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'''Rozengrian''' is a severely endangered [[West Germanic languages|West Germanic language]], spoken in Zambia (former [[Rozengria]]), and to a lesser extent South Africa. It evolved from the already distinct Dutch creole language of Afrikaans, where it then gradually began to develop distinguishing characteristics in the mid to late 19th and early 20th centuries.
'''Rozengrian''' (Rozengrian: Rozengriaanse taal) is a [[wikipedia:Endangered_language#Defining_and_measuring_endangerment|definitely endangered]] [[wikipedia:West_Germanic_languages|West Germanic language]], spoken in Zambia (former [[Rozengria]]), and to a lesser extent South Africa. It evolved from the already distinct Dutch creole language of [[wikipedia:Afrikaans|Afrikaans]], where it then gradually began to develop distinguishing characteristics in the mid to late 19th and early 20th centuries. Once a language spoken by around 2 million, it now has approximately 32,400 speakers left, most of whom are elderly.{{Infobox language
| name = Rozengrian
| nativename = {{lang|afr|Rozengriaanse taal}}
| states = [[Zambia]]
| ethnicity = 75,143 [[Rozengrians]] (includes Hidden Rozengrians)
| speakers = 32,400
| date = 2020 census
| ref =
| familycolor = Germanic
| fam2 = [[Germanic languages|Germanic]]
| fam3 = West Germanic
| iso3 = rz
| glotto = rz1248
| glottorefname = Rozengrian
| script = [[Latin script|Latin]]
| notice = IPA
| map = Rozengrian_Language.png
| mapcaption = {{legend|#0081ff| spoken by a majority}}{{legend|#89c6ff| spoken by a minority}}
| mapcaption3 = Distribution of Rozengrian at the beginning of the 20th century
| map2 = Lang Status 60-DE.svg
| mapcaption2 = {{center|{{small|Rozengrian is classified as Definitely Endangered by the [[UNESCO]] [[Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger]] (2010)}}}}
| fam4 = [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
| fam5 = [[Afrikaans|Afrikaans]]
}}


{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
<references />
{{Infobox language
| name            = Rozengrian
| nativename      = {{lang|rz|Rozengriaanse taal}}
| states          = [[Zambia]]
| ethnicity        = 1,143 [[Rozengrians]]
| speakers        = 476
| speakers2        = < 520 (2018, estimated)<ref name=Oxford>{{cite book |last=Markus |first=Elena |last2= Rozhanskiy |first2= Fedor |date=24 March 2022 |editor-last=Bakró-Nagy |editor-first=Marianne |editor2-last=Laakso |editor2-first=Johanna |editor3-last=Skribnik |editor3-first=Elena |title=The Oxford Guide to the Uralic Languages |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |chapter=Chapter 18: Ingrian |isbn=9780198767664}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://minlang.iling-ran.ru/lang/izhorskiy-yazyk|last=Muslimov|first=Mehmet|website=Малые языки россии|title=Ижорский язык|access-date=19 October 2024}}</ref><br /> 511 (2006, verified)<ref name=Minorities />
| date            = 2020 census
| ref              = <ref name=Census>{{Cite web |title=Росстат — Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/vpn_popul |access-date=2023-01-03 |website=rosstat.gov.ru |archive-date=24 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200124160257/http://rosstat.gov.ru/vpn_popul |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| familycolor      = Germanic
| fam2            = [[Germanic languages|Germanic]]
| fam3            = West Germanic
| iso3            = rz
| glotto          = rz1248
| glottorefname    = Rozengrian
| script          = [[Latin script|Latin]]
| notice          = IPA
| map              = 2.4a-Ingrian-and-Votic traditional.png
| mapcaption      = Distribution of Ingrian and Votic at the beginning of the 20th century<ref name=map1>{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Timo |last2=Tolvanen |first2=Harri |last3=Roose |first3=Meeli |last4=Ylikoski |first4=Jussi |last5=Vesakoski |first5=Outi |date=2022-06-08 |title=Best practices for spatial language data harmonization, sharing and map creation—A case study of Uralic |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=17 |issue=6 |pages=e0269648 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0269648|doi-access=free |pmid=35675367 |pmc=9176854 |bibcode=2022PLoSO..1769648R }}</ref><ref name=map2>Rantanen, Timo, Vesakoski, Outi, Ylikoski, Jussi, & Tolvanen, Harri. (2021). ''Geographical database of the Uralic languages'' (v1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4784188</ref>
| map2            = Lang Status 40-SE.svg
| mapcaption2      = {{center|{{small|Rozengrian is classified as Severely Endangered by the [[UNESCO]] [[Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger]] (2010)}}}}
| fam4            = [[Proto-Karelian language|Proto-Karelian]]
}}
[[File:2.4b-Ingrian-and-Votic current.png|thumb|300px|Ingrian and Votic villages at the beginning of the 21st century<ref name=map1/><ref name=map2/>]]
'''Ingrian''' ({{lang|izh|inkeroin keeli}} {{IPA-all|ˈiŋɡ̊e̞roi̯ŋ ˈke̝ːlʲi|Soikkola}}), also called '''Izhorian''' ({{lang|izh|ižoran keeli}} {{IPA-all|ˈiʒ̥o̞rɑŋ ˈke̝ːlʲi|Soikkola}} {{IPA-all|ˈiʒo̞rəŋ ˈkeːlʲ|Ala-Laukaa}}), is a [[Finnic language]] spoken by the (mainly [[Russian Orthodox Church|Orthodox]]) [[Izhorians]] of [[Ingria]]. It has approximately 70 native speakers left, most of whom are elderly.<ref name=Census /><ref name=Oxford /><ref name=Minorities />

Latest revision as of 02:51, 29 October 2024

Rozengrian (Rozengrian: Rozengriaanse taal) is a definitely endangered West Germanic language, spoken in Zambia (former Rozengria), and to a lesser extent South Africa. It evolved from the already distinct Dutch creole language of Afrikaans, where it then gradually began to develop distinguishing characteristics in the mid to late 19th and early 20th centuries. Once a language spoken by around 2 million, it now has approximately 32,400 speakers left, most of whom are elderly.

Rozengrian
Rozengriaanse taal
Native toZambia
Ethnicity75,143 Rozengrians (includes Hidden Rozengrians)
Native speakers
32,400 (2020 census)
Germanic
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3rz
Glottologrz1248[1]
Rozengrian Language.png
   spoken by a majority
   spoken by a minority
Lang Status 60-DE.svg
Rozengrian is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010)
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For a guide to IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.
  1. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Rozengrian". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
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