Iberunia

Iberunian Republic Em Republica Brú-Iveiru
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Hoc hic misterium fidei firmiter profitemur "Here is the mystery of faith that we strongly profess"
Anthem:  Sona Cunziglu, Vire d'o Rre cu sa Familia ("Sound the Muster, Long Live the King and his Family")
Official languages	Llugonian, Callacian
Recognised regional languages	Suberran, Tavalonian, Lemavian
Callaetamesic, Tiberian	Iberunian
Demonym(s)	Iberunian
Government
• President	Amaro Peres
• Prime Minister	Iago Cuba
Population
• Estimate	32,000,000
• 2018 census	31,812,420
Currency	Iberunian Mona (IM)
Date format	dd ˘ mm ˘ yyyy
Driving side	left
Internet TLD	.ie

Modern humans first arrived in the Tamesian Peninsula around 35,000 years ago, and developed neolithic cultures. Indo-Esterian Callaetamesic cultures, which arrived in the region around the 6th or 5th century, along with ancient Phoenician and Greek settlements. The peninsula came under Tibernian rule around 200 BCE, after which the region was named Tamesia, based on the earlier Phoenician name for the modern Tamaris river, T(a)m(i)s or Tamis. Tibernian rule was centred along the west coast near large iron deposits and trading ports, and the peninsula was not fully conquered until the end of the first century AD. Previous military expeditions to subdue the eastern Callaetamesic tribes, such as those of Marcus Cornelius Gallicanus, and Aelius Magnus, had mostly ended in failure, making the Tiburnians content to hold onto the western half of the peninsula. As such, there was not a lot of Tibernian cultural influence inwards for at least some time, forming the beginning of Iberunia's modern day language divide. From AD 47, three years after the ascension of Emperor Nero, grandnephew of the first emperor Gaius Claudius Caesar Augustus, the eastern half was slowly conquered, with the Tibernians settling many colonies, most notably Colonia Victricensis with its large Temple of Nero, the largest of its type in the eastern half of the country. The conquest was finally completed by AD 96, but even then there remained loose pockets of resistance and some rebellions, particularly in the highlands around Suberra.

At the beginning of the fifth century, the Eastern Tibernian Empire led by Sebastianus abandoned the province in response to the increasing threat faced by Vanderic migrations. These Tamesian cities, which were told to organise their own defences from resurgent Suberran invaders sweeping south from the Cerbantian Mountains, as well as from invading Vanderic groups, began to fragment among tribal lines, becoming separate kingdoms in their own right. Vanderic groups, like those of the Gautigoths and Taifals, invaded and managed to unite a majority of Tamesia by the 7th century under the Amalic Kingdom, but were quickly assimilated into the Tiberno-Callaetamesic population. In the early ninth century the Amalic Kingdom fell to the Irsadic Qusayyad dynasty, who ended up ruling most of the peninsula by the year 818, leaving only a handful of small independent realms in the north. Over the next three hundred years, a long reconquering period, known as the Reconquistañe across the Tamesian Peninsula, helped lead to the creation of the Kingdom of Suberonia, Kingdom of Callacia, and the Kingdom of Narbonia who repelled this invasion. By the year 1453 the Qusayyad dynasty had been expelled from the peninsula, and by the year 1300, most of Tamesia's kingdoms had been united into two entities, the Kingdom of Callacia, and the Kingdom of Narbonia. These two kingdoms were unified in the Pact of Wernimes-Ogrobis in 1511, which formed a marriage between Eremand III of Callacia and Juana of Narbonia. Upon their death, the throne passed to their only surviving son, Sarles I, who formed the United Kingdom of Iberunia.

During the 18th and 19th century, Iberunia underwent a number of stresses, such as wars of succession, ethnic strife between Romance and Callaetamesic speakers, clashings between conservative and liberal tendencies, and the decline of its colonial empire. In 1920, shortly after the ending of the First World War, Iberunia became a republic. This First Republic was unstable, and monarchist sympathies remained strong. A civil war in 1932 ended with the formation of the anarcho-syndicalist Iberunian People's Federation. This Federation joined the forces of the ... in the Second World War, resulting in their defeat in the 1940s. The Iberunian People's Federation was forced to grant independence to Lemavia and Suberra in the aftermath, but was saved from total dismemberment. In the 1950s, after the destructive Second World War, there was a political reshuffling in the new Second Republic of Iberunia that led to the elections of social democratic and mostly market liberal presidents such as Joan-Pol Cuba, Francas MacoDonoal, and Muircad Carenotin. Due to political crises in the late 1950s, the Second Republic of Iberunia was reformed into the Iberunian Republic in 1960 under Ramon Ovalle, creating a presidential system. The 1960s, 1970s and 1980s were marked by unprecedented economic growth, of which the strong directive role of the state during the 60s and 70s is said to be responsible. Since the 1940s, Iberunia has become a secondary power in Estere both economically and politically. There has been friction with Suberra due to the hasty nature of the separation between the two countries, which left significant minorities in either country, and as such has been the source of much ethnic conflict and violence. Iberunia has been a founding member of the Tamesian Customs Union or TCU, an economic community comprising of Iberunia and Lemavia.

History

Prehistory and pre-Tiburnian peoples

Archaeological findings from caves in the Cerbantian mountains reveal that Iberunia was populated by hominids at least some 1 million years ago. Modern day humans are believed to have arrived from the north around 36,000 years ago, leaving behind cultural items such as cave paintings like those in ... . Iberunia is believed to have been one of the major refuges for early human populations within Estere during the ice age, and findings show the peninsula was relatively populated and lively.

Before Tiburnian times, two large cultural and linguistic groups are believed to have encompassed most of the Tamesian peninsula, the Tamesians and the Callaetians. The Tamesians occupied much of the western half of the country along the Marenostro, while the Callaetians primarily inhabited the more rugged hills of the centre and eastern coast. Suberrans also were an established population in the north, and populations influenced by the trading cultures of ... and ... such as ... inhabited the southern part of the peninsula.

Tiburnian Tamesia and the Amalic Kingdom

The peninsula was ultimately completely conquered by the Tiburnians over a period of two hundred years, and managed to continue control of it for another six hundred, bringing Tiburn influence. This influence had a profound impact on the cultural and linguistic nature of Iberunia, as west coast became densely populated with Tiburn speakers, compared to the more rustic centre and east. This enabled the Callaetian langauge to survive, albeit not without significant influence. Tiburn rule was cemented through constructs such as roads, and bindings such as their laws. For most of the Tiburnian period, Iberunia acted as a granary for the empire, exporting olives, wool, gold, iron, lead, and wine across the empire. Agricultural yield boomed thanks to irrigation projects, like aqueducts, which still remain today in many parts of Iberunia. The Tiburnian Emperors ..., ..., ..., ..., and ... were born in Iberunia, along with the noted philosopher ... . Iberunia converted to ... after missionaries came in around the 2nd century, quickly becoming popular. These Tiburn and ... influences went on to define much of Iberunia's later laws, languages, and its religions.

In 399, Vanderic tribes Although the Eastern Tiburnian Empire began to disintegrate in the 4th century, leading to the abandonment of Iberunia by Emperor Sebastianus in 422, many of the successor regimes in the Iberunian peninsula maintained many of the institutions and laws of the late empire. Notable in Iberunia was Narbonia, ruled by the Syagrii family, who continued to style themselves as Emperors of Tamesia. The peninsula was eventually united by the Amaling dynasty of the Gautigoths in 463 under King Leoverto, creating the Amalic Kingdom. Leoverto was also the first king to give written laws to the Gautigoths. His successors assumed the role of protectors of the ...-Tiburn rites of the Church, against the ... of the ... in the north, and in these devastating wars many of the Amaling kings, such as Leoverto's sons Leodo I and Leodomiro I, were killed.

Qusayyad Dynasty and Reconquistañe

In the early 9th century, almost the entirety of the peninsula was conquered by ... armies from Northern Mauria, save from a small area in the mountainous northwest. These expansions were initially military endeavours taken by the Qusayyad Caliphate in 810, but later the conquered land provided a refuge in 856 for Abd-al-Rashid, prince of the deposed Qusayyad Caliphate.

..., the capital of the caliphate since Abd-al-Rashid III, was the largest, richest and most sophisticated city in eastern Estere. Marenostran trade and cultural exchange enabled easy goods and transportation while ... imported a rich intellectual tradition from the Middle East and North Mauria. Some important philosophers at the time were ..., ... and ... . The Tiburnised cultures of the Tamesian Peninsula interacted with ... and ... cultures in complex ways, giving the region a distinctive culture. Outside the cities, where the vast majority lived, the land ownership system from Tiburn times remained largely intact as Qusayyad leaders rarely dispossessed landowners. This led to the the introduction of new crops and techniques and an expansion of agriculture introducing new products which originally came from Alai or the former territories of the Tiburnian Empire. In the 11th century, the Qusayyad holdings fractured into rival Taifa states, allowing the small northern ... states the opportunity to greatly enlarge their territories.

A statue of Gundemaro Mires, first King of Llugo

The Reconquistañe (Reconquest) was the centuries-long period in which Qusayyad rule was re-established over the Tamesian Peninsula. The Reconquistañe is viewed as beginning with the Battle of ... won by Gundemaro Mires in 822 when he defeated an invading ... in the ... mountains. The ... army's victory led to the creation of the Kingdom of Llugo in the ... mountains and ... valleys of Tamesia's centre. Shortly after, in 839, Qusayyad forces were driven from the coastal west, which was to eventually host one of medieval Estere's holiest sites, ..., incorporated into the new semi-independent Duchy of Narbonia. In the east, following the example of Gundemaro Mires, Callacian noble Doncado MacoBriago de Carantos, also known as Doncado Dono or Doncado the Brown, was able to seize several towns in the hilly and mountainous area of Callacia, crowning himself King of Callacia in 840. Doncado was a member of a clan who traced themselves back to a legendary Tiburn noble by the name of Arcado Dubo who remained in Tamesia and resisted the Gautigoths. Over the next several hundred years these three ... entities, Llugo, Narbonia, and Callacia, began to spread southwards, taking advantage of the Qusayyad decline.

Doncado the Brown, first King of Callacia

The kings and the nobility fought for power and influence in this period. The example of the Tiburn emperors influenced the political objective of the Crown, while the nobles benefited from the hierarchy of feudalism.

In 1046, the Kingdom of Narbonia was created as a result of the dynastic union between Duchess Gerberga of Narbonia, and Count Ramon-Guillaume of Tavalonia.

In 1266, ..., King of Llugo, died. Having no direct heir, his kingdom was inherited by his cousins, the Kings of Callacia and Narbonia, who split it in the Treaty of ... . Narbonia inherited Navia in the north, and gained access to the ... ocean, whilst Callacia inherited much of the south, including a good portion of the Llugonian heartland.

In 1453, the combined forces of Callacia and Narbonia captured the city of ... from its last ruler Al-Qasim IV Qusayyad, ending the last remnant of a 643-year presence of ... rule in Tamesia. Shortly after, in 1511, Narbonia and Callacia were united in the Pact of Wernimes-Ogrobis, and their son Searles I combined the two kingdoms into an United Kingdom of Iberunia.

Culture

Music and Dance

The Iberunian band The Otters, 1965; left to right: Soan MacoEnri, Conni MacoArta, Rori Leize, Jordi d'Eglesia.

Various regional styles of folk music abound across Iberunia, ranging from Callaetian, to Suberran styles, to Tavalonian. Pop, rock, hip hop and heavy metal are also popular. One of the most popular musical groups of the 20th century, the Otters or "Em Duruhus" originated in Iberunia and quickly spread worldwide, changing the face of popular music and reaching almost a billion units sold internationally by their breakup in 1972.