Forms of address in Themiclesia: Difference between revisions
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===Other children of | ===Other children of dukes=== | ||
As with the royal family, there is no gender distinction in [[Shinasthana]] between the sons and daughters of | As with the royal family, there is no gender distinction in [[Shinasthana]] between the sons and daughters of dukes, though it is made in Anglian following international customs. The form of address for a married woman depends on her status and that of her husband. If her own household is of a rank higher than her husband's, she is generally referred to by her titles courtesy of their own household; if not, a title courtesy of her husband is used. These customs exist as to general, social appellation: to her own household, she always takes her husband's title, and to her husband's household, she always is known by her original household's titles. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | !Position !! Reference style !! Salutation and valediction !! Oral style | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Duke / duchess's other sons || His Higness Lord ''Name'', Prince of Ra ||rowspan="2"| Your Highness || ''Your Highness'' initially, then ''Sir'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Duke / duchess's other daughters || Her Higness Lady ''Name'', Prince of Ra || ''Your Highness'' initially, then ''Sir'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 03:25, 16 October 2022
Forms of address in Themiclesia convey the speaker's attitude and relationship with the addressed. Themiclesian culture dictates that whenever a form of address is available, addressing another by name is to be avoided and may be perceived as insulting.
Abbreviations
- The Honourable: The Hon.
- The Right Honourable: The Rt. Hon.
General comments
Many forms of address are not direct renderings of Shinasthana terms but phrases adopted from Casaterran languages and used specifically in those languages.
For historical reasons, the imperial house and the ducal houses of Themiclesia are considered similar in rank, since the imperial house is also a ducal house in origin and is structured in the same way. That is, ducal houses were (at least modelled) as sovereign houses, while baronial houses were vassal houses. With the development of the hegemonic system, the ducal house of Tsinh has assumed a position higher than that of the others but did not change its nomenclature. A number of special forms of address are reserved to the imperial house in Shinasthana as well as in the Casaterran languages.
The style of Majesty is used only by monarchs and their spouses. Thus, if a monarch's mother is not the previous monarch's spouse, she is not entitled to the style of Majesty as she did not reign as Empress-consort. This situation occurred at the ascension of Emperor Q'in' in 1921, as he was a second cousin to his predecessor Emperor Gwai; the latter's spouse became Empress-dowager and was styled Majesty, while Q'in's biological mother was known as the Most Gracious Archduchess and styled Imperial Highness.
Aside from the reigning monarch and their spouse, the imperial and ducal houses were usually known by the Casaterran style of Highness and its variations.
- The Emperor's heir apparent and their spouse are Imperial Highnesses
- The Emperor's other children and their spouses are Highnesses
- The Emperor's grandchildren and their spouses are also Highnesses
In the ducal houses, a similar paradigm is implemented. The sitting duke or duchess and their spouse are Serene Highnesses.
- A duke or duchess's heir apparent and their spouse are Illustrious Highnesses
- A duke's other children and their spouses are Highnesses
In terms of the seniority of the styles, Majesty is the most senior. Amongst the highnesses, the variety used by the Chancellor, Most Serene Highness, is the most senior. Most Serene Highness outranks and is followed by Imperial Highness. Serene Highness is junior to Imperial Highness, and Illustrious Highness is junior to Serene Highness. Unqualified Highnesses are the lowest rank amongst the highnesses.
Royalty
Imperial household
Note that prets-gra′, though translating Majesty, is used only for the sovereign or foreign sovereigns. The empress-consort is not called prets-gra′, even though she enjoys the style of Majesty in Anglian. Mutandis mutatis for former sovereign's consorts. On envelopes, senior royals including the sovereign, his consort, former sovereigns' consorts, the heir apparent, and the heir apparent's consort, are indicated by their respective palaces. The envelope address of Most Gracious Archduchess, if left unspecified, by default means the current sovereign's biological mother.
Other members of the royal family are addressed solely as Prince/Princess X if they do not have their own titular households; they do not need to be further specified as to their actual addresses. While Themiclesian monarchs had practiced concubinage up to the end of the 19th century, they are never addressed by the palaces in which they actually live. Rather, they take the title courtesy of their fathers, who always possess a title of nobility.
| Position | Reference style | On envelopes | Salutation | Oral style |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emperor | His Majesty | Q'in-lang Palace | Your Majesty | Your Majesty initially, then Sir |
| Empress-consort | Her Majesty | Middle Palace | Your Majesty initially, then Madam | |
| Empress-dowager | Gweng-qlunh Palace | |||
| Empress-mother | Her Imperial Highness | Most Gracious Archduchess | Your Imperial Highness | Your Imperial Highness initially, then Madam |
| Prince of Themiclesia | His Imperial Highness | West Palace | Your Imperial Highness initially, then Sir | |
| Prince-consort of Themiclesia | Her Imperial Highness | Lan-ning Hall, West Palace | Your Imperial Highness initially, then Madam | |
| Emperor's children | His/Her Highness | The Prince(ss) Name | Your Highness | Your Highness initially, then Sir/Madam |
| Emperor's children's consorts | Prince(ss) Name | |||
| Emperor's grandchildren | The Prince(ss) Name | |||
| Emperor's grandchildren's consorts | Prince(ss) Name | |||
| Emperor's great-grandchildren | The Prince(ss) Name | Honourable Prince(ss) | Sir/Madam | |
| Emperor's great-grandchildren's consorts | Prince(ss) Name | |||
| Emperor's great-great-grandchildren[1] | The Prince(ss) Name | |||
| Emperor's great-great-grandchildren's consorts | Prince(ss) Name | |||
- ↑ First occurred in recorded history on March 14, 2007, when Emperor Q'in's great-great-grandson Prince Ta was born. However, since Ta was born as a direct heir to the throne, he was automatically entitled to the style of Highness. The question what an emperor's great-great-grandchild who was not entitled to a more senior style by virtue of being a direct heir to the throne was thus still theoretical. Nevertheless it was resolved by the Privy Council soon after Ta's birth with the Emperor's approval that a great-great-grandchild be entitled to the same styles as a great-grandchild. This rule came into effect only with the birth of Prince Rer in 2013, who was not a direct heir to the throne.
Titles in appanage
| Position | On envelopes | Salutation | Oral style | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anglian | Shinasthana | Anglian | Shinasthana | Anglian | Shinasthana | |
| Royal Prince | The Prince of X | 某子 | Noble Prince of X | 某子閣下 | My lord | 君 |
| Royal Prince's wife | The Princess Consort of X | 某子氏 | Noble Princess Consort of X | 某氏閣下 | My lady | 君 |
| Royal Princess | The Princess of X | 某婦 | Noble Princess of X | 某婦閣下 | My lady | 君 |
| Royal Princess's husband | The Prince Consort Name of X | 某婦君某 | Noble Prince Consort of X | 某婦君閣下 | My lord | 君 |
Nobility
Dukes, princes palatine, and heirs apparent
Dukes were entitled to the style of Highness and its variations. The duke or duchess and their consort was entitled to the superior style of Serene Highness, while their heir apparent and their consort were called Illustrious Highness. Other immediate children of a duke or duchess were styled Highness. It should be noted there is a parallelism with the distribution of styles in the imperial family—the heir there was an Imperial Highness, while the other imperial princes were only Hignesses.
The highest variation of Higness—Most Serene Highness—was only used by the Chancellor of Themiclesia, who in the middle ages was considered to rank above all dukes by virtue of office. After he stepped down from office, however, he enjoys the style of Serene Highness even if he does not hold a ducal title. As a result, the Chancellor's children do not enjoy titles by virtue of his office.
| Position | Reference style | Salutation and valediction | Oral style |
|---|---|---|---|
| Duke / duchess | His Serene Highness The Duke / Duchess of Ra | Your Serene Highness | Your Serene Highness initially, then Sir |
| Duke's wife | Her Serene Highness Lady Maiden name, Duchess of Ra | Your Serene Highness initially, then Madam | |
| Duchess's husband | His Serene Highness Lord Name of Ra | Your Serene Highness initially, then Sir | |
| Ducal Prince | His Illustrious Highness The Ducal Prince of Ra | Your Illustrious Highness | Your Illustrious Highness initially, then Sir |
| Ducal Princess | Her Illustrious Highness The Ducal Princess of Ra | Your Illustrious Highness initially, then Madam | |
| Ducal Prince's wife | Her Illustrious Higness Lady Maiden name, Princess of Ra | Your Illustrious Highness initially, then Madam | |
| Ducal Princess's husband | His Illustrious Higness Lord Name, Prince of Ra | Your Illustrious Highness initially, then Sir |
Next eldest son of patriarchs and princes palatine
In Themiclesian custom, it is usual to address the most senior son other than the heir apparent as Baron-in-Chief of that patriarch or prince palatine, regardless whether an actual appointment has been made. This is not a heritable title, so the children of the baron-in-chief take their titles as grandchildren of the patriarch or prince palatine.
| Position | On envelopes | Salutation and valediction | Oral style | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anglian | Shinasthana | Anglian | Shinasthana | Anglian | Shinasthana | |
| Baron-in-Chief | The Baron-in-Chief of Ra | 魯孟侯 | Your Lordship | 某公殿下 | Great lord | 大君 |
| Baron-in-Chief's wife | Lady Kem, Chief Baronness of Ra | 魯孟侯君甘氏 | Your Ladyship | 某氏閣下 | Great lady | 大君 |
Other children of dukes
As with the royal family, there is no gender distinction in Shinasthana between the sons and daughters of dukes, though it is made in Anglian following international customs. The form of address for a married woman depends on her status and that of her husband. If her own household is of a rank higher than her husband's, she is generally referred to by her titles courtesy of their own household; if not, a title courtesy of her husband is used. These customs exist as to general, social appellation: to her own household, she always takes her husband's title, and to her husband's household, she always is known by her original household's titles.
| Position | Reference style | Salutation and valediction | Oral style |
|---|---|---|---|
| Duke / duchess's other sons | His Higness Lord Name, Prince of Ra | Your Highness | Your Highness initially, then Sir |
| Duke / duchess's other daughters | Her Higness Lady Name, Prince of Ra | Your Highness initially, then Sir |
Barons and baronets and their heirs apparent
Barons and baronets originated as vassals to their lords, barons colonizing land and supplying military forces and baronets providing other kinds of services; however, they have been created as political rewards since the medieval period, giving title-holders economic benefit but little automatic influence in the royal court. As a Themiclesian barony was originally colonial, it remained a rule to be attached to a specific piece of land; baronets were sometimes created with baronies on a specific piece of land, but other times they were created with "virtual baronies", an fictitious place under which guise the government provide the holder with income. Consequently, a baron's title will always be a toponym (邦名), but a baronet's title will sometimes be only a term of praise (號).
| Position | On envelopes | Salutation and valediction | Oral style | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anglian | Shinasthana | Anglian | Shinasthana | Anglian | Shinasthana | |
| Baron/Baronness | The Baron/Baronness of Ra | 魯侯 | Your lordship/ladyship | 魯侯閣下 | My lord/lady baron/baronness | 侯君 |
| Baron's wife | The Baronness of Ra | 魯夫人 | Your ladyship | 魯夫人閣下 | My lady | 君夫人 |
| Baronness's husband | Lord Name | 魯君某 | Your lordship | 魯君某閣下 | My lord | 君 |
| Baron/Baronness's heir apparent | The Hon. Mr. Name | 魯帝子某 | Dear Mr. Name | 魯世子左右 | Sir | 君 |
| Baron/Baronness's heir apparent's wife | The Hon. Mrs. Name | 魯某氏 | Dear Miss Name | 魯某氏閣下 | Madam | 君 |
| Baronet/Baronetess (landed) | The Baronet of Ra | 魯君 | Your lordship/ladyship | 魯君閣下 | My lord/lady baronet/baronetess | 君 |
| Baronet/Baronetess (not landed) | Lord Krar | 嘉君 | Your lordship/ladyship | 魯君閣下 | My lord/lady baronet/baronetess | 君 |
| Baronet's wife | The Baronness of Ra | 魯君夫人 | Your ladyship | 魯君夫人閣下 | My lady | 君夫人 |
| Baronetess's husband | Lord Name | 魯君某 | Your lordship | 魯君某閣下 | My lord | 君 |
| Baronet/Baronetess's heir apparent | The Hon. Mr. Name | 魯君帝子某 | Dear Mr. Name | 魯君世子左右 | Sir | 君 |
| Baronet/Baronetess's heir apparent's wife | The Hon. Mrs. Name | 魯君某氏 | Dear Miss Name | 魯某氏閣下 | Madam | 君 |
Other children of barons and baronets
| Position | On envelopes | Salutation and valediction | Oral style | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anglian | Shinasthana | Anglian | Shinasthana | Anglian | Shinasthana | |
| Baron/Baronness/Baronet/Baronetess's son and daughter unmarried | The Hon. Mr./Miss Name | 魯庶子某 | Dear Sir/Madam | 庶子左右 | Sir/Madam | 君子 |
| Baron/Baronness/Baronet/Baronetess's daughter married | Dame Name of Ra | 魯婦某 | Madam | 魯婦氏左右 | Madam | 君婦氏 |
| Baron/Baronness/Baronet/Baronetess's son's wife | The Hon. Mrs. Ra | 魯庶子婦某 | Madam | 魯婦左右 | Madam | 君婦氏 |
| Baron/Baronness/Baronet/Baronetess's daughter's husband | The Hon. Mr. Name | 魯士某 | Dear Mr. Name | 魯士足下 | Sir | 君士 |
| Baron/Baronness/Baronet/Baronetess's grandson and granddaughter unmarried | The Hon. Mr./Miss Name | 魯庶孫某 | Dear Miss Name | 庶孫足下 | Sir/Madam | 君孫 |
| Baron/Baronness/Baronet/Baronetess's granddaughter married | The Hon. Mrs. Name of Ra | 魯孫婦某 | Dear Miss Name | 魯孫婦氏足下 | Madam | 君婦氏 |
| Baron/Baronness/Baronet/Baronetess's grandson's wife | The Hon. Mrs. Maiden name of Ra | 魯庶孫婦某 | Madam | 庶孫婦足下 | Madam | 君婦氏 |
| Baron/Baronness/Baronet/Baronetess's granddaughter's husband | The Hon. Mr. Name | 士某 | Dear Mr. Name | 魯士足下 | Sir | 君士 |
Barons of patriarchs and princes palatine and their heirs apparent
Children of barons of patriarchs and princes palatine
Minor nobility and gentry
Counsels
Principals
Gentlemen
Clergy
Buddhism
Christianity
Judiciary
Judges
| Position | On envelopes | Salutation and valediction | Oral style |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lord President of the Appellate Committee | Lord President of the Appellate Committee | Your Lordship | Great lord |
| Chief Justice of Appeal | Lord Chief Justice of Appeal | Your Ladyship | Great lady |
| Chief Justice of Themiclesia | Lord Chief Justice of Themiclesia | Your Ladyship | Great lady |
| Chief Baron of the Exchequer of Themiclesia | Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer of Themiclesia | Your Ladyship | Great lady |
| Chief Baron of the Admiralty | Lord Chief Baron of the Admiralty | Your Ladyship | Great lady |
| Chief Judge for the Correction of Marshal's Errors | Chief Judge for the Correction of Marshal's Errors | Your Ladyship | Great lady |
| Chief Judge in Error for the Marine | Chief Judge in Error for the Marine | Your Ladyship | Great lady |
| Lord of Appeal | Lady Kem, Chief Baronness of Ra | Your Ladyship | Great lady |
Lawyers
Academics
Government
| Position | Reference style | On envelopes | Salutation and valediction | Oral style |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chancellor of Themiclesia | Her Most Serene Highness | The Chancery | Your Most Serene Highness | Your Most Serene Highness initially, then Sir |
| Premier Vice Chancellor | His Illustrious Highness | The Vice-Chancery | Your Illustrious Highness | Your Illustrious Highness initially, then Sir |
| Secretaries of State | The Council of Correspondence | Dear Mr. | Mr. Name | |
| Principal Counsels | The Office of Office | Dear Mr. | Mr. Name |
Military
Army and Air Force
- In the Consolidated Army, Themiclesian Air Force, and other land units, commissioned ranks above captain may be used socially, such that in ordinary conversation an officer may be called Captain Lup. The ranks lieutenant and second lieutenant are not used socially, so their holders are addressed as Mr. Lup. This practice exists because historically gentlemen (who have the courtesy title Mister) always joined the military as commissioned officers, so a Mister by default refers to the most junior commissioned officer, i.e. lieutenants. Petty officers and enlisted men take the courtesy title Mister in conversation.
- The rank of colonel is considered special as it was, for a long time, the highest military rank during peacetime, together with the somewhat nebulous rank of colonel-general. It is de rigueur to address a colonel-general who is not a general in his own right as Colonel Lup, but if a colonel-general is so deemed, it is correct to treat him as a general. Thus, the colonels-general of the Gentlemen of the Horse and the Capital Artillery are addressed as Colonel Lup, but the colonels-general of the Royal Signals Corps and the South Army are General Lup.
- A general officer of any rank is addressed socially as General Lup. If a generalship is created by Parliament, the socially correct form of address on envelopes in written reference is The General Lup; if a staff general, the definite article is not used. A parliamentary generalship most frequently existed as heads of military campaigns and thus exist only during wartime, while staff generals may be appointed in peacetime. After the Pan-Septentrion War, this distinction has blurred in the armed forces but remains in force according to widely-published style guides.
- The ranks brigadier and above may be retained and used socially after resignation of commission.
- The office of prefectural marshal may be used socially and carries the honourary rank of colonel after resignation.
- Patrons of the Hundred Companies created raised between 1871 and 1875 have the honourary rank of captain.
- In the Themiclesian Navy and Themiclesian Coast Guard, the ranks from commander and above may be used socially. Likewise, any rank under commander is not used socially, whose holders are addressed verbally as Mr. Lup. When it is necessary to distinguish two individuals who are both Mr. Lup, it is acceptable to prefix rank before the courtesy title Mister, e.g. Petty Officer Mr. Lup and Ensign Mr. Lup.
- An admiral of any rank is socially referred to as Admiral Lup, but in no case is the definite article used.
- The ranks captain and above may be retained and used socially after resignation of commission.
- The chief officer of a seagoing vessel, both military and civilian, is addressed as Captain Lup by courtesy of his crewmembers, regardless of actual military rank in case of a naval vessel.