User:Ceipatcha/Sandbox: Difference between revisions
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!English approximation | !English approximation | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Cc''' || /{{IPA link|k}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Cc''' || /{{IPA link|k}}/ || '''k'''ey | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Dd''' || /{{IPA link|d}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Dd''' || /{{IPA link|d}}/ || '''d'''ive | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Ff''' || /{{IPA link|ɸ}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Ff''' || /{{IPA link|ɸ}}/ || '''f'''ine | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Ɥɥ''' || /{{IPA link|c}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Ɥɥ''' || /{{IPA link|c}}/ || Does not naturally occur in English.<br>Closest approximation appears in ba'''ck'''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Jj''' || /{{IPA link|j}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Jj''' || /{{IPA link|j}}/ || '''y'''ou | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Ll''' || /{{IPA link|l}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Ll''' || /{{IPA link|l}}/ || '''l'''ay | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''L̃l̃''' || /{{IPA link|ʎ}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''L̃l̃''' || /{{IPA link|ʎ}}/ || mi'''lli'''on | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Mm''' || /{{IPA link|m}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Mm''' || /{{IPA link|m}}/ || '''m'''ake | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Nn''' || /{{IPA link|n}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Nn''' || /{{IPA link|n}}/ || '''n'''ever | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Ññ''' || /{{IPA link|ɲ}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Ññ''' || /{{IPA link|ɲ}}/ || Does not naturally occur in English.<br>Occurs in Spanish as Espa'''ñ'''ol. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Ṅṅ''' || /{{IPA link|ŋ}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Ṅṅ''' || /{{IPA link|ŋ}}/ || si'''n'''g | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Pp''' || /{{IPA link|p}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Pp''' || /{{IPA link|p}}/ || '''p'''oor | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Tt''' || /{{IPA link|t}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Tt''' || /{{IPA link|t}}/ || '''t'''ell | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''T̃t̃''' || /{{IPA link|tʃ|t͡ʃʲ}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''T̃t̃''' || /{{IPA link|tʃ|t͡ʃʲ}}/ || Does not naturally occur in English.<br>Closest approximation appears in pea'''ch'''y. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Ṫṫ''' || /{{IPA link|t͡s}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Ṫṫ''' || /{{IPA link|t͡s}}/ || her'''tz''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Xx''' || /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Xx''' || /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/ || '''sh'''ell | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''X̃x̃''' || /{{IPA link|ɬ}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''X̃x̃''' || /{{IPA link|ɬ}}/ || Does not naturally occur in English.<br>No sufficiently accurate approximations. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Ẋẋ''' || /{{IPA link|ʂ}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Ẋẋ''' || /{{IPA link|ʂ}}/ || Does not naturally occur in English.<br>No sufficiently accurate approximations. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''X̣x̣''' || /{{IPA link|s̠}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''X̣x̣''' || /{{IPA link|s̠}}/ || Does not naturally occur in English.<br>No sufficiently accurate approximations. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Ãã''' || /{{IPA link|w}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Ãã''' || /{{IPA link|w}}/ || '''w'''ater | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | ''' ' ''' || /{{IPA link|ɾ}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | ''' ' ''' || /{{IPA link|ɾ}}/ || be'''tt'''er in American English. | ||
|} | |} | ||
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!English approximation | !English approximation | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Aa''' || /{{IPA link|a}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Aa''' || /{{IPA link|a}}/ || American m'''a'''ma<br>New Zealand br'''a'''<br>Received h'''a'''t | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Ee''' || /{{IPA link|e}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Ee''' || /{{IPA link|e}}/ || American m'''a'''y<br>Australian b'''e'''d<br>Received conf'''e'''ss | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Ii''' || /{{IPA link|i}}/|| | | style="text-align:center" | '''Ii''' || /{{IPA link|i}}/|| Most dialects fr'''ee'''<br>Australian b'''i'''t | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Ĩĩ''' || /{{IPA link|ɨ}}/ ~ /{{IPA link|ə}}/|| | | style="text-align:center" | '''Ĩĩ''' || /{{IPA link|ɨ}}/ ~ /{{IPA link|ə}}/|| Free variation;<br>Southern American l'''i'''p to '''a'''rena<br>Received d'''i'''d to b'''ir'''d | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Oo''' || /{{IPA link|o}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Oo''' || /{{IPA link|o}}/ || Received y'''aw'''n | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | '''Uu''' || /{{IPA link|u}}/ || | | style="text-align:center" | '''Uu''' || /{{IPA link|u}}/ || American b'''oo'''t<br>Australian b'''oo'''k | ||
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 11:16, 18 November 2024
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Post- alveolar |
Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||
| Plosive | p | t | d | c | k | |||
| Affricate | t͡s | t͡ʃʲ | ||||||
| Fricative | ɸ | s̠ | ʃ | ʂ | ||||
| Tap | ɾ | |||||||
| Lateral | glide | l | ʎ | |||||
| fricative | ɬ | |||||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||||
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɨ ~ ə | u |
| Mid | e | o | |
| Open | a |
Orthography
The following tables present the LANGUAGENAME letters in standardized alphabetical order, the sounds they correspond to in International Phonetic Alphabet, and how these can be approximated by an English speaker. As a post-contact alphabet, LANGUAGENAME is written as a heavily diacritical Latin script with a conservative selection of consonantal bases.
Consonants
| Letter | Value (IPA) |
English approximation |
|---|---|---|
| Cc | /k/ | key |
| Dd | /d/ | dive |
| Ff | /ɸ/ | fine |
| Ɥɥ | /c/ | Does not naturally occur in English. Closest approximation appears in back. |
| Jj | /j/ | you |
| Ll | /l/ | lay |
| L̃l̃ | /ʎ/ | million |
| Mm | /m/ | make |
| Nn | /n/ | never |
| Ññ | /ɲ/ | Does not naturally occur in English. Occurs in Spanish as Español. |
| Ṅṅ | /ŋ/ | sing |
| Pp | /p/ | poor |
| Tt | /t/ | tell |
| T̃t̃ | /t͡ʃʲ/ | Does not naturally occur in English. Closest approximation appears in peachy. |
| Ṫṫ | /t͡s/ | hertz |
| Xx | /ʃ/ | shell |
| X̃x̃ | /ɬ/ | Does not naturally occur in English. No sufficiently accurate approximations. |
| Ẋẋ | /ʂ/ | Does not naturally occur in English. No sufficiently accurate approximations. |
| X̣x̣ | /s̠/ | Does not naturally occur in English. No sufficiently accurate approximations. |
| Ãã | /w/ | water |
| ' | /ɾ/ | better in American English. |
Vowels
| Letter | Value (IPA) |
English approximation |
|---|---|---|
| Aa | /a/ | American mama New Zealand bra Received hat |
| Ee | /e/ | American may Australian bed Received confess |
| Ii | /i/ | Most dialects free Australian bit |
| Ĩĩ | /ɨ/ ~ /ə/ | Free variation; Southern American lip to arena Received did to bird |
| Oo | /o/ | Received yawn |
| Uu | /u/ | American boot Australian book |