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Toendran language: Difference between revisions
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==Phonetics== | ==Phonetics== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | | |||
! {{wp|labial consonant|Labial}} | |||
! {{wp|alveolar consonant|Alveolar}} | |||
! {{wp|palatal consonant|Palatal}} | |||
! {{wp|velar consonant|Velar}} | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Plosive}} | |||
! {{small|voiced}} | |||
| {{IPAlink|b}} ⟨b⟩ | |||
| {{IPAlink|d}} ⟨d⟩ | |||
| | |||
| {{IPAlink|ɡ}} ⟨gh⟩ | |||
|- | |||
! {{small|voiceless}} | |||
| {{IPAlink|p}} ⟨p⟩ | |||
| {{IPAlink|t}} ⟨t⟩ | |||
| | |||
| {{IPAlink|k}} ⟨k⟩ | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Affricate}} | |||
! {{small|voiced}} | |||
| {{IPAlink|b͡β}} ⟨bv⟩ | |||
| {{IPAlink|t͡s}} ⟨c⟩ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! {{small|voiceless}} | |||
| {{IPAlink|p͡ɸ}} ⟨pf⟩ | |||
| {{IPAlink|d͡z}} ⟨z⟩ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Fricative}} | |||
! {{small|voiced}} | |||
| {{IPAlink|β}} ⟨v⟩ | |||
| {{IPAlink|z}} ⟨s⟩ | |||
| | |||
| {{IPAlink|ɣ}} ⟨g⟩ | |||
|- | |||
! {{small|voiceless}} | |||
| {{IPAlink|ɸ}} ⟨f⟩ | |||
| {{IPAlink|s}} ⟨ss/ß⟩ | |||
| | |||
| {{IPAlink|x}} ⟨h⟩ | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Nasal}} | |||
| {{IPAlink|m}} ⟨m⟩ | |||
| {{IPAlink|n}} ⟨n⟩ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Approximant}} | |||
| | |||
| {{IPAlink|l}} ⟨l⟩, {{IPAlink|ɹ}} ⟨r⟩ | |||
| {{IPAlink|j}} ⟨j⟩ | |||
| {{IPAlink|w}} ⟨w⟩, {{IPAlink|ʍ}} ⟨wh⟩ | |||
> |- | |- | ||
> |} | |} | ||
===Vowels=== | |||
<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-right: 1em;"> | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ Short | |||
! | |||
! align="center" | {{wp|Front vowel|Front}} | |||
! align="center" colspan="2" | {{wp|Central vowel|Central}} | |||
! align="center" | {{wp|Back vowel|back}} | |||
|- align="center" | |||
! {{wp|Close vowel|Close}} | |||
| {{IPA link|i}} ⟨i⟩ | |||
| {{IPA link|ɨ}} ⟨y⟩ ||{{IPA link|ʉ}} ⟨ÿ⟩ | |||
| {{IPA link|u}} ⟨u⟩ | |||
|- align="center" | |||
! {{wp|Mid vowel|Mid}} | |||
| {{IPA link|e}} ⟨e⟩ | |||
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ə}} ⟨ë⟩ | |||
| {{IPA link|o}} ⟨o⟩ | |||
|- align="center" | |||
! {{wp|Open vowel|Open}} | |||
| colspan="4" | {{IPA link|a}} ⟨a⟩ | |||
|} | |||
</div> | |||
<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-right: 1em;"> | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ Long | |||
! | |||
! align="center" | {{wp|Front vowel|Front}} | |||
! align="center" colspan="2" | {{wp|Central vowel|Central}} | |||
! align="center" | {{wp|Back vowel|back}} | |||
|- align="center" | |||
! {{wp|Close vowel|Close}} | |||
| {{IPA link|iː}} ⟨ii⟩ | |||
| {{IPA link|ɨː}} ⟨yy⟩ ||{{IPA link|ʉː}} ⟨ÿÿ⟩ | |||
| {{IPA link|uː}} ⟨uu⟩ | |||
|- align="center" | |||
! {{wp|Open vowel|Open}} | |||
| colspan="4" | {{IPA link|aː}} ⟨aa⟩ | |||
|} | |||
</div> |
Revision as of 15:52, 29 January 2022
This article is incomplete because it is pending further input from participants, or it is a work-in-progress by one author. Please comment on this article's talk page to share your input, comments and questions. Note: To contribute to this article, you may need to seek help from the author(s) of this page. |
Toendran | |
---|---|
Tooendran | |
Tuuenjik | |
Pronunciation | ['Tu:enjik] |
Region | North-East Astaria |
Ethnicity | Toendran |
Native speakers | 6 million (2015) |
Indo-European
| |
Latin | |
Official status | |
Official language in | Toendraland |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Tuendran(Tuuenjik ['Tu:enjik]) is a West Germanic language spoken by about 5.8 million as a first language, and 0.2 million as a second language, constituting most of the population of Toendraland(where it is the official language, and the entirity of the Urichi tribes as a second language.
Phonetics
Consonants
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | voiced | b ⟨b⟩ | d ⟨d⟩ | ɡ ⟨gh⟩ | |
voiceless | p ⟨p⟩ | t ⟨t⟩ | k ⟨k⟩ | ||
Affricate | voiced | b͡β ⟨bv⟩ | t͡s ⟨c⟩ | ||
voiceless | p͡ɸ ⟨pf⟩ | d͡z ⟨z⟩ | |||
Fricative | voiced | β ⟨v⟩ | z ⟨s⟩ | ɣ ⟨g⟩ | |
voiceless | ɸ ⟨f⟩ | s ⟨ss/ß⟩ | x ⟨h⟩ | ||
Nasal | m ⟨m⟩ | n ⟨n⟩ | |||
Approximant | l ⟨l⟩, ɹ ⟨r⟩ | j ⟨j⟩ | w ⟨w⟩, ʍ ⟨wh⟩ |