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Toendran language: Difference between revisions

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==Phonetics==
==Phonetics==
===Consonants===
===Consonants===
> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
> |-
|-
> ! colspan="2" |  
! colspan="2" |  
> ! {{wp|labial consonant|Labial}}
! {{wp|labial consonant|Labial}}
> ! {{wp|alveolar consonant|Alveolar}}
! {{wp|alveolar consonant|Alveolar}}
> ! {{wp|palatal consonant|Palatal}}
! {{wp|palatal consonant|Palatal}}
> ! {{wp|velar consonant|Velar}}
! {{wp|velar consonant|Velar}}
> |-
|-
> ! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Plosive}}
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Plosive}}
> ! {{small|voiced}}
! {{small|voiced}}
> | {{IPAlink|b}} ⟨b⟩
| {{IPAlink|b}} ⟨b⟩
> | {{IPAlink|d}} ⟨d⟩
| {{IPAlink|d}} ⟨d⟩
> |  
|  
> | {{IPAlink|ɡ}} ⟨gh⟩
| {{IPAlink|ɡ}} ⟨gh⟩
> |-
|-
> ! {{small|voiceless}}
! {{small|voiceless}}
> | {{IPAlink|p}} ⟨p⟩
| {{IPAlink|p}} ⟨p⟩
> | {{IPAlink|t}} ⟨t⟩
| {{IPAlink|t}} ⟨t⟩
> |  
|  
> | {{IPAlink|k}} ⟨k⟩
| {{IPAlink|k}} ⟨k⟩
> |-
|-
> ! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Affricate}}
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Affricate}}
> ! {{small|voiced}}
! {{small|voiced}}
> | {{IPAlink|b͡β}} ⟨bv⟩
| {{IPAlink|b͡β}} ⟨bv⟩
> | {{IPAlink|t͡s}} ⟨c⟩
| {{IPAlink|t͡s}} ⟨c⟩
> |  
|  
> |  
|  
> |-
|-
> ! {{small|voiceless}}
! {{small|voiceless}}
> | {{IPAlink|p͡ɸ}} ⟨pf⟩
| {{IPAlink|p͡ɸ}} ⟨pf⟩
> | {{IPAlink|d͡z}} ⟨z⟩
| {{IPAlink|d͡z}} ⟨z⟩
> |  
|  
> |   
|   
> |-
|-
> ! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Fricative}}
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Fricative}}
> ! {{small|voiced}}
! {{small|voiced}}
> | {{IPAlink|β}} ⟨v⟩
| {{IPAlink|β}} ⟨v⟩
> | {{IPAlink|z}} ⟨s⟩
| {{IPAlink|z}} ⟨s⟩
> |  
|  
> | {{IPAlink|ɣ}} ⟨g⟩
| {{IPAlink|ɣ}} ⟨g⟩
> |-
|-
> ! {{small|voiceless}}
! {{small|voiceless}}
> | {{IPAlink|ɸ}} ⟨f⟩
| {{IPAlink|ɸ}} ⟨f⟩
> | {{IPAlink|s}} ⟨ss/ß⟩
| {{IPAlink|s}} ⟨ss/ß⟩
> |  
|  
> | {{IPAlink|x}} ⟨h⟩
| {{IPAlink|x}} ⟨h⟩
> |-
|-
> ! colspan="2" | {{wp|Nasal}}
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Nasal}}
> | {{IPAlink|m}} ⟨m⟩
| {{IPAlink|m}} ⟨m⟩
> | {{IPAlink|n}} ⟨n⟩
| {{IPAlink|n}} ⟨n⟩
> |  
|  
> |  
|  
> |-
|-
> ! colspan="2" | {{wp|Approximant}}
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Approximant}}
> |  
|  
> | {{IPAlink|l}} ⟨l⟩, {{IPAlink|ɹ}} ⟨r⟩
| {{IPAlink|l}} ⟨l⟩, {{IPAlink|ɹ}} ⟨r⟩
> | {{IPAlink|j}} ⟨j⟩
| {{IPAlink|j}} ⟨j⟩
> | {{IPAlink|w}} ⟨w⟩, {{IPAlink|ʍ}} ⟨wh⟩
| {{IPAlink|w}} ⟨w⟩, {{IPAlink|ʍ}} ⟨wh⟩
> |-
|-
> |}
|}
===Vowels===
<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-right: 1em;">
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Short
!
! align="center" | {{wp|Front vowel|Front}}
! align="center" colspan="2" | {{wp|Central vowel|Central}}
! align="center" | {{wp|Back vowel|back}}
|- align="center"
! {{wp|Close vowel|Close}}
| {{IPA link|i}} ⟨i⟩
| {{IPA link|ɨ}} ⟨y⟩ ||{{IPA link|ʉ}} ⟨ÿ⟩
| {{IPA link|u}} ⟨u⟩
|- align="center"
! {{wp|Mid vowel|Mid}}
| {{IPA link|e}} ⟨e⟩
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ə}} ⟨ë⟩
| {{IPA link|o}} ⟨o⟩
|- align="center"
! {{wp|Open vowel|Open}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA link|a}} ⟨a⟩
|}
</div>
<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-right: 1em;">
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Long
!
! align="center" | {{wp|Front vowel|Front}}
! align="center" colspan="2" | {{wp|Central vowel|Central}}
! align="center" | {{wp|Back vowel|back}}
|- align="center"
! {{wp|Close vowel|Close}}
| {{IPA link|iː}} ⟨ii⟩
| {{IPA link|ɨː}} ⟨yy⟩ ||{{IPA link|ʉː}} ⟨ÿÿ⟩
| {{IPA link|uː}} ⟨uu⟩
|- align="center"
! {{wp|Open vowel|Open}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA link|aː}} ⟨aa⟩
|}
</div>

Revision as of 15:52, 29 January 2022

Toendran
Tooendran
Tuuenjik
Pronunciation['Tu:enjik]
RegionNorth-East Astaria
EthnicityToendran
Native speakers
6 million (2015)
Indo-European
  • Germanic
    • West Germanic
      • Toendran
Latin
Official status
Official language in
Toendraland
Language codes
ISO 639-3
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For a guide to IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Tuendran(Tuuenjik ['Tu:enjik]) is a West Germanic language spoken by about 5.8 million as a first language, and 0.2 million as a second language, constituting most of the population of Toendraland(where it is the official language, and the entirity of the Urichi tribes as a second language.

Phonetics

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar
Plosive voiced b ⟨b⟩ d ⟨d⟩ ɡ ⟨gh⟩
voiceless p ⟨p⟩ t ⟨t⟩ k ⟨k⟩
Affricate voiced b͡β ⟨bv⟩ t͡s ⟨c⟩
voiceless p͡ɸ ⟨pf⟩ d͡z ⟨z⟩
Fricative voiced β ⟨v⟩ z ⟨s⟩ ɣ ⟨g⟩
voiceless ɸ ⟨f⟩ s ⟨ss/ß⟩ x ⟨h⟩
Nasal m ⟨m⟩ n ⟨n⟩
Approximant l ⟨l⟩, ɹ ⟨r⟩ j ⟨j⟩ w ⟨w⟩, ʍ ⟨wh⟩

Vowels

Short
Front Central back
Close i ⟨i⟩ ɨ ⟨y⟩ ʉ ⟨ÿ⟩ u ⟨u⟩
Mid e ⟨e⟩ ə ⟨ë⟩ o ⟨o⟩
Open a ⟨a⟩
Long
Front Central back
Close ⟨ii⟩ ɨː ⟨yy⟩ ʉː ⟨ÿÿ⟩ ⟨uu⟩
Open ⟨aa⟩