Hammer (missile): Difference between revisions
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The '''Hammer missile''' ({{wp|Vietnamese language|Daoan}}: ''Búa'') is a family of {{wp|Short-range ballistic missile|short}} to {{wp|intermediate-range ballistic missile|intermediate}} range ballistic missiles developed by [[Daobac]] and operated by [[Daoan Congressional Republic Air Force]]. The missie was designed and manufactured by [[Mach Aerospace]] with certain components sourced from [[United Defense Systems]], a subsidiary of [[Tran International]]. The successful development and operation of the {{wp|RPS-420|Dragon 1}} {{wp|small-lift launch vehicle}} in 1975 by the [[Daobac Space Corporation|Daoan Aeronautical Institute]] sparked renewed interest among Daoan military planners to obtain a weapon platform with long-range strike capability as part of Daobac's strategy of {{wp|Deterrence theory|deterrence}}. Research and development of Daobac's ballistic missile program took place from 1978 with the first successful test launch taking place in 1986. To date there are eight primary versions of the Hammer; the Mk.1, Mk.2, Mk.3, Mk.4, Mk.5A/B/C/D with each missile being an improvement from one another. The Mk.1 is the first {{wp|short-range ballistic missile}} (SRBM), the Mk.2 classified as a {{wp|medium-range ballistic missile}} (MRBM), the Mk.4 being the first Daoan MRBM capable of carrying a {{wp|multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle}} (MIRV) payload and the Mk. | The '''Hammer missile''' ({{wp|Vietnamese language|Daoan}}: ''Búa'') is a family of {{wp|Short-range ballistic missile|short}} to {{wp|intermediate-range ballistic missile|intermediate}} range ballistic missiles developed by [[Daobac]] and operated by [[Daoan Congressional Republic Air Force]]. The missie was designed and manufactured by [[Mach Aerospace]] with certain components sourced from [[United Defense Systems]], a subsidiary of [[Tran International]]. The successful development and operation of the {{wp|RPS-420|Dragon 1}} {{wp|small-lift launch vehicle}} in 1975 by the [[Daobac Space Corporation|Daoan Aeronautical Institute]] sparked renewed interest among Daoan military planners to obtain a weapon platform with long-range strike capability as part of Daobac's strategy of {{wp|Deterrence theory|deterrence}}. Research and development of Daobac's ballistic missile program took place from 1978 with the first successful test launch taking place in 1986. To date there are eight primary versions of the Hammer; the Mk.1, Mk.2, Mk.3, Mk.4, Mk.5A/B/C/D with each missile being an improvement from one another. The Mk.1 is the first {{wp|short-range ballistic missile}} (SRBM), the Mk.2 classified as a {{wp|medium-range ballistic missile}} (MRBM), the Mk.4 being the first Daoan MRBM capable of carrying a {{wp|multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle}} (MIRV) payload and the Mk.5A version classified as a MIRV-capable {{wp|intermediate-range ballistic missile}} (IRBM). Current missiles in active use are the Mk.5A/B/C/D, with all Mk.1, Mk.2, Mk.3 and Mk.4 versions having been decommissioned in 2004, 2009, 2021 and 2022 respectively. | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
=== Origin === | === Origin === | ||
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=== Research & development === | === Research & development === | ||
It was not until 1978 when the Ministry of National Security (MNS) approved a budget for the research and development of a ballistic missile program. A committee comprised of members from all major branches of the DSDF alongside representatives from the DAI was established by the MNS to help ascertain the feasibility and necessity of a Daoan ballistic missile program. By 1979 the committee's conclusions were as follows: (1) that in the immediate future a ballistic missile is not a critical need, (2) however within the next seven to ten years it would be imperative that a ballistic missile be procured. It was also determined that any ballistic missile procurement program would have to be developed domestically as it would be unlikely that foreign countries, even friendly ones, would be willing to share highly sensitive technologies. | It was not until 1978 when the Ministry of National Security (MNS) approved a budget for the research and development of a ballistic missile program. A committee comprised of members from all major branches of the DSDF alongside representatives from the DAI was established by the MNS to help ascertain the feasibility and necessity of a Daoan ballistic missile program. By 1979 the committee's conclusions were as follows: (1) that in the immediate future a ballistic missile is not a critical need, (2) however within the next seven to ten years it would be imperative that a ballistic missile be procured. It was also determined that any ballistic missile procurement program would have to be developed domestically as it would be unlikely that foreign countries, even friendly ones, would be willing to share highly sensitive technologies. A domestic tendering process resulted in [[Mach Aerospace]] winning the tender process to design and develop the missile. Manufacturing would be done by Mach itself and certain components procured from United Defense Systems. {{Wp|Sounding rocket|Sounding rockets}} as well as working units of the Dragon 1 {{Wp|small-lift launch vehicle}} (SLV) were provided by the DAI to Mach Aerospace engineers and designers. Mach Aerospace was able to expedite their research and development process using a combination of the transfer of knowledge from the DAI's extensive experience in developing launch vehicles, as well as the advantage of being able to directly study a working rocket. The first working prototype was tested in 1983 but failed to separate failed to achieve flight. A total of five prototypes were developed until the sixth and final one achieved flight in 1985. | ||
=== Active service === | === Active service === | ||
After the success of its first prototype in 1986 the program resulted in the creation of the Hammer Mk.1 {{wp|short-range ballistic missile}} (SRBM) that could be launched from static {{wp|missile silo|missile silos}}. With a range of only 500 km it was only capable of striking land targets in the Nangang province of [[Yunxia]] which limited its effectiveness. The Hammer Mk.2 was a sigificant improvement upon the Mk.1 with a maximum range of up to 1,500 km. | |||
== Versions == | == Versions == | ||
=== Overview === | === Overview === | ||
Latest revision as of 06:05, 21 November 2024
| Hammer | |
|---|---|
.jpg) A Hammer Mk.5A IRBM test launch in 2012 | |
| Type | SRBM (Mk.1, Mk.3, Mk.5C) MRBM (Mk.2, Mk.4. Mk.5D) IRBM (Mk.5A) SLBM (Mk.5B) |
| Place of origin |  Daobac |
| Service history | |
| In service | Active |
| Used by | Daoan Air Force |
| Production history | |
| Designer | Mach Aerospace |
| Manufacturer | Mach Aerospace United Defense Systems |
| Produced | 1980 - Present |
| No. built | Classified |
| Variants | 8 |
| Specifications | |
| Length | 19 m (62 ft 4 in) (Mk.5A) |
| Diameter | 1.8 m (5 ft 11 in) (Mk.5A) |
| Warhead | Thermobaric High-yield explosive Bunker buster Cluster munition Incendiary |
| Engine | Two-stage solid-fuel rocket engines (Mk.5) |
| Propellant | NEPE-75 |
Operational range | Up to 5,200 km (3,200 mi) (Mk.5A) |
| Speed | Mach 12 (Mk.5A/B) |
Guidance system | Intertial GP20-B (SRBM, MRBM & IRBM) Astro-interntial guidance (SLBM) |
| Transport | Missile silo Ballistic-missile submarine Mobile missile vehicle |
The Hammer missile (Daoan: Búa) is a family of short to intermediate range ballistic missiles developed by Daobac and operated by Daoan Congressional Republic Air Force. The missie was designed and manufactured by Mach Aerospace with certain components sourced from United Defense Systems, a subsidiary of Tran International. The successful development and operation of the Dragon 1 small-lift launch vehicle in 1975 by the Daoan Aeronautical Institute sparked renewed interest among Daoan military planners to obtain a weapon platform with long-range strike capability as part of Daobac's strategy of deterrence. Research and development of Daobac's ballistic missile program took place from 1978 with the first successful test launch taking place in 1986. To date there are eight primary versions of the Hammer; the Mk.1, Mk.2, Mk.3, Mk.4, Mk.5A/B/C/D with each missile being an improvement from one another. The Mk.1 is the first short-range ballistic missile (SRBM), the Mk.2 classified as a medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM), the Mk.4 being the first Daoan MRBM capable of carrying a multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle (MIRV) payload and the Mk.5A version classified as a MIRV-capable intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM). Current missiles in active use are the Mk.5A/B/C/D, with all Mk.1, Mk.2, Mk.3 and Mk.4 versions having been decommissioned in 2004, 2009, 2021 and 2022 respectively.
History
Origin
Daoan military planners have long envisioned to both have effective strategic & tactical first-strike and retaliatory attack options in a military conflict with Yunxia or other major powers in the Kayatman & Ozerosi region. The advent of ballistic missile technology in the mid 20th century provided nations with the ability to initiate mass-scale attacks against opponents through land, air and sea based platforms. However due to Daobac's limited budget it needed to prioritize in building up its conventional forces first before diverting funds towards a ballistic missile program. Advancements in rocketry and missile technologies through the Daoan Aeronautical Institute (DAI) would help provide access to the Daobac Self-Defense Forces (DSDF) to explore and assess how to weaponize its domestically made missiles. Daoan ambitions for a submarine-launched ballistic missile program dates all the way back to 1965 when then Rear Admiral <INSERT NAME> first voiced his concern that with the rapid advancement in military technology Daobac's current conventional forces are not enough to deter a future attack from Yunxia or another potentially hostile state. The procurement of a ballistic missile platform would not only provide deterrence but it provides Daobac with the ability for a massive first or retaliatory strike against its adversaries. Due to Daobac's relatively small economy however priority was given to maturing Daobac's conventional forces.
Research & development
It was not until 1978 when the Ministry of National Security (MNS) approved a budget for the research and development of a ballistic missile program. A committee comprised of members from all major branches of the DSDF alongside representatives from the DAI was established by the MNS to help ascertain the feasibility and necessity of a Daoan ballistic missile program. By 1979 the committee's conclusions were as follows: (1) that in the immediate future a ballistic missile is not a critical need, (2) however within the next seven to ten years it would be imperative that a ballistic missile be procured. It was also determined that any ballistic missile procurement program would have to be developed domestically as it would be unlikely that foreign countries, even friendly ones, would be willing to share highly sensitive technologies. A domestic tendering process resulted in Mach Aerospace winning the tender process to design and develop the missile. Manufacturing would be done by Mach itself and certain components procured from United Defense Systems. Sounding rockets as well as working units of the Dragon 1 small-lift launch vehicle (SLV) were provided by the DAI to Mach Aerospace engineers and designers. Mach Aerospace was able to expedite their research and development process using a combination of the transfer of knowledge from the DAI's extensive experience in developing launch vehicles, as well as the advantage of being able to directly study a working rocket. The first working prototype was tested in 1983 but failed to separate failed to achieve flight. A total of five prototypes were developed until the sixth and final one achieved flight in 1985.
Active service
After the success of its first prototype in 1986 the program resulted in the creation of the Hammer Mk.1 short-range ballistic missile (SRBM) that could be launched from static missile silos. With a range of only 500 km it was only capable of striking land targets in the Nangang province of Yunxia which limited its effectiveness. The Hammer Mk.2 was a sigificant improvement upon the Mk.1 with a maximum range of up to 1,500 km.
Versions
Overview
Below is a list of known versions of the Hammer and its variants.
| Name | Type | In Service | Status | MIRV | Max Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hammer Mk.1 | SRBM | 1986 - 2004 | Decomissioned | 
|
500 km |
| Hammer Mk.2 | MRBM | 1989 - 2009 | Decomissioned |
|
1,500 km |
| Hammer Mk.3 | SRBM | 2004 - 2021 | Decomissioned |
|
900 km |
| Hammer Mk.4 | MRBM | 2008 - 2022 | Decomissioned | 
|
2,500 km |
| Hammer Mk.5A | IRBM | 2012 - Present | Active |
|
5,200 km |
| Hammer Mk.5B | SLBM | 2018 - Present | Active |
|
5,200 km |
| Hammer Mk.5C | SRBM | 2020 - Present | Active |
|
1,100 km |
| Hammer Mk.5D | MRBM | 2021 - Present | Active |
|
2,700 km |