''tepēilhuitl''}}, 1253 {{wp|Xiuhpōhualli|XP}}) | ||
| | | place = Pulacan, primarily [[Aachanecalco]], [[Mabesekwa]] and Mohembo | ||
| | | result = Coup failed, democratic rule consolidated | ||
| | * Pantla Papalotl resigns as General Secretary | ||
| | * Dozens of members of the Pulatec Security Forces imprisoned | ||
| | * T.B. Tshola and co-conspirator C.A. Aztatzontzin die in custody | ||
| | * Eventual resignation of President Capanilli Tezozomoctli | ||
| | * Pulatec general election of June 1997 | ||
| | | combatant1 = {{flagicon|Pulacan}} [[Pulacan|Presidential branch]] | ||
* [[File:Aztec_solar_disc.svg|20px]] [[Security Forces (Pulacan)|Security Forces]] | |||
** [[National Gendarmerie (Pulacan)|National Guard]]<br><small>(all units except those<br>loyal to Tshola)</small> | |||
* [[File:yocoxcaquizque.png|20px]] [[Pulacan#Government and politics|''Yocoxcaquizque Pulacan'']] | |||
* [[File:Station_yellow.svg|20px]] [[List of political parties in Pulacan|Popular Alliance for the Republic]] | |||
| combatant2 = {{flagicon|Pulacan}} Special Procuratory Committee | |||
* [[National Guard (Pulacan)|National Guard]]<br><small>(units loyal to Tshola)</small> | |||
| combatant3 = {{flagicon|Pulacan}} Parliamentary opposition | |||
* [[File:CoAPulacan.png|20px]] [[Pulacan#Supreme Colloquy|Supreme Colloquy]] | |||
** [[Pulacan#Government and politics|Office of the General Secretary]] | |||
* {{nowrap|[[File:Sun_red_icon.svg|20px]] [[List of political parties in Pulacan|Juwa Party]]}} | |||
* [[File:Gear-icon-blue-transparent-background.png|20px]] [[List of political parties in Pulacan|Nguzo Party]] | |||
'''Supported by:''' | |||
* [[File:AMOS_Flag.png|20px]] [[Association of Ozeros Nations|AON]] | |||
| commander1 = {{plainlist| | |||
* {{flagicon|Pulacan}} Capanilli Tezozomoctli | |||
}} | }} | ||
| commander2 = {{plainlist| | |||
* {{flagicon|Pulacan}} T.B. Tshola{{KIA}} | |||
* {{flagicon|Pulacan}} C.A. Aztatzontzin{{KIA}} | |||
}} | |||
| commander3 = {{plainlist| | |||
* [[File:Gear-icon-blue-transparent-background.png|20px]] Pantla Papalotl <br><small>(after 20 April)</small> | |||
}} | |||
| strength1 = All of the [[Uniformed services of Pulacan|Pulatec uniformed services]] except for the rebels | |||
| strength2 = 1,200 men<br>Dozens of military vehicles | |||
| strength3 = N/A | |||
| casualties4 = 2 coup conspirators, 3 protestors | |||
}} | |||
The '''Tepēilhuitl Crisis''' of 1997 was a month-long period of social and political unrest in [[Pulacan]]. Provoked by conflict between the executive and legislative branches of the Pulatec federal government, the crisis culminated in an attempted {{Wp|coup d'etat}} against Tezozomoctli by elements of the [[National Guard (Pulacan)|National Guard]] led by Colonel Thabo Banika (T.B.) Tshola. The Crisis is considered to be the most serious challenge to constitutional rule of law in Pulacan since the [[Hanaki War|Great Kayatman War]] (1927-1931). | |||
== Background == | |||
{{Main|Lost Decade (Pulacan)}}By 1997, Pulacan had spent 5 years enduring its worst economic recession since the end of the [[Hanaki War|Great Kayatman War]]. The steel market collapse that induced the recession was exacerbated by the compounded mistakes of multiple administrations. The bombshell exposure of chronic mismanagement by the Secretariat of Finance in early 1993 had resulted in then-General Secretary Motlasi T. Chabaya committing a fatal act of {{Wp|defenestration|autodefenestration}} from the Republican Palace in Mabesekwa, the seat of the [[Pulacan#Supreme Colloquy|Supreme Colloquy]]. Thus, voters went to the polls in October of 1993 in an atmosphere of shock, institutional mistrust, and economic frustration. Elected to replace Chabaya was Pantla Papalotl of the Nguzo Party. The position of President, however, remained in the hands of Capanilli Tezozomoctli, a lifelong member of the Popular Alliance for the Republic (PAR). | |||
== Political flashpoint == | |||
== Coup attempt of 12 ''tepēilhuitl'' == | |||
The actions taken by President Tezozomoctli to pressure Papalotl into stepping down were widely considered unconstitutional, with opposition from across the political spectrum. Thabo Banika Tshola (T.B. Tshola), a colonel in the Pulatec National Guard stationed in the northern outskirts of Aachanecalco, felt motivated | |||
=== Aftermath === | |||
Following the end of the coup attempt, | |||
Capanilli Tezozomoctli waited until 7 May (known as the ''seeding of quecholli'') to resign the Presidency. | |||
Latest revision as of 23:31, 4 January 2025
1997 Tepēilhuitl Crisis (Pulacan)
| Tepēilhuitl Crisis of 1997 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Pulatec lost decade | ||||||||
 Tanks loyal to the coup plotters stationed along the A1 highway into Aachanecalco. | ||||||||
| ||||||||
| Belligerents | ||||||||
|
|
Supported by: | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | ||||||||
|
| |||||||
| Strength | ||||||||
| All of the Pulatec uniformed services except for the rebels |
1,200 men Dozens of military vehicles | N/A | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | ||||||||
| 2 coup conspirators, 3 protestors | ||||||||
The Tepēilhuitl Crisis of 1997 was a month-long period of social and political unrest in Pulacan. Provoked by conflict between the executive and legislative branches of the Pulatec federal government, the crisis culminated in an attempted coup d'etat against Tezozomoctli by elements of the National Guard led by Colonel Thabo Banika (T.B.) Tshola. The Crisis is considered to be the most serious challenge to constitutional rule of law in Pulacan since the Great Kayatman War (1927-1931).
Background
By 1997, Pulacan had spent 5 years enduring its worst economic recession since the end of the Great Kayatman War. The steel market collapse that induced the recession was exacerbated by the compounded mistakes of multiple administrations. The bombshell exposure of chronic mismanagement by the Secretariat of Finance in early 1993 had resulted in then-General Secretary Motlasi T. Chabaya committing a fatal act of autodefenestration from the Republican Palace in Mabesekwa, the seat of the Supreme Colloquy. Thus, voters went to the polls in October of 1993 in an atmosphere of shock, institutional mistrust, and economic frustration. Elected to replace Chabaya was Pantla Papalotl of the Nguzo Party. The position of President, however, remained in the hands of Capanilli Tezozomoctli, a lifelong member of the Popular Alliance for the Republic (PAR).
Political flashpoint
Coup attempt of 12 tepēilhuitl
The actions taken by President Tezozomoctli to pressure Papalotl into stepping down were widely considered unconstitutional, with opposition from across the political spectrum. Thabo Banika Tshola (T.B. Tshola), a colonel in the Pulatec National Guard stationed in the northern outskirts of Aachanecalco, felt motivated
Aftermath
Following the end of the coup attempt,
Capanilli Tezozomoctli waited until 7 May (known as the seeding of quecholli) to resign the Presidency.